Digital Commons Network^™

Treatment Gaps In Preventive Treatment-Eligible Migraine Patients: A Hospital-Based Study In Thailand, Thanin Asawavichienjinda

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background: Preventive treatment of migraine is necessary for patients with frequent migraine attacks to avoid migraine progression and medication overuse. In the literature, there have been a few studies, and all of them have demonstrated the low prevalence of preventive-eligible migraine patients having received migraine preventive treatments.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of using preventive migraine treatments in treatment-eligible migraine patients in Thailand[HI1] .

Methods: A hospital registry-based cross-sectional study was conducted in migraine patients between January 2007 and June 2022 at the Chulalongkorn Comprehensive Headache Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thailand. Data collected at the …

Association Of Socio-Demographic Profile And The Underlying Risk Factors Of Hypertension Among The Locals Of Prosperidad, Agusan Del Sur, Philippines, Florence Jhun F. Almadin

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background: Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, including heart disease and stroke, which are significant causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Its prevalence varies across regions and is influenced by genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the socio-demographic profile, the prevalence of hypertension, and the risk factors and associate these with the prevalence of hypertension in Prosperidad, Agusan del Sur.

Methods: Data was gathered via a survey of respondents aged 25-75 from November 2022. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the association between the sociodemographic profile and the risk factors for …

Effects Of Progressive Neuromuscular Control Training On Functional Mobility In Stroke With Bilateral Oa Knee, Sachi Rajeev Jain, Sandeep Shinde "Dr.", Shamika Shamsundar Baraskar

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Introduction- A cerebrovascular accident or stroke is the fourth major cause of mortality and the fifth major condition leading to disability in India [1]. Musculoskeletal disabilities such as osteoarthritis limit functional mobility and interfere with rehabilitation. While conventional exercises do not target improving neuromuscular or sensorimotor function, research on neuromuscular exercises in patients with degenerative pathology of the knee has been done; however, research on the effects of these exercises in stroke survivors with osteoarthritis of the both knees have not been done.

Method- 100 participants, aged 45 to 75, were distributed equally for this case control study: …

A Saudi Heart Association Position Statement On Cardiovascular Diseases And Diabetes Mellitus, Waleed Alhabeeb, Abdelfatah Elasfar, Abdulhalim Kinsara, Ahmed Aljizeeri, Ibrahim Jelaidan, Kamal Alghalayini, Mohammed F. Alkheraiji., Mousa Akbar, Sameh Lawand, Sarah M. Alyousif, Saud Alsifri, Taher Hassan

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes mellitus are prominent public health concerns in Saudi Arabia owing to their increasingly high prevalence and burden. Based on this, the Saudi Heart Association (SHA) set out to develop an official position statement on CVD and diabetes mellitus, with a focus on the prevention and management of these conditions and relevant special populations in the context of Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A multidisciplinary panel of experts met under the auspices of the SHA in a series of meetings to review and discuss available evidence on the prevention and management of comorbid CVD and diabetes mellitus. …

A Mid-20th Century Stratigraphical Anthropocene Is Recognisable In The Birth-Area Of The Industrial Revolution, Hannah Sellers, Neil Roberts

More Faculty of Science and Engineering Research

The formalisation of the Anthropocene as a subdivision of the Geological Time Scale has been under debate. Its stratigraphic boundary has been proposed as a precise Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) in the mid-20th century, but it is part of an episode of human-induced changes to the Earth System that have unfolded over millennia. Here we attempt to identify stratigraphical patterns of the Anthropocene from a previously well studied lake sedimentary archive from the English Midlands, located in one of the most heavily human-modified landscapes in the UK, and the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution. Our analysis is …

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - December 26, 2024, Lindsay Hughes

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the Thursday, December 26, 2024 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's newsletter -- Watercooler.

Contents include: 

• Medical students and staff highlight peer powered academic support program at national conference
• Medical student presents radiology research at international conference
• Sternberg inducted as president of the Medical Society of Mobile County
• Internal medicine journal club revamped for better learning experience

Womens Labor Laws, Trinity Blair

History Hawks: A North Dakota History Zine

Women in the Progressive Era were often not protected by any laws. In 1919, North Dakota passed a law limiting women's work hours. Other states were enacting laws similar to the one in North Dakota.

Eminent Domain And The Displacement Of Nd Families: The Impact Of The Garrison Dam, Lauren Steeves

History Hawks: A North Dakota History Zine

This zine looks at the consequences of the United States government exercising the power of eminent domain, as seen in the 1953 United States of America vs. Certain Lands case.

