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2024

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Articles 35401 - 35430 of 43955

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Extreme Drought Impacts Have Been Underestimated In Grasslands And Shrublands Globally, Melinda D. Smith, Kate D. Wilkins, Martin C. Holdrege, Peter Wilfahrt, Scott L. Collins, Alan K. Knapp, Osvaldo E. Sala, Jeffrey S. Dukes, Richard P. Phillips, Laura Yahdjian, Laureano A. Gherardi, Timothy Ohlert, Claus Beier, Lauchlan H. Fraser, Anke Jentsch, Michael E. Loik, Fernando T. Maestre, Sally A. Power, Qiang Yu, Andrew J. Felton, Seth M. Munson, Yiqi Luo, Hamed Abdoli, Mehdi Abedi, Concepción L. Alados, Juan Alberti, Moshe Alon, Hui An, Brian Anacker, Maggie Anderson, Harald Auge, Seton Bachle, Khadijeh Bahalkeh, Michael Bahn, Amgaa Batbaatar, Taryn Bauerle, Karen H. Beard, Et. Al. Jan 2024

Extreme Drought Impacts Have Been Underestimated In Grasslands And Shrublands Globally, Melinda D. Smith, Kate D. Wilkins, Martin C. Holdrege, Peter Wilfahrt, Scott L. Collins, Alan K. Knapp, Osvaldo E. Sala, Jeffrey S. Dukes, Richard P. Phillips, Laura Yahdjian, Laureano A. Gherardi, Timothy Ohlert, Claus Beier, Lauchlan H. Fraser, Anke Jentsch, Michael E. Loik, Fernando T. Maestre, Sally A. Power, Qiang Yu, Andrew J. Felton, Seth M. Munson, Yiqi Luo, Hamed Abdoli, Mehdi Abedi, Concepción L. Alados, Juan Alberti, Moshe Alon, Hui An, Brian Anacker, Maggie Anderson, Harald Auge, Seton Bachle, Khadijeh Bahalkeh, Michael Bahn, Amgaa Batbaatar, Taryn Bauerle, Karen H. Beard, Et. Al.

Wildland Resources Faculty Publications

Climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of short-term (~1 y) drought events—the most common duration of drought—globally. Yet the impact of this intensification of drought on ecosystem functioning remains poorly resolved. This is due in part to the widely disparate approaches ecologists have employed to study drought, variation in the severity and duration of drought studied, and differences among ecosystems in vegetation, edaphic and climatic attributes that can mediate drought impacts. To overcome these problems and better identify the factors that modulate drought responses, we used a coordinated distributed experiment to quantify the impact of short-term drought on …

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Naturally Derived Phenethyl Isothiocyanate Modulates Induction Of Oxidative Stress Via Its N-Acetylated Cysteine Conjugated Form In Malignant Melanoma, Sotiris Kyriakou, Nikoletta Demosthenous, Tom Amery, Kyle J. Stewart, Paul G. Winyard, Rodrigo Franco, Aglaia Pappa, Mihalis I. Panayiotidis Jan 2024

Naturally Derived Phenethyl Isothiocyanate Modulates Induction Of Oxidative Stress Via Its N-Acetylated Cysteine Conjugated Form In Malignant Melanoma, Sotiris Kyriakou, Nikoletta Demosthenous, Tom Amery, Kyle J. Stewart, Paul G. Winyard, Rodrigo Franco, Aglaia Pappa, Mihalis I. Panayiotidis

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) is a secondary metabolic product yielded upon the hydrolysis of gluconasturtiin and it is highly accumulated in the flowers of watercress. The aim of the current study was to assess the role of a naturally derived PEITC-enriched extract in the induction of oxidative stress and to evaluate its anti-melanoma potency through the regulation of its metabolism with the concurrent production of the N-acetyl cysteine conjugated by-product. For this purpose, an in vitro melanoma model was utilized consisting of human primary (A375) cells as well as metastatic (COLO-679) malignant melanoma cells together with non-tumorigenic immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT). …

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Enhancing Estimation Of Cover Crop Biomass Using Field-Based High-Throughput Phenotyping And Machine Learning Models, Geng Bai, Katja Koehler-Cole, David Scoby, Vesh R. Thapa, Andrea D. Basche, Yufeng Ge Jan 2024

Enhancing Estimation Of Cover Crop Biomass Using Field-Based High-Throughput Phenotyping And Machine Learning Models, Geng Bai, Katja Koehler-Cole, David Scoby, Vesh R. Thapa, Andrea D. Basche, Yufeng Ge

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Incorporating cover crops into cropping systems offers numerous potential benefits, including the reduction of soil erosion, suppression of weeds, decreased nitrogen requirements for subsequent crops, and increased carbon sequestration. The aboveground biomass (AGB) of cover crops strongly influences their performance in delivering these benefits. Despite the significance of AGB, a comprehensive field-based high-throughput phenotyping study to quantify AGB of multiple cover crops in the U.S. Midwest has not been found. This study presents a two-year field experiment carried out in Eastern Nebraska, USA, to estimate AGB of five different cover crop species [canola (Brassica napus L.), rye (Secale …

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Mobile Augmented Reality Framework In Stem Education: A Systematic Literature Review, Danakorn Nincarean Eh Phon, Nur Fatin Razlieya Binti Mohd Razali Jan 2024

Mobile Augmented Reality Framework In Stem Education: A Systematic Literature Review, Danakorn Nincarean Eh Phon, Nur Fatin Razlieya Binti Mohd Razali

