Digital Commons Network^™

Neural Network Architecture Search Enabled Wide-Deep Learning (Nas-Wd) Integrated Hyperspectral Imaging Understanding For Woody Breast In Poultry Processing, Chaitanya Kumar Reddy Pallerla

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The development and implementation of a Wide & Deep (WD) learning model tailored for classification and regression tasks utilizing spectral data provides a robust solution to evaluate woody breast (WB) conditions in poultry fillets. This process begins with thorough data preprocessing, which includes loading spectral and classification datasets, imputing missing values with medians, and splitting the data into training and testing sets to ensure rigorous model evaluation. The WD model architecture integrates wide linear models and deep neural networks to harness the strengths of both approaches. The wide component excels at memorizing sparse feature interactions, while the deep component captures …

Intersectionality And Career Persistence Of African American Women In Cybersecurity Careers: A Narrative Inquiry, Monica Marquita Jones Prewitt

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this narrative inquiry is to examine the experiences of African American women working in cybersecurity, a male-dominated field. An intersectional lens will be used in the study to provide insight into their positionality as women of color in a male-dominated career field. The study will examine the stories of the women who persisted in the field and the existing influences or interventions that supported their retention. This pre-registered study will provide the framework for this study to be completed at the University of Arkansas. The researcher will use a descriptive phenomenological approach and semi-structured interviews to understand …

Microwave-Assisted Green Synthesis Of Spiroindolinopyranopyrazoles, Esther Owusu

Theses and Dissertations

Green Chemistry, usually known as sustainable chemistry, is widely implemented worldwide to safeguard human health and the environment. Recent investigations in organic synthesis and chemical transformation have demonstrated that green chemistry techniques are significantly reducing both chemical waste and reaction time. In order to fulfill this ecological requirement, it is crucial to lessen the utilization of perilous solvents and noxious chemicals, while also creating innovative reaction methods that decrease the production of trash. The implementation of such methodologies can greatly enhance the field of green chemistry. A more environmentally friendly synthetic method was utilized to generate spiro chemicals and their …

Policies And Price Controls On The Research And Development Of Orphan Drugs In The United States And The European Union, Bena Pearl Filipczak Smith

Master's Theses

There is substantive literature surrounding the impact of price controls on the research and development (R&D) of new pharmaceutical products. The European Union (EU) and United States (US) are often studied in contrast to examine the influence of price controls as the US has fewer pharmaceutical price controls than the EU.

We find moderate evidence that the US spent more on annual domestic pharmaceutical R&D than the EU between 2004 and 2021, on average, before and after adjusting for GDP growth per capita and year. We find strong evidence that the US increased annual domestic R&D spending at a faster …

Examining Factors Of Variance In Energy Metabolism Of Dairy Cattle, Addison L. Carroll

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Variation is thought to occur in the use of dietary energy for production in dairy cattle. First, variance can be observed when new methane mitigation strategies are fed resulting in increased H₂ output potentially resulting in downstream effects on estimates of heat production via the Brouwer (1965) equation. Therefore, in chapter 3 a review was created to systematically describe the mathematics and theory behind the Brouwer equation, and rederive a heat production equation to integrate H₂ production. Results indicate heat production using the classical Brouwer equation (1965) relative to the rederived equation resulted in an overestimation of heat …

Analysis Of Bck/Bci-Algebras Based On Bipolar Complex Intuitionistic Fuzzy Soft Ideals, Zeeshan Ali

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

In this article, we design an informative and reliable technique of bipolar complex intuitionistic fuzzy soft sets with numerous operational laws by merging the model of soft sets, complex fuzzy sets, and bipolar intuitionistic fuzzy sets to handle imprecise data. In addition, an ideal in a BCK-algebra is derived based on bipolar complex intuitionistic fuzzy soft set theory are proposed which can capture the information of hesitancy, vagueness, and non-membership information within the circumstance of BCK-algebra. Moreover, we design union, intersection, AND, and OR based on bipolar complex intuitionistic fuzzy soft ideal and simplify it with the help of numerous …

Whole Exome-Seq And Rna-Seq Data Reveal Unique Neoantigen Profiles In Kenyan Breast Cancer Patients, Godfrey Wagutu, John Gitau, Kennedy Mwangi, Mary Murithi, Elias Melly, Alexandra R. Harris, Shahin Sayed, Stefan Ambs, Francis Makokha

Pathology, East Africa

Background: The immune response against tumors relies on distinguishing between self and non-self, the basis of cancer immunotherapy. Neoantigens from somatic mutations are central to many immunotherapeutic strategies and understanding their landscape in breast cancer is crucial for targeted interventions. We aimed to profile neoantigens in Kenyan breast cancer patients using genomic DNA and total RNA from paired tumor and adjacent non-cancerous tissue samples of 23 patients.

