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2024

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Kinetics, Thermodynamics, And Biological Characterizations Of Hydrolysates Enzymatically Produced From Proteins Extracted From Microalgae, Hebah Al Amodi Nov 2024

Kinetics, Thermodynamics, And Biological Characterizations Of Hydrolysates Enzymatically Produced From Proteins Extracted From Microalgae, Hebah Al Amodi

Thesis/ Dissertation Defenses

This thesis aims to explore the use of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-L (ZIF-L) as a support for immobilizing alcalase and its potency in producing protein hydrolysates. ZIF-L was synthesized at room temperature using an aqueous solution, and alcalase was immobilized through adsorption batch experiment. The successful immobilization of alcalase on ZIF-L was confirmed through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The maximum adsorption capacity of alcalase on ZIF-L was determined to be 672.1 ± 5.5 mg g-1 at 40°C using an initial protein concentration of 5 mg mL-1. Adsorption equilibrium data suggested …

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The Function Of Memory In Understanding And Addressing Cultures Of Impunity, Veronica Jereza Nov 2024

The Function Of Memory In Understanding And Addressing Cultures Of Impunity, Veronica Jereza

Budhi: A Journal of Ideas and Culture

Recent psychological studies show that systemic oppression may be understood as trauma, which is aggravated in the context of a culture of impunity. Cultures of impunity, then, are a problem not only of legal justice and collective trauma but also of personal memory and its fragmentation. Following developments in trauma studies and Paul Ricoeur’s Memory, History, Forgetting and Lectures on Ideology and Utopia, cultures of impunity may be understood as an institutionalized forced forgetfulness with destructive and self-reinforcing effects on personal and collective memory. This paper aims to present a generic account of the function of memory in understanding and …

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A Vision Of Hell: Walter Benjamin's Angelus Novus And The Catastrophe Of Progress, Pregiosa Regina Ang De Joya Nov 2024

A Vision Of Hell: Walter Benjamin's Angelus Novus And The Catastrophe Of Progress, Pregiosa Regina Ang De Joya

Budhi: A Journal of Ideas and Culture

Before his untimely death in 1940, the German philosopher Walter Benjamin wrote an essay, entitled “Theses on the Philosophy of History,” marking his recovery from the shock of the Hitler-Stalin non-aggression pact. This study reflects on the philosophical and historical significance of this essay, unraveling Benjamin’s critique of Marxism as a critique of progress. Progress, which the angel of history sees as a storm coming from paradise, has caused a growing pile of rubble of historical blunders and environmental disasters. This uncritical submission to progress, however, can be seen not only in the blind confidence of the communists and the …

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Byzantine And Early Islamic Faunal Remains From Building 900 In The Southern Tyropoeon Valley, Nimrod Marom Nov 2024

Byzantine And Early Islamic Faunal Remains From Building 900 In The Southern Tyropoeon Valley, Nimrod Marom

'Atiqot

The excavation in the western part of the City of David uncovered small assemblages of animal remains from the Byzantine and Early Islamic periods, attesting to similar consumption patterns in both occupation phases. The basic suite of domesticates is characteristic of urban settlements in late antiquity, comprising caprines, pigs and cattle, as well as fowl, and possibly fish. This varied diet points to the high-status of the inhabitants of the building.The public and commercial production of pork in the Early Islamic period is noteworthy.

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A Treasure From Nahal Shalva: Exquisite Jewelry And A Coin Hoard From The Days Of The Bar Kokhba Revolt, Yael Abadi-Reiss, Gabriela Bijovsky, Shua Amorai-Stark, Naama Sukenik, Shoshana Israeli, Emil Aladjem Nov 2024

A Treasure From Nahal Shalva: Exquisite Jewelry And A Coin Hoard From The Days Of The Bar Kokhba Revolt, Yael Abadi-Reiss, Gabriela Bijovsky, Shua Amorai-Stark, Naama Sukenik, Shoshana Israeli, Emil Aladjem

'Atiqot

A female skeleton adorned with unique jewelry items, and accompanied by a sword and cosmetic tools, was discovered within a pit at the site of Naḥal Shalva. Near the skeleton was a hoard of silver and gold coins from the days of the Bar Kokhba Revolt, which were kept in at least two linen purses. The hoard and its owner are the focus of this article, discussed in relation to the nearby settlement and the possible circumstances that led to their deposition at the site in the Early Roman period.

