Digital Commons Network^™

Trial Selection And Estimating Damages Equations, Keith N. Hylton

Faculty Scholarship

Many studies have employed regression analysis with data drawn from court opinions. For example, an analyst might use regression analysis to determine the factors that explain the size of damages awards or the factors that determine the probability that the plaintiff will prevail at trial or on appeal. However, the full potential of multiple regression analysis in legal research has not been realized, largely because of the sample selection problem. We propose a method for controlling for sample selection bias using data from court opinions.

Race, Racial Bias, And Imputed Liability Murder, Perry Moriearty, Kat Albrecht, Caitlin Glass

Faculty Scholarship

Even within the sordid annals of American crime and punishment, the doctrines of felony murder and accomplice liability murder stand out. Because they allow states to impose their harshest punishments on defendants who never intended, anticipated, or even caused death, legal scholars have long questioned their legitimacy. What surprisingly few scholars have addressed, however, is who bears the brunt.

This Article is one of the first to explore the racialized impact of the two most controversial and ubiquitous forms of what we call “imputed liability murder.” An analysis of ten years of murder prosecutions in the state of Minnesota reveals …

How Bad Is Bad Enough?: Gatekeeping A Tenant's Right To 100% Habitable Housing, Sean Ahern

Faculty Scholarship

Tenants seeking to defend against eviction and to correct substandard conditions in their homes are hamstrung. Even in jurisdictions with “progressive housing policies,” there are steep doctrinal hurdles placed in front of tenants who try to establish a breach of the warranty of habitability and to defend against eviction. Such obstacles are baked directly into the judicial system and the standards that the judiciary applies in practice. While there are many systemic barriers to tenants vindicating themselves of the right to a fully habitable home, the most perniciously overlooked offender is a “substantiality” standard which trial court judges use to …

Explaining Variation In Adoption Of Organizational Innovation: A Social Network Approach, Pooria Assadi

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

This article draws from the social network theory and examines how a social network approach can contribute to our understanding of the variation in the adoption of innovative, organization-wide information systems that can help businesses achieve sustainable competitive advantage. It highlights how the extant explanations for the adoption of information systems are limited in the way that they primarily assume organizations make innovation adoption decisions in isolation. It does so by building on growing research which recognizes that organizations are not isolated from one another; rather, they are interrelated through their inter-organizational networks which provide unique learning opportunities that are …

How Does Digitalisation Transform Business Models In Ropax Ports? A Multi-Site Study Of Port Authorities, Yiran Chen, Anastasia Tsvetkova, Kristel Edelman, Irina Wahlström, Marikka Heikkila, Magnus Hellström

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

This article investigates the relationship between digitalisation and business model changes in RoPax ports. The study is based on six RoPax ports in Northern Europe, examining their digitalisation efforts and the resulting changes in their business models, leading to further digital transformation. The paper offers insights by reviewing relevant literature on digitalisation’s role in business model innovation and its application in ports. The findings reveal that digitalisation supports relevant business model changes concerning port operation integration within logistics chains, communication, documentation flow, and cargo flow optimisation. However, exploring digitalisation’s potential for diversifying value propositions is still limited. Most digitalisation efforts …

An Empirical Study To Understand The Role Of Institution-Based Trust And Its Antecedents In Iot Adoption By Individuals, Anupam Kumar Nath, Amit Kumar Nath

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

ABSTRACT

The Internet of Things (IoT) enables the connection between humans, physical objects, and cyber objects, resulting in monitoring, automation, and decision-making capabilities. This connection can be complex and lead to uncertainty for individuals before adopting IoT technology. To address this, we conducted research on the role of Institution-based trust in the context of IoT adoption. Our model for IoT adoption is based on existing literature and includes the components of Institution-based trust and its antecedents. Through empirical testing, we confirmed that Institution-based trust positively affects IoT adoption at the individual level. Additionally, we found that User confirmation/disconfirmation and familiarity …