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

There is a growing concern with preparing a sufficient numberof highly qualified professional in areas of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM). However, the number of students to reach proficiency and pursue in STEM majors seems to be decreasing. Augmented Reality (AR) is one of the evolving technologies that have potential and effect on learning, especially in STEM education. The aim of this paper is to review and analyzeexisting works that are related to AR in STEM Education. In this study, the common design elements, components or features fordesigning educational AR framework in STEM education were analyzed. This paper determined …

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Automatic Temperature Control System Using African Vultures Optimization Algorithm, Mostafa Abdulghafoor Mohammed, Muntadher Khamees, Dina Hassan Abbas Jan 2024

Automatic Temperature Control System Using African Vultures Optimization Algorithm, Mostafa Abdulghafoor Mohammed, Muntadher Khamees, Dina Hassan Abbas

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

One of the most important tasks in control engineering is tuning a PID controller for maximum efficiency. However, without a great deal of practice, manual adjustment of PID settings might result in erroneous results. Using met heuristic algorithms is one method for tweaking the PID controller. These algorithms, which are inspired bythe laws of nature, can effectively find the sweet spot for the PID settings. Therefore, instead of manually tweaking the PID controller, using met heuristic methods can greatly enhance the system's performance while decreasing the related expenses. A reliable temperature control system is crucial to the production of a …

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Enhanced Cancer Subclassification Using Multi-Omics Clustering And Quantum Cat Swarm Optimization, Mazin Abed Mohammed, Ali Mahmoud Ali Jan 2024

Enhanced Cancer Subclassification Using Multi-Omics Clustering And Quantum Cat Swarm Optimization, Mazin Abed Mohammed, Ali Mahmoud Ali

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

Integrating multiple omics data can significantly improve the accuracy of cancer subclassification, a challenging task due to the high dimensionality and limited sample sizes. The integration of these data sets can enhance model performance. This study addresses these challenges by employing Quantum Cat Swarm Optimization (QCSO) for feature selection, along with K-means clustering and Support Vector Machine (SVM) for classification. Using QCSO, the most significant features were identified, resulting in an increase in accuracy from 81% to100%. Performance was evaluated using accuracy, F1-score, precision, recall, ROC, and the silhouette metric, all of which confirmed the effectiveness of the feature selection …

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Low-Level Resource Partitioning Supports Coexistence Among Functionally Redundant Bacteria During Successional Dynamics, Xiaoqian Annie Yu, Craig Mclean, Jan-Hendrik Hehemann, David Angeles-Albores, Fuqing Wu, Artur Muszyński, Christopher H Corzett, Parastoo Azadi, Elizabeth B Kujawinski, Eric J Alm, Martin F Polz Jan 2024

Low-Level Resource Partitioning Supports Coexistence Among Functionally Redundant Bacteria During Successional Dynamics, Xiaoqian Annie Yu, Craig Mclean, Jan-Hendrik Hehemann, David Angeles-Albores, Fuqing Wu, Artur Muszyński, Christopher H Corzett, Parastoo Azadi, Elizabeth B Kujawinski, Eric J Alm, Martin F Polz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Members of microbial communities can substantially overlap in substrate use. However, what enables functionally redundant microorganisms to coassemble or even stably coexist remains poorly understood. Here, we show that during unstable successional dynamics on complex, natural organic matter, functionally redundant bacteria can coexist by partitioning low-concentration substrates even though they compete for one simple, dominant substrate. We allowed ocean microbial communities to self-assemble on leachates of the brown seaweed Fucus vesiculosus and then analyzed the competition among 10 taxonomically diverse isolates representing two distinct stages of the succession. All, but two isolates, exhibited an average of 90% ± 6% pairwise …

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Effects Of Centella Asiatica (L) Urb. On Cognitive Function In Hypothyroid Mice Offspring, Miski A. Khairinisa, Mohammed Alfaqeeh, Vinda M. Patricia Jan 2024

Effects Of Centella Asiatica (L) Urb. On Cognitive Function In Hypothyroid Mice Offspring, Miski A. Khairinisa, Mohammed Alfaqeeh, Vinda M. Patricia

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

Centella asiatica (C. asiatica) is widely used in traditional medicine due to its numerous health benefits. Among its reputed advantages are improved memory, intelligence, and neural protection. Impairment of cognitive function as a center for memory processing occurs due to perinatal hypothyroidism. Although several studies have shown that C. asiatica extract may improve memory function, the effectiveness of its extract as a memory enhancer for patients with perinatal hypothyroid is less unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects of ethanol extract of C. asiatica (EEC) leaf as a memory enhancer in perinatal hypothyroid mice model. C. asiatica leaves …

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Kratom (Mitragyna Speciosa) Leaf Ethanol Extract Showed In Vivo Analgesic Activity, Rahmad A. Prasetya, Tri P. L Sidarwati Jan 2024

Kratom (Mitragyna Speciosa) Leaf Ethanol Extract Showed In Vivo Analgesic Activity, Rahmad A. Prasetya, Tri P. L Sidarwati

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

Analgesic drugs like morphine and other opioids exhibit several harmful effects. Thus, the exploration of a new and safer analgesic drug is necessary. Utilizing Indonesia's biodiversity richness, medicinal plants can serve as an alternative source of novel analgesic drugs. Here, we show the analgesic activity of Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) leaf ethanol extract (KE) in formaldehyde-induced rat (Rattus norvegicus) models. The effect of KE was examined by observing the duration of spontaneous nociceptive behavior such as paw licking or limp leg. The result showed that rats treated with 70 mg/kg KE demonstrated significantly (p<0.01) decreased nociceptive behavior compared to those receiving vehicles. However, a higher KE dose (210 mg/kg) failed to increase the analgesic effect and showed a slight reduction (not significant) compared to the control group. These findings proved that kratom leaf ethanol extract has the potential to alleviate painful conditions.

