Digital Commons Network^™

Improvements In The Phylogeny Of Epilobium And Chamaenerion Inferred From Nrdna And Cpdna Data Focusing On Türkiye, Suzan Kundakçi, Serdar Makbul, Mutlu Gültepe, Murat Erdem Güzel, Seda Okur, Kami̇l Coşkunçelebi̇

Turkish Journal of Botany

Epilobium and Chamaenerion included 165 and 8 species over the world, respectively. The members of the genera are distributed particularly in moist habitats from subpolar to tropical regions.This paper aims to provide improvements in the phylogeny of the genera Epilobium and Chamaenerion using Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) of nuclear DNA and matK gene sequence data evaluation with maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian inference criterations. A total of 188 individual accessions belonging to 28 taxa were newly generated and 110 sequences imported from GenBank (NCBI) were analysed. The nrDNA and plastid DNA gene trees supported to treat Epilobium and Chamaenerion …

Revision Of The Genus Nepeta L. (Lamiaceae) In Iraq, Tuncay Di̇rmenci̇, Ali̇ Haloob, Ferhat Celep, Shahina A. Ghazanfar

Turkish Journal of Botany

This paper revises the genus Nepeta for the family Lamiaceae for the Flora of Iraq project. We describe a new species, Nepeta iraqensis, and four new records Nepeta congesta subsp. cryptantha, N. stricta, N. lamiifolia and N. iodantha for Iraq. Lectotypes for six taxa are selected and comments on complex species are given. In addition, two new synonyms are given here for the first time. In all, we describe with identification keys, 19 taxa, three of which are endemic to Iraq.

A New Species Of Arrhenia (Agaricales, Hygrophoraceae) From Guizhou Province, China, Jing Wang, Huan Gao, Dong Mei Liu, Chun Ying Deng, Shao Qi Zhou

Turkish Journal of Botany

Arrhenia nivea is a new bryophilous species of Arrhenia from a valley in southwestern China'a subtropical monsoon humid climate zone.The species is characterized by pure white basidiomata with an irregularly discoid to cupulate 1.5-4.5 mm diameter pileus, reduced hymenium, nonamyloid basidiospores, lack of cystidia, the presence of clamps, and no incrusted pigment of the pileipellic hyphae. Phylogenetic analysis using ITS sequence data confirmed that it arised from a pathway separate from other species of Arrhenia.

Histochemical And Surface Microstructural Analyses Of Floral Cuticles Provide Evidence For Differential Behaviors In Scent Volatiles Emission In Two Tuberoses (Agave Amica (Medik.) Theide And Govaerts) Cultivars From Asparagaceae, Raktim Bhattacharya, Adinpunya Mitra

Turkish Journal of Botany

Two popular cultivars of tuberose (Agave amica (Medik.) Theide and Govaerts syn. Polianthes tuberosa L.) from the family Asparagaceae, widely cultivated for floricultural purposes are ,'Calcutta Single' (CS) and 'Calcutta Double' (CD). It was evidenced that CS flowers emit intense scent volatiles as compared to CD flowers, while CD flowers retained higher contents of internal pool of scent volatiles than CS flowers. Such contrasting observations between the flowers of two cultivars suggest the role of possible barriers such as cuticles that prevent the emission of scent volatiles. The cuticular structure of both cultivars was studied using different histochemical approaches, …

The Assessment Of Genetic Diversity And Population Structure Of Endemic Scutellaria Yildirimlii (Lamiaceae) For Conservation Purposes, Merve Yildirim, Gül Ni̇lhan Tuğ, Ahmet Emre Yaprak

Turkish Journal of Botany

Scutellaria yildirimlii is an endangered perennial endemic species from Turkey and belongs to the family Lamiaceae, which has a high number of medicinal and aromatic plants. It is crucial to determine genetic diversity and population structure of this species for its conservation measures; therefore, 111 individuals from five natural populations of S. yildirimlii were investigated by using 15 inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) primers. The percentage of polymorphic loci (PPL), Nei?s gene diversity (H), and Shannon?s information index (I) at the species and population-level were determined as 93.9%, 0.183, 0.292 and 56.5%, 0.158, 0.242, respectively. The analysis of molecular variance …