Media And Internet Censorship In India: A Study Of Its History And Political-Economy, Ramesh Subramanian

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

The Indian Constitution, which came into force on January 26, 1950, guarantees various fundamental rights, such as the freedom of speech and expression, freedom of religion, rights to form association, as well as rights to privacy. Yet, since the adoption of the Constitution, the Indian citizen has been subject to varying degrees of media censorship and surveillance. This paper seeks to delve into the historical evolution of media and Internet censorship and surveillance in India. It shows how media censorship of varying types have existed since the British colonists introduced restrictive laws in order to expand and control the native …

What Can We Learn From A Co-Creation Journey For A Quick Scan Digital Transformation Maturity Assessment Tool For Development Ngos?, Anand Sheombar

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

This paper describes the approach and lessons learned from a co-creation process with Dutch development NGOs to create a practical and easy-to-use assessment tool for practitioners to assess the organisation's maturity level of digital transformation. For this study, we applied a design science research methodology, specifically a six-step co-creation approach suitable for developing maturity models. The digital maturity assessment tool (quick scan) created is a domain- specific digital transformation maturity tool for development NGOs rather than a generally applicable tool. This artefact was evaluated using an eight-point Requirements framework for the development of digital maturity assessment tools. By developing a …

The Uber Conundrum: Analysing The Worker Rights Of Uber Drivers In India, Shantanu Braj Choubey

National Law School Journal

This article analyses the impact of the proposed labour codes and the UK Supreme Court judgement in Uber BV vs Aslam to assess the legal status of Uber drivers under Indian labour laws. Uber is one of the biggest cab aggregators in India, both in terms of revenue and the number of drivers associated with it. However, the labour rights of such drivers still fall in the shadows. This has led to several instances of dispute between the drivers, governments and the company. While the law concerning the legal status of drivers with respect to Uber is increasingly being settled …

Sieving Silence: The Communal Question And The Archive Of Indian Constitutional History, Kanika Gauba

National Law School Journal

This paper shows how the archive of Indian constitutional history limits access to constitutional disagreement. It attempts an alternative framing of the issue of political safeguards for religious minorities (‘the communal question’) as a triangle of disagreement among the Sikhs, the Anglo‑Indians, and Sardar Vallabhbhai Jhaverbhai Patel. However, the task is complicated by the silence in the official archives on all three actors. If, as critical historians argue, silence is the very condition of the archive and the writing of history, this paper argues that the historian must ‘sieve’ the inevitably silent archives of Indian constitutional history for perturbations, follow …

Sovereignty, International Law, And The Princely States Of Colonial South Asia By Priyasha Saksena (Oxford University Press 2023), Aryan Tulsyan, Prabhash Ranjan

National Law School Journal

Sovereignty, International Law, and the Princely States of Colonial South Asia by Priyasha Saksena is a significant academic intervention into understanding South Asia. The author maps how the various actors—the princely states, the British Crown, the East India Company (the company), and the anti-colonial nationalists—used international law, especially the vernacular of sovereignty, to advance their arguments and achieve their goals during the colonial struggle.

The Supreme Court And The Challenges For Fiscal Federalism: Mineral Area Development Authority V Steel Authority Of India, Sanyukta Chowdhury, Amit Chowdhury

National Law School Journal

This case comment analyses the 2024 Supreme Court judgement in Mineral Area Development Authority v Steel Authority of India, in which the court upheld the states’ power to tax mineral rights and mineral-bearing land. The authors discuss the issues involved, the approach of the bench towards interpretation, and the implications for the parties to the case and other stakeholders. They argue that while fiscal federalism is crucial to India’s constitutional scheme, the bench had limited leeway in deciding the case on this basis due to the absence of legal, doctrinal, and factual clarity.

