Digital Commons Network^™

Recreational Mathematics: Where Is The Error?, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This short note is a funny problem for the trigonometry students!.

Soft Sets Extensions Used In Bioinformatics, Florentin Smarandache, Daniela Gifu

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This comprehensive review delves into the intricate realm of Soft Sets and their extensions, including HyperSoft Set, IndetermSoft Set, IndetermHyperSoft Set, and TreeSoft Set, within the context of biomedical data analysis. Soft Sets serve as a foundational framework for managing the inherent uncertainty and imprecision inherent in biological data, thereby facilitating informed decision-making and knowledge discovery. The exploration of Soft Set Products, particularly in the context of multiple soft sets, underscores their pivotal role in advancing biomedical research. By extending these concepts to HyperSoft Sets, researchers can unlock deeper insights into complex biological phenomena, enabling more accurate predictions and classification.

Logical Pluralism And Neutrosophy: Reflections On The Nature Of Truth, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The article explores the shift from classical binary logic (true and false) to a more complex landscape of logical frameworks. It introduces logical pluralism, which suggests that no single, universally accepted system of logic exists. The paper connects this idea to neutrosophy, a framework that extends fuzzy logic by incorporating a third value: indeterminacy. This triadic approach, where every proposition has a degree of truth (T), falsity (F), and indeterminacy (I), is particularly useful for managing incomplete or contradictory information. The author argues that different logical systems, like different tools, are suited for different problems, and that the …

Access And Utilisation Of Open Educational Resources By Academics And Students Among Tertiary Institutions In Tanzania, Pamela Patrick Bulugu, Jaffar Msafiri Ponera Dr.

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study investigated the use of open educational resources (OER) among academics and students at the Local Government Training Institute in Tanzania (LGTI). The study was premised on the pragmatism paradigm and deployed a mixed-methods research approach. An explanatory sequential design was used. The sample size comprised 55 respondents from LGTI who filled out questionnaires. Five library staff and two ICT staff were purposefully selected for interviews. Quantitative data was analysed using SPSS version 16, while qualitative data was thematically analysed based on the themes that emerged from the interview. The findings from the questionnaires and interviews established that academics …

Transformational Leadership Of Library Chiefs And Its Mediating Effect On Job Satisfaction And Quality Of Work-Life, Catherine Era, Estela Dequito

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

In this study, chief librarians in the Province of South Cotabato were asked to assess the mediating role that transformational leadership played in the relationship between job satisfaction and quality of work-life. This work used descriptive correlational and mediation techniques in a non-experimental quantitative research design. The researcher questionnaires utilized in the research were adjusted to the goals of the investigation. Through stratified sampling, 83 librarians were chosen to participate in the survey. The statistical techniques used to analyze and interpret the data are mean and Pearson's r. The researcher utilized Google Forms, an online survey tool, to collect the …

Job Satisfaction Of Lis Professionals: Comparative Analysis Of Public/Private Sector’S University Of Karachi Sindh, Pakistan, Abida Hashmani, Naweed Sehar Dr., Areeba Rafiq, Ghulam Fareed

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Abstract

Purpose of the study: the prime purpose of this research study is to investigate the fundamentals requirements for workplace satisfaction among library experts in both public and private sector university libraries of Karachi, Sindh.

Design / methodology/approach: the study explores the factors influencing the job satisfaction of Library professionals. Quantitative research design were used to accomplish the study further we have selected 150 professionals for this project. 95 where responded with complete data. The response ratio was 63% and Structured Questionnaire was used to gather data. The collected data were analyzed using statistical package SPSS- 5.

Findings: …

Institutional Factors As Determinants Of Perceived Quality Service Delivery By Personnel In University Libraries In Benue State, Nigeria, Doocivir Faith Annune, Olalekan Abiola Awujoola Dr.

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The university library is an integral part of the university, as it provides and ensures access to quality information resources and services. The quality of information services provided by university libraries depends on various factors including institutional factors. This study, thus, investigates institutional factors as determinants of perceived quality service delivery by personnel in university libraries in Benue State, Nigeria. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design. The population of the study comprised all 262 library personnel in four university libraries in Benue State, Nigeria. Total enumeration method was adopted and structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Data …

Library Factors And User Education As Determinants Of Library Use By Undergraduates In Two Universities In Oyo State, Nigeria, Abdulahi Mayowa Olaniyi, Olalekan Abiola Awujoola Dr.