The Effect Of Grafting On Pollen Fertility And Seed Production Of Diploid Interspecific Hybrid And Tetraploid Eggplant Genotypes, Sebahatti̇n Çürük, İlknur Külahlioğlu Çeği̇l

Turkish Journal of Botany

Solanum melongena is susceptible to diverse diseases and parasites, in particular the wilts (bacterial, Fusarium and Verticillium), nematodes, and some insects. Solanum torvum is robust to Verticillium and some bacterial wilts and root-knot nematode. It was reported that interspecific hybrid plants originated out of the hybridization of these species were sterile. In our previous studies that have been carried out to overcome this interspecific hybridization barrier, only from Faselis F1 that was used as the female parent, many interspecific hybrid seeds were obtained and 9.07% of the seeds grew into plants in vitro. The percentage of pollen viability and germination …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Botany

No abstract provided.

Protective Potential Of Mokko Lactone From Cheilocostus Speciosus (J. Koenig) C.D.Specht (Costaceae) Rhizomes Against Fulminant Hepatic Failure, Ahmed Altyar, Ikhlas Sindi, Dina El-Agamy, Wael Elsaed, Ahmed Shehata, Hossam Abdallah, Gamal Mohamed, Abdelsattar Omar, Sabrin Ibrahim

Turkish Journal of Botany

Cheilocostus speciosus (Syn: Costus speciosus) (Crepe or spiral ginger) is one of the species of the family Costaceae that is widely used in various traditional medicines for treating various ailments. Mokko lactone (ML) belongs to the guaianolide family of sesquiterpenes, which has been separated from C. speciosus. It showed noticeable antiinflammation and antioxidative capacities. The current study explored the ML hepatoprotective potential against FHF (fulminant hepatic failure) in mice. FHF was successfully established using intraperitoneal injection of ?-galactosamine (?-GalN, 700 mg/kg)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 µg/kg) in male Swiss-albino mice. The mice were pretreated with ML (20 or 40 mg/kg, orally) daily …

Diversity Of Endolichenic Fungi Within Lichen Genus Parmotrema From India, Jyotsna Chakarwarti, Sanjeeva Nayaka, Suchi Srivastava

Turkish Journal of Botany

: The lichens serve as an ecological niche for a group of unexplored fungal species residing inside their thallus without causing any noticeable symptoms and such fungi are termed as endolichenic fungi. The objective of the current study is to check the endolichenic fungal diversity within lichen genus Parmotrema. The study resulted in a total of 450 endolichenic fungi (ELF) isolates from 15 species of Parmotrema. Out of these, 73 sporulating isolates were identified using ITS sequences which resulted in 47 species under 23 genera. The phylogenetic assemblage of the fungi comprised Sordariomycetes (84.50%), Dothideomycetes (5.63%), Eurotiomycetes (7.04%), Pezizomycetes (1.40%), …

Hardin-Wilkes Family Papers - Accession 221, Hardin Family, Wilkes Family

Manuscript Collection

The Hardin–Wilkes Family Papers consist of correspondence, financial records, ledgers, newspaper clippings, photographs, and printed materials documenting the Hardin and Wilkes families of Chester County, South Carolina. The collection spans from 1833 to 1973, with the bulk of the material dating from the mid-nineteenth through the early twentieth centuries. The papers provide insight into family life, local business activity, and regional history in and around Chester, South Carolina.

A significant portion of the collection consists of correspondence among members of the Hardin and Wilkes families. Of particular note are the letters of Captain Obadiah Hardin (1827–1862), an officer in Company …

Classifying Recaptured Identity Documents Using The Biomedical Meijering And Sato Algorithms, John Magee, Stephen Sheridan, Christina Thorpe

Academic Posters Collection

Recaptured identity documents are a low-cost, high-risk threat to modern eKYC systems. Bad actors can easily manipulate images and print them. Existing solutions typically demand manual review of remotely captured identity documents, this is expensive and does not scale. In 2022, the UK National Crime Agency estimated fraud cost business hundreds of billion pounds per year and document forgery is an area of investigation by Europol.