Gender In The Making Of The Constitution: Proposals For A Feminist Inquiry Into Indian Constitutional History, Achyut Chetan

National Law School Journal

A feminist inquiry into the framing of the Indian Constitution must retrieve and see the interventions of the women members of the Constituent Assembly for what they historically represent, namely, a feminist authorial voice that was developed over a period of time by the pre-Independence women’s movement in India. For a proper understanding of this voice, we must understand the gendered character of the Constituent Assembly, its architecture, its procedures, the dynamics of the gendered relations among its members, and above all, the performative aspects of the debates. This inquiry must also investigate the language employed by the members and …

Is The Job Performance Of Tourism Academicians Related To Their Emotional Intelligence?, Leyla Tokgöz, Zennube Işık, Mehmet Fatih Işık

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The aim of the research is to determine whether the job performances of tourism academics in Türkiye are related to emotional intelligence. Further, this research is an endeavor to investigate whether emotional intelligence and job performance differ according to demographic variables. “Job Performance Scale” adapted by Yang and Hwang (2014) was used to measure the job performance of academicians. In addition to that “Rotterdam Emotional Intelligence Scale” developed by Pekaar, Bakker, Linden, and Born (2017) and adapted to Turkish by Tanrıöğen and Türker (2019) was used to measure their emotional intelligence. The research sample consists of academicians working in Tourism …

′Symbols′ As Expression Tools Of Islam And Their Usage Methods In Palace Architecture, Bora Bingöl, Namiq Abbasov, Shahla Abbasova

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Islamic architecture consists of religion, politics, philosophy, and aesthetics. The religious expression of symbols in Islamic architecture is also extremely important in architecture. These religious symbols, which are used in palace buildings and generally in administrative places in the Islamic world, are shaped depending on the function of the buildings. In this period, the palace complexes were considered to be the most important structures representing state politics and economy. In this study, the purposes and methods of use of religious symbols used in many palace complexes of Islamic architecture were investigated. While investigating the main source and usage rules of …

An Ecocritical Approach To Fyodor Abramov's Story "What Do The Horses Cry About", Badegül Can Emir

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Human's destructive behaviors toward the environment also harm animals. Fyodor Abramov's story, “What Do The Horses Cry About”. focuses on this issue. While this story reflects the world through the eyes of an animal, it reveals people's changing behaviors towards animals. The study tries to read the changing attitude of man toward nature in the modern age on the axis of Fyodor Abramov's story called “What Do The Horses Cry About”. On the other hand, it tries to understand how the relationship between the human and other living things has penetrated the fiction of the story. It shall be emphasized …

Redefining Nationalism And Patriotism In Iran And Azerbaijan: Exploring Fathali Akhundzade's Modernist Perspective, Muharrem Bagir

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Fathali Akhundzade emerged as a preeminent figure among Muslim intellectuals and modernists of the nineteenth century, whose intellectual legacy profoundly impacted societies in Azerbaijan, Iran, and Turkey. For the first time, he proposed various concepts and ideas, including Islamic Protestantism, alphabet reform and modern education, as well as nationalism, ideas that are still controversial. Among his ideas, those regarding religion and patriotism have been more controversial than others, so that many scholars have offered conflicting interpretations of his ideas. For example, many in Iran consider him the founder of Persian nationalism, while others primarily in Azerbaijan and Turkey portray him …

Audiovisual Translation: A Case Study Of What We Wanted, Evren Barut, M.Cem Odacıoğlu, Fadimə Çoban

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This study examines the English and Turkish subtitles of the German Netflix film Was Wir Wollten based on its dubbed version. In the film, main characters Alice and Niklas speak Standard High German (Hochdeutsch), while Christl communicates in South Tyrolean German, a distinct dialect, with her husband Romed and their children. To highlight cultural contrasts between the families, Saran Digital Studios, responsible for the Turkish subtitles and dubbing, made a notable localization decision: they replaced South Tyrolean German with Aegean Turkish in the dubbed version. According to interviews with Saran Digital Studios and Netflix officials, various Turkish dialects, including the …

