Digital Commons Network^™

Public Value And The Compatibility Of State Aid To Public Service Broadcasters – The Hot Potato For The European Commission, Dionysios Pelekis, Małgorzata Kozak

Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies

This article explores the legal regime governing Public Service Broadcasters (PSBs), and the competences of the EU in regulating and overseeing them, from the perspective of State aid law and their compatibility with the internal market. First, the components of the legal framework are identified and analysed. Additionally, a substantive public value test is proposed and introduced, building on the available literature, decisional practice, and incorporating a legal construction of pluralism, derived from the available case law. Subsequently, the compatibility regime for PSBs is examined. The specific regime applicable to PSBs, and its constituent elements, are analysed, followed by an …

Evaluation Of Common Complications Following Tetralogy Of Fallot Surgical Repair By Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Zainab Ahmad Ramadan, Mohamed Salah Ayyad

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: The operative procedures for correction of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) concentrates on the impact of pulmonary valve regurgitation (PR) on the function of right ventricle (RV) pointing to alleviating right ventricle outflow tract (RVOT) narrowing, and minimizing the PR degree at the same time, closing ventricular septal defect (VSD). Various complications could be encountered after TOF repair as; PR, dilated RV with/without impaired function, RVOT residual obstruction/ dilatation, residual VSD, tricuspid regurge (TR), aortic root dilatation with/without regurge and significant difference in differential pulmonary flow. Objective: Address the most common complications that could be encountered following TOF surgical repair, …

Study Of Serum Bilirubin In Relation To Stable Chronic Coronary Artery Disease Severity And Outcome After Percutaneous Intervention, Khaled E Mahfouz, Ahmed W Suliman, Mahmoud A Youssef, Adel M Osman

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Bilirubin is endogenous antioxidant and increased its physiological concentrations reduce severity of coronary artery disease with better prognosis after PCI. Objective: Assess serum bilirubin level in patients with stable chronic coronary artery disease and correlate it with the severity of this disease and outcome after PCI. Methods: Cross sectional prospective observational study included 203 Patient with stable chronic coronary artery disease divided into 2 groups according to bilirubin: group I ≤ 0.6mg/dl group II > 0.6 (up to 1.2) mg/dl 100 cases underwent elective coronary angiography and PCI with full clinical examination, laboratory tests: total serum bilirubin, creatinine, lipid profile, …

Serum Interleukin-22 In Non-Segmental Vitiligo, Fatma Faisal El Dakrory, Maha Elsayed Mahmoud Elsayed, Yousra Ibrahim El-Tantawy Sadeq, Shereen Ezzalregal Alashry

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: A depigmenting skin condition called vitiligo affects 0.5–2 percent of people globally. It seems to be caused by an interaction between neurological, immunological, and genetic factors. Vitiligo is mediated by cell-mediated reactions, as Th1/Th17 and Tc1 cells. It is thought that the Th17 cell's most specialized cytokine isIL-22. Aim: To explore the blood levels of IL-22 in non-segmental vitiligo and to investigate whether it can be a biomarker in monitoring disease activity and it’s correlation with disease severity. Patient and methods: This study included thirty healthy individuals and sixty non-segmental vitiligo cases (30 with stable vitiligo and 30 with …

Increasing Incidence And Unusual Presentations Of Chickenpox Infection In The Post Covid-19 Era In Egypt, Sara Hamdy, Amany Awad

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: The aim of the current study was to analyze the incidence and clinical presentations of patients with chicken pox in the post COVID-19 era. Additionally, the management protocols of these patients were highlighted.

Patients and methods: This prospective cohort included 70 patients of Chicken pox diagnosed and managed in a tertiary referral center over a 2-months duration. Patients’ symptoms, complications, treatment, as well as outcomes were documented and analyzed.

Results: a sharp increase in the incidence of chickenpox was observed in our institute compared to the same season in the previous years. Unusual presentations were also …

Ultrasound Guided Quadratus Lumborum Block Versus Transversus Abdominis Plane Block As Postoperative Analgesia In Patients Undergoing Abdominal Cancer Surgery, Ghada Fouad Amer, Nevert Adel Abdel Ghaffar

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Abdominal surgeries are often linked with post-operative pain (POP). The transverse abdominal plane (TAP) block is an efficient method for POP management in these patients. The quadratus lumborum (QL) block (QLB) is another method for the POP control. The current study aims to assess the efficiency and safety of QLB and TAP block for POP control after abdominal cancer surgeries. Methods: 98 cases scheduled for abdominal cancer surgery by using general anesthesia (GA) were comprised in this randomized study. They were randomly divided into 2 equal groups :(QL group) patient received GA plus bilateral QLB, (TAP group) patient received …

