Digital Commons Network^™

Debt, Race, And Physical Mobility, Kate Sablosky Elengold

Faculty Publications

Residents in every state in the United States can lose their driver’s license or car registration because they owe debt to the state. At least eleven million people across the United States suffer these debt-based driving restrictions at any given time. Because Americans overwhelmingly rely on personal automobiles for transportation, states, by controlling access to driver’s licenses and vehicle registrations, use debt policy to control where and how people travel. And because these laws disproportionately affect people of color, primarily Black people, this kind of regulation props up racial segregation in both location and opportunity. This Article’s first contribution is …

Enhancing Forest Monitoring And Management In Southern New England Through Gis Analysis, Remote Sensing, And Predictive Models: Assessing Tree Mortality And Enhancing Infrastructure Resilience, Liubov Dumarevskaya

Open Access Dissertations

Forests have immense economic value, contributing to industries such as timber production, nontimber forest products, and ecotourism (Wang et al., 2022). Additionally, forest ecosystems play a crucial role in mitigating climate change by acting as carbon sinks (Yingchun et al., 2012). However, forests also pose hazards to humans and infrastructure. Fallen trees, limbs, and contact of tree branches with power lines create numerous hazards to public safety, property damage, and substantial economic losses from power outages. Studies report that the total cost of storm-related power outages in the United States range from $20-150 billion annually (Campbell et al., 2021; Swaminathan …

A Review On Chemometrics And Climate Change: Insights From Malaysia Case Study, Ismafatin Nabilah Ismail, Mohd Khairul Amri Kamarudin, Wan Nor Azilawanie Tun Ismail, Noorjima Abd Wahab, Ahmad Shakir Mohd Saudi, Mohd Ekhwan Toriman, Firdaus Mohamad Hamzah, Septi Ariadi

Applied Environmental Research

Climate change consider as main issues and concerns in Malaysia over the decade. Chemometrics techniques have been used in many climate change issues to address the limitations of climate change monitoring studies. In climate change areas, chemometrics is a valuable tool for assessing the correlation between different climate change factors, especially in vast and intricate databases. The purpose of the review was to evaluate and summarise the available data and restrictions regarding the use of chemometrics techniques in Malaysian environmental studies. The study conducted a thorough analysis of pertinent scientific papers published between 2019 to 2023 that addressed the main …

Weighted Effect Of Concentrated Cracking On The Structural Integrity Of Concrete Bridge Decks, Md Ala Uddin

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Concrete bridge decks are vital components of transportation infrastructure, yet their deterioration due to aging, environmental, and operational factors poses significant challenges to maintenance and safety. In the United States, approximately 9.1% of bridges require improvement, with millions of daily trips relying on structurally deficient bridges. Cracking is one of the most frequently observed defects on concrete bridge structures. Traditional bridge inspections evaluate cracks based on severity (crack width) and extent (crack area), combining these values with other performance indicators to assess overall bridge health. However, the effect of concentrated cracking in localized areas on bridge integrity remains largely unexplored. …

The Warrant Impact Study: Evaluating The Effects Of Bench Warrants On Individuals And Communities, Patrick C. Brayer

Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Community Caretaking Exception Saves Lives . . . The Supreme Court Disagrees, Gabriella Lorenzo

Touro Law Review

As many are aware, the Fourth Amendment protects the people against unreasonable searches and seizures. A warrant is necessary for said activities. While there are a few exceptions to the warrant requirement, the Supreme Court recently held that the community caretaking exception does not extend to the home. Extending this exception to the home would allow police officers to enter and engage in functions that are unrelated to the investigation of a crime. Essentially, this exception would allow police to aid individuals and prevent serious, dangerous situations to protect the community. This Note discusses why the Supreme Court erred in …

Pandemics Of Limitation Of Rights, Rinat Kitai-Sangero

Touro Law Review

This Article discusses the limitation of rights due to pandemics. It analyzes from a constitutional standpoint the holding of the German Federal Constitutional Court (Das BUNDESVERFASSUNGSGERICHT) from April 2022 as a symptom of moral panic disguised through an analytical process. Though it focuses on this case, it sheds light on the moral panic that characterized many countries’ approaches during the COVID-19 pandemic. On April 27, 2022, the German Federal Constitutional Court held that a provision to provide proof of vaccination against COVID-19, recovery from COVID-19, or a medical exemption to COVID-19 vaccination as a condition of employment in the health …

Is Jacobson V. Massachusetts Viable After A Century Of Dormancy? A Review In The Face Of Covid-19, Sawan Talwar