Linguistic Quips As The Soul Of Satire In Abu’S Subversive Political Cartoons, Neha Khurana

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The effectiveness of satirical political cartoons, especially in times of strict censorship, may be explained through their use of linguistic quips that complement the brevity and immediacy of the visual medium well. Several techniques within linguistic quips may be understood through the theories of Henri Bergson and Arthur Koestler that are drawn upon in this paper. However, it is through an analysis of the subjects and objects of these linguistic quips that we understand the subversive nature of the laughter produced through these quips. Linguistic quips, in addition to providing at least a minor, though inconsistent, protection from censorious authorities …

Optimizing Microbe-Infected Mosquito Release: A Stochastic Model For Malaria Prevention, Steeven Belvinos Affognon, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Philip Ngare, Benard Kipchumba Kiplangat, Shirley Abelman, Jeremy K. Herren

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Malaria remains a critical public health challenge in Africa, demanding innovative control strategies. This study introduces a novel approach using Microsporidia MB-infected mosquitoes and stochastic optimal control within a Lévy process framework to regulate mosquito release strategies. The primary goal is to optimize Microsporidia MB prevalence within mosquito populations to disrupt Plasmodium transmission to humans. By incorporating Lévy noise into the modeling process, we capture the inherent randomness of mosquito dynamics, improving intervention accuracy. The model, guided by the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJB) equation, optimizes release protocols while accounting for key environmental factors like seasonality and temperature fluctuations. Results show that intervention …

A Worldwide Overview Of The Status And Prospects Of Edible Insect Production, R. Caparros Megido, F. Francis, E. Haubruge, P. Le Gall, J. K. Tomberlin, C. D. Miranda, H. R. Jordan, C. J. Picard, M. J.M. Pino, J. Ramos-Elordy, E. Katz, K. B. Barragán-Fonseca, E. M. Costa-Neto, R. Ponce-Reyes, G. Wijffels, S. Ghosh, C. Jung, Y. S. Han, B. Conti, A. Vilcinskas, C. M. Tanga, M. O. Kababu, D. Beesigamukama, J. A. Morales Ramos, A. Van Huis

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

There has been continuous and growing interest in edible insects. Worldwide, various levels of insect farming are emerging, ranging from small domestic farms to vertical farms reaching heights of 36 meters, accommodating several million growing insects. The appeal of insects lies in their ecological benefits, as they contribute to the valorization of unde-rutilized organic residues while requiring minimal space and water. The selection of insect species is influenced not only by their biology and behavior but also by local preferences and customs, varying with the scale of production and geographi-cal location. This review article aims to provide an updated overview …

Bacteria Associated With Parthenium Hysterophorus Root Exudate Influence Olfactory Oviposition Responses Of Anopheles Gambiae, Trizah K. Milugo, Baldwyn Torto, David P. Tchouassi

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Introduction: Previously, we documented that the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae responds to volatile emissions from the root exudate water of the invasive plant, Parthenium hysterophorus. However, the origin of the volatiles remains to be investigated. Here, we isolated bacteria from the root exudate water of the plant, test the influence of their volatiles in gravid An. gambiae oviposition, and examined relationships between volatile profiles and oviposition. Methods: Bacteria from root exudate water of P. hysterophorus were isolated using culture on Luria Bertani medium and identified by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. Cultures of individual isolates were evaluated for egg laying …

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings In Kenyans And South Africans With Active Convulsive Epilepsy: An Observational Study, Symon M. Kariuki, Ryan Wagner, Roxana Gunny, Felice D'Arco, Martha Kombe, Anthony Ngugi, Steven White, Rachel Odhiambo, Helen Cross, Josemir Sander

Population Health, East Africa

Objective: Focal epilepsy is common in low- and middle-income countries. The frequency and nature of possible underlying structural brain abnormalities have, however, not been fully assessed.