The Grasshopper Outbreak Of The 1930s, Carsen Grave

History Hawks: A North Dakota History Zine

The Dust Bowl sparked a massive grasshopper outbreak in the 1930s, forcing many North Dakotans to flee. Those who remained endured hardship and persevered, ultimately finding relief in a wet spring in 1940.

A Comparative Study Between Soft Structures And Hard Structures For The Protection Of Egypt’S Coastlines Against Climate Change, Donia Eldwib

Theses and Dissertations

Coastal communities worldwide face unprecedented threats from climate change, with rising sea levels, increased storm intensities, and accelerated coastal erosion posing significant risks. Egypt, with over 3,000 kilometers of coastlines along the Mediterranean and Red Seas, it is particularly vulnerable due to its densely populated and economically critical low-elevated coastal zones. With the Mediterranean Sea, and the Nile Delta specifically under huge threats, this study examines the different coastal protection strategies used to address these climate change impacts. Different coastal protection structures have been used throughout the years starting with the well-known hard structures moving on to greener alternatives such …

Stereotactic Cardiac Radiotherapy For Refractory Ventricular Tachycardia In Structural Heart Disease Patients: A Systematic Review, Amulya Gupta, Zeeshan Sattar, Nourhan Chaaban, Sagar Ranka, Cameron Carlson, Farhad Sami, Clifford G Robinson, Phillip S Cuculich, Seth H Sheldon, Madhu Reddy, David Akhavan, Amit Noheria

2020-Current year OA Pubs

AIMS: Among patients with structural heart disease with ventricular tachycardia (VT) refractory to medical therapy and catheter ablation, cardiac stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is a paradigm-changing treatment option. This study aims to assess the efficacy of cardiac SBRT in refractory VT by comparing the rates of VT episodes, anti-tachycardia pacing (ATP) therapies, and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) shocks post-SBRT with pre-SBRT.

METHODS AND RESULTS: We performed a comprehensive literature search and included all clinical studies reporting outcomes on cardiac SBRT for VT. Treatment efficacy was evaluated as random-effects pooled rate-ratios of VT episodes, ATP therapies and ICD shocks post-SBRT (after 6-week …

Challenges And Opportunities In Implementing And Enforcing India’S Loose Cigarette Sales Ban: A Qualitative Stakeholder Analysis, Mayank Sakhuja, Daniela B. Friedman Ph.D., Mark M. Macauda Phd, Mph, James R. Hebert Scd, Mangesh S. Pednekar, Prakash C. Gupta, James F. Thrasher Ph.D., Ma, Ms

Faculty Publications

Introduction Several Indian states have banned the sale of loose cigarettes, and India is considering a national ban. This study examines the perceptions of policymakers, implementers, and law enforcement officials regarding the implementation and enforcement of this ban. Methods Between May–October 2022, we conducted in-depth interviews with 26 key stakeholders involved in tobacco control in two Indian cities, Delhi (where the ban was not implemented) and Mumbai (where the ban was in effect). Participants included representatives from various government departments such as police, municipal corporations, FDA, health, and civil society organizations / NGOs such as Vital Strategies, World Health Organization, …

Effect Of Improving Food Security On Parenting Practices And Caregiver–Adolescent Relationships: Qualitative Findings Of An Income-Generating Agricultural Intervention In Rural Kenya, Maricianah A. Onono, Lila Sheira, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Gladys Odhiambo, Pauline Wekesa, Amy Conroy, Elizabeth A. Bukusi, Craig R. Cohen, Sheri D. Weiser

Faculty Publications

Background

Despite the recognised links between food insecurity and parenting, few studies have evaluated the perceived impacts of livelihood or food security interventions on parental practices, intra-household functioning, adolescent behaviour and psychosocial outcomes in HIV-affected households in sub-Saharan Africa.

Aims

The study aimed to understand the perceived effects of food security on parenting practices and how this was experienced by both adolescent girls (aged 13–19 years) and their caregivers in rural Kenya.