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Sustainable Environmental Technologies: Recent Development, Opportunities, And Key Challenges, Prafulla Kumar Sahoo, Rupali Datta, Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman, Dibyendu Sarkar Nov 2024

Sustainable Environmental Technologies: Recent Development, Opportunities, And Key Challenges, Prafulla Kumar Sahoo, Rupali Datta, Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman, Dibyendu Sarkar

Michigan Tech Publications

No abstract provided.

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Metabolic Scaling, Energy Allocation Tradeoffs, And The Evolution Of Humans’ Unique Metabolism, Andrew K. Yegian, Steven B. Heymsfield, Eric R. Castillo, Manfred J. Müller, Leanne M. Redman, Daniel E. Lieberman Nov 2024

Metabolic Scaling, Energy Allocation Tradeoffs, And The Evolution Of Humans’ Unique Metabolism, Andrew K. Yegian, Steven B. Heymsfield, Eric R. Castillo, Manfred J. Müller, Leanne M. Redman, Daniel E. Lieberman

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

All organisms use limited energy to grow, survive, and reproduce, necessitating energy allocation tradeoffs, but there is debate over how selection impacted metabolic budgets and tradeoffs in primates, including humans. Here, we develop a method to compare metabolic rates as quotients of observed relative to expected values for mammals corrected for size, body composition, environmental temperature, and phylogenetic relatedness. Contrary to previous analyses, these quotients reveal that nonhuman primates have total metabolic rates expected for similar-sized mammals in similar environments. In addition, data from several small-scale societies show that humans evolved exceptionally high resting, activity, and total metabolic rates apparently …

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Network Differentiation And Identification Of Singletons In Gaussian Networks Under The Bayesian Framework, James Olusegun Adefisoye Nov 2024

Network Differentiation And Identification Of Singletons In Gaussian Networks Under The Bayesian Framework, James Olusegun Adefisoye

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

This dissertation explores Bayesian approaches for network analysis in the context of epigenetic modifications, specifically focusing on Deoxyribonucleic acid methylation (DNA-m) at cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites. DNA-m is a key epigenetic modification associated with diseases and infections. Recent research suggests that analyzing joint activities across multiple CpG sites could provide more powerful insights, which can be achieved using network-based approaches, such as Gaussian networks. The first project introduces a Bayesian variable selection method for detecting singletons and reconstructing networks that incorporate singleton status. Singletons, or isolated nodes, can lead to false connections and biased interpretations. The proposed method effectively detects singletons, …

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Casey Gill Named Vice President For Student Development And Chief Student Experience Officer, University Of Dayton Nov 2024

Casey Gill Named Vice President For Student Development And Chief Student Experience Officer, University Of Dayton

News Releases

Casey Gill, vice president for student development and dean of students at Wittenberg University, will become vice president for student development and chief student experience officer at the University of Dayton Jan. 1.

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Friends With Social Benefits: Queerplatonic Relationships And The Future Of Marriage Nov 2024

Friends With Social Benefits: Queerplatonic Relationships And The Future Of Marriage

Tennessee Journal of Race, Gender, & Social Justice

No abstract provided.

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Characterising The Anxiogenic Network From Functional Connectivity Analysis Of The Co2 Challenge Model, Daniel Graham, Santra Mathew, Jonathan Marsden, Alastair D Smith, Gary Smerdon, Stephen D Hall Nov 2024

Characterising The Anxiogenic Network From Functional Connectivity Analysis Of The Co2 Challenge Model, Daniel Graham, Santra Mathew, Jonathan Marsden, Alastair D Smith, Gary Smerdon, Stephen D Hall

School of Psychology

The CO2 challenge model (CCM) is a gas inhalation paradigm that provides precisely controlled anxiety induction in experimental settings. Despite its potential as an experimental model of anxiety, our understanding of the neural effects of the CCM is incomplete. This study employs resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) to explore functional connectivity (FC) changes underlying the CCM. Following a preliminary CO2 tolerance assessment, participants completed an MRI session that included three rs-fMRI scans: during inhalation of control air (pre and post), and during a 6% CCM exposure. Here, we confirm that 6% CCM is a tolerable anxiogenic model in the …

