Digital Commons Network^™

Interest In Over-The-Counter Progestin-Only Pills Among Transgender, Nonbinary, And Gender-Expansive Individuals In The United States, Kate Grindlay, Juno Obedin-Maliver, Sachiko Ragosta, Jen Hastings, Mitchell R. Lunn, Annesa Flentje, Matthew R. Capriotti, Zubin Dastur, Micah E. Lubensky, Heidi Moseson

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Background: In July 2023, the US Food and Drug Administration approved the first nonprescription oral contraceptive, a progestin-only pill, in the United States. Transgender, nonbinary, and gender-expansive people assigned female or intersex at birth face substantial contraceptive access barriers and may benefit from over-the-counter oral contraceptive access. However, no previous research has explored their perspectives on this topic. Objective: This study aimed to measure interest in over-the-counter progestin-only pill use among transgender, nonbinary, and gender-expansive individuals assigned female or intersex at birth. Study Design: We conducted an online, cross-sectional survey from May to September 2019 (before the US Food and …

Workers’ Worries, Pain, Psychosocial Factors, And Margin Of Manoeuvre, In Relation To Outcomes In A Return-To-Work Program: An Exploratory Study, Marie-France Coutu, Marie-José Durand, Fergal O’Hagan, Patrick Gosselin, Iuliana Nastasia, Djamal Berbiche, Marie-Élise Labrecque, Sara Pettigrew, Martine Bordeleau

Études primaires

Purpose: To explore the intensity and variation of workers’ worries, pain, psychosocial factors, and margin of manoeuvre before and after a return-to-work program, and identified the psychosocial factors associated with non-return to work at the end of the rehabilitation program. Methods: A pre-post study design was used. A convenience sample of 80 workers starting a return-to-work program and having a compensated musculoskeletal injury that caused an absence of more than three months from their regular work was recruited. Data were collected at baseline and at the end of the rehabilitation program on the nature of the worries and maintenance factors …

Proknow: Process Knowledge For Safety Constrained And Explainable Question Generation For Mental Health Diagnostic Assistance In The Age Of Large Language Models, Kaushik Roy, Manas Gaur, Misagh Soltani, Vipula Rawte, Ashwin Allen, Amit P. Sheth

Publications

Current Virtual Mental Health Assistants (VMHAs) primarily offer counseling and suggestive care but do not assist with patient diagnosis due to their lack of training in safety-constrained and specialized clinical process knowledge, referred to as ProKnow. In this work, we define ProKnow as an ordered set of information aligned with evidence-based guidelines or categories of conceptual understanding used by domain experts. We also introduce a new dataset of diagnostic conversations guided by safety constraints and Pro- Know, known as ProKnow-data. We develop a method for natural language question generation (NLG) designed to interactively gather diagnostic information from patients, termed ProKnow-algo. …

Active Facilitation Of Helper Dispersal By Parents And Siblings In The Cooperatively Breeding Acorn Woodpecker, Natasha D. G. Hagemeyer, Walter D. Koenig, Eric L. Walters

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Offspring that delay dispersal in cooperatively breeding species have been hypothesized to gain direct fitness benefits via parental facilitation—being passively tolerated on their natal territory by their parents—thereby enjoying enhanced survival and increased probability of acquiring a breeding position in the population. Here we describe active facilitation in the acorn woodpecker (Melanerpes formicivorus) by parents and siblings assisting the dispersal of helpers in their social group. Helpers in this species compete for reproductive opportunities in “power struggles” that take place when all breeders of one sex die or disappear, creating a reproductive vacancy. Individuals compete at power struggles …

Family Context And Executive Functioning In Preschool-Age Children, Kristin Aho

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Executive functioning is predictive of school readiness, successful life endeavors, and other positive outcomes. The literature frequently explores how child executive functions are associated with characteristics of mother-child interactions as well as adverse environmental conditions such as poverty and chronic stress. Fewer studies, however, have taken a more nuanced approach to understanding how features of the immediate environment, such as family context, help or hinder the development of executive functions in young children. To address this gap, the current study explored how aspects of family context are associated with executive performance in a sample of preschool-age children. Specifically, the study …