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

University libraries play a crucial role in supporting the goals and values of universities across the globe. As a service provider, the university library needs to be used by members of the university community such as undergraduates. University libraries however have been observed to suffer adequate use by undergraduates probably because of the poor library factors or lack of adequate user education undergraduates. This study, thus, examines library factors and user education as determinants of library use by undergraduates in two universities in Oyo State, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population of the study comprised …

The Status Of Implementation Of Radio Frequency Identification (Rfid) Technology And Its Awareness Among Library Users And Professionals: A Study Of Central Library Of Jadavpur University, Kolkata, Soma Tanti, Anubhaw Kumar Suman, Dr. Madhu Patel

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The main aim of this study is to determine the status of implementing the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology in the central library of Jadavpur University, Kolkata; the other purpose is to increase awareness of RFID technology among library professionals and users of the library. RFID technology occurs in many areas of society, such as healthcare, marketing, libraries, etc. For this study, the users and library professionals of Jadavpur University have been selected. This study adopted the descriptive analytical research method, and quantitative and qualitative data were collected to achieve its objectives. The survey method has been used with the …

The Evolving Role Of Libraries In The Fourth Industrial Revolution: Navigating Digital Transformation, Abdullahi Olayinka Isiaka, Abdulfatai Soliu, Biliamin Abiola Aremu, Benjamin Adebisi Bamidele, Saidu Saba-Jibril, Adelani Rotimi Ibitoye

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Abstract

This article explores the transformative impact of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) on libraries and their pivotal role in navigating the challenges and opportunities brought forth by rapid technological advancements. Libraries, traditionally perceived as repositories of books and information, are undergoing a profound metamorphosis in the digital age. The 4IR, characterized by breakthroughs in Artificial Intelligence, the Internet of Things, and Data Analytics, demands a redefinition of the library’s purpose and services. The first section introduces the concept of the 4IR and its key technological advancements. Emphasis is placed on understanding the dynamic landscape of the 4IR and the …

Information Literacy Reflected Through Awareness And Use Of Information Among Sarpanches In Punjab During Covid, Poonam Saini, Satwinderpal Kaur Gill

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study attempts to examine the Information Literacy skills of Sarpanches during Covid-19 in Punjab. The main objectives of the study are to explore information needs, use of information sources and general awareness of Sarpanches during the Pandemic. Survey method was used to collect data from 103 sarpanches of different districts of Punjab with the help of a self-structured questionnaire. The study found that sarpanches have shown good Information Literacy skills during Pandemic. They were well informed and aware about different aspects of Covid-19 such as origin, safety measures, government instructions etc. State government was also successful to achieve its …

Influence Of User Satisfaction On Library Patronage Among Postgraduate Students In Ladoke Akintola University Of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria, Adeola Adesoji Arinola Ph.D, Olatundun Oluwatoyin Oyewunmi Phd, Adewale Joel Sobalaje, Ezekiel Tubosun Olatunji

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study investigated the correlation between user satisfaction and library patronage among postgraduate students at Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria. A questionnaire was developed for data collection and validated, demonstrating a good reliability, with a coefficient of 0.847 (84.7%) for library patronage and 0.823 (82.3%) for user satisfaction. 120 responses were obtained and analyzed based on descriptive statistics (percentage, mean, average mean, and standard deviation) as well as inferential (Pearson Product Moment Correlation) statistics. The findings revealed a significant correlation between library patronage and user satisfaction (r= 0.000c, N = 120, P < 0.05) among postgraduate students of the University. The study concluded that adequate library customer care services and prioritizing meeting the essential needs of postgraduate students would enhance their satisfaction and consequently increase their library patronage. It was recommended that the university administration, in collaboration with the library management, address the issues that hinder effective utilization of the university library.