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Gut Microbiota Profiling In Injection Drug Users With And Without Hiv-1 Infection In Puerto Rico, Nirosh Aluthge, Seidu Adams, Carmen A. Davila, Nova R. Gocchi Carrasco, Kathy S. Chiou, Roberto Abadie, Sydney J. Bennett, Kirk Dombrowski, Angel M. Major, Aníbal Valentín-Acevedo, John T. West, Charles Wood, Samodha C. Fernando Nov 2024

Gut Microbiota Profiling In Injection Drug Users With And Without Hiv-1 Infection In Puerto Rico, Nirosh Aluthge, Seidu Adams, Carmen A. Davila, Nova R. Gocchi Carrasco, Kathy S. Chiou, Roberto Abadie, Sydney J. Bennett, Kirk Dombrowski, Angel M. Major, Aníbal Valentín-Acevedo, John T. West, Charles Wood, Samodha C. Fernando

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: The full extent of interactions between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, injection drug use, and the human microbiome is unclear. In this study, we examined the microbiomes of HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals, both drug-injecting and non-injecting, to identify bacterial community changes in response to HIV and drug use. We utilized a well-established cohort of people who inject drugs in Puerto Rico, a region with historically high levels of injection drug use and an HIV incidence rate disproportionately associated with drug use. METHODS: Using amplicon-based 16S rDNA sequencing, we identified amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) that demonstrated significant variations in the …

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Effectiveness And Durability Of A Workplace Sedentary Behavior Intervention Based On The Total Worker Health® Approach, Brad Wipfli, Sara Wild, Ginger Hanson, Steven A. Shea, Kerri Winters-Stone, Wura Olawole, Renee Kozlowski, Saurabh S. Thosar Nov 2024

Effectiveness And Durability Of A Workplace Sedentary Behavior Intervention Based On The Total Worker Health® Approach, Brad Wipfli, Sara Wild, Ginger Hanson, Steven A. Shea, Kerri Winters-Stone, Wura Olawole, Renee Kozlowski, Saurabh S. Thosar

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

We used the Total Worker Health® approach to develop a multi-component workplace sedentary behavior intervention and tested intervention effectiveness in a cluster randomized trial. Participants (n = 198; 75% female) were recruited from three call-centers (two intervention and one usual practice control). All worksites received pedal stand active workstations. The usual practice site received no additional support, while the intervention group completed a six-month program of activities including computer-based training, behavioral self-monitoring, health and safety discussions, and pedaling competitions. Data collection included a survey, a physical health assessment, and accelerometer measures of sedentary behavior, physical activity, and sitting/standing …

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Genetic Manipulation Of Caveolin-1 In A Transgenic Mouse Model Of Aortic Root Aneurysm: Sex-Dependent Effects On Endothelial And Smooth Muscle Function, Tala Curry-Koski, Brikena Gusek, Ross M. Potter, T. B. Jones, Raechel Dickman, Nathan Johnson, John N. Stallone, Roshanak Rahimian, Johana Vallejo-Elias, Mitra Esfandiarei Nov 2024

Genetic Manipulation Of Caveolin-1 In A Transgenic Mouse Model Of Aortic Root Aneurysm: Sex-Dependent Effects On Endothelial And Smooth Muscle Function, Tala Curry-Koski, Brikena Gusek, Ross M. Potter, T. B. Jones, Raechel Dickman, Nathan Johnson, John N. Stallone, Roshanak Rahimian, Johana Vallejo-Elias, Mitra Esfandiarei

Pacific Faculty Work

Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a systemic connective tissue disorder stemming from mutations in the gene encoding Fibrillin-1 (Fbn1), a key extracellular matrix glycoprotein. This condition manifests with various clinical features, the most critical of which is the formation of aortic root aneurysms. Reduced nitric oxide (NO) production due to diminished endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity has been linked to MFS aortic aneurysm pathology. Caveolin-1 (Cav1), a structural protein of plasma membrane caveolae, is known to inhibit eNOS activity, suggesting its involvement in MFS aneurysm progression by modulating NO levels. In this study, we examined the role of Cav1 in …

