Digital Commons Network^™

Monthly Changes In Plant Biomass, Net Primary Productivity And Transfer Dynamics Of A Tropical Grazing Land Ecosystem In Southern India, K.S T.K Karuniachamy, K Paliwal

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Monthly changes in plant biomass, net primary productivity and transfer dynamics of tropical grazing land of western Ghats region, southern India, are presented. The annual above- ground net production was 9.03 g/m2/day and the below-ground net production was 2.56 g/m2/day. Total annual net primary production was estimated at 4232 g/m2/day. Of the total input of 11.59 g/m2/day into the system, about 77.9% was channelled to above-ground and 22.1% to below­ground, The rate of litter disappearance was 0.55 g/m2/day and l.14 g/ m2/day for below-ground disappearance. The total output was 1.69 g/ m2/day which was 14.6% of the total input. Thus, …

Effect Of A Legume (Arachis Pintoi) On The Regrowth And Mineral Nutrition Of Associated Pangola Grass (Digitaria Decumbens), P Cruz, H Sinoquet, O Sobesky

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The effect of a companion legume (Arachis pintoi) on the growth and nitrogen nutrition of an associated grass (Di'gitaria decumbems) was studied during 2 regrowth periods. Digitaria growth was expressed as a function of the cumulative absorded PAR (photosynthetically active radiation) i.e., by using the radiation-use efficiency concept. For this purpose, PAR intercepted by both the pure and mixed swards was estimated by using a radiative transfer model. Nitrogen nutrition status of Digitaria was characterised by the relation between N uptake and dry matter production. Results show a close agreement between N nutrition level and radiation-use efficiency of the grass. …

Reserve Mobilization During Regrowth After Cutting Of Forage Species: Quantification And Physiological Mechanisms In Ryegrass And Lucerne, A Ourry, J Bigot, T Kim, J Boucaud, J Salette

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Time course of remobilisation of reserves was studied during the regrowth of Loli11m perem1e and Medicago sativa by 15N labelling, carbohydrate analyses and by measuring time course of several enzymes activities. When photosynthesis decreased during early regrowth, and consequently reduced availability of carbon skeletons within the plant, both nitrogen (N) uptake (lolium perene) and N2 fixatlon (Medicago saliva) decreased. Nilrogenase, as well as nitrate reductase activities, decreased. Reduction of external N assimilation was compensated for by intensive mobilization of endogenous N in roots of lucerne and in stubble of ryegrass. In the same manner, some of …

Quantification Of Nutrients Consumed And Utilized By Holstein Cows Grazing Grass Pastures In The North-Eastern Usa, Lisa A. Holden, L D. Muller, G A. Varga, S L. Fales

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Managing the nutrition of high producing dairy cows on pasture in the north-eastern USA is challenging owing to difficulty in accurately estimating intake and In determining nutrient utilisation by grazing dairy cows. In Trial 1, 16 lactating Holstein cows were used to estimate intake with an intensively grazed orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) pasture with 2 stocking rates of 2.S and 3,9 cows/ha in a 24 week grazing season. Cows were fed a grain supplement which comprised about 35% of the diet dry matter. Chromium oxide was used as an external marker in faeces, Results of Trial 1 indicated total …

Crop Processing And Fractionation As A Commercial Proposition To Forage-Based Animal Systems, H T. Ostrowski-Meissner

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The paper outlines crop processing and fractionation technology as it applies to an intensive forage-based operation with beef cattle, The benefits of forage processing prior to its feeding to cattle are described with an emphasis not only on the uniformity of the nutritive quality of the processed product but also on the extra financial benefits resulting from the wet fractionation process. The value-added primary products from the fractionation process ensure extra return to the. forage producers, crop processing installation and the feedlot operation. The characteristics of the fractionation products derived from lucerne and other crops are described.