Methods: We sequenced the genome-wide exome (WES) and RNA, from which somatic mutations were identified and their expression quantified, respectively. Neoantigen prediction focused on human leukocyte antigens (HLA) crucial to cancer, HLA type …

Addressing Inference Time Of Machine Learning Models In Embedded Systems, Samuel Black

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Embedded Systems are used for a wide range of specialized computing purposes including surveyal, safety, security, and quality of life. Many areas that embedded systems are used in require the use of machine learning models. Constraints can be placed on embedded systems. Timeliness of execution, user satisfaction, security, power, and resource limitations must be considered when designing for embedded systems. Neural networks excel at complex tasks that are otherwise intractable, but their relatively high computational cost poses a challenge for inclusion in embedded systems. Neural network architectures should be optimized to reduce the total number of operations performed while maintaining …

Analytical Solutions For Acoustic Vortex Beam Radiation From Planar And Spherically Focused Circular Pistons, Chirag A Gokani, Michael R Haberman, Mark F Hamilton

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Analytical solutions for acoustic vortex beams radiated by sources with uniform circular amplitude distributions are derived in the paraxial approximation. Evaluation of the Fresnel diffraction integral in the far field of an unfocused source and in the focal plane of a focused source leads to solutions in terms of an infinite series of Bessel functions for orbital numbers ℓ>-2. These solutions are reduced to closed forms for 0≤ℓ≤4, which correspond to orbital numbers commonly used in experiments. A scaling law for the vortex ring radius is derived, and its relevance is characterized using ray theory.

Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning In Cancer Pain: A Systematic Review, Vivian Salama, Brandon Godinich, Yimin Geng, Laia Humbert-Vidan, Laura Maule, Kareem A Wahid, Mohamed A Naser, Renjie He, Abdallah S R Mohamed, Clifton D Fuller, Amy C Moreno

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background/objectives: Pain is a challenging multifaceted symptom reported by most cancer patients. This systematic review aims to explore applications of artificial intelligence/machine learning (AI/ML) in predicting pain-related outcomes and pain management in cancer.

Methods: A comprehensive search of Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science databases was conducted using terms: "Cancer," "Pain," "Pain Management," "Analgesics," "Artificial Intelligence," "Machine Learning," and "Neural Networks" published up to September 7, 2023. AI/ML models, their validation and performance were summarized. Quality assessment was conducted using PROBAST risk-of-bias andadherence to TRIPOD guidelines.

Results: Forty four studies from 2006 to 2023 were included. Nineteen studies used …

Explainable Artificial Intelligence And Domain Adaptation For Predicting Hiv Infection With Graph Neural Networks, Evan Yu, Jingcheng Du, Yang Xiang, Xinyue Hu, Jingna Feng, Xi Luo, John A Schneider, Degui Zhi, Kayo Fujimoto, Cui Tao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: Investigation of explainable deep learning methods for graph neural networks to predict HIV infections with social network information and performing domain adaptation to evaluate model transferability across different datasets.

METHODS: Network data from two cohorts of younger sexual minority men (SMM) from two U.S. cities (Chicago, IL, and Houston, TX) were collected between 2014 and 2016. Feature importance from graph attention network (GAT) models were determined using GNNExplainer. Domain adaptation was performed to examine model transferability from one city dataset to the other dataset, training with 100% of the source dataset with 30% of the target dataset and prediction …

This Year In Space: The Astounding Astronomical Events Of 2024, Celeste Wicks

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

Issue 41

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

The Care Crisis: The Neurology Of Dementia And International Solutions, Sophie Paton

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

Will My Celsius Addiction Kill Me?: The Thermogenic Drink And Its Impact On Nutrition And Metabolism, Katie Johnstone

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

Genes And Zzz's: The Genetic Variations Of Sleep Disorders, Ananya Sivasubramaniam

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

Call For Contributors

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

Puzzle Corner

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

Invisible Intruders: The Growing Presence Of Microplastics And Its Effects On The Brain, Megan Carlson

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

Digging Up A New Era In Fertilizer: Investigating The Potential Of Electron Bifurcation In Ammonia Synthesiss, Ella Wurtzbacher

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

Peeling Back Allergies: Punica Granatum And Its Various Bene.Its, Mina Stalhamer, Haimanot Assefa