An Agent-Based Cellular Automaton Simulation Model To Study Worker Safety Behavior On Construction Sites: The Impacts Of Different Social Influence Rules, Rayan H. Assaad, Mohamad Abdul Nabi, Ghiwa Assaf, Islam H. El-Adaway

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The unsafe behavior of the construction workforce is one of the leading causes of accidents in the construction industry. It has been shown that construction laborers perceive the safety behavior of their co-workers and adjust their personal safety attitudes accordingly. Thus, there has been an increasing attention to studying the impacts of the social influence and norms on the safety behavior of construction workers. While existing studies examined the factors that influence the safety behavior of the construction workforce, there is little-to-no research that specifically focused on modeling the role of social influence on the safety behavior of the workers. …

Cross-Cultural Modification Of The University Of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test For The Saudi Arabian Population: Validation And Normative Values, Saad Alsaleh, Ahmed Alhussien, Nawaf Alsubaie, Ziyad Alajlan, Sakhar Albader, Ibrahim Alarifi, Hussain Albaharna, Ibrahim Sumaily

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To develop a reliable version of the Saudi Arabian-University of Pennsylvania smell identification test (SA-UPSIT) and to establish normative values for both genders. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on voluntarily recruited normal participants in King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from April 2018 to May 2023. Culture-familiar odors were chosen and the kit was translated into Arabic for the study. The test was modified 3 times in 4 versions. Following this, a random sample was collected to carry out a re-test after 6 weeks. Results: A total of 288 subjects participated in the development of …

Religious Clause Challenges To Early Abortion Bans, Caroline Mala Corbin

Articles

The substantive due process right to abortion is gone. But other parts of the Constitution may also protect women’s right to control their bodies and live as equals in the United States. This Essay addresses what role the two religion clauses may play in advancing reproductive autonomy. Because religion and reproduction are intertwined, the religion clauses may provide some measure of constitutional protection.

The Establishment Clause bars the government from imposing religion onto those who do not share it. It also forbids the government from taking sides in theological disputes. Early abortion bans not only favor one religious belief on …

Developing And Implementing A Sexually Transmitted Disease Screening Program To Decrease Chlamydia Cases On A College Campus, Amanda C. Harris

All Capstone Projects

Introduction: Sexually active college students were experiencing a high incidence, spread, and reinfection of the sexually transmitted Disease (STD) chlamydia on a university campus.
Purpose: To determine if implementing of a quality improvement program on campus utilizing a holistic approach would help decrease chlamydia cases. This program focused on fast-track STD screening, increasing knowledge about STDs, and addressing mental health issues.
Methods & Study Design: This was a descriptive/quasi-experimental design. Participants utilized the fast-track STD screening and completed surveys. Descriptive statistics and frequency tables were used to summarize survey responses for 1) the pre-and post-sexually transmitted disease (STD) education survey, …

Reflections On Corporate Governance At Work, Margaret Blair, Matthew Bodie, June Carbone, Scott Dewey, George S. Georgiev, Grant Hayden, Claire Hill, Brett Mcdonnell, Sanjukta Paul, Silvie Rohr, Natalya Shnitser, Aaron Sojourner, Alvin Velazquez

Articles

No abstract provided.

Is There A Presumption Against Wealth Taxation?, Linda Sugin

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Can Crt Save Dei?: Workplace Diversity, Equity & Inclusion In The Shadow Of Anti-Affirmative Action, Tanya K. Hernandez

Faculty Scholarship

Just four years after the nation’s summer of 2020 protests—sparked by the murder of George Floyd— culminated in a racial reckoning in which many organizations across the country instituted racial equity measures and policies, legislators across the nation are enacting anti-Critical Race Theory (CRT) bans in a seeming backlash to this advocacy for racial justice. The bans simultaneously mischaracterize CRT as anti-White discrimination while strategically conflating it with workplace diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) initiatives. Further inflaming the racially hostile public discourse is the U.S. Supreme Court’s recent decision in Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard (2023), which greatly narrows …

Consent And Disagreement, Aditi Bagchi

Faculty Scholarship

Contracts purport to settle rights and obligations between parties. The fact that parties have consented to a given set of terms seems to hold the promise of preempting conflict about those terms after the fact. But contract gives rise to disputes about consent itself. Many disputes about implied conditions, for example, are best understood as disagreements about the scope of consent.