Bermudagrass Allelochemistry And Influence On Spodoptera Frugiperda Herbivory, S Quisenberry, M Mohamed

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Cultivated area of bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers.), in the USA are under stress from a complex of insect and secondary fungal pests which has resulted in a loss in crop production. The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith)) is the major insect herbivore of bermudagrass in the south-eastern USA. Bermudagrass breeding programmes over the last decade have yielded germplasm with potential insect-resistant traits. Thus, a programme was initiated to define bermudagrass allelochemislry with respect to insect herbivory. Pall armyworm is variably responsive to bermudagrass cultivars, the basis being causally related to a differential concentration of the phagostimulant 6, …

Transfer Of Genes Encoding Proteins With High Nutritional Value Into Pasture Legumes, W C. Mcnabb, C Higgins, L Tabe, T J.V Higgins

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Gene transfer systems for the forage legumes, subterranean clover (Trlfolium subterraneum) and lucerne (Medicago saltva) have been developed and optimised for current commercial cultivars. A disarmed binary vector derived from the Agrobacterium tunefaciens tumour• inducing plasmid has been used to deliver a selectable marker gene conferring resistance to phosphinothricin (the active ingredient in the herbicide, Basta) and a series of chimeric gene constructs encoding proteins that are rich in sulphur amino acids and resistant to rumen degradation. Transgenic plants expressing a gene encoding either ovalbumin or a sunflower albumin have been obtained and analyzed with respect to …

Genetic Engineering Of Pasture Legume And Grasses For Reduced Lignin Content And Increased Digestibility, C Lynne Mcintyre, J M. Manners, J R. Wilson, H Way, D Sharp

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Plants of tropical pastures have a higher lignin content than those of temperate pastures, which limits the digestibility and nutritive value of these forages. Ribozyme and antisense RNA technology is being investigated as a method of reducing lignin levels and increasing digestibility in the tropical forage Stylosanthes spp, and in the model system tobacco. Ribozymes to the tobacco anionic peroxidase mRNA have been designed and shown to be capable of cleaving this mRNA in vitro. Constructs for the expression of antisense and ribozyme RNA to reduce peroxidase gene expression have been prepared, Transgenic tobacco plants containing these constructs have been …

Carpool, Alina Stefanescu

PoemMemoirStory (literary magazine)

pp. 107-113

Application Of The Somaclone Method In Fertility Restoration Of The Partially Sterile Hybrid Of Agropyron Repens X Bromus Inermis: Callus Initiation And Plant Regeneration, L E. Heszky, J Janovsky, G Gyulai, E Kiss, L T. Hangyel

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

. Callus initiation and plant regeneration from the new intergeneric hybrid of Agropyron repens L., Beauv, x Bromus inermis.1 Leyss. cv. Nanus (Agromus) was carried out. For callus initiation, the inflorescence primordia were incubated on an optimised nutritive medium designated medium-F, supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (0.5 mg/ I). Within 21 days of plating, embryogenic callus with globular structures were developed, From the 21st day of culture, one-step plant regeneration occurred from callus without subculture. Non-regenerative calli were subcultured to medium-F supplemented with different cytokinins. The cytological analysis of the calli showed wide genetic:il variability in chromosome number with …

Mapping Of The Potential To Substitute Plastic In Food Packaging In Finnish Supermarkets, Taina Lahtinen, Kirsi Kataja, Jari Viitanen, Vinay Kumar, Jussi Lahtinen, Ali Harlin

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

Single-use plastics (SUP), which are extensively utilized in food packaging, are one notable cause for the constantly growing littering issue. This novel study is one of the first attempts to systemically analyze food packaging data to reveal the potential for plastic packaging material reduction or substitution by utilizing a primary packaging material summary of single items sold in Finnish supermarkets. The outcome of the study indicates considerable dissimilarities among product groups concerning used packaging materials, weight, share of plastic, and sales volume. The analysis identified sweets and ready-to-eat meals as product groups for which there is a clear need, but …

Intersecting Inequities For Older Lgbtq+ Adults Of Color In The Advent Of Medicare Access: A Structural Vulnerability Framework, Christian D. Chan