Influence Of Information System On Decision Making By Secondary School Administration In Obio/Akpor Local Government Area In Rivers State, Chidimma Evangeline Onwuagbaizu, Dagogo Alu Longjohn

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study investigated the role of information systems on decision making by secondary school administration in Obio/Akpor LGA. The study was a descriptive survey. The study was guided by two objectives and research questions. The population of the study comprised all the 5 senior secondary schools in Obio/Akpor LGA, in Rivers State with 38 school administrators. A multistage sampling technique which included simple random and purposive sampling technique were adopted. The instrument for data collection was questionnaire titled Information system and decision making of Senior Secondary Schools questionnaire. Cronbanch Alpha was used to ascertain the reliability of the instrument, a …

Protecting Feminist Culture Through Feminine Register In Speculative Fiction: Linking Curriculum And Reading For Pleasure In Nsw High Schools., Abdul Baseer

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This paper presents a case for speculative fiction’s potential to uphold the feminist cause in our current global scenario of male violence. Young Adult (YA) and children’s speculative fiction around feminist themes should be included in high school libraries for pleasure for reading and forms of support to the current curriculum and to address contemporary social issues including patriarchy and less space for feminist agency. This writing suggests five titles in current speculative fiction built around the feminine register for inclusion in a New South Wales high school’s library collection targeting stages 5 and 6 students and linked to the …

Usability Evaluation Of Library Management System: A User Experience Approach, Mehdi Sohrabzadeh, Shafi Habibi, Taha Samad-Soltani, Amir Torab-Miandoab

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The usability evaluation of library management systems is important to improve the provision of library service. The present study aimed to evaluate the usability of Azarsa Library Management System based on the user experience. In this research, 200 users of Azarsa library management system were selected as study samples by a simple random sampling method. The 26-item user experience questionnaire was used to collect data. The highest scores relating to mean data of the evaluation of Azarsa library management system belonged to the system's "perspicuity" with a mean of 0.772, "dependability" of system with a mean of 0.550, and the …

Prospects And Challenges Of Library Collaboraton In Changing World, Eze Onwuzurike Jane

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The paper investigates the prospects and challenges of library collaboration in the era of global change. It delved into the purpose of establishing libraries and concept of library collaboration. The paper evaluate collaboration as a process where two or more libraries work together to achieve common goals. It analyses collaboration as a global trend where libraries share open resources and engaged in networking activities. It discusses rationale to collaboration by drawing examples from stakeholder engagement, feasibility study, capacity building, people, organization and change. The paper examines prospects of collaboration among libraries which includes application of ICT in collaboration, cost saving, …

Disaster Management In Public Sector University Libraries In Karachi, Sameem Kardar, Muhammad Waseem Zia

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The purpose of this study was to examine the level of staff preparedness towards disaster management in public sector university libraries situated in Karachi. Survey research method was adopted for the study. The data collection tool consisted of questionnaires and interviews. This paper is based on the preliminary findings of M.Phil. research “Preservation and Conservation Techniques Adopted by Public Sector University Libraries”. For the interview, a face-to-face interactive session was held between the researcher and the university librarian on issues of Disaster Prevention Management Plan in the Library. There are 9 public sector universities in Karachi, libraries of all 9 …

Benchmarking Library And Information Science Journals: A Comparative Study Of Sjr Rankings In The Asiatic Region, Debalina Bhattacharyya, Sailendra Malik, Sukumar Mandal

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Purpose

The paper represents the country-wise distribution and ranking of LIS journals which are published in Asiatic Region through the medium of the Scimago Journal & Country Rank. The work can give idea about the current position and scenario of the Asian LIS journals. The paper can help the researchers and Library professionals to choose the journal of their choice, to publish the article on the journals and to know about the quality and prestige of the journal.