Assessment Of Response Of Enteropathic Spondyloarthritis To Different Types Of Biological Therapy; An Egyptian Single Center Study, Fatma Abozeid, Marwa Besar

Mansoura Medical Journal

Introduction: Arthropathy is one of the most prevalent extraintestinal symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It may be either peripheral or axial spondyloarthropathy. Biological treatment as anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF𝛼) or anti-interleukin 12/23 (anti IL 12/23) have shown efficacy in controlling gut inflammation and reducing joint manifestation. Our aim of the study was to assess the different aspects of response (laboratory , endoscopically and radiologically) of axial arthropathy associated with IBD patients after receiving biological drugs including: anti TNF (infliximab and adalimumab)& anti IL 12/23 (ustekinumab)

Patients & methods:A single center observational study was conducted through one …

Urinary Vitamin D Binding Protein Level In Egyptian Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients: A Potential Biomarker For Lupus Nephritis And Its Association With Renal Activity, Elshahat A. Yousef, Eman Nagy, Omnia M. El Sayed Mohamed, Mohamed S. Elghonimy, Marwa Saleh

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background : Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease affecting various organs, notably the kidneys, leading to lupus Nephritis (LN) in approximately half of patients. Early and accurate diagnosis of lupus nephritis (LN) and initiation of therapy are crucial steps in halting disease progression. Despite its value as a gold standard for diagnosing, classifying, and guiding treatment for LN patients, renal biopsy is expensive, carries risks, and cannot expect the response to immunosuppressive therapy. Methods : The study included 80 SLE patients; 60 patients were biopsy-proven LN (30 patients with active LN, and 30 patients with LN in …

Coload Effect On Cardiac Output Measurement Using Transthoracic Echocardiography In Preeclamptic Patients Undergoing Cesarean Delivery, Sherine Ali Elsayed Bakrey, Aya Hasan Masoud Abdelhady, Alaa El-Din Mazy Abdou Mazy, Maha Ahmed Abo-Zeid Salim

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: During cesarean delivery (CD) for preeclamptic patients under spinal anaesthesia (SA), much intravenous fluids are avoided. Through transthoracic echocardiography, study conducted to assess the hypothesis that colloid plus crystalloid coload will maintain the cardiac output (CO) than crystalloid fluid alone. Methods: Thirty-four preeclamptic patients, scheduled for elective CD, under SA, were allocated according to the fluid coloading into two groups; Crystalloid group (group I); in which the patients received Ringer’s acetate or Crystalloid-colloid group (group II); in which the patients received 6% Hydroxyethyl starch and Ringer’s acetate. The primary outcome was CO while, left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), …

Opioid-Free Anaesthesia During Prolonged Orthotopic Urinary Bladder Diversion Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Comparative Study, Mohamed A Ghanem, Mostafa Ma Saied, Hanan Adly, May E Badr

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Opioid-free anaesthesia is becoming a favored strategy among anesthetists. This study aims to compare continuous epidural fentanyl infusion with intrathecal bolus of bupivacaine-dexmedetomidine, which is a low-cost analgesic technique with efficient intraoperative hemodynamic stability, postoperative analgesia, and fewer opioid induced drawbacks in urinary bladder diversion surgery.

Patient and Methods: Our randomized prospective comparative study involved 34 patients prepared for urinary bladder diversion surgery. Patients were distributed into two equivalent groups; group A received continuous epidural infusion of bupivacaine-fentanyl; and group B received intrathecal bolus bupivacaine-dexmedetomidine.

Results: Intraoperatively, Heart rate showed a significant decrease at 2 h in group B …

Ultrasound-Guided Femoro-Sciatic Nerve Block Versus Hemispinal Anesthesia In Acute Lower Limb Ischemia: A Prospective Randomized Comparative Study, Mostafa Sayed Ahmed Mohammed Elawady, Nehal Alaa El-Dien Abbass Hamza, Mohammed Ahmed Ahmed Sultan, Hazem Elsayed Moawad, Tarek Habeeb Ramadan

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Acute lower limb ischemia (ALLI) is a critical condition that requires prompt surgical intervention. The choice of anesthetic technique can have a significant impact on patient outcomes. The Purpose of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of femoro-sciatic nerve block (FSNB) guided by ultrasound and hemispinal anesthesia (HSA) among patients undergoing surgery for acute lower limb ischemia.