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Usability Of Mhealth In Patient With Type 1 And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review, Andhara M. Belinda, Tiana Milanda Jan 2024

Usability Of Mhealth In Patient With Type 1 And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review, Andhara M. Belinda, Tiana Milanda

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic illnesses identified by elevated blood glucose levels. The glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) test is used to evaluate a person’s control of their blood glucose levels. According to a recent study, mHealth interventions may be particularly helpful for assisting patients with diabetes mellitus to self-monitor their status on their HbA1c level. Therefore, this systematic review aims to provide an overview of how mHealth affects individuals with diabetes mellitus, concentrating on HbA1c evaluation. A systematic review was conducted by reviewing the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Mendeley databases for randomized control trials published between February 2017 …

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Product Attributes Of Car T-Cell Therapy Differentially Associate With Efficacy And Toxicity In Second-Line Large B-Cell Lymphoma (Zuma-7), Simone Filosto, Saran Vardhanabhuti, Miguel A Canales, Xavier Poiré, Lazaros J Lekakis, Sven De Vos, Craig A Portell, Zixing Wang, Christina To, Marco Schupp, Soumya Poddar, Tan Trinh, Carmen M Warren, Ethan G Aguilar, Justin Budka, Paul Cheng, Justin Chou, Adrian Bot, Rhine R Shen, Jason R Westin Jan 2024

Product Attributes Of Car T-Cell Therapy Differentially Associate With Efficacy And Toxicity In Second-Line Large B-Cell Lymphoma (Zuma-7), Simone Filosto, Saran Vardhanabhuti, Miguel A Canales, Xavier Poiré, Lazaros J Lekakis, Sven De Vos, Craig A Portell, Zixing Wang, Christina To, Marco Schupp, Soumya Poddar, Tan Trinh, Carmen M Warren, Ethan G Aguilar, Justin Budka, Paul Cheng, Justin Chou, Adrian Bot, Rhine R Shen, Jason R Westin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Treatment resistance and toxicities remain a risk following chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. Herein, we report pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and product and apheresis attributes associated with outcomes among patients with relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) treated with axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) in ZUMA-7. Axi-cel peak expansion associated with clinical response and toxicity, but not response durability. In apheresis material and final product, a naive T-cell phenotype (CCR7+CD45RA+) expressing CD27 and CD28 associated with improved response durability, event-free survival, progression-free survival, and a lower number of prior therapies. This phenotype was not associated with high-grade cytokine release syndrome (CRS) or neurologic events. …

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Prescribing Pattern Of Vitamins In Dermatologic Disorders At Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital In Western India, Zankrut J. Patel, Akanksha Prajapati, Cidhi Thaker, Sumit Patel Jan 2024

Prescribing Pattern Of Vitamins In Dermatologic Disorders At Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital In Western India, Zankrut J. Patel, Akanksha Prajapati, Cidhi Thaker, Sumit Patel

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

Skin ailments are a major burden in society. It is thought that Vitamins may help in improving skin health and appearance, but their deficiency may cause disease. The data regarding vitamin usage patterns in dermatologic practice in India is lacking. Therefore, the present study has been planned to analyze the prescribing pattern of vitamins. A cross-sectional, observational study was carried out at the outpatient department of dermatology at GCSMCH and RC, Ahmedabad, for 12 months from October 2019 to September 2020. Prescriptions of 500 patients were analyzed for common skin conditions and prescribing patterns. All the data were compiled into …

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Using Fisheries-Dependent Data To Investigate Landings Of European Lobster (Homarus Gammarus) Within An Offshore Wind Farm, Harry Thatcher, Thomas Stamp, Pippa J Moore, David Wilcockson, Silvana Birchenough Jan 2024

Using Fisheries-Dependent Data To Investigate Landings Of European Lobster (Homarus Gammarus) Within An Offshore Wind Farm, Harry Thatcher, Thomas Stamp, Pippa J Moore, David Wilcockson, Silvana Birchenough

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

The need for alternative strategies to assist in the monitoring and sustainable management of fisheries’ resources is becoming increasingly important. In recent years, greater utilization of fishers’ knowledge has been advocated as a potentially valuable source of data that could be applied to fisheries management issues. In the current study, we addressed this by investigating the landing per unit effort (LPUE) of European lobster (Homarus gammarus) from within an offshore wind farm using a fisheries-dependent commercial fishing logbook. The logbook was provided by a single fisherman who targeted lobsters within the wind farm between 2015 and 2022 using single pots …

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Biotic Interactions Vary Across Species' Ranges And Are Likely Conserved Through Geological Time, Iulian Gherghel, Ryan Andrew Martin Jan 2024

Biotic Interactions Vary Across Species' Ranges And Are Likely Conserved Through Geological Time, Iulian Gherghel, Ryan Andrew Martin