Methodology

This study was based on Scopus’s SJR database. The relevant data of 15 LIS journals in Asiatic Region was analysed and …

Examining The Influence Of Capital Investments On Library Enhancements, Faculty Development, And Sponsored Projects In A Top 20 Nirf Ranked University: An Investigation, Debdas Mondal

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study delves into the 2017-2019 NIRF rankings of India's top 20 universities, examining factors such as library spending, faculty quality, and sponsored projects. Despite varying expenditures, some universities displayed unexpected performances in rankings. The study suggests strategies for universities to enhance performance and rankings, aiming to uncover correlations between NIRF ranks and factors like library expenditure, research student count, faculty numbers, and sponsored projects. Data for the study were collected through web content analysis, primarily sourced from the official websites of NIRF. Among the top 20 universities, only IISc, Bengaluru consistently excelled across these factors. Manipal Academy of Higher …

Privobfnet: A Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation Model For Data Protection, Chiat Pin Tay, Vigneshwaran Subbaraju, Thivya Kandappu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The use of social media has made it easy to communicate and share information over the internet. However, it also brings issues such as data privacy leakage, which can be exploited by recipients with malicious intentions to harm the sender. In this paper, we propose a deep neural network that analyzes user’s image for privacy sensitive content and automatically locates sensitive regions for obfuscation. Our approach relies solely on image level annotations and learns to (a) predict an overall privacy score, (b) detect sensitive attributes and (c) demarcate the sensitive regions for obfuscation, in a given input image. We validated …

A Secure And Robust Knowledge Transfer Framework Via Stratified-Causality Distribution Adjustment In Intelligent Collaborative Services, Ju Jia, Siqi Ma, Lina Wang, Yang Liu, Robert H. Deng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The rapid development of device-edge-cloud collaborative computing techniques has actively contributed to the popularization and application of intelligent service models. The intensity of knowledge transfer plays a vital role in enhancing the performance of intelligent services. However, the existing knowledge transfer methods are mainly implemented through data fine-tuning and model distillation, which may cause the leakage of data privacy or model copyright in intelligent collaborative systems. To address this issue, we propose a secure and robust knowledge transfer framework through stratified-causality distribution adjustment (SCDA) for device-edge-cloud collaborative services. Specifically, a simple yet effective density-based estimation is first employed to obtain …

Causal Disentangled Recommendation Against User Preference Shifts, Wenjie Wang, Xinyu Lin, Liuhui Wang, Fuli Feng, Yunshan Ma, Tat‑Seng Chua

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Recommender systems easily face the issue of user preference shifts. User representations will become outof-date and lead to inappropriate recommendations if user preference has shifted over time. To solve theissue, existing work focuses on learning robust representations or predicting the shifting pattern. Therelacks a comprehensive view to discover the underlying reasons for user preference shifts. To understand thepreference shift, we abstract a causal graph to describe the generation procedure of user interaction sequences.Assuming user preference is stable within a short period, we abstract the interaction sequence as a set ofchronological environments. From the causal graph, we find that the changes …

Glance To Count: Learning To Rank With Anchors For Weakly-Supervised Crowd Counting, Zheng Xiong, Liangyu Chai, Wenxi Liu, Yongtuo Liu, Sucheng Ren, Shengfeng He

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Crowd image is arguably one of the most laborious data to annotate. In this paper, we devote to reduce the massive demand of densely labeled crowd data, and propose a novel weakly-supervised setting, in which we leverage the binary ranking of two images with highcontrast crowd counts as training guidance. To enable training under this new setting, we convert the crowd count regression problem to a ranking potential prediction problem. In particular, we tailor a Siamese Ranking Network that predicts the potential scores of two images indicating the ordering of the counts. Hence, the ultimate goal is to assign appropriate …

Cooperative Trucks And Drones For Rural Last-Mile Delivery With Steep Roads, Jiuhong Xiao, Ying Li, Zhiguang Cao, Jianhua Xiao

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The cooperative delivery of trucks and drones promises considerable advantages in delivery efficiency and environmental friendliness over pure fossil fuel fleets. As the prosperity of rural B2C e-commerce grows, this study intends to explore the prospect of this cooperation mode for rural last-mile delivery by developing a green vehicle routing problem with drones that considers the presence of steep roads (GVRPD-SR). Realistic energy consumption calculations for trucks and drones that both consider the impacts of general factors and steep roads are incorporated into the GVRPD-SR model, and the objective is to minimize the total energy consumption. To solve the proposed …