Method

We conducted semi-structured, individual interviews with 62 caregiver–adolescent dyads who were participants in the adolescent Shamba Maisha (NCT03741634), a sub-study of adolescent girls and caregivers with a …

Evolving Philanthropy Among The Chinese In The Philippines: Then And Now, Jane T. Yugioksing

Chinese Studies Department Faculty Publications

A long history of charitable acts among overseas Chinese especially in the Southeast Asian region, labeled as “diasporic philanthropy,”1 gathered more scholarly attention in recent years. In the Philippines, the complex Chinese diaspora communities layered from first to fifth-generation overseas Chinese to the new Chinese immigrants (NCI) present themselves with multifaceted means of giving back either to their home country or host country. Bearing a sojourner’s mentality, the first generation of Chinese instituted most of their philanthropic action alongside the interest of the motherland, while the succeeding generations navigate their cultural identity and find themselves in the intersection of giving …

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Cutaneous Adverse Events: Mechanisms Of Occurrence, Abdulaziz M. Eshaq, Thomas W. Flanagan, Abdulqader A. Ba Abbad, Zain Alabden A. Makarem, Mohammed S. Bokir, Ahmed K. Alasheq, Sara A. Al Asheikh, Abdullah M. Almashhor, Faroq Binyamani, Waleed A. Al-Amoudi, Abdulaziz S. Bawzir, Youssef Haikel, Mossad Megahed, Mohamed Hassan

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Immunotherapy, particularly that based on blocking checkpoint proteins in many tumors, including melanoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), triple-negative breast (TNB cancer), renal cancer, and gastrointestinal and endometrial neoplasms, is a therapeutic alternative to chemotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based therapies have the potential to target different pathways leading to the destruction of cancer cells. Although ICIs are an effective treatment strategy for patients with highly immune-infiltrated cancers, the development of different adverse effects including cutaneous adverse effects during and after the treatment with ICIs is common. ICI-associated cutaneous adverse effects include mostly inflammatory and bullous dermatoses, as …

State Of Utah, Appellee V. Robert Kyle Payne, Appellant : Reply Brief, Utah Court Of Appeals

Utah Court of Appeals Briefs (2020 –)

Colleen K. Coebergh,

Expressing Opinions With Verbal Irony On The Illegal Acts In The Case Of Flares And Football Cheering:, Siravast Kavilanan

Journal of Letters

Verbal irony is a statement with an opposite meaning. This research aimed to study the characteristics and functions of verbal irony used to express opinions on the illegal acts in the case of flares and football cheering based on the pragmatics approach. Data was collected from June 25, 2023, to December 31, 2023. The analysis results revealed that the Facebook users used six types of verbal irony, namely contradictory adjacent expressions, echoic irony, irrational expressions, overly exaggerated expressions, inappropriate language, and comparison. These types of verbal irony were used to express sarcasm, tease, instruct, and criticize. It is the function …

Weed Incursion Of Irrigated Forage–Forb Mixtures Under Mob Grazing Or Mowing In The Mountain West Usa, Jennifer Macadam, Jared Gibbons, Xin Dai

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

Improving the quality of irrigated pastures can increase the profitability of ruminant production systems. Increasing pasture plant biodiversity is beneficial for ruminants, pollinators, and soil health, but it is challenging to manage weed incursion in seeded mixed-species pastures. This study assessed the weed incursion that resulted when forage legumes or grasses were seeded as binary mixtures with one of four non-legume forbs. Defoliation occurred at 6-week intervals as either mowing or mob grazing. Forbs were chicory, plantain, Lewis flax, or small burnet and forages were alfalfa, birdsfoot trefoil, creeping foxtail, intermediate wheatgrass, kura clover, meadow bromegrass, orchardgrass, perennial ryegrass, reed …

Update On Strategies To Reduce Early Brain Injury After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Bosco Seong Kyu Yang, Aaron M Gusdon, Xuefang Sophie Ren, Han-Gil Jeong, Chang-Hun Lee, Spiros Blackburn, Huimahn Alex Choi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose of review: Early brain injury (EBI) after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is the most influential clinical determinant of outcomes. Despite significant advances in understanding of the pathophysiology of EBI, currently no treatments to target EBI have been developed. This review summarizes recent advances in EBI research over the past five years with a focus on potential therapeutic targets.

Recent findings: Mechanism-specific translational studies are converging on several pathophysiologic pathways: improved antioxidant delivery and the Sirt1/Nrf2 pathway for reactive oxygen species; NLRP3 inflammasome and microglial polarization for inflammation; and the PI3K/Akt pathway for apoptosis. Recently identified mechanistic components, such as …