Methods: We prospectively studied 44, ASA Ⅱ-Ⅲ patients whose surgeries were planned for management of acute lower limb ischemia. Eligible patients were randomly allocated into two groups to be given either HSA or ultrasound-guided FSNB. The duration of the …

Audit Of Management Of Diabetic Ketoacidosis In Mansoura Specialized Medical Hospital, Walaa M Abd-El-Fatah, Omnia I State, Basma Z Elmorsy

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Egypt is listed among the world's top ten countries regarding the highest number of people with diabetes mellitus (DM). Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a medical emergency which is associated with significant mortality and morbidity in diabetic patients. It is also a common reason for hospitalization and thus is associated with significantly high costs. However, DKA is a potentially reversible condition provided that an emergency and immediate medical attention, appropriate diagnosis and therapy were provided.

Aim: auditing the adherence to protocol for the management of DKA in our Mansoura University Hospital (Specialized Medical Hospital) in Egypt from May 2021 to …

Evaluation Of Low Dose Intrathecal Bupivacaine With Dexmedetomidine In Geriatric Patients Undergoing Traumatic Hip Surgery, Rania E. Elbadrawy, Sherine A Bakrey, Reem Abdelraouf Elsharkawy

Mansoura Medical Journal

Abstract: Background: Spinal anesthesia (SA) is typically utilized during surgical treatment of severe hip fractures. Searching for early ambulation and reduction of frequency and severity of hypotension, and after adding dexmedetomidine (DEX), different intrathecal (IT) dosages of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine had been used to determine the lowest dosage that will result in a good block without hemodynamic instability. Methods: At random, 78 patients were divided into three groups. A 7.5 mg of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine was administered in the first group10 mg in the second and 12.5 mg in the third group. Dexmedetomidine (5 μg) was added to each group. …

Pathogenic Role Of Angiopoietin-1 And -2 In Community-Acquired Pneumonia Among A Cohort Of Egyptian Children From Rural Areas Of Delta Region, Magdy Mohamed Ebrahim Zedan, Nashwa Khairat Abousamra, Engy Osman Ahmed, Asmaa Salah Ali Gebril

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Both an uncontrolled host response and the direct actions of pathogenic agents can be responsible for pneumonia-induced pulmonary hyperpermeability. Two well-known factors that contribute to angiogenesis and regulate inflammation and vascular leakage are angiopoietin-1 (Ang 1) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang 2). Aim: Assessment of Ang 1 and Ang 2 serum levels as indicators of the severity and phenotypes of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Subjects and methods: From September 2023 to February 2024, a case-control study was carried out at Mansoura University Children Hospital (MUCH) to assess the serum levels of Ang-1 and Ang-2 as indicators of the severity and phenotypes of …

Is Hyponatremia A Predictor Of Severity And Mortality In Covid 19 Patients?, Manal Mohammed Reda Algharbawy, Mohamed Maher El-Gamal, Eman Ali Ahmed Ali

Mansoura Medical Journal

BACKGROUND: Hyponatremia is one of the commonest water–electrolyte imbalances in the body. It can occur in coincidence with many diseases and its presence can affect the disease outcome.

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY: to evaluate the relation between serum sodium level and both COVID disease severity and mortality.

METHODS: Study included 164 patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Serum sodium was measured on admission. 65 patients had serum sodium more than 135 mmol/l (either normal serum sodium or mild hypernatremia) while the remaining 99 had hyponatremia. Patients were treated and followed till discharge or death. Study included 3 categories of disease …

Guillain-Barré Syndrome In Adults And Children: Differences In Clinical Features, Mahmoud Moaness Elbialy, Maha H. Khalil, Khaled Fathy, Hossam Egila

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune disease (AID) affecting peripheral nervous system (PNS) stimulated by either infectious (such as Campylobacter jejuni, Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Zika virus and SARS-CoV-2 infection) or noninfectious factors. It may occur at any age, and it is the commonest etiology of acute flaccid paralysis in pediatrics. Patients present with progressive and symmetric muscle weakness with absent or depressed deep tendon reflexes and might also have sensory manifestations such as Paresthesia in the hands and feet, dysautonomia and cranial nerve affection such as facial palsy or bulbar affection Aim: This study assessed …

Training The Concept Of Innovate In Dolphins (Tursiops Truncatus) Is Both Creative And Cognitively Stimulating, Deirdre Yeater, Kathleen M. Dudzinski, Dawn Melzer, Andrew R. Magee, Michaela Robinett, Gonzalo Guerra, Kimberly Salazar, Terri Bolton, Heather Manitzas Hill