Touro Law Review

The COVID-19 pandemic has stretched us into the vast unknowns, emotionally, logically, politically, and legally. Relying on their police power, governments inched into the darkness of the powers’ fullest extent, leaving many to wonder whether the exercise of this power was constitutional. This Article examines the extent of the police power that both the federal and state governments have, and how Jacobson v. Massachusetts1 was the “silver bullet” for governments across the United States. Further, this Article provides an overview of police power, and the status of COVID-19 mandates. This Article additionally examines quarantine case law and provides an analysis …

Comment On Part 4 Essays: Goodwin And Dailey And Rosenbury, Elizabeth S. Scott

Faculty Scholarship

Professors Michelle Goodwin and Anne Dailey and President Laura Rosenbury have written two compelling essays on Part 4 of the Restatement of Children and the Law, dealing with Children in Society. Goodwin’s essay, She’s So Exceptional: Rape and Incest Exceptions Post-Dobbs, focuses on § 19.02 of the Restatement, dealing with the right of minors to reproductive health treatments. This Section was approved by the American Law Institute before the Supreme Court decided Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization, overturning Roe v. Wade. In her essay, Goodwin explores the harms that will follow if minors’ right of access …

They're Cops, Too, Shanée Brown

Scholarly Works

Caseworkers or child protective workers are government officials tasked with investigating allegedly endangered children and their parents or guardians. They work for state agencies and exercise police power, but this kind of police power intrusively interferes with the life of an individual more than police power wielded by other law enforcement agencies. The Fourth Amendment provides individuals with protections against illegal searches and seizures of bodies and private spaces by the government, and police officers, as well as caseworkers, are required to respect these constitutional protections. Caseworkers, who are state actors, are dedicated to public safety in that they have …

California Carbon Sequestration And Carbon Dioxide Pipeline Regulation In An Era Of Climate Change: Technology And Policy, Robert A. Mason

Master's Projects

This report serves primary purpose of finding prospective policies that could be useful in CARB’s new carbon sequestration program as mandated by S. B. 905. The bill states program goals and provides several objectives that direct the California Natural Resources Agency (CNRA), the California Air Resource Board (CARB), and the California Geological Survey (CGS, or just Survey) with various responsibilities. Curiously, S.B. 905 does not mention the Office of State Fire Marshal (OSFM or CalFire), although it has primary responsibility for issuing permits for hazardous pipelines as an agent of the federal Pipelines and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA).

Pipelines …

The Domestic And International Limitations Of The Third-Party Doctrine In The Digital Age, Miguel E. Serrano

American University Business Law Review

This Comment argues that the third-party doctrine further alienates EU-U.S. partnerships because the doctrine subverts privacy interests as binding legal precedent. Part II will explore the history of the third-party doctrine up until the Carpenter decision and explain why U.S. privacy rights are linked with access to third-party information. This Comment will further outline EU data protection laws, EU legislation, and the CJEU’s Schrems II decision. In Part III, this Comment will also analyze the new data protection framework, Executive Order 14086, and discuss whether it fails to overcome the CJEU’s concerns over U.S. privacy laws for EU subjects. By …

The Regulatory Power Exception To The Automatic Stay, Kathleen Gatti

Bankruptcy Research Library

(Excerpt)

Upon a filing a petition under title 11 of the United States Code (the "Bankruptcy Code"), all actions against a debtor are generally automatically stayed. While the automatic stay is broad, there are exceptions. Under the regulatory power or police power exception, a governmental unit or organization is not stayed from taking any action "to enforce such governmental unit's or organization's police and regulatory power." Not all actions by a government are immune from the automatic stay. Courts have generally held that an action to effectuate a "public policy" is not stayed, but an action to advance the government’s …

Actionpoint: An App To Combat Cyberbullying By Strengthening Parent-Teen Relationships, Maddie Juarez, Natali Barragan, Deborah Hall, George K. Thiruvathukal, Yasin Silva

Computer Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Overview: Urgent need for intervention tools to mitigate increase in cyberbullying • ActionPoint is based on parent-teen relationship research • App includes interactive modules to improve family communication and online behavior to combat cyberbullying effects • To be presented in the IEEE World Forum on Public Safety Technology 2024.