Adultspan Journal

Although advances in Medicare legislation provide access for beneficiaries to professional counselors, older LGBTQ+ adults of Color face a litany of concerns that heighten stigma and inhibit their access to mental health services. The structural vulnerability framework identifies multiple domains that support the interface between Medicare coverage and access to care for older LGBTQ+ adults of Color. In this conceptual article, I outline (a) interdisciplinary scholarship that contextualizes the key issues facing older LGBTQ+ adults of Color; (b) the core tenets of the structural vulnerability framework; (c) implications for practice addressing structural vulnerability for older LGBTQ+ adults of Color with …

Using The Gerontological Imagination To Explore Suicide Among Older Adults: An Interdisciplinary Perspective For Professional Counselors, Mary Chase Mize, Afroze Shaikh

Adultspan Journal

Gerontology, the study of aging and older adulthood, is a vast field consisting of many intersecting disciplines, such as medicine, nutrition, public policy, psychology, social work, and professional counseling. As the older adult population rapidly increases, so too will the prevalence of mental health concerns among this population, including risk for suicide. Older adults presently comprise 16.5% of the U.S. population, yet account for 19.3% of all deaths by suicide (Drapeau & McIntosh, 2020). Professional counselors are newly eligible Medicare providers and can close gaps in healthcare access for older adults who rely on Medicare to receive mental health services, …

Mental Health Distress And Suicide Risk Among Older Adults Who Receive Nutrition Services Programming: Implications For Licensed Professional Counselors., Brittany R. Jones-Cobb, Jihee Hong, Mary Chase Breedlove Mize, Laura Shannonhouse

Adultspan Journal

Licensed professional counselors (LPCs) are now eligible to provide mental health counseling to older adults as Medicare providers. Many older adults receive home delivered (HDM) and congregate (CM) meal services through the Aging Services Network, though their mental health impact remains under examined. This study compared the mental health and suicide risk of older adults receiving HDM or CM services. Our cross-sectional study of 221 HDM and 150 CM recipients from 2018-2020 found significant group differences in psychological distress, t(366) = 3.28, p = .001, perceived burdensomeness; t(357.31) = 2.77, p = .006, and thwarted belongingness, t(357.96) …

Introduction To The Special Issue On Medicare Inclusion Of Counselors: Preparing The Counseling Workforce To Serve Older Adults, Matthew C. Fullen, Jordan Westcott

Adultspan Journal

Introduction to the special issue on Medicare Inclusion of Counselors: Preparing the Counseling Workforce to Serve Older Adults.

Special Issue Editors:

Matthew Fullen, Virginia Tech

Jordan Westcott, The University of Tennessee-Knoxville

Uncovering The Complexity Of Perinatal Polysubstance Use Disclosure Patterns On X: Mixed Methods Study, Dezhi Wu, Hannah Shead, Yang Ren, Phyllis Raynor Phd, Aprn, Pmhnp-Bc, Youyou Tao, Harvey Villanueva, Peiyin Hung, Xiaoming Li, Robert G. Brookshire, Kacey Eichelberger, Constance Guille, Alain H. Litwin, Bankole Olatosi Ph.D.

Publications

BACKGROUND: According to the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, polysubstance use among pregnant women is prevalent, with 38.2% of those who consume alcohol also engaging in the use of one or more additional substances. However, the underlying mechanisms, contexts, and experiences of polysubstance use are unclear. Organic information is abundant on social media such as X (formerly Twitter). Traditional quantitative and qualitative methods, as well as natural language processing techniques, can be jointly used to derive insights into public opinions, sentiments, and clinical and public health policy implications. OBJECTIVE: Based on perinatal polysubstance use (PPU) data that we extracted on …

I Don't Know How To Live Real Life Sober'-Identifying Needed Supports Through The Voices Of Pregnant And Parenting People Seeking Recovery, Phyllis Raynor, Cynthia F. Corbett, Delia West, Constance Guille, Kacey Eichelberger, Alain Litwin, Ron Prinz