Faculty Scholarship

Aim: The evolutionary interactions between western spadefoot toads (genus Spea) represent a textbook example of character displacement, facilitated by dietary specialization of one Spea species on fairy shrimp (Anostraca) when all three co-occur. The aim of this study is to understand the covariation between predator (Spea) and prey (Anostraca) range shifts in response to climate change oscillations, and whether biotic interactions can be used to project species distribution models on different time scales when studying species with dietary specialization. Taxon: Amphibia: Spea spp. and Crustacea: Anostraca. Location: North America. Methods: Using multiple modelling techniques, we first estimated the potential distribution …

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Personal Persistence And Post-Mortem Survival, Harriet Baber Jan 2024

Personal Persistence And Post-Mortem Survival, Harriet Baber

Philosophy: Faculty Scholarship

Can a materialist look for the resurrection of the dead and the life of the world to come? Dean Zimmerman’s Falling Elevator Model is a speculative account of how persons, understood as material beings, might survive in a post-mortem resurrected state—a just-so story. It assumes endurantism, the doctrine that persons and other ordinary objects are three-dimensional beings which are wholly present at every time they exist. I argue that neither endurantism, nor purdurantism, according to which persons are four-dimensional ‘worms’ who have proper temporal parts at every time that they exist, provides a plausible account of personal survival. If you …

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Associations Between Coordination And Wearable Sensor Variables Vary By Recording Context But Not Assessment Type, Jeffrey D Konrad, Natasha Marrus, Keith R Lohse, Kayla M Thuet, Catherine E Lang Jan 2024

Associations Between Coordination And Wearable Sensor Variables Vary By Recording Context But Not Assessment Type, Jeffrey D Konrad, Natasha Marrus, Keith R Lohse, Kayla M Thuet, Catherine E Lang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Motor coordination is an important driver of development and improved coordination assessments could facilitate better screening, diagnosis, and intervention for children at risk of developmental disorders. Wearable sensors could provide data that enhance the characterization of coordination and the clinical utility of that data may vary depending on how sensor variables from different recording contexts relate to coordination. We used wearable sensors at the wrists to capture upper-limb movement in 85 children aged 6-12. Sensor variables were extracted from two recording contexts.

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Embedding Sustainability In Food Degrees: A Case-Study Of Service-Learning As A Signature Pedagogy For Developing Food Sustainability Competencies, Julie L. Dunne, Catherine Barry-Ryan, Cormac H. Macmahon Jan 2024

Embedding Sustainability In Food Degrees: A Case-Study Of Service-Learning As A Signature Pedagogy For Developing Food Sustainability Competencies, Julie L. Dunne, Catherine Barry-Ryan, Cormac H. Macmahon

Irish Journal of Academic Practice

Food production and consumption are emblematic of challenges to operate within planetary boundaries, whilst providing minimum access for all. They draw on natural and human resources and are de facto drivers of land-use. Moreover, their recognition in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals has spurred growing awareness of food system fragility reflected in dietary orientation, waste streams and food security. Education is a key lever in transformation for food system resilience. Yet, food sustainability competencies and their signature pedagogies are in their infancy. This paper offers a reflection of their development at TU Dublin’s School of Food Science & Environmental …

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One-Pot Assembly Of Drug-Eluting Silk Coatings With Applications For Nerve Regeneration, Tanner D. Fink, Jessica L. Funnell, Ryan J. Gilbert, R. Helen Zha Jan 2024

One-Pot Assembly Of Drug-Eluting Silk Coatings With Applications For Nerve Regeneration, Tanner D. Fink, Jessica L. Funnell, Ryan J. Gilbert, R. Helen Zha

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Clinical use of polymeric scaffolds for tissue engineering often suffers from their inability to promote strong cellular interactions. Functionalization with biomolecules may improve outcomes; however, current functionalization approaches using covalent chemistry or physical adsorption can lead to loss of biomolecule bioactivity. Here, we demonstrate a novel bottom-up approach for enhancing the bioactivity of poly (l-lactic acid) electro spun scaffolds though interfacial coassembly of protein payloads with silk fibroin into nano thin coatings. In our approach, protein payloads are first added into an aqueous solution with Bombyx mori-derived silk fibroin. Phosphate anions are then added to trigger coassembly of the payload …

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Gene-Sgan: Discovering Disease Subtypes With Imaging And Genetic Signatures Via Multi-View Weakly-Supervised Deep Clustering, Zhijian Yang, John C Morris, Pamela Lamontagne, Daniel S Marcus, Tammie L S Benzinger, Et Al. Jan 2024

Gene-Sgan: Discovering Disease Subtypes With Imaging And Genetic Signatures Via Multi-View Weakly-Supervised Deep Clustering, Zhijian Yang, John C Morris, Pamela Lamontagne, Daniel S Marcus, Tammie L S Benzinger, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Disease heterogeneity has been a critical challenge for precision diagnosis and treatment, especially in neurologic and neuropsychiatric diseases. Many diseases can display multiple distinct brain phenotypes across individuals, potentially reflecting disease subtypes that can be captured using MRI and machine learning methods. However, biological interpretability and treatment relevance are limited if the derived subtypes are not associated with genetic drivers or susceptibility factors. Herein, we describe Gene-SGAN - a multi-view, weakly-supervised deep clustering method - which dissects disease heterogeneity by jointly considering phenotypic and genetic data, thereby conferring genetic correlations to the disease subtypes and associated endophenotypic signatures. We first …