Actionpoint: An App To Combat Cyberbullying Via The Strengthening Of Parent-Teen Relationships, Maddie Juarez, Natali Barragan, Deborah Hall, George K. Thiruvathukal, Yasin N. Silva

Computer Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Due to the increased prevalence of cyberbullying and the detrimental impact it can have on adolescents, there is a critical need for tools to help combat cyberbullying. This paper introduces the ActionPoint app, a mobile application based on empirical work highlighting the importance of strong parent-teen relationships for reducing cyberbullying risk. The app is designed to help families improve their communication skills, set healthy boundaries for social media use, identify instances of cyberbullying and cyberbullying risk, and, ultimately, decrease the negative outcomes associated with cyberbullying. The app guides parents and teens through a series of interactive modules that engage them …

Opportunities Out Of Challenges In Dental Education: Two Deans’ Perspectives, Clark M. Stanford Dds, Phd, Mha, David Johnsen Dds, Ms

Journal of the American College of Dentists

Addressing the challenges and creating opportunities in dental education requires a multifaceted approach involving curriculum innovation, technological integration, financial support, and mental health resources. Educational institutions must continue to work collaboratively with stakeholders, including government bodies, private sectors, and professional organizations, to develop sustainable solutions. We recognize this will take a multiprong approach. Dentists are great at problem-solving, and we are confident dental education will remain relevant, accessible, and of the highest quality, ultimately leading to a well-prepared dental workforce capable of meeting the rapidly evolving needs of our society.

I Am A Man: Understanding Black Male Identity And Mental Health Needs, Rommel Johnson

School of Rehabilitation Services & Counseling Faculty Publications

Despite the historical and perpetual trauma, racism, discrimination, socio-economical, and socio-political disparities they have experienced in the United States, Black men have consistently forged ways to demonstrate resilience and assert their own sense of autonomy and masculinity. Nevertheless, their ecological context of living in a country that has historically sought to dehumanize them and eradicate their manhood is cumbersome to their mental wellbeing. Furthermore, the tendency by researchers to pathologize Black males obfuscates the reality of their situation in the United States, minimizing their mental needs. Understanding both the complexity of their ecological context as well as their adaptability and …

Graduate Catalog 2024-2025, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

Graduate Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Proposed Methodologies To Cure The No-Fly List’S Current Violations Of The Due Process Clause For Affected U.S. Citizens, Sierra Stone

Journal of Air Law and Commerce

Often, the No-Fly List is a helpful tool that increases the safety of commercial aviation for U.S. citizens flying domestically and internationally. The TSA and various intergovernmental agencies utilize a nomination process and those who meet the requisite criteria are added to a database and can be entered into the No-Fly List. Once being placed on the “List,” an individual is no longer allowed to board a flight flying anywhere within or over U.S. airspace. However, for a small number of people, this deprivation of the ability to fly came unjustifiably and without realistic opportunities to be removed from the …

The Potential For Conflicts Between Ccs Projects And Mineral Extraction, Joseph Schremmer

Faculty Articles

This article classifies the types of conflicts likely to occur between carbon dioxide sequestration and mineral extraction operations occurring simultaneously on the same tract of land. It then sets up framework for thinking through the legal disputes that may result. These are modest goals, and the central problem—concurrent carbon dioxide sequestration and mineral development—is more complex than can be fully analyzed here. I expect that much more work will need to be done on other important questions, hopefully building on this framework. Three further questions worthy of attention are (i) how these principles guide resolutions of specific kinds of disputes, …