Publications

Pregnant and parenting people (PPP) experience complex challenges when seeking recovery from substance use disorders (SUD). Using a community-based participatory research approach, researchers partnered with PPP seeking recovery from SUD to explore supports needed in their communities. Findings are reported in adherence with the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research. Thirty PPP were recruited from a residential drug recovery facility in the Southeastern United States. Participant interviews were conducted in-person or virtually. PPP were asked to identify existing and needed parenting and recovery supports in their communities. Interviews were transcribed, verified for accuracy and coded using NVIVO software. Thematic analysis …

A Bayesian Semi-Parametric Scalar-On-Function Regression With Measurement Error Using Instrumental Variables, Roger S Zoh, Yuanyuan Luan, Lan Xue, David B Allison, Carmen D Tekwe

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Wearable devices such as the ActiGraph are now commonly used in research to monitor or track physical activity. This trend corresponds with the growing need to assess the relationships between physical activity and health outcomes, such as obesity, accurately. Device-based physical activity measures are best treated as functions when assessing their associations with scalar-valued outcomes such as body mass index. Scalar-on-function regression (SoFR) is a suitable regression model in this setting. Most estimation approaches in SoFR assume that the measurement error in functional covariates is white noise. Violating this assumption can lead to underestimating model parameters. There are limited approaches …

Physical Activity: A Comparison Of Rural And Urban Older Adults' Needs And Preferences, Annette Contrady, Sarah L. Francis, Elgloria Harrison, Doris Montgomery, Catherine Rudolph, Lillie Monroe-Lord, Phd, Rdn, Ld, Elmira Asongwed, Anne Marie Jean Baptiste, Tiffany Johnson-Largent Phd Rdn Ld, B. Michelle Harris, Tia D. Jeffery, Pier Broadnax

Journal of Extension

Physical activity (PA) rates among older adults are low. We examined and compared the PA needs, preferences, and practices of 118 rural- and urban-residing older adults through focus groups and surveys. The sample was diverse (White = 42.4%, Black = 37.3%), mostly female, food-secure, and not meeting PA recommendations (38.1%). PA rates were lower for rural-residing older adults (p < 0.05). PA motivators were health benefits and socialization, while barriers were cost, pain, low motivation, and health limitations. Preferred PA programs were described as age-appropriate, expert-led, and group-based. These findings provide insight regarding what to consider when planning PA programming for community-residing older adults.

An Undetermined Osteoporotic Disease Managed With Im Rod In A Dog, Hyejong Oh, Byoungho An, Dongwook Kim, Heesoo Ahn, Dongwoo Chang, Gonhyung Kim

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disorder characterized by decreased bone density, which can weaken bone strength and increase the risk of fractures. Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), one of the main causes of osteoporosis in children, results in fragile bones and multiple fractures. The present study documented the case of a dog with an undetermined osteoporotic disease managed with intramedullary rod fixation. A 3-month-old intact male Alaskan Malamute dog, weighing 11.6 kg, was presented with lameness in the left pelvic limb. Radiography revealed left pelvic and femoral fractures, and the cortex of the long bones was thin. On CT scanning, a significant …

Temp, Callie Mauldin

PoemMemoirStory (literary magazine)

pp. 124-132

Vol.52 N.09 September 19th 2024, Voice Media Ventures

Black Voice News

No abstract provided.

From Fury To Forgiveness: Exploring The Mediating Role Of Emotions In The Relationship Between Crisis Type, Corporate Social Responsibility Fit, And Organizational Outcomes, James Ndone

Communication, Media, and Culture

This study investigates how three types of emotions (anger, affective empathy, and cognitive empathy) mediate the relationship between crisis type and corporate social responsibility (CSR) fit and organizational outcomes such as purchase intentions, negative word-of-mouth (nwom), organizational reputation, as well as forgiveness. An online 2 (crisis type: product-harm vs. moral-harm) x 2 (CSR fit: high fit vs. low fit) between-subjects design (N = 412) was conducted with the participants recruited via CloudResearch, a crowdsourcing platform. The findings indicate that anger significantly mediates the relationship between crisis type and crisis outcomes, with product-harm crises increasing anger and leading to more negative …

Issue 452: September 19-October 3, 2024, The Local Voice

The Local Voice

No abstract provided.