Methods: We evaluated the possible structural causes of epilepsy in 331 people with epilepsy (240 from Kenya and 91 from South Africa) identified from community surveys of active convulsive epilepsy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were acquired on 1.5-Tesla scanners to determine the frequency and nature of any underlying lesions. We estimated the prevalence of these abnormalities using Bayesian priors (from an earlier pilot study) and observed data (from this study). We used a …

Implementation Framework For Income Generating Activities Identified By Community Health Volunteers (Chvs): A Strategy To Reduce Attrition Rate In Kilifi County, Kenya., Roselyter Riang’A, Njeri Nyanja, Adelaide Lusambili, Eunice Muthoni, Cyprian Mostert, Anthony Ngugi, Joshua Ehrlich, Paul Clyde

Population Health, East Africa

Background; Despite the proven efficacy of Community Health Volunteers (CHVs) in promoting primary healthcare in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), they are not adequately fnanced and compensated. The latter contributes to the challenge of high attrition rates observed in many settings, highlighting an urgent need for innovative compensation strategies for CHVs amid budget constraints experienced by healthcare systems. This study sought to identify strategies for implementing Income-Generating Activities (IGAs) for CHVs in Kilif County in Kenya to improve their livelihoods, increase motivation, and reduce attrition.

Methods; An exploratory qualitative research study design was used, which consisted of Focus group discussions …

Evaluation Of The Role Of Prolactin To Prevent Diabetic Retinopathy, Suliman A. Suliman

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Abstract:

Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a one of the long-term complications of DM and constitutes the leading cause of blindness in working-age individuals and affects a majority of diabetic patients by 20 years after disease onset.

Objective: The aim of this study it investigation of the potential role of prolactin in the prevention of Diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: The study was conducted on 90 diabetic patients who were divided into a group that included 37 patients without retinopathy and a group that included 27 patients with non-proliferative retinopathy and 26 patients with proliferative retinopathy who attended the Endocrinology clinic and …

Dental Conditions In Patients With Psychiatric Disorders – A Pilot Study, Viraj Borgamwar, Kishor M, Ashwini Ts, Pradeep Kumar P C

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Background: Individuals with mental illness are vulnerable to developing many physical health issues, as their oral health deteriorates due to poor self-hygiene associated with mental illness. Therefore, this pilot study was undertaken to assess the dental status of individuals with mental illness.

Method: This cross-sectional study involved 61 psychiatric patients recruited from psychiatry department. Psychiatric diagnosis was finalized as per ICD 10 criteria and dental conditions were assessed by consultant dentist.

Results: The study included 61 patients, with 31 (51%) men and 30 (49%) women aged 18 to 60 years. Most patients (54%) were urban residents, and 46% were rural. …

Umbrella Review As A Data Collection Tool: Towards Observation, Analysis, And Empirical Transformation Of Qualitative Drivers Describing Healthcare Workforce Shortage Factors Into Quantitative Data To Support Medical Education Interventions In A Global Challenge., Fabio Galli, Marco Grech

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

A healthcare workforce shortage of 18 million is expected by 2030, against a global demand of 80 million, and it is difficult to analyse and monitor the real drivers driving this personnel shortage on a global level. The transformation of qualitative data into quantitative data can be a strategy in this global challenge, that can implement the medical education intervention strategies.

Medical Expenditures And The Measurement Of Poverty In The United States, Luke Petach, David Wyant

Faculty Scholarship

Using data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) we estimate the fraction of the US population that is health poor. A person is health poor if their income prior to paying health insurance premiums and out-of-pocket healthcare costs is above the poverty line, but their income net-of-premiums and out-of-pocket healthcare costs is below the poverty line. Because resources used to finance health insurance premiums and out-of-pocket costs are (A) lexicographically preferred and (B) cannot be used to maintain an individual’s standard of living, they should be excluded from official poverty estimates. Approximately 1% to 2% of the US population …