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

On A Color Wheel: Adhd Under The Social Model's Scope, Ben Tran

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

This Land Is Your Land, This Land Is My Land, Alexia Liu

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

Wired For Love: The Neuroscience Behind Romantic Attraction, Jacqueline Rogers

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

Impacts Of Stream Bed Adjustment On Local Bridge Morphology At Highway 281, Molly G. Likins

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Nebraska sand-bed rivers have long been a part of sediment transport studies and have been used in the development of numerous well-known empirical bedload equations. Some of these studies have shown how adjustments in streambed elevation led to changes in local stream morphology. The sand-bed rivers of Nebraska are highly susceptible to such changes due to their wide, shallow cross-sections and erodibility. The objective of our study is to synthesize a hydrodynamic model with high-resolution field data and improved methods of representing sediment transport to better predict both short and long-term channel adjustments for an aggraded sand-bed river.

The field …

Numerical Study On The Behavior Of Natural And Recycled Aggregate Concretes, Shahriar Mardpour

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

This thesis investigates the mechanical behavior of natural and recycled aggregate concretes (NAC and RAC) using a multi-phase numerical approach to predict performance. Growing interest in sustainable materials has led to using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) to replace natural aggregates, creating Recycled Aggregate Concrete (RAC). Due to their different structural components, RAC and NAC exhibit varying mechanical properties, particularly in strength and durability.

This study validated tension and bending (flexural) test models by comparing numerical results with similar models from the literature. Following validation, a multi-phase approach modeled NAC and RAC for the bending (flexural) and tension tests, providing a …

Exploring Variably Saturated Flow Formulations For Modflow: Implementing A Fully 3d Richards' Equation In Modflow 6, Sebastian Vazquez-Gasty

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

This thesis explores the implementation of a fully 3D Richards’ equation solution into MODFLOW 6 to solve for saturated/unsaturated flow. Currently, MODFLOW 6 has limited capability for solving unsaturated zone flow problems by using the Unsaturated Zone Flow (UZF) package, which neglects capillarity and assumes vertical 1-dimensional flow. Various formulations of the Richards’ equation were first evaluated for their strengths and weaknesses. Various numerical solution approaches to Richards’ equation were also studied to understand the robustness and efficiency of different approaches and to select one that would best fit into the MODFLOW 6 framework. The MODFLOW 6 framework was also …

Filtered Reality: Artificial Intelligence In Social Media & The Mental Health Of Adolescents, Maria Savva

Open Educational Resources

This instructional module was developed for teacher candidates preparing to teach in New York secondary schools, which include middle (6-8) and high schools (9-12). A three-pronged approach has been used to ensure teacher candidates develop a comprehensive and contemporary understanding of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as it relates both to their respective disciplines and its impact on the adolescents they will be teaching. Using a three-pronged approach, teacher candidates will: consider the rapidly changing landscape of their own discipline and how it has been impacted by developments in AI; examine the effects of AI, including through social media platforms, on the …

Help-Seeking For College Algebra Students' Success: A Phenomenological Mixed Methods Study, Colby Lamb

Dissertations and Doctoral Documents, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2023–

Because the failure rate for college algebra is large and sometimes up to 50%, college algebra serves as a gatekeeper to STEM fields and degree completion. Therefore, it is critical to examine students who are at risk of dropping, withdrawing, and failing college algebra help-seeking behavior. The purpose of this mixed methods study was to focus on students’ perceptions of in-classroom and out-of-classroom activities and systems in a college algebra course designed based on principles of active learning and how those activities and systems are affordances or barriers to help-seeking. The research questions to be addressed were:

Central Research Question: …

Exploring Students' Computer-Supported Collaborative Argumentation With Socio-Scientific Issues, Wenli Chen, Yiting Han, Jesmine Tan, Aileen Siew Cheng Chai, Qianru Lyu, Lyna

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Background: This study examined the effect of computer-supported collaborative argumentation (CSCA) on secondary school students' understanding of socio-scientific issues (SSI). Engaging students in collaborative argumentation is known to help with deepening their understanding of SSI. Methods: In this study, a mixed-method design is used to investigate 84 students' collaborative argumentation processes and outcomes. The statistical analysis, epistemic network analysis and qualitative uptake analysis results showed that CSCA was effective in supporting secondary school students' evidence-based argumentation skills on SSI. Findings and Conclusion: Several cases were presented to show how students engaged in CSCA to explore meaningful learning opportunities and how …