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Multiple Factors Regulate The Expression Of Sufcdsub In Streptococcus Mutans, Kassapa Ellepola, Lauren C. Guillot, Bradley Comeaux, Yiran Han, Jessica K. Kajfasz, Jacob P. Bitoun, Grace Spatafora, Jose A. Lemos, Zezhang T. Wen Nov 2024

Multiple Factors Regulate The Expression Of Sufcdsub In Streptococcus Mutans, Kassapa Ellepola, Lauren C. Guillot, Bradley Comeaux, Yiran Han, Jessica K. Kajfasz, Jacob P. Bitoun, Grace Spatafora, Jose A. Lemos, Zezhang T. Wen

School of Dentistry Faculty Publications

Introduction: The sufCDSUB gene cluster, encoding the sole iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster assembly system in S. mutans, was recently shown to be up-regulated in response to oxidative stressors and Fe limitation. Methods: In this study, luciferase reporter fusion assays, electrophoretic gel mobility shift assays (EMSA) and in vitro transcription assays (IVT) were used to dissect the cis- and trans-acting factors that regulate the expression of sufCDSUB. Results and discussion: Results showed deletion of perR, for the only Fur-family transcriptional regulator in S. mutans, resulted in > 5-fold increases in luciferase activity under the control of the sufCDSUB promoter (P < 0.01), as compared to the parent strain, UA159 when the reporter strains were grown in medium with no supplemental iron. Site-directed mutagenesis of a PerR-box in the promoter region led to elevation of the reporter activity by >1.6-fold (P < 0.01). In an EMSA, recombinant PerR (rPerR) was shown to bind to the cognate sufCDSUB promoter leading to mobility retardation. On the other hand, the reporter activity was increased by > 84-fold …

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Student Comprehension Of Biochemistry In A Flipped Classroom Format, Ed Harris, Evan A. Schroder, Teryn J. Berks Nov 2024

Student Comprehension Of Biochemistry In A Flipped Classroom Format, Ed Harris, Evan A. Schroder, Teryn J. Berks

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

Concept-heavy courses such as Biochemistry in life and physical science curricula are challenging for many college-aged students. It is easy for students to disengage in a lecture and not learn the subject matter while in class. To improve student learning and participation, we employed a flipped format for the first half of the course and compared learning outcomes and attitudes with the traditional lecture in the second half of the course. The experimental course was an upper-level biochemistry course taken primarily by juniors (49%), seniors (40%), and some graduate students (10%) at the college level. Our results indicate that lower-performing …

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Antithrombotic Efficacy And Bleeding Risks Of Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia Treatments, Halina H.L. Leung, Zohra Ahmadi, Brendan Lee, John Casey, Sumita Ratnasingam, Steven E. Mckenzie, Jose Perdomo, Beng H. Chong Nov 2024

Antithrombotic Efficacy And Bleeding Risks Of Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia Treatments, Halina H.L. Leung, Zohra Ahmadi, Brendan Lee, John Casey, Sumita Ratnasingam, Steven E. Mckenzie, Jose Perdomo, Beng H. Chong

Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research

Current guidelines for treating vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) recommend nonheparin anticoagulants and IV immunoglobulin (IVIg). However, the efficacy of these treatments remains uncertain due to case studies involving small patient numbers, confounding factors (eg, concurrent treatments), and a lack of animal studies. A recent study proposed danaparoid and heparin as potential VITT therapies because of their ability to disrupt VITT IgG-platelet factor 4 (PF4) binding. Here, we examined the effects of various anticoagulants (including unfractionated [UF] heparin, danaparoid, bivalirudin, fondaparinux, and argatroban), IVIg, and the FcγRIIa receptor-blocking antibody, IV.3. Our investigation focused on VITT IgG-PF4 binding, platelet activation, thrombocytopenia, …

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Religious Attitudes And Fear Toward Traditional Biomedical And Psychological Services Among People Of The Christian Faith, Brennan Cackett Nov 2024

Religious Attitudes And Fear Toward Traditional Biomedical And Psychological Services Among People Of The Christian Faith, Brennan Cackett

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Adults who identify as Christian often seek help within their religious communities for mental health issues. Research suggested that religious counseling services may discourage members from reporting mental health issues to traditional biomedical and psychological providers. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the extent to which people who identify as Christian in Southern California seek help outside of the Church and whether their help seeking is influenced by their religious attitudes and perceived fear of traditional psychological services. Southern California was chosen as it is where the Christian Counseling movement was started and has a large population …