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A Cyclin D1 Intrinsically Disordered Domain Accesses Modified Histone Motifs To Govern Gene Transcription, Xuanmao Jiao, Gabriele Di Sante, Mathew Casimiro, Agnes Tantos, Anthony Ashton, Zhiping Li, Yen Quach, Dharmendra Bhargava, Agnese Di Rocco, Claudia Pupo, Marco Crosariol, Tamas Lazar, Peter Tompa, Chenguang Wang, Zuoren Yu, Zhao Zhang, Kawthar Aldaaysi, Ratna Vadlamudi, Monica Mann, Emmanuel Skordalakes, Andrew Kossenkov, Yanming Du, Richard Pestell Jan 2024

A Cyclin D1 Intrinsically Disordered Domain Accesses Modified Histone Motifs To Govern Gene Transcription, Xuanmao Jiao, Gabriele Di Sante, Mathew Casimiro, Agnes Tantos, Anthony Ashton, Zhiping Li, Yen Quach, Dharmendra Bhargava, Agnese Di Rocco, Claudia Pupo, Marco Crosariol, Tamas Lazar, Peter Tompa, Chenguang Wang, Zuoren Yu, Zhao Zhang, Kawthar Aldaaysi, Ratna Vadlamudi, Monica Mann, Emmanuel Skordalakes, Andrew Kossenkov, Yanming Du, Richard Pestell

Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

The essential G1-cyclin, CCND1, is frequently overexpressed in cancer, contributing to tumorigenesis by driving cell-cycle progression. D-type cyclins are rate-limiting regulators of G1-S progression in mammalian cells via their ability to bind and activate CDK4 and CDK6. In addition, cyclin D1 conveys kinase-independent transcriptional functions of cyclin D1. Here we report that cyclin D1 associates with H2BS14 via an intrinsically disordered domain (IDD). The same region of cyclin D1 was necessary for the induction of aneuploidy, induction of the DNA damage response, cyclin D1-mediated recruitment into chromatin, and CIN gene transcription. In response to …

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Variants In The Wdr44 Wd40-Repeat Domain Cause A Spectrum Of Ciliopathy By Impairing Ciliogenesis Initiation, Andrea Accogli, Saurabh Shakya, Taewoo Yang, Christine Insinna, Soo Yeon Kim, David Bell, Kirill R Butov, Mariasavina Severino, Marcello Niceta, Marcello Scala, Hyun Sik Lee, Taekyeong Yoo, Jimmy Stauffer, Huijie Zhao, Chiara Fiorillo, Marina Pedemonte, Maria C Diana, Simona Baldassari, Viktoria Zakharova, Anna Shcherbina, Yulia Rodina, Christina Fagerberg, Laura Sønderberg Roos, Jolanta Wierzba, Artur Dobosz, Amanda Gerard, Lorraine Potocki, Jill A Rosenfeld, Seema R Lalani, Tiana M Scott, Daryl Scott, Mahshid S Azamian, Raymond Louie, Hannah W Moore, Neena L Champaigne, Grace Hollingsworth, Annalaura Torella, Vincenzo Nigro, Rafal Ploski, Vincenzo Salpietro, Federico Zara, Simone Pizzi, Giovanni Chillemi, Marzia Ognibene, Erin Cooney, Jenny Do, Anders Linnemann, Martin J Larsen, Suzanne Specht, Kylie J Walters, Hee-Jung Choi, Murim Choi, Marco Tartaglia, Phillippe Youkharibache, Jong-Hee Chae, Valeria Capra, Sung-Gyoo Park, Christopher J Westlake Jan 2024

Variants In The Wdr44 Wd40-Repeat Domain Cause A Spectrum Of Ciliopathy By Impairing Ciliogenesis Initiation, Andrea Accogli, Saurabh Shakya, Taewoo Yang, Christine Insinna, Soo Yeon Kim, David Bell, Kirill R Butov, Mariasavina Severino, Marcello Niceta, Marcello Scala, Hyun Sik Lee, Taekyeong Yoo, Jimmy Stauffer, Huijie Zhao, Chiara Fiorillo, Marina Pedemonte, Maria C Diana, Simona Baldassari, Viktoria Zakharova, Anna Shcherbina, Yulia Rodina, Christina Fagerberg, Laura Sønderberg Roos, Jolanta Wierzba, Artur Dobosz, Amanda Gerard, Lorraine Potocki, Jill A Rosenfeld, Seema R Lalani, Tiana M Scott, Daryl Scott, Mahshid S Azamian, Raymond Louie, Hannah W Moore, Neena L Champaigne, Grace Hollingsworth, Annalaura Torella, Vincenzo Nigro, Rafal Ploski, Vincenzo Salpietro, Federico Zara, Simone Pizzi, Giovanni Chillemi, Marzia Ognibene, Erin Cooney, Jenny Do, Anders Linnemann, Martin J Larsen, Suzanne Specht, Kylie J Walters, Hee-Jung Choi, Murim Choi, Marco Tartaglia, Phillippe Youkharibache, Jong-Hee Chae, Valeria Capra, Sung-Gyoo Park, Christopher J Westlake