This article identifies several moral ambiguities in the concept of concept. We not only disagree about the analytic merits of competing conceptions among ourselves but, even as individuals, we tend not to endorse and consistently apply a single version …

Public Confidence, Judges, And Politics On And Off The Bench, Bruce A. Green, Rebecca Roiphe

Faculty Scholarship

Public confidence in the judiciary is at a low point. There are multiple reasons for the public’s waning faith in judges, but the perception that they are merely politicians in robes plays a significant part. This article analyzes the politicization of the judiciary and argues that while ideology invariably affects judicial decisionmaking, the professional identity of judges limits its impact. A commitment to judicial norms and processes as well as a concern for professional reputation serve as a real break on partisan loyalty and affiliation. The task is to preserve and promote this professional identity and convey to the public …

The Psychosocial Aspects Of Rest, Morgan Findley

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

Past research in sport sciences has focused primarily on “rest” from a physical perspective, while giving limited focus to the psychosocial perspective (Eccles & Riley, 2014; Eccles et al., 2022). One major development on psychosocial rest emerged with the pioneering model introduced by Eccles and Kazmier (2019); however, further research is needed to test this proposed model with other sport/performance populations. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the model's generalizability and investigate the perceived frequency of psychosocial rest by athletes throughout their season. To accomplish this, 67 female university athletes completed an online survey comprised of questions representative of the …

An Investigation Of Body Image And Eating Behaviors In Former Ncaa Heptathletes, Claire Bailey

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

Research consistently supports associations between body image dissatisfaction and disordered eating pathologies in collegiate athletes (e.g., Reel & Voelker, 2012; Sundgot-Borgen, 1994). More specifically, female NCAA athletes report feeling torn between peak performance body composition and body fat levels fitting ideal feminine standards (Beckner & Record, 2016; Carson et al., 2020). Examining track and field, most event groups hold a lean-promoting perspective. However, heptathletes warrant further investigation due to the multifaceted and contradictory nature of events. Specifically, heptathletes encounter complex pressures training for a wide range of physical demands, which can create confusion in expected body types (Heazlewood et al., …

Increasing Physical Activity: Parenting Style, Parental Perceptions, And Teacher Use And Self-Efficacy, Kendra Hansen

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

This dissertation consists of three papers aimed at varied ways to increase physical activity for youth. The first paper reviews research on hyper-parenting and its effects on physical activity. The systematic literature review revealed that little is known about hyper-parenting effects on physical activity, but limited evidence suggests a negative relationship between the two variables.

The second manuscript examines parents’ perceptions of physical activity and its effect on their children’s academics. Results showed some minor differences between ethnic groups and those whose children are more active. Although parents tended to agree that physical activity was important, most did not seem …

Influence Of Deception Of Task Duration On The Sex-Specific Physiological, Neuromuscular, And Affective Responses To Rpe-Clamp Cycle Ergometry, Pasquale Succi

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

Several theories exist to explain the interaction of sensory afferent feedback and efferent feedforward signals on the generation of a rating of perceived exertion (RPE) which influence endurance exercise pacing and performance. Within these theories, exists the premise that the expected duration of exercise plays a role within the generation of an individual’s RPE and their endurance performance. Previous work has demonstrated equivocal findings of this influence, while other research has suggested potential differences between males and females. However, an RPE-clamp model, where the external workload is modulated to maintain a constant perceptual intensity, has not previously been used to …

Biomechanics, Strength, And Physical Function After Surgical Repair Of Rotational Ankle Fractures, Benjamin Brightwell

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

Ankle Fractures account for approximately 9% of all lower extremity fractures and incidence continues to rise. Up to 53% of ankle fractures require surgical intervention. Impaired physical function is one of the most reported and observed lasting effects of surgically repaired ankle fractures. Additionally, limited physical capacity and function have been identified as the primary threats to health-related quality of life after surgical repair of ankle fractures. These impairments to physical capacity and functionality can last longer than 5 years after surgery. Since surgery typically successfully restores stability and congruency of the talocrural joint, these poor long-term outcomes are an …