Psychology Faculty Publications

Creative or novel behaviors in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) can be indicators of flexible thinking and problem solving. Over 50 years ago, two rough-tooth dolphins demonstrated creative novel behaviors acquired through reinforcement training in human care. Since this novel training, a variety of species have been trained to respond to this conceptual cue. The current study assessed the creativity of 12 bottlenose dolphins (5 females, 7 males) housed at the Roatan Institute for Marine Sciences (RIMS) in Roatan, Honduras. Individual differences were found across four constructs measured for creativity: fluency, flexibility, elaboration, and originality. Variability in performance occurred across test …

The Investigation Of The Effects Of Adolescent Substance Use On Socioeconomic Outcomes During Adulthood, Bedis Elkamel

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Background: Adolescence is a crucial point in life where choices, behaviors, and environmental influences can significantly shape future outcomes. This research investigates the increasing concerns surrounding adolescent substance use and examines its long-term effects on socioeconomic status (SES) in adulthood. Substance use during adolescence has been shown to have significant long-term physiological impacts, as the brain is still developing at this age. Additionally, many short- and long-term effects are associated with substance use, such as impacts on academics, physical and emotional well-being, and social life. Several studies have been conducted to explore the relationship between substance use and SES, however, …

The Contribution Of The White Working-Class Toward Their Own Political And Economic Disenfranchisement, Dana De Castro

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The purpose of this study was to answer the following question: why are the white working-class in America complicit in their own political and economic disenfranchisement? Moreover, this paper utilizes two time periods in American history, specifically, the Antebellum period and the Jim Crow era, and examines the white working-class’s behavioral pattern in these periods with the historical context in mind that took place in each of the eras. Through an analysis of the two studies, it is revealed that the white working-class has long been disenfranchised politically and economically. The white working-class of the past (specifically, the Antebellum period …

Speed And Judgment: The Effect Of Caseload On Florida’S District Courts Of Appeal, Isabella C. Johnston

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The Florida District Courts of Appeal have undergone many changes over the last three years, including the adoption of video conferencing due to the Covid-19 pandemic, and the creation of a brand-new district for the first time since 1979. Included in this series of changes was a new rule that moves most of the circuit court’s appellate jurisdiction into the jurisdiction the District Courts of Appeals (DCAs). This change has added to the systemic pressures of the Florida DCAs. While the creation of a new district is a step in the right direction to protect the effectiveness and perception of …

Contributing Factors And Interventions For Increased Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection (Clabsi) Rates During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Literature Review, Brittney Perry

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The purpose of this literature review is to determine the contributing factors of CLABSI rate increases during the COVID-19 pandemic and identify interventions which restored CLABSI rates to pre-pandemic levels to guide healthcare professionals’ actions during the next pandemic. Background: In the first two decades of the 21^st century, CLABSI rates were reduced in United States hospitals by innovating safer patient care practices. However, there was a significant increase in the annual CLABSI rate in 2020 and 2021, increasing the average length of stay, mortality rate, and cost to the U.S. healthcare system. Methods: An extensive search of CINAHL …

Financial Issues And Trends Among Testicular Cancer Patients: A Review Of Patient-Reported Outcomes, Treatments, And Employment, Staphana Valery Edouard

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The present study reviewed existing literature on the effects of treatment and recovery costs on the multidimensional wellness of testicular cancer (TC) survivors. Peer-reviewed and scholarly articles were systematically searched and analyzed to determine the extent and impact of the overall financial effects of a TC diagnosis. This study aimed to uncover evidence indicating the possible decline in overall health-related quality of life (HRQoL) due to the potential deleterious effects on TC survivors’ financial well-being.

We found that TC survivors’ HRQoL is affected due to the damages of high out-of-pocket treatment costs, possible loss of employment, disability, and any other …

Exploring Evidence-Based Intervention Methods In The Juvenile Justice System, Edgar J. Quinones-Gomez

Honors Undergraduate Theses

A large body of research has been devoted to understanding evidence-based interventions (EBI) and their effectiveness in the juvenile justice system. This systematic review examines three commonly used interventions used to reduce recidivism among adolescents involved in the juvenile justice system: Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Functional Family Therapy (FFT), and Multisystemic Therapy (MST). The systematic review analyzes findings from prior studies evaluating the impact of CBT, FFT, and MST on recidivism among adjudicated youth. The sample includes 23 peer-reviewed studies that utilized samples of adjudicated youth in the United States and were published after 2010. Findings revealed CBT as the most …

Recognizing Risk Factors Of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia In Neonates ≥ 24 And ≤ 32 Weeks Of Gestational Age, Hannah Tatro

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung condition that is diagnosed among neonates who are on oxygen therapy for longer than 28 days. BPD causes insufficient gas exchange due to prematurely developed lungs and is the most common condition that causes morbidity of prematurity. Many risk factors contribute to the development of this condition and relate to care from the delivery room to the first few days of life.