Evaluation Of Gender-Based Differences In Primary School Maths Education: The Potential Of Digital Games, Maíra Amaral

Academic Posters Collection

Digital Game-Based Learning is shown to be a more effective instructional method than traditional instruction, however less effective than other technology-supported instruction according to Byun and Joung (2018). Regarding gender aspects, according to findings by Mclaren and colleagues in 2022, girls may learn more mathematics from digital learning games than boys. In their study, even reporting greater behavioural and cognitive engagement, boys did not learn more with the game than girls.

A Mode Sum Regularization Prescription In Quantum Field Theory In Curved Spacetimes In Higher Dimensions And For Charged Scalar Fields, Eoin Scanlon

Academic Posters Collection

Semi-classical gravity combines classical treatment of the gravitational field with quantum mechanical treatment of matter fields. A significant challenge however is the divergence contained within the stress-energy tensor when solving the semi-classical Einstein equations. This work extends to higher dimensions an extremely efficient method for renormalizing the stress-energy tensor of a quantum scalar field in spherically-symmetric black hole spacetimes, thereby removing the divergences. The method applies to a scalar field with arbitrary field parameters. The utility of the method is demonstrated by computing the renormalized stress-energy tensor for a scalar field in the Schwarzschild black hole spacetime for odd dimensions.

Feedback, Learning Outcomes And Mathematics Anxiety In A Digital Game Based Learning Approach In Mathematics Education, André Almo

Academic Posters Collection

Feedback is a crucial part of learning, and an essential element in digital game-based learning approaches, in which digital games - known as 'serious games' - are used to deliver educational content. Feedback features respond to players' actions within the game, providing them with information and guidance, as well as potentially impacting their learning, motivation and engagement. However, these features may be designed differently, since they include various distinct characteristics and dimensions. This work proposes a new taxonomy for feedback features in serious games, with an emphasis in game design aspects, in order to provide clearer descriptions and distinctions of …

Using Machine Learning For Web Accessibility, Tlamelo Makati

Academic Posters Collection

This research will explore the potential of machine learning to enhance web accessibility. Web accessibility is typically defined in terms of Web Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), which states that everyone should be able to perceive, operate, understand and interpret the web regardless of disability or use of assistive technology. We would like to consult digital accessibility experts through interviews and focus groups to understand the web accessibility auditing and remediation processes in detail, with a focus on web navigation. An important goal of this work is to establish development processes where all stakeholders can leverage machine-learning tools to produce more accessible …

Detecting Road Intersections From Satellite Images Using Convolutinal Neural Networks, Fatmaelzahraa Eltaher Ph.D, Luis Miralles-Pechuán, Jane Courtney, Susan Mckeever

Academic Posters Collection

The location of intersections is an important consideration for vulnerable road users such as People with Blindness or Visually Impairment (PBVI) or children. Route planning applications, however, do not give information about the location of intersections as this information is not available at scale. In this paper, we propose a deep learning framework to automatically detect the location of intersections from satellite images using convolutional neural networks. For this purpose, we labelled 7,342 Google maps images from Washington, DC, USA to create a dataset. This dataset covers a region of 58.98 km$^{2}$ and has 7,548 intersections. We then applied a …

Application Of The Two-Variable Model To Simulate A Multisensory Reaction-Time Task, Rebecca Brady, John Butler

Academic Posters Collection

To navigate the world in an efficient manner, the brain seamlessly integrates signals received across multiple sensory modalities. Behavioral studies have suggested that multisensory processing is a winner-take-all sensory response mechanism to some optimal combination of sensory signals. In addition, multiple sensory cues are not always beneficial with some studies showing maladaptive multisensory processing as an identifier of older adults prone to falls from age matched healthy controls.

A stalwart of modelling sensory decision-making is the work by (Wong &Wang, 2006) but to date almost all of this research has been focused on unisensory tasks. We extend the reduced two-variable …

Enhancing Health Data Representation For Older Adults: Unlocking Opportunities, Peterson Jean

Academic Posters Collection

The prevalence of off-the-shelf wearable devices increases the monitoring and measurement of critical physiological parameters like activity, sleep, heart rate, and blood pressure. However, the accessibility of health data representations poses challenges for older adults, who often struggle to understand the criticality of their own health data without assistance. This poster highlights the challenges older adults face in accessing their health data from wearable technologies, specifically focusing on data representations.