Stem Cell Activity-Coupled Suppression Of Endogenous Retrovirus Governs Adult Tissue Regeneration, Ying Lyu, Soo Jin Kim, Ericka S Humphrey, Richa Nayak, Yinglu Guan, Qingnan Liang, Kun Hee Kim, Yukun Tan, Jinzhuang Dou, Huandong Sun, Xingzhi Song, Priyadharsini Nagarajan, Kamryn N Gerner-Mauro, Kevin Jin, Virginia Liu, Rehman H Hassan, Miranda L Johnson, Lisa P Deliu, Yun You, Anurag Sharma, H Amalia Pasolli, Yue Lu, Jianhua Zhang, Vakul Mohanty, Ken Chen, Youn Joo Yang, Taiping Chen, Yejing Ge

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Mammalian retrotransposons constitute 40% of the genome. During tissue regeneration, adult stem cells coordinately repress retrotransposons and activate lineage genes, but how this coordination is controlled is poorly understood. Here, we observed that dynamic expression of histone methyltransferase SETDB1 (a retrotransposon repressor) closely mirrors stem cell activities in murine skin. SETDB1 ablation leads to the reactivation of endogenous retroviruses (ERVs, a type of retrotransposon) and the assembly of viral-like particles, resulting in hair loss and stem cell exhaustion that is reversible by antiviral drugs. Mechanistically, at least two molecularly and spatially distinct pathways are responsible: antiviral defense mediated by hair …

Improving Pediatric Magnetic Resonance Imaging Safety By Enhanced Non-Technical Skills And Team Collaboration, Masashi Uramatsu, Hidekuni Takahashi, Paul Barach, Yoshikazu Fujisawa, Megumi Takahashi, Shiro Mishima, Gaku Yamanaka

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Safe pediatric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ideally relies on non-sedative techniques, as avoiding risky sedation is inherently safer. However, in practice, sedation often becomes unavoidable, particularly for younger children or those with anxiety, to ensure motion-free, high-quality imaging. This narrative review explores the current practices and proposes strategies to enhance safety in pediatric MRI examinations.

METHODS: We identified and analyzed 247 studies addressing various aspects of pediatric MRI safety, including sedation protocols, patient monitoring, and team-based management approaches.

RESULTS: Safe sedation requires careful drug selection tailored to individual needs, continuous monitoring, and robust emergency preparedness. While efforts are underway …

A Conceptual Framework To Assess The Health, Socioeconomic And Environmental Burden Of Chronic Kidney Disease, Charlotte Johnston-Webber, Isaac Bencomo-Bermudez, George Wharton, Robin Van Kessel, Salvatore Barone, Francisco Brotons Muntó, Steven Chadban, Juan Jose Garcia Sanchez, Janwillem Kocks, Kyra Obolensky, Petra Sandow, Neil Skolnik, Ming-Hui Zhao, Alexei Volaco, David Wheeler, Alistair Mcguire, Elias Mossialos

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health challenge that affects patients, caregivers, healthcare systems, the environment and national economies. Despite its far-reaching impact, there is no framework to systematically evaluate national CKD prevention and management programmes or evaluate the societal burden of disease. This paper has two objectives: first, to introduce a comprehensive framework to assess national programmes, which recognises gaps and weaknesses and identifies feasible policy interventions to reduce overall CKD burden; second, to present some key challenges and success stories in delivering CKD services delivered in eight different country settings. A literature review informed an initial version …

Investigating Changes In Connected Speech In Nonfluent/Agrammatic Primary Progressive Aphasia Following Script Training, Stephanie M. Grasso, Karinne Berstis, Kristin Schaffer Mendez, Willa R. Keegan-Rodewald, Lisa D. Wauters, Eduardo Europa, H. Isabel Hubbard, Heather R. Dial, J. Gregory Hixon, Maria Luisa Gorno-Tempini, Adam Vogel, Maya L. Henry

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Script training is a speech-language intervention designed to promote fluent connected speech via repeated rehearsal of functional content. This type of treatment has proven beneficial for individuals with aphasia and apraxia of speech caused by stroke and, more recently, for individuals with primary progressive aphasia (PPA). In the largest study to-date evaluating the efficacy of script training in individuals with nonfluent/agrammatic primary progressive aphasia (nfvPPA; Henry et al., 2018), robust treatment effects were observed, with maintenance of gains up to one year post-treatment. However, outcomes were constrained to measures of script accuracy, intelligibility, and grammaticality, providing a limited view of …

Pathophysiological Features Of Remodeling In Vascular Diseases: Impact Of Inhibitor Of Dna-Binding/Differentiation-3 And Estrogenic Endocrine Disruptors, Muni Rubens, Venkataraghavan Ramamoorthy