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

WDR44 prevents ciliogenesis initiation by regulating RAB11-dependent vesicle trafficking. Here, we describe male patients with missense and nonsense variants within the WD40 repeats (WDR) of WDR44, an X-linked gene product, who display ciliopathy-related developmental phenotypes that we can model in zebrafish. The patient phenotypic spectrum includes developmental delay/intellectual disability, hypotonia, distinct craniofacial features and variable presence of brain, renal, cardiac and musculoskeletal abnormalities. We demonstrate that WDR44 variants associated with more severe disease impair ciliogenesis initiation and ciliary signaling. Because WDR44 negatively regulates ciliogenesis, it was surprising that pathogenic missense variants showed reduced abundance, which we link to misfolding of …

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Amphiregulin Exerts Proangiogenic Effects In Developing Murine Lungs, Shyam Thapa, Nithyapriya Shankar, Amrit Kumar Shrestha, Monish Civunigunta, Amos S Gaikwad, Binoy Shivanna Jan 2024

Amphiregulin Exerts Proangiogenic Effects In Developing Murine Lungs, Shyam Thapa, Nithyapriya Shankar, Amrit Kumar Shrestha, Monish Civunigunta, Amos S Gaikwad, Binoy Shivanna

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Interrupted lung angiogenesis is a hallmark of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD); however, druggable targets that can rescue this phenotype remain elusive. Thus, our investigation focused on amphiregulin (Areg), a growth factor that mediates cellular proliferation, differentiation, migration, survival, and repair. While Areg promotes lung branching morphogenesis, its effect on endothelial cell (EC) homeostasis in developing lungs is understudied. Therefore, we hypothesized that Areg promotes the proangiogenic ability of the ECs in developing murine lungs exposed to hyperoxia. Lung tissues were harvested from neonatal mice exposed to normoxia or hyperoxia to determine Areg expression. Next, we performed genetic loss-of-function and pharmacological gain-of-function …

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Gut Epithelial Interleukin-17 Receptor A Signaling Can Modulate Distant Tumors Growth Through Microbial Regulation, Vidhi Chandra, Le Li, Olivereen Le Roux, Yu Zhang, Rian M Howell, Dhwani N Rupani, Seyda Baydogan, Haiyan D Miller, Erick Riquelme, Joseph Petrosino, Michael P Kim, Krishna P L Bhat, James R White, Jay K Kolls, Yuliya Pylayeva-Gupta, Florencia Mcallister Jan 2024

Gut Epithelial Interleukin-17 Receptor A Signaling Can Modulate Distant Tumors Growth Through Microbial Regulation, Vidhi Chandra, Le Li, Olivereen Le Roux, Yu Zhang, Rian M Howell, Dhwani N Rupani, Seyda Baydogan, Haiyan D Miller, Erick Riquelme, Joseph Petrosino, Michael P Kim, Krishna P L Bhat, James R White, Jay K Kolls, Yuliya Pylayeva-Gupta, Florencia Mcallister

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Microbes influence cancer initiation, progression and therapy responsiveness. IL-17 signaling contributes to gut barrier immunity by regulating microbes but also drives tumor growth. A knowledge gap remains regarding the influence of enteric IL-17-IL-17RA signaling and their microbial regulation on the behavior of distant tumors. We demonstrate that gut dysbiosis induced by systemic or gut epithelial deletion of IL-17RA induces growth of pancreatic and brain tumors due to excessive development of Th17, primary source of IL-17 in human and mouse pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, as well as B cells that circulate to distant tumors. Microbial dependent IL-17 signaling increases DUOX2 signaling in …

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A Road Map For The Treatment Of Pediatric Diffuse Midline Glioma, Carl Koschmann, Wajd N Al-Holou, Marta M Alonso, Jamie Anastas, Pratiti Bandopadhayay, Tara Barron, Oren Becher, Rodrigo Cartaxo, Maria G Castro, Chan Chung, Madison Clausen, Derek Dang, Robert Doherty, Ryan Duchatel, Matthew Dun, Mariella Filbin, Andrea Franson, Stefanie Galban, Marc Garcia Moure, Hugh Garton, Pruthvi Gowda, Joana Graca Marques, Cynthia Hawkins, Allison Heath, Esther Hulleman, Sunjong Ji, Chris Jones, Lindsay Kilburn, Cassie Kline, Michael A Koldobskiy, Daniel Lim, Pedro R Lowenstein, Q Richard Lu, Joanna Lum, Stephen Mack, Suresh Magge, Bernard Marini, Donna Martin, Neena Marupudi, Dana Messinger, Rajen Mody, Meredith Morgan, Mateus Mota, Karin Muraszko, Sabine Mueller, Siva Kumar Natarajan, Javad Nazarian, Michael Niculcea, Nicholas Nuechterlein, Hideho Okada, Valerie Opipari, Manjunath P Pai, Sharmistha Pal, Erik Peterson, Timothy Phoenix, John R Prensner, Matthew Pun, G Praveen Raju, Zachary J Reitman, Adam Resnick, David Rogawski, Amanda Saratsis, Stefanie G Sbergio, Mark Souweidane, James M Stafford, Theophilos Tzaridis, Sujatha Venkataraman, Orazio Vittorio, Jack Wadden, Daniel Wahl, Robert J Wechsler-Reya, Viveka Nand Yadav, Xu Zhang, Qiang Zhang, Sriram Venneti Jan 2024