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Septal Wall Synthesis Is Sufficient To Change Ameba-Like Cells Into Uniform Oval-Shaped Cells In Escherichia Coli L-Forms, Masafumi Hayashi, Chigusa Takaoka, Koichi Higashi, Ken Kurokawa, William Margolin, Taku Oshima, Daisuke Shiomi Nov 2024

Septal Wall Synthesis Is Sufficient To Change Ameba-Like Cells Into Uniform Oval-Shaped Cells In Escherichia Coli L-Forms, Masafumi Hayashi, Chigusa Takaoka, Koichi Higashi, Ken Kurokawa, William Margolin, Taku Oshima, Daisuke Shiomi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

A cell wall is required to control cell shape and size to maintain growth and division. However, some bacterial species maintain their morphology and size without a cell wall, calling into question the importance of the cell wall to maintain shape and size. It has been very difficult to examine the dispensability of cell wall synthesis in rod-shaped bacteria such as Escherichia coli for maintenance of their shape and size because they lyse without cell walls under normal culture conditions. Here, we show that wall-less E. coli L-form cells, which have a heterogeneous cell morphology, can be converted to a …

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Bioconvection Dynamics In Rotating And Stationary Cone-Disk Systems, Puneet Rana, Mahanthesh Basavarajappa Nov 2024

Bioconvection Dynamics In Rotating And Stationary Cone-Disk Systems, Puneet Rana, Mahanthesh Basavarajappa

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

This work focuses on the study of bioconvection in a conical region of rotating and stationary cone-disk systems utilizing nanofluids involving gyrotactic micro-organisms. The flow geometry encompasses two different configurations, namely, rotating cone-disk system (RCDS) and stationary cone-disk system (SCDS). For RCDS, four unique configurations are considered: rotating cone static disk (Model-I), static cone rotating disk (Model-II), co-rotating cone-disk (Model-III), and counter-rotating cone-disk (Model-IV), while SCDS includes both swirling and non-swirling flow scenarios. A total of six different physical configurations that differ in boundary conditions are investigated. The mathematical model comprises Navier–Stokes, energy, nanoparticle volume fraction (NVF), and micro-organism density …

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Comparing Neoantigen Cancer Vaccines And Immune Checkpoint Therapy Unveils An Effective Vaccine And Anti-Trem2 Macrophage-Targeting Dual Therapy, Sunita Keshari, Alexander S Shavkunov, Qi Miao, Akata Saha, Tomoyuki Minowa, Martina Molgora, Charmelle D Williams, Mehdi Chaib, Anna M Highsmith, Josué E Pineda, Sayan Alekseev, Elise Alspach, Kenneth H Hu, Marco Colonna, Kristen E Pauken, Ken Chen, Matthew M Gubin Nov 2024

Comparing Neoantigen Cancer Vaccines And Immune Checkpoint Therapy Unveils An Effective Vaccine And Anti-Trem2 Macrophage-Targeting Dual Therapy, Sunita Keshari, Alexander S Shavkunov, Qi Miao, Akata Saha, Tomoyuki Minowa, Martina Molgora, Charmelle D Williams, Mehdi Chaib, Anna M Highsmith, Josué E Pineda, Sayan Alekseev, Elise Alspach, Kenneth H Hu, Marco Colonna, Kristen E Pauken, Ken Chen, Matthew M Gubin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The goal of therapeutic cancer vaccines and immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) is to promote T cells with anti-tumor capabilities. Here, we compared mutant neoantigen (neoAg) peptide-based vaccines with ICT in preclinical models. NeoAg vaccines induce the most robust expansion of proliferating and stem-like PD-1+TCF-1+ neoAg-specific CD8 T cells in tumors. Anti-CTLA-4 and/or anti-PD-1 ICT promotes intratumoral TCF-1- neoAg-specific CD8 T cells, although their phenotype depends in part on the specific ICT used. Anti-CTLA-4 also prompts substantial changes to CD4 T cells, including induction of ICOS+Bhlhe40+ T helper 1 (Th1)-like cells. Although neoAg vaccines or ICTs expand iNOS+ macrophages, neoAg vaccines …