All Publications

Vascular diseases, such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, cerebrovascular, and peripheral arterial diseases, present major clinical and public health challenges, largely due to their common underlying process: vascular remodeling. This process involves structural alterations in blood vessels, driven by a variety of molecular mechanisms. The inhibitor of DNA-binding/differentiation-3 (ID3), a crucial member of ID family of transcriptional regulators, has been identified as a key player in vascular biology, significantly impacting the progression of these diseases. This review explores the role of ID3 in vascular remodeling, emphasizing its involvement in processes such as apoptosis, cell proliferation, and extracellular matrix regulation. Furthermore, …

Derivation And Validation Of The Simplified Bleedingaudit Triage Trauma (Sbatt) Score: A Simplified Trauma Score For Major Trauma Patients Injured In Motor Vehicle Collisions, Tim Nutbeam, Willem Stassen, Emily Foote, Francois-Xavier Ageron

School of Health Professions

Objectives To develop and validate a simplified Bleeding Audit Triage Trauma (sBATT) score for use by lay persons, or in areas and environments where physiological monitoring equipment may be unavailable or inappropriate.Design The sBATT was derived from the original BATT, which included prehospital systolic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate, respiratory rate, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), age and trauma mechanism. Variables suitable for lay interpretation without monitoring equipment were included (age, level of consciousness, absence of radial pulse, tachycardia and trapped status). The sBATT was validated using data from the UK Trauma Audit Research Network (TARN) registry.Setting Data sourced from prehospital …

Multisociety Endorsement Of The 2024 European Guideline Recommendations On Coronary Revascularization, Victor Dayan, Joseph F Sabik, Minoru Ono, Marc Ruel, Song Wan, Lars G Svensson, Leonard N Girardi, Y Joseph Woo, Vinay Badhwar, Marc R Moon, Wilson Y Szeto, Vinod H Thourani, Rui M S Almeida, Zhe Zheng, Walter J Gomes, Dawn S Hui, Rosemary F Kelly, Miguel Sousa Uva, Joanna Chikwe, Faisal G Bakaeen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Cochlear Mechanics Are Preserved After Inner Ear Delivery Of Gold Nanoparticles, Dorothy W Pan, Jinkyung Kim, Patricia M Quiñones, Anthony J Ricci, Brian E Applegate, John S Oghalai

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Novel therapeutic delivery systems and delivery methods to the inner ear are necessary to treat hearing loss and inner ear disorders. However, numerous barriers exist to therapeutic delivery into the bone-encased and immune-privileged environment of the inner ear and cochlea, which makes treating inner ear disorders challenging. Nanoparticles (NPs) are a type of therapeutic delivery system that can be engineered for multiple purposes, and posterior semicircular canal (PSCC) infusion is a method to directly deposit them into the cochlea. We sought to assess PSCC infusion of gold NPs into the cochlea, including the NPs' distribution and effect on cochlear mechanics. …

Auditing The Future: Ensuring Ethical And Secure Ai And Quantum Computing Itgc And Business Controls, Ramkumar Bharathan

Defensive Publications Series

Artificial intelligence (AI) and quantum computing are rapidly transforming the business landscape, demanding a parallel evolution in auditing frameworks to ensure their ethical, secure, and reliable deployment. This paper presents a comprehensive auditing approach tailored to the unique challenges posed by these technologies, aligning with Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX), International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), and Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). It addresses key control areas, including access controls, change management, data integrity, model validation, and incident management, providing detailed audit steps with walkthroughs and testing examples. The framework incorporates EU guidance on algorithms and AI governance, emphasizing algorithmic bias mitigation, data privacy, …

Living With Quadriplegia: A Journey Of Personal And Professional Development, James Arkwright

Heroism Science

In this article, I provide an autoethnographic account of the discursive and narrative changes I have experienced and the agency I have found, following an accident thirty-seven years ago that resulted in permanent spinal cord injury. Initially losing my career and identity as a farmer, my hope and survival depended on adopting new frameworks of understanding – both in terms of the physical realities of living with incomplete quadriplegia and in becoming subjectively positioned quite differently than I was as an able-bodied male with farming knowledge and skills. In more recent years, as my spinal health and mobility have deteriorated, …

Can Animal Consciousness Be Resolved Scientifically?, Yoram Gutfreund

Animal Sentience

Carolyn Ristau's biography of Donald Griffin is a comprehensive work that sheds light on a seminal chapter in the history of ethology—the ambitious attempt to establish a research field dedicated to animal consciousness. Although Donald Griffin's endeavor ultimately fell short of its revolutionary goals, it catalyzed significant progress in understanding evolution and mechanisms of animal cognition.