มาตรการส่งเสริมการมีตัวแทนภาษีขึ้นทะเบียนในประเทศไทย, รัสรินทร์ ตันตราชัย

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การจัดการภาษีในประเทศไทยยังคงเผชิญกับความซับซ้อนของกฎหมายและกระบวนการยื่นแบบภาษี ซึ่งส่งผลให้เกิดข้อผิดพลาดและความเสี่ยงในการถูกลงโทษทางกฎหมาย ปัจจุบัน ระบบภาษีของไทยยังขาดมาตรการที่ส่งเสริมและควบคุมตัวแทนภาษีในระดับบุคคลที่ชัดเจน การพัฒนาระบบตัวแทนภาษีขึ้นทะเบียนจึงมีความสำคัญในการเพิ่มความน่าเชื่อถือและประสิทธิภาพของระบบภาษี โดยเฉพาะในกรณีที่ผู้เสียภาษีต้องการความช่วยเหลือจากผู้เชี่ยวชาญในการจัดการภาษีอย่างถูกต้องและครบถ้วนงานวิจัยนี้มุ่งเน้นการวิเคราะห์มาตรการส่งเสริมการมีตัวแทนภาษีขึ้นทะเบียนในประเทศไทย โดยพิจารณาแนวคิดเกี่ยวกับการเพิ่มความน่าเชื่อถือของตัวแทนภาษี ศึกษามาตรการตัวแทนภาษีที่ใช้ในประเทศไทย เปรียบเทียบกับมาตรการตัวแทนภาษีในประเทศสหรัฐอเมริกาซึ่งเป็นระบบขึ้นทะเบียนตัวแทนภาษี แบ่งเป็น 3 ประเภท (1) ตัวแทนที่ลงทะเบียน โดยผ่านการสอบหรือมีประสบการณ์การทำงานกับกรมสรรพากรตามกำหนด (2) ผู้ตรวจสอบบัญชีรับอนุญาต และ (3) ทนายความ มีสิทธิในการเป็นตัวแทนต่อหน้ากรมสรรพากรได้อย่างไม่จำกัด (Unlimited representation rights) ผู้เชี่ยวชาญด้านภาษีที่มีคุณสมบัติเหล่านี้สามารถเป็นตัวแทนลูกค้าในเรื่องใดก็ได้ ตั้งแต่การยื่นแบบ การให้คำปรึกษา รวมทั้งการตรวจสอบ ปัญหาการชำระเงิน/การจัดเก็บ การอุทธรณ์ และการเป็นตัวแทนในศาล ผลการศึกษาพบว่าในประเทศไทยแม้ว่ากรมสรรพากรจะมีการกำหนดบทบาทของสำนักงานบัญชีตัวแทนที่ได้รับอนุญาตให้ยื่นแบบแสดงรายการภาษีและชำระภาษีในนามของผู้เสียภาษี แต่บทบาทดังกล่าวยังคงจำกัดอยู่ในรูปแบบองค์กร โดยไม่มีการรับรองตัวแทนภาษีที่มีความเชี่ยวชาญเฉพาะด้านในระดับบุคคลที่ครอบคลุมและเป็นมาตรฐาน การเพิ่มระบบการขึ้นทะเบียนตัวแทนภาษีสามารถเพิ่มความน่าเชื่อถือให้แก่ตัวแทนภาษี ช่วยลดข้อผิดพลาดในการยื่นแบบภาษี อำนวยความสะดวกให้แก่ผู้เสียภาษีเพื่อเป็นทางเลือกในการยื่นแบบผ่านตัวแทนภาษีขึ้นทะเบียน และสร้างความมั่นใจในกระบวนการจัดเก็บภาษีได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพบทสรุปจากการวิเคราะห์มาตรการส่งเสริมการมีตัวแทนภาษีขึ้นทะเบียนในประเทศไทย ผู้เขียนเห็นว่า รัฐควรสนับสนุนออกประกาศคำสั่งกรมสรรพากรโดยอาศัยอำนาจตามความในประมวลรัษฎากร โดยเหตุที่การจัดเก็บภาษีอากรตามประมวลรัษฎากรอยู่ในอำนาจหน้าที่และการควบคุมของกรมสรรพากร ทั้งนี้ ตามมาตรา 5 แห่งประมวลรัษฎากร เพื่อให้การควบคุมและกำกับดูแลการจัดเก็บภาษีอากรตามประมวลรัษฎากรเป็นไปอย่างมีประสิทธิภาพ ให้ตัวแทนภาษีขึ้นทะเบียนซึ่งมีคุณสมบัติตามหลักเกณฑ์ที่กรมสรรพากรกำหนดสามารถยื่นแบบแสดงรายการภาษีและชำระ หรือดำเนินการอื่นใดตามที่อธิบดีกรมสรรพากรกำหนดในนามของผู้มีหน้าที่เสียภาษีได้

The Lawnmower And The Pediatric Lower Extremity: A Catastrophic Combination, Sairandri Sathyanarayanan, Chioma G Obinero, Jackson C Green, Kasra N Fallah, Matthew R Greives, Wendy Chen, Phuong D Nguyen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Lower extremity (LE) trauma within the pediatric population may be debilitating and have different implications and etiologies than in adults. Specifically, lawnmower injuries can cause catastrophic sequelae to the lower extremities, often requiring complex reconstruction or resulting in amputation. This study aims to present our experience with pediatric LE lawnmower injuries at one of the busiest level 1 trauma centers in the United States.

METHODS: An IRB-approved retrospective analysis was performed studying pediatric patients (age < 18 >years) who experienced LE trauma due to a lawnmower injury over a 5-year period (2012-2017). Patient demographics, perioperative data, and types of reconstruction were …

A Resilient Decarbonization Package For The Hoopa Shopping Center, Esther Obikoya

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

The Hoopa Shopping Center, located within the Hoopa Valley Tribe Reservation, faces significant energy cost fluctuations and reliability issues. Given the susceptibility of remote communities to power disruptions, the Tribe's move toward achieving a sustainable and resilient power infrastructure is essential. This study investigates the technical and economic decarbonization strategies for the Hoopa Shopping Center, focusing on reducing energy bills, energy consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions through electrification and energy efficiency improvements, as well as the integration of renewable energy sources.