A Road Map For The Treatment Of Pediatric Diffuse Midline Glioma, Carl Koschmann, Wajd N Al-Holou, Marta M Alonso, Jamie Anastas, Pratiti Bandopadhayay, Tara Barron, Oren Becher, Rodrigo Cartaxo, Maria G Castro, Chan Chung, Madison Clausen, Derek Dang, Robert Doherty, Ryan Duchatel, Matthew Dun, Mariella Filbin, Andrea Franson, Stefanie Galban, Marc Garcia Moure, Hugh Garton, Pruthvi Gowda, Joana Graca Marques, Cynthia Hawkins, Allison Heath, Esther Hulleman, Sunjong Ji, Chris Jones, Lindsay Kilburn, Cassie Kline, Michael A Koldobskiy, Daniel Lim, Pedro R Lowenstein, Q Richard Lu, Joanna Lum, Stephen Mack, Suresh Magge, Bernard Marini, Donna Martin, Neena Marupudi, Dana Messinger, Rajen Mody, Meredith Morgan, Mateus Mota, Karin Muraszko, Sabine Mueller, Siva Kumar Natarajan, Javad Nazarian, Michael Niculcea, Nicholas Nuechterlein, Hideho Okada, Valerie Opipari, Manjunath P Pai, Sharmistha Pal, Erik Peterson, Timothy Phoenix, John R Prensner, Matthew Pun, G Praveen Raju, Zachary J Reitman, Adam Resnick, David Rogawski, Amanda Saratsis, Stefanie G Sbergio, Mark Souweidane, James M Stafford, Theophilos Tzaridis, Sujatha Venkataraman, Orazio Vittorio, Jack Wadden, Daniel Wahl, Robert J Wechsler-Reya, Viveka Nand Yadav, Xu Zhang, Qiang Zhang, Sriram Venneti

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Recent clinical trials for H3K27-altered diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) have shown much promise. We present a consensus roadmap and identify three major barriers: (1) refinement of experimental models to include immune and brain-specific components; (2) collaboration among researchers, clinicians, and industry to integrate patient-derived data through sharing, transparency, and regulatory considerations; and (3) streamlining clinical efforts including biopsy, CNS-drug delivery, endpoint determination, and response monitoring. We highlight the importance of comprehensive collaboration to advance the understanding, diagnostics, and therapeutics for DMGs.

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Developmental Basis Of Shh Medulloblastoma Heterogeneity, Maxwell P Gold, Winnie Ong, Andrew M Masteller, David R Ghasemi, Julie Anne Galindo, Noel R Park, Nhan C Huynh, Aneesh Donde, Veronika Pister, Raul A Saurez, Maria C Vladoiu, Grace H Hwang, Tanja Eisemann, Laura K Donovan, Adam D Walker, Joseph Benetatos, Christelle Dufour, Livia Garzia, Rosalind A Segal, Robert J Wechsler-Reya, Jill P Mesirov, Andrey Korshunov, Kristian W Pajtler, Scott L Pomeroy, Olivier Ayrault, Shawn M Davidson, Jennifer A Cotter, Michael D Taylor, Ernest Fraenkel Jan 2024

Developmental Basis Of Shh Medulloblastoma Heterogeneity, Maxwell P Gold, Winnie Ong, Andrew M Masteller, David R Ghasemi, Julie Anne Galindo, Noel R Park, Nhan C Huynh, Aneesh Donde, Veronika Pister, Raul A Saurez, Maria C Vladoiu, Grace H Hwang, Tanja Eisemann, Laura K Donovan, Adam D Walker, Joseph Benetatos, Christelle Dufour, Livia Garzia, Rosalind A Segal, Robert J Wechsler-Reya, Jill P Mesirov, Andrey Korshunov, Kristian W Pajtler, Scott L Pomeroy, Olivier Ayrault, Shawn M Davidson, Jennifer A Cotter, Michael D Taylor, Ernest Fraenkel

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Many genes that drive normal cellular development also contribute to oncogenesis. Medulloblastoma (MB) tumors likely arise from neuronal progenitors in the cerebellum, and we hypothesized that the heterogeneity observed in MBs with sonic hedgehog (SHH) activation could be due to differences in developmental pathways. To investigate this question, here we perform single-nucleus RNA sequencing on highly differentiated SHH MBs with extensively nodular histology and observed malignant cells resembling each stage of canonical granule neuron development. Through innovative computational approaches, we connect these results to published datasets and find that some established molecular subtypes of SHH MB appear arrested at different …

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D-Mannose Reduces Cellular Senescence And Nlrp3/Gasdermind/Il-1Β-Driven Pyroptotic Uroepithelial Cell Shedding In The Murine Bladder, Chetanchandra S Joshi, Arnold M Salazar, Caihong Wang, Marianne M Ligon, Rayvanth R Chappidi, Bisiayo E Fashemi, Paul A Felder, Amy Mora, Sandra L Grimm, Cristian Coarfa, Indira U Mysorekar Jan 2024

D-Mannose Reduces Cellular Senescence And Nlrp3/Gasdermind/Il-1Β-Driven Pyroptotic Uroepithelial Cell Shedding In The Murine Bladder, Chetanchandra S Joshi, Arnold M Salazar, Caihong Wang, Marianne M Ligon, Rayvanth R Chappidi, Bisiayo E Fashemi, Paul A Felder, Amy Mora, Sandra L Grimm, Cristian Coarfa, Indira U Mysorekar

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Aging is a risk factor for disease via increased susceptibility to infection, decreased ability to maintain homeostasis, inefficiency in combating stress, and decreased regenerative capacity. Multiple diseases, including urinary tract infection (UTI), are more prevalent with age; however, the mechanisms underlying the impact of aging on the urinary tract mucosa and the correlation between aging and disease remain poorly understood. Here, we show that, relative to young (8-12 weeks) mice, the urothelium of aged (18-24 months) female mice accumulates large lysosomes with reduced acid phosphatase activity and decreased overall autophagic flux in the aged urothelium, indicative of compromised cellular homeostasis. …