Purpose: The purpose of this literature review is to examine risk factors related to the development of BPD in neonates from the gestational ages of 24 to 32 weeks.

Methods: …

Health Literacy And Maternal Health: A Rapid Systematic Review, Goldy Olivier

Honors Undergraduate Theses

In comparison to other high-income nations, the U.S. maintains the highest maternal mortality rate, especially among Black women. Factors like the growing maternal age and restricted family planning clinics have been noted to contribute to this phenomenon. However, the impact of health literacy on maternal has yet to be reviewed. Health literacy in the U.S. has long been determined to be a social determinant of health more broadly, and it may likely play a role in maternal health as well. Consequently, a systematic review of health literacy and its association with maternal health outcomes is warranted. The goal of this …

Sars-Cov-2 Infection History Is Positively Correlated With Frequency Of Psychotic Symptoms In Schizophrenia, Jackson D. Beecher

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Previous work in human and animal studies has implicated aberrant insular cortex (IC) activity in the pathophysiology of hallucinations. Of note, the IC overlaps with the olfactory cortex (OC), a region of the brain that receives extensive projections from sensory neurons of the olfactory epithelium. SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) is a highly infectious coronavirus with a demonstrated ability to cause anosmia; the virus does this by colocalizing with and damaging support cells in the olfactory epithelium, ultimately leading to alterations in olfactory receptor cell signaling to the OC. Given the overlap between OC and IC, we asked the question of whether COVID-19 …

Exploring Filipino Restaurants In Greater Orlando, Jeremy Quinn T. Braga

Honors Undergraduate Theses

This ethnographic study examines how Filipino restaurants in Greater Orlando leverage traditional foodways and interior design to gain and sustain customer followings. Data elicitation techniques such as participant observation, semi-structured interviews, photography, and mapping help build a general portrait of these niche out-to-eat venues in central Florida. Collected findings suggest that Filipino restaurants in Greater Orlando are extremely varied from the type of eatery they are, the mode of consumption and their interior design choices. Dine-in, takeout from turo-turo stores, or fast food are the many ways one can get food. Most of the time the interior design of the …

Predicting Willingness To Attain Telehealth Medical Treatment From Personality Variables, Maxwell J. Belshe

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The continued integration of technology into healthcare has made telehealth a vital resource. Yet, factors influencing individuals' willingness to seek telehealth treatment remain relatively underexplored. In this study, I examined the relationship between social media use, personal growth, environmental mastery, and social anxiety, as well as their relationship to college students’ willingness to utilize telehealth services. A sample of 402 participants was surveyed and a multiple regression analysis was conducted to assess these variables' abilities to predict willingness to use telehealth services. The model explained 10.6% of the variance in willingness to use telehealth with social media use and personal …

Elements Of The Criminal Mind, Kelsie A. Esposito Ms.

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Studying human behavior and societal dynamics has captivated scholars across time. From ancient philosophers like Plato to contemporary researchers, the quest to comprehend our distinctiveness and the mechanisms that enable harmonious coexistence remains paramount. This thesis examines the enigmatic realm of the “criminal class,” looking at their identity and actions and the cognitive processes underpinning their behavior. Focusing on violent criminal offenders, this thesis seeks to provide greater meaning and understanding of the criminal mind.

Insights Into The Heart Microstructure: A Case Study, Sarah Bulger

Honors Undergraduate Theses

This thesis focuses on better understanding the structures of the heart at the micro-scale. Cardiomyocytes and the branching of cardiomyocytes are of specific interest. A literature review was performed to extract key information on cardiomyocyte size, the branching type and frequency of cardiomyocytes, and cardiomyocytes' organization in general. The purpose of conducting the literature review was to find quantifiable data on the micro-structure of the heart. Three studies in particular provided data on the branching of cardiomyocytes. Two of these studies were conducted on rat hearts, while one other study was conducted on human hearts. The methods and terminology between …