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Modulation Of Energetic And Lipid Pathways By Curcumin As A Potential Chemopreventive Strategy In Human Prostate Cancer Cells, Michele Pellegrino, Maria Antonietta Occhiuzzi, Fedora Grande, Ilaria Stefania Pagani, Stefano Aquaro, Paola Tucci Nov 2024

Modulation Of Energetic And Lipid Pathways By Curcumin As A Potential Chemopreventive Strategy In Human Prostate Cancer Cells, Michele Pellegrino, Maria Antonietta Occhiuzzi, Fedora Grande, Ilaria Stefania Pagani, Stefano Aquaro, Paola Tucci

Staff and Researcher Publications

In Western industrialized countries, prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common malignant disease and prevalent cause of death for men. Epidemiological studies have shown that curcumin (CUR) either prevents PCa initiation or delays its progression to a more aggressive and treatment-refractory form, thus reducing related mortality. Our previous studies have proven the anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties of CUR on PCa cells. However, there are few reports of the effect of CUR on energy and lipid pathways in PCa. Herein, we show that CUR can modulate the two metabolic energy pathways, increasing glycolytic reserve and reducing oxidative phosphorylation. Moreover, …

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Evaluating The Multi-Valued Bartlett Processor, Daniel Robert Frister Nov 2024

Evaluating The Multi-Valued Bartlett Processor, Daniel Robert Frister

Dissertations and Theses

A variety of approaches exist to track targets in the ocean using acoustic sensors, and the complex mix of source characteristics, environmental effects, and sensor array limitations can make the selection of an appropriate algorithm challenging. This thesis models in simulation a recently proposed signal processing method that is intended for use with a large rectangular sensor array to track the bearings of multiple sources. The method, referred to as the Multi-Valued Bartlett (MVB) processor, is an eigenvector beamformer that leverages the capabilities of large arrays to locate in bearing multiple sources simultaneously. The analysis of this thesis details the …

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Understanding Mechanisms For Coastal Marsh Sustainability In A Changing Climate, Ashley R. Booth Nov 2024

Understanding Mechanisms For Coastal Marsh Sustainability In A Changing Climate, Ashley R. Booth

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

In the Chenier Plain of Louisiana and Texas, coastal marshes are subject to high rates of relative sea level rise (RSLR), restricted sedimentation, and declining elevation attributed to subsidence and decades of intensive management. These marshes were created via mineral sedimentation but now largely accrete via organic matter accumulation. This organic matter accumulation (OMA) – or the balance between plant productivity and decomposition – is essential for maintaining elevation and thus long-term sustainability. However, management for elevation is complicated by a poor understanding of how abiotic factors like flooding and salinity impact processes driving OMA and elevation. To better understand …

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Metabolite Signatures Of Chronological Age, Aging, Survival, And Longevity, Paola Sebastiani, Mary F Feitosa, Mary K Wojczynski, Gary J Patti, Et Al. Nov 2024

Metabolite Signatures Of Chronological Age, Aging, Survival, And Longevity, Paola Sebastiani, Mary F Feitosa, Mary K Wojczynski, Gary J Patti, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Metabolites that mark aging are not fully known. We analyze 408 plasma metabolites in Long Life Family Study participants to characterize markers of age, aging, extreme longevity, and mortality. We identify 308 metabolites associated with age, 258 metabolites that change over time, 230 metabolites associated with extreme longevity, and 152 metabolites associated with mortality risk. We replicate many associations in independent studies. By summarizing the results into 19 signatures, we differentiate between metabolites that may mark aging-associated compensatory mechanisms from metabolites that mark cumulative damage of aging and from metabolites that characterize extreme longevity. We generate and validate a metabolomic …

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New Insights Into Combined Surfzone, Embayment, And Estuarine Bathing Hazards, Christopher Stokes, Timothy Poate, Gerd Masselink, Tim Scott, Steve Instance Nov 2024

New Insights Into Combined Surfzone, Embayment, And Estuarine Bathing Hazards, Christopher Stokes, Timothy Poate, Gerd Masselink, Tim Scott, Steve Instance