This decarbonization could be done in a way consistent with the development of a microgrid to energize the community …

An Intersectional Analysis Of Findings From Humboldt County: The California Cannabis Worker And Equity Survey, Jennifer A. Smith

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

This study explores how intersectional axes of identity, particularly gender and race, shape the experiences of precarity and resistance among cannabis workers in Humboldt County amid the industry's ongoing transition to legalization. Drawing on survey data from a diverse sample of 58 cannabis workers, the analysis revealed complex dimensions of precarity, including structural, physical, socioemotional, and material issues. Findings indicate that BIPOC workers, particularly men, face heightened structural precarity compared to their white counterparts, while the intersection of race and gender exacerbated vulnerabilities for BIPOC women and beyond binary individuals. Despite these challenges, workers demonstrated resilience and advocacy, emphasizing their …

2023-24 Annual Report, Tennessee. Board Of Paroles

Annual Reports

This document is the annual report for the Tennessee Board of Parole during the fiscal year.

Powerless Beings: Solitary Confinement Of Humans And Nonhumans In America, Michael B. Mushlin, David N. Cassuto

Nebraska Law Review

Every day, thousands of humans and millions of nonhumans endure solitary confinement. Human prisoners held in this way are confined for twenty-two to twenty-four hours a day for weeks, months, or even years on end in cells the size of a parking space. For these humans, the experience is tortuous. Captive animals held in solitary confinement similarly spend much of their lives locked into tiny spaces, isolated, and deprived of the types of interactions and environment essential to their wellbeing. And, like humans, they are driven mad. In human and nonhuman settings, the agony of solitary is chillingly alike and …

Codifying Murphy’S Law: The Necessity Of A Statutory Intrastate Mutual Aid Compact (Imac) In Nebraska, Taylor Brown

Nebraska Law Review

There is an adage that states, “whatever that can go wrong will go wrong.” This idea leads emergency managers to develop ideas and programs which allow political entities to respond to and mitigate disasters. However, there will inevitably be situations where some loss is unavoidable. Ideally, lawyers are heavily involved before and throughout the response to improve these outcomes in a practice known as “litigation mitigation.”

Litigation mitigation has three goals: reduce exposure to legal claims, improve safety, and enhance property protection. One way to accomplish all three of these goals is to seek external assistance when a disaster is …

Relying On Unreliable Tech: Unchecked Police Use Of Algorithmic Technologies, Fraerman, Ali

Santa Clara High Technology Law Journal

In the past two decades, police forces have come to rely on algorithm-based technologies for investigative leads. Several of these technologies are unreliable. They are prone to error, misidentifying suspects, and crimes. When relied upon, they lead to false arrests and unnecessary stop-and-frisks. Yet, there is no coercive mechanism, either regulatory or judicial, that meaningfully governs the use of these algorithmic technologies in law enforcement. As a result, law enforcement agencies are free to disregard potential errors and deploy emerging technologies against communities with little recourse.

This Article looks closely at three technologies—ShotSpotter gunshot detection, facial recognition technology, and rapid …

The Predictive Validity Of Sex Offender Treatment Progress Scale (Sotips) Using Iowa Sex Offenders, Holly Kelley-Chown

Theses and Dissertations

This study is a replication study of McGrath, Lasher, and Cumming's 2012 study. McGrath et al.'s population consisted of convicted Vermont sex offenders, while this replication study's population consisted of convicted Iowa sex offenders. Nearly 2,000 sex offenders are under the Iowa Department of Corrections community supervision (Daily Statistics-DOC Offender, 2023). Iowa uses SOTIPS, Static-99R, and the Iowa Risk Revised (IRR) to determine recidivism risk and supervision levels. The Static-99R was developed in Canada and has been validated in several jurisdictions, including Iowa (Statistical validation of the ISORA8 & Static-99 final report, 2010). The IRR was developed in Iowa using …

Harm-Focused Policing: A Comparison Of Citizen And Patrol Deputy Perceptions On The Severity Of Social Harms, Christina Finn

Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the perceptions of Volusia County citizens and patrol deputies regarding the severity of social harms attributed to incidents of criminal activity. Despite the widespread assessments of crime, the perceptions of associated harms remain unclear. Developing a social harm index may provide current insight into the opinions of harm as perceived by both the public and law enforcement agencies. Using a sequential explanatory mixed method design, patrol deputies from the Volusia County Sheriff’s Office and residents of Volusia County, Florida, were invited to complete a series of surveys and follow-up interviews. This study aimed to compare participant ratings …