To address these challenges, it proposes a methodology that involves a heuristic evaluation of existing data representations with experts and accessibility studies with older adults using a mixed methods approach …

Cslinc: A Nationwide Cs Mooc For Second-Level Students, Karen Nolan, Keith Quille, Brett A. Becker

Academic Posters Collection

This poster introduces CSLINC, a free scaffolded MOOC framework tailored to second-level students in Ireland that consists of: an online platform built for accessibility; a suite of modules developed upon international best practices with varying co-creators; and automated assessment and certificates of completion. Its aim is to provide content to promote national CS curricula to all second-level students in Ireland. In September 2021, CSLINC launched to 10,000 students across 100 schools. Future work will include collecting and collating research to validate CSLINC’s goals, scaffolding that will build foundations for national curriculum learning outcomes, and measure its impact on students, their …

Attention-Based Gender-Stereotype Detection, Manuela Nayantara, Sarah Jane Delany

Academic Posters Collection

Gender stereotypes are perceptions about the typical physical, emotional, and social characteristics of individuals. Unlike gender bias which can result in the systematic and unfair treatment of individuals based on their gender, gender stereotypes do not always perpetuate a negative impact. Hence, there is no solid definition that frames what is considered a gender-stereotype in text. In addition, there is also a lack of labelled gender-stereotype datasets. This has led to most of the work in literature being about gender bias and not gender stereotypes. Therefore, in our research, we frame a clear definition of what constitutes a gender-stereotype in …

From Overlay To Interplay - Subverting The Message And Creating The Surreal With Augmented Reality, Nina Lyons

Academic Posters Collection

This proof of concept utilises content creation tools that create diegetic presentation which is not commonly utilised in AR systems. In this study, the virtual overlay that becomes visible through AR displays diegetic content that disrupts the meaning of the poster highlighting the potential for AR as a visual communication medium and the opportunities that AR has, as a medium, for creating narrative.

Spoken Language To Irish Sign Language Machine Translation: A Linguistically Informed Approach, Jesus Aguilar Lopez, Irene Murtagh, Sheila Castilho

Academic Posters Collection

Many deaf and hard-of-hearing individuals rely on sign language (SL) on a daily basis as a preferred language. Although nowadays there are significant advances on spoken language research, current approaches are often neither linguistically motivated nor tailored to the unique features of SLs. Further research and development are necessary to enhance Sign Language Machine Translation (SLMT) and bring it to a similar level as spoken language MT. This research will endeavour to improve the accuracy and efficiency of SLMT systems, making them more accessible to the Deaf community and empowering deaf and hard of hearing individuals to communicate more effectively …

A Framework For Confusion Mitigation In Task-Oriented Interactions, Na Li, Robert J. Ross

Academic Posters Collection

Confusion is a mental state that can be triggered in task-oriented interactions and which can if left unattended lead to boredom, frustration, or disengagement from the task at hand. Previous work has demonstrated that confusion can be detected in situated human-robot interactions from visual and auditory cues. Therefore, in the next step, we propose appropriate interaction structures in this study, which should be used to mitigate confusion. We motivate and describe this dialogue mechanism through an information state-style dialogue framework and policies, and also outline the approach we are taking to integrate such a meta-conversational goal alongside core task-oriented considerations …

Dataset For Gendered Language, Shweta Soundararajan

Datasets

Gendered language is the use of words that denote an individual’s gender. This can be explicit where the gender is evident in the actual word used, e.g. mother, she, man, but it can also be implicit where social roles or behaviours can signal an individual’s gender - for example, expectations that women display communal traits (e.g., affectionate, caring, gentle) and men display agentic traits (e.g., assertive, competitive, decisive). The use of gendered language in NLP systems can perpetuate gender stereotypes and bias. This paper proposes an approach to generating gendered language datasets using ChatGPT which will provide data for data-driven …

The European Commission And Ai: Guidelines, Acts And Plans Impacting The Teaching Of Ai And Teaching With Ai, Keith Quille, Brett A. Becker, Lidia Vidal-Meliá

Academic Posters Collection

Recent developments, guidelines, and acts by the European Commission have started to frame policy for AI and related areas such as ML and data, not only for the broader community, but in the context of education specifically. This poster presents a succinct overview of these developments. Specifically, we look to bring together all