Determinants Of Quality Antenatal Care Use In Kenya: Insights From The 2022 Kenya Demographic And Health Survey, John Baptist Asiimwe, Angella Namulem, Quraish Sserwanja, Joseph Kawuki, Mathius Amperiize, Earnest Amwiine, Lilian Nuwabaine

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Provision of quality antenatal care (ANC) is important to reduce maternal and newborn fatalities worldwide. However, the use of quality ANC by women of reproductive age and associated factors remain unclear in many developing countries. Therefore, this study aimed to determine factors associated with receiving quality ANC in Kenya among women of reproductive age. We analyzed secondary data from the 2022 Kenya Demographic Health Survey, which included 11,863 women. Participants were selected using two-stage stratified sampling. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the data. Of the 11,863 participating women, 61.2% (95% confidence interval (CI): 59.7%–62.6%) received …

Effects Of The Western Diet And Psychological Stress On Gut Health, Korry J. Hintze

Funded Research Records

No abstract provided.

Lamina Cribrosa Microstructure In Nonhuman Primates With Naturally Occurring Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thinning, Palaiologos Alexopoulos, Arthur G Fernandes, Zeinab Ghassabi, Ronald Zambrano, Anse Vellappally, Eitan Shemuelian, Tingfang Lee, Jiyuan Hu, Armando Burgos-Rodriguez, Melween I Martinez, Joel S. Schuman, Amanda D Melin, James P Higham, John Danias, Gadi Wollstein

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

PURPOSE: The lamina cribrosa (LC) is hypothesized to be the site of initial axonal damage in glaucoma with the circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL-T) widely used as a standard metric for quantifying the glaucomatous damage. The purpose of this study was to determine in vivo, 3-dimensional (3D) differences in the microstructure of the LC in eyes of nonhuman primates (NHPs) with naturally occurring glaucoma.

METHODS: Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans (Leica, Chicago, IL, USA) of the optic nerve head were acquired from a colony of 50 adult rhesus monkeys suspected of having high prevalence of glaucoma. The …

Crisis Of Youth Homelessness In Birmingham, Alabama, Velma Annette Williams

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The economic and educational conditions of Jefferson County, Alabama, have contributed significantly to the increase of homeless families with children (LaGory et al., 2018). The failures of the foster care system have exponentially increased the population of homeless youth ages 19 to 26 (Burge et al., 2021). The lack of efficient public transportation emergency and affordable long-term housing has created a permanent population of homelessness (Kelly, 2020). Within the homeless culture, the increased incidents of violence, substance abuse, and sexual and physical abuse combined with functional illiteracy create an environment that breeds repetitive behaviors that reproduce the homeless outcomes (Burge …

The Effects Of Intermittent Fasting On Working Memory With A Covariate Of Exercise Among The Perimenopausal Population: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Karen Marie Veltri

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Intermittent fasting and exercise are tools to improve health. Current literature focuses on their impact on metabolic health and weight loss, leaving a gap in the research examining their effects on working memory during the menopause transition. The purpose of this study was to address this gap by recruiting perimenopausal participants and randomly assigning them to an experimental or a control group. The experimental group followed an 8/16 intermittent fasting regimen for two consecutive weeks. Both groups ate ad libitum without dietary restrictions. Participants completed a pre- and post-study Working Memory Questionnaire and self-reported average hours of exercise per week. …

A Qualitative Examination Of Food Choice Among Division Iii Student Athletes Using Grounded Theory, Paul Webster Craig

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The determinants of food choice among the general population have been extensively investigated, but studies of food choice in collegiate student athletes are limited. Student athletes make food choices daily, and the selection of foods is an integral part of an athlete’s training regimen. National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division III (DIII) student athletes are a comparatively unstudied population, particularly in terms of their food choices; therefore, assessing and understanding the influences of food choices in this population can enable and support optimal eating behavior. To assess different determinants of food choice in athletes, this qualitative study developed a theoretical …