Physical Education Teachers' Perceptions Of Their Pre-Service Teacher Education, Gunay Sen

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

Physical education plays a crucial role in fostering lifelong physical activity and contributing to the overall education of children. Effective PE teaching requires well-planned teacher education programs that align with contemporary educational standards and practices (Morgan & Bourke, 2005; Lu & Lorusso, 2016). This study addresses the gap between theoretical training and real-world teaching demands, emphasizing the need for ongoing professional development and alignment with current educational standards (Tinning, 2002; Siedentop, 1994). This dissertation explores the perceptions of physical education (PE) teachers regarding their pre-service teacher education (PETE) across four countries: Australia, England, the USA, and Türkiye. The aim is …

Understanding Intention And Behavior Of Practicing Yoga Through The Lens Of Theory Of Planned Behavior Specifically In Rural Communities; A Qualitative Study, Shelley Meyer

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

While there are known health benefits for participating in yoga, little has been studied on the intention and behavior for why individuals practice yoga especially through a theoretical lens and intense qualitative thematic analysis. Targeting the rural community considers other extenuating circumstances experienced by rural residents that can impact yoga participation in rural areas. Interviews were used to gain insight into a holistic viewpoint with the rich data bringing clarity to an individual’s thought process (of intention) to incorporate yoga (behavior) in their daily life. Utilizing the Theory of Planned Behavior as the theoretical framework for developing interview questions allowed …

Feasibility And Safety Of Early Post-Covid-19 High-Intensity Gait Training: A Pilot Study, Joakim Halvorsen, Christopher Henderson, Wendy Romney, Magnus Hågå, Tonje Barkenæs Eggen, Jan Egil Nordvik, Ingvild Rosseland, Jennifer Moore

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Background: The feasibility and safety of rehabilitation interventions for individuals recovering from COVID-19 after the acute stage is not well understood. This pilot study aims to provide a preliminary investigation of the feasibility and safety of providing high-intensity gait training (HIT) with a targeted cardiovascular intensity of 70–85% of the age-predicted maximum heart rate (HRmax) for individuals undergoing rehabilitation post-COVID-19. Methods: Consecutive patients who were medically cleared for HIT were invited to participate in the study. Participants practiced walking in varied contexts (treadmill, overground, and stairs), aiming to spend as much time as possible within their target cardiovascular intensity zone …

Audit Of Management Of Diabetic Ketoacidosis In Mansoura Specialized Medical Hospital, Walaa M Abd-El-Fatah, Omnia I State, Basma Z Elmorsy

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Egypt is listed among the world's top ten countries regarding the highest number of people with diabetes mellitus (DM). Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a medical emergency which is associated with significant mortality and morbidity in diabetic patients. It is also a common reason for hospitalization and thus is associated with significantly high costs. However, DKA is a potentially reversible condition provided that an emergency and immediate medical attention, appropriate diagnosis and therapy were provided.

Aim: auditing the adherence to protocol for the management of DKA in our Mansoura University Hospital (Specialized Medical Hospital) in Egypt from May 2021 to …

Factors Affecting Users’ Satisfaction With Telehealth Apps: Analysis Of User Reviews Using Bert, Abdullah Wahbeh, Tyler Howes, Omar F. El-Gayar, Raed Seetan, Mohammad Al-Ramahi

Research & Publications

Telehealth mobile apps and telehealth services are increasingly used by patients, particularly, post-COVID-19.This study examines factors related to users’ satisfaction with these apps and services by analyzing reviews from actual telehealth app users. A total of 53,209 reviews were collected from nine telehealth apps on the Google Play store. Using BERT embeddings, UMAP, and HDBSCAN, topics were generated and labeled to identify these factors. Results showed that telehealth app users expressed several factors related to satisfaction with telehealth apps, which could impact the acceptability and adoption of such apps. These include usability (ease of use), usefulness, convenience and efficiency, cost …