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New Insights On Mummification Techniques During Ancient Egypt's Middle Kingdom Period (2055-1782 Bc) Using Non-Destructive Ct-Scanning Of The Mummy Of Lady Amanit, Priestess Of Hathor, Ibrahim Badr, Linda Sutherland, Angela Tooley, Maarten Praet Jan 2024

New Insights On Mummification Techniques During Ancient Egypt's Middle Kingdom Period (2055-1782 Bc) Using Non-Destructive Ct-Scanning Of The Mummy Of Lady Amanit, Priestess Of Hathor, Ibrahim Badr, Linda Sutherland, Angela Tooley, Maarten Praet

Journal of the General Union of Arab Archaeologists

رؤى جديدة لتقنيات التحنيط فى عصرالدولة الوسطى في مصر القديمة (2055-1782 ق.م.) ياستخدام التصوير بالاشعة المقطعيىة للمومياء السيدة أمانيت، كاهنة حتحور. في القرن التاسع عشر وأوائل القرن العشرين كانت طرق فحص ودراسة المومياوات المصرية ، تعتمد على الفحص البصري والطرق غير العلمية المدمرة. ومع تقدم التكنولوجيا في القرن الحادي والعشرين، ظهرت طرق فحص علمية غير تدميرية مثل الفحص بالأشعة المقطعية. CT وتهدف الدراسة إلى إعادة فحص المومياوات وإعادة قراءتها بناءً على أدلة علمية واضحة، ودراسة مدى الارتباط بين الفحص البصري بالفحص بالأشعة المقطعية CT. حيث تم تقسيم جسم المومياء إلى مناطق مختلفة لتتبع التغيرات المورفولوجية بعد التحنيط، حيث كشف الفحص …

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Forecasting Foreign Tourist Arrivals In India: A Strategic Analysis For Sustainable Religious Tourism Growth, Vishwajeet Singh, Dr. Taruna, Tarushree Bari, Subhash Kumar Yadav Jan 2024

Forecasting Foreign Tourist Arrivals In India: A Strategic Analysis For Sustainable Religious Tourism Growth, Vishwajeet Singh, Dr. Taruna, Tarushree Bari, Subhash Kumar Yadav

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

The exponential growth of the tourism industry in India significantly impacts the nation’s economic landscape. This study presents an analysis of tourism arrival trends from 2000 to 2019 to forecast foreign tourist arrivals, aligning with the broader scope of religious tourism and pilgrimage. Employing the Box-Jenkins methodology, the research aims to project short-term forecasts for inbound tourism. Diverse modelling techniques are explored to capture the nuances of the time series data, including the assessment of stationarity using the Dickey-Fuller Test to discern underlying trends. The study culminates in identifying the A.R.I.M.A (0, 1, 1) model with drift as the most …

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Cyp26a1 Links Wnt And Retinoic Acid Signaling: A Target To Differentiate Aldh+ Stem Cells In Apc-Mutant Crc, Caroline O.B. Facey, Victoria O. Hunsu, Chi Zhang, Brian Osmond, Lynn M. Opdenaker, Bruce M. Boman Jan 2024

Cyp26a1 Links Wnt And Retinoic Acid Signaling: A Target To Differentiate Aldh+ Stem Cells In Apc-Mutant Crc, Caroline O.B. Facey, Victoria O. Hunsu, Chi Zhang, Brian Osmond, Lynn M. Opdenaker, Bruce M. Boman

Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Faculty Papers

APC mutation is the main driving mechanism of CRC development and leads to constitutively activated WNT signaling, overpopulation of ALDH+ stem cells (SCs), and incomplete differentiation. We previously reported that retinoic acid (RA) receptors are selectively expressed in ALDH+ SCs, which provides a way to target cancer SCs with retinoids to induce differentiation. Hypotheses: A functional link exists between the WNT and RA pathways, and APC mutation generates a WNT:RA imbalance that decreases retinoid-induced differentiation and increases ALDH+ SCs. Accordingly, to restore parity in WNT:RA signaling, we induce wt-APC expression in APC-mutant CRC cells, and we assess the ability of …

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Illuminating The Landscape Of Sibling Relationship Quality: An Evidence And Gap Map, Megan R. Holmes, Anna E. Bender, Kari A. O'Donnell, Emily K. Miller, Ivan T. Conard Jan 2024

Illuminating The Landscape Of Sibling Relationship Quality: An Evidence And Gap Map, Megan R. Holmes, Anna E. Bender, Kari A. O'Donnell, Emily K. Miller, Ivan T. Conard

Faculty Scholarship

This paper used an evidence and gap map (EGM) to advance the scientific understanding of sibling relationship quality among children aged 2 to 18 years by synthesizing literature on 277 empirical studies from 1985 to 2022 to delineate patterns of study design, sampling, and measurement. Most existing research has utilized majority of White, middle-to-upper class, and/or two-caregiver family samples. Nearly 85% (n = 235) of studies used quantitative methods to measure sibling relationship quality across eight domains: conflict, warmth/affection, quality, cohesion, hostility, power/control, positive engagement, and conflict management. A total of 122 studies used a measure of sibling relationship quality …

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