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Rip currents are the single largest cause of beach safety incidents globally, but where an estuary mouth intersects a beach, additional flows are created that can exceed the speed of a typical rip current, significantly increasing the hazard level for bathers. However, there is a paucity of observations of surfzone currents at estuary mouth beaches, and our understanding and ability to predict how the bathing hazard varies under different wave and tide conditions are therefore limited. Using field observations and process-based XBeach modelling at an embayed, estuary mouth beach, we demonstrate how surfzone currents can be driven by combinations of …

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Spatial, Transcriptomic, And Epigenomic Analyses Link Dorsal Horn Neurons To Chronic Pain Genetic Predisposition, Cynthia M Arokiaraj, Alexander Chamessian, Et Al. Nov 2024

Spatial, Transcriptomic, And Epigenomic Analyses Link Dorsal Horn Neurons To Chronic Pain Genetic Predisposition, Cynthia M Arokiaraj, Alexander Chamessian, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Key mechanisms underlying chronic pain occur within the dorsal horn. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified genetic variants predisposed to chronic pain. However, most of these variants lie within regulatory non-coding regions that have not been linked to spinal cord biology. Here, we take a multi-species approach to determine whether chronic pain variants impact the regulatory genomics of dorsal horn neurons. First, we generate a large rhesus macaque single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) atlas and integrate it with available human and mouse datasets to produce a single unified, species-conserved atlas of neuron subtypes. Cellular-resolution spatial transcriptomics in mouse shows the precise …

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An Integrative Approach Clarifies Species Delimitation And Biogeographic History Of Debregeasia (Urticaceae), Amos Kipkoech, Ke Li, Richard I. Milne, Oyetola Olesegun Oyebanji, Moses C. Wambulwa, Xiao-Gang Fu, Dennis A. Wakhungu, Zheng-Yuan Wu, Jie Liu Nov 2024

An Integrative Approach Clarifies Species Delimitation And Biogeographic History Of Debregeasia (Urticaceae), Amos Kipkoech, Ke Li, Richard I. Milne, Oyetola Olesegun Oyebanji, Moses C. Wambulwa, Xiao-Gang Fu, Dennis A. Wakhungu, Zheng-Yuan Wu, Jie Liu

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Integrative data from plastid and nuclear loci are increasingly utilized to resolve species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships within major angiosperm clades. Debregeasia (Urticaceae), an economically important genus, presents challenges in species delimitation due to its overlapping morphological traits and unstable taxonomic assignments. Here, we analyzed 14 morphological traits and generated 12 data matrices from the plastomes and nrDNA using genome skimming from the nine recognized morphospecies to clarify species boundaries and assess barcode performance in Debregeasia. We also used a universal set of 353 nuclear genes to explore reticulate evolution and biogeographic history of Debregeasia. Plastomes of Debregeasia …

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Current Therapeutic Opportunities For Estrogen Receptor Mutant Breast Cancer, Murugesan Palaniappan Nov 2024

Current Therapeutic Opportunities For Estrogen Receptor Mutant Breast Cancer, Murugesan Palaniappan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Estrogen receptor α (ERα) drives two out of three breast cancers and therefore ERα is a major therapeutic target for ER-positive breast cancer patients. Drugs that inhibit ERα activity or block estrogen synthesis in the body are currently being used in the clinic to treat ER-positive breast cancer and have been quite successful in controlling breast cancer progression for the majority of patients. However, ER-positive breast cancer often becomes resistant to these endocrine therapies, leading to endocrine-resistant metastatic breast cancer, a very aggressive cancer that leads to death. Recent large-scale genomic studies have revealed a series of activating somatic mutations …

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Heroic Virtues In Space Exploration: Everydayness And Supererogation On Earth And Beyond, John N. Nielsen Nov 2024

Heroic Virtues In Space Exploration: Everydayness And Supererogation On Earth And Beyond, John N. Nielsen

Heroism Science

The space environment poses significant dangers and difficulties for human explorers—difficulties so great that it has been argued that space exploration should be exclusively conducted by automated spacecraft. The possibility of space science conducted by human astronauts in spite of these dangers presents the opportunity for individuals to exhibit traditional heroic virtues—presumably, supererogatory forms of prudence, temperance, fortitude, and justice—in the pursuit of science. In particular, the difficulties of pursuing science in the hostile conditions of extraterrestrial environments will call for physical courage in the face of personal danger, patience with the painstaking procedures of technically difficult scientific experiments performed …

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