Critical Success Factors For Bi Systems Implementation And Delivery: A Systematic Literature Review, Badr Harfoush, Omar F. El-Gayar, Noura Mansoura

Research & Publications

Despite the widespread acquisition of business intelligence (BI) systems, their implementation has not always been successful. This study examines the critical success factors (CSFs) that impact the implementation of BI systems in organizations. The systematic literature review follows the guidelines of Kitchenham and Charter’s research that was published in 2007. A total of 93 articles published between 2011 and 2021 were analyzed for CSF related to BI systems implementation and delivery. The study identified 56 CSFs linked to organization empowerment & operations, 52 CSFs related to system implementation, and 28 CSFs associated with user enablement. The study found a paucity …

Attitudes And Perceptions Of Adoption Of Amusement Park Mobile Applications, Thomas Schrier

ICHRIE Research Reports

Many amusement parks across the US have developed mobile applications. Considering the potential business impact of mobile applications, it is important to understand amusement park visitors’ perceptions and attitudes toward mobile applications. This study proposes a conceptual model that incorporates variables from the technology acceptance model, the task-technology fit theory, and the theory of planned behavior. These variables will be used to investigate the attitudes, perceptions, and behavioral intentions of amusement park visitors. Structural Equation Modeling will be utilized to test the conceptual model. This study can provide amusement park operators with guidance for the improvement and efficiency of mobile …

Associations Between Physical Activity And Academic Achievement In Young Adolescents, Alex Wolfe

Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the associations between physical activity and academic achievement among young adolescents. A secondary aim of this study was to analyze differences in physical activity and academic achievement by SES and race/ethnicity. The sample consisted of 30 middle school students (10 boys and 20 girls) between the ages of 11.0- and 14.9-years. Partial correlation coefficients were calculated to examine the relationship between physical activity and academic achievement while controlling for SES and race/ethnicity. 2 x 2 factorial analysis of covariance were utilized to examine the differences in SES and race/ethnicity groups, as well as interactive effects within physical …

Prosocial Behavior And Workplace Safety: Analysis Of The Role Of Emotional Intelligence And Perceived Organizational Support In Two Uk And Us Samples, Giacomo Moserle, Giulia Foti, Georgia Libera Finstad, Andrea Bazzoli, Matteo Curcuruto, Jim Morgan

Publications and Research

Prosocial safety behavior (PSB) is a critical element of workforce participation in the promotion of safety in the workplace. This study aims to examine the influence of various antecedents on PSB. Based on an analysis of the existing literature on prosocial behaviors, we investigate whether emotional intelligence (EI) and perceived organizational support (POS) significantly influence PSB. Furthermore, we analyze the mediating role of employees’ intrinsic motivation (IM) and affective commitment (AC) in these relationships. The research was conducted by administering an online questionnaire to a large sample of 488 workers employed in safety-critical industries based in the United States and …

Transgenerational Effects Of Stress On The Plasma Proteome Of A Marine Mammal, Emily Voelkner

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The physiological stress response enables animals to respond to changes in their environment, and is mediated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in mammals. Increased activation of the HPA axis by repeated stress during critical life stages like reproduction could affect fitness. Information about a stressor can be communicated to offspring via hormone signals prenatally, or postnatally via milk, and affect offspring development and stress reactivity. Experimentally activating the HPA axis by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) administration results in the synthesis of the major glucocorticoid hormone cortisol, which has well-studied far-reaching effects on growth, metabolism, and immunity. Beyond cortisol levels alone, biomarkers …

Community Caretaking Exception Saves Lives . . . The Supreme Court Disagrees, Gabriella Lorenzo

Touro Law Review

As many are aware, the Fourth Amendment protects the people against unreasonable searches and seizures. A warrant is necessary for said activities. While there are a few exceptions to the warrant requirement, the Supreme Court recently held that the community caretaking exception does not extend to the home. Extending this exception to the home would allow police officers to enter and engage in functions that are unrelated to the investigation of a crime. Essentially, this exception would allow police to aid individuals and prevent serious, dangerous situations to protect the community. This Note discusses why the Supreme Court erred in …