Affinity Uncertainty-Based Hard Negative Mining In Graph Contrastive Learning, Chaoxi Niu, Guansong Pang, Ling Chen

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Hard negative mining has shown effective in enhancing self-supervised contrastive learning (CL) on diverse data types, including graph CL (GCL). The existing hardness-aware CL methods typically treat negative instances that are most similar to the anchor instance as hard negatives, which helps improve the CL performance, especially on image data. However, this approach often fails to identify the hard negatives but leads to many false negatives on graph data. This is mainly due to that the learned graph representations are not sufficiently discriminative due to oversmooth representations and/or non-independent and identically distributed (non-i.i.d.) issues in graph data. To tackle this …

Remote Multi-Person Heart Rate Monitoring With Smart Speakers: Overcoming Separation Constraint, Ngoc Doan Thu Tran, Dong Ma, Rajesh Krishna Balan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Heart rate is a key vital sign that can be used to understand an individual’s health condition. Recently, remote sensing techniques, especially acoustic-based sensing, have received increasing attention for their ability to non-invasively detect heart rate via commercial mobile devices such as smartphones and smart speakers. However, due to signal interference, existing methods have primarily focused on monitoring a single user and required a large separation between them when monitoring multiple people. These limitations hinder many common use cases such as couples sharing the same bed or two or more people located in close proximity. In this paper, we present …

Provably Secure Decisions Based On Potentially Malicious Information, Dongxia Wang, Tim Muller, Jun Sun

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

There are various security-critical decisions routinely made, on the basis of information provided by peers: routing messages, user reports, sensor data, navigational information, blockchain updates, etc. Jury theorems were proposed in sociology to make decisions based on information from peers, which assume peers may be mistaken with some probability. We focus on attackers in a system, which manifest as peers that strategically report fake information to manipulate decision making. We define the property of robustness: a lower bound probability of deciding correctly, regardless of what information attackers provide. When peers are independently selected, we propose an optimal, robust decision mechanism …

Active Code Learning: Benchmarking Sample-Efficient Training Of Code Models, Qiang Hu, Yuejun Guo, Xiaofei Xie, Maxime Cordy, Lei Ma, Mike Papadakis, Yves Le Traon

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The costly human effort required to prepare the training data of machine learning (ML) models hinders their practical development and usage in software engineering (ML4Code), especially for those with limited budgets. Therefore, efficiently training models of code with less human effort has become an emergent problem. Active learning is such a technique to address this issue that allows developers to train a model with reduced data while producing models with desired performance, which has been well studied in computer vision and natural language processing domains. Unfortunately, there is no such work that explores the effectiveness of active learning for code …

Dynamic Meta-Path Guided Temporal Heterogeneous Graph Neural Networks, Yugang Ji, Chuan Shi, Yuan Fang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become the de facto standard for representation learning on topological graphs, which usually derive effective node representations via message passing from neighborhoods. Although GNNs have achieved great success, previous models are mostly confined to static and homogeneous graphs. However, there are multiple dynamic interactions between different-typed nodes in real-world scenarios like academic networks and e-commerce platforms, forming temporal heterogeneous graphs (THGs). Limited work has been done for representation learning on THGs and the challenges are in two aspects. First, there are abundant dynamic semantics between nodes while traditional techniques like meta-paths can only capture static …

Enabling Ai And Robotic Coaches For Physical Rehabilitation Therapy: Iterative Design And Evaluation With Therapists And Post-Stroke Survivors, Min Hun Lee, Daniel Siewiorek, Asim Smailagic, Alexandre Bernardino, Sergi Bermúdez I Badia

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Artificial intelligence (AI) and robotic coaches promise the improved engagement of patients on rehabilitation exercises through social interaction. While previous work explored the potential of automatically monitoring exercises for AI and robotic coaches, the deployment of these systems remains a challenge. Previous work described the lack of involving stakeholders to design such functionalities as one of the major causes. In this paper, we present our efforts on eliciting the detailed design specifications on how AI and robotic coaches could interact with and guide patient’s exercises in an effective and acceptable way with four therapists and five post-stroke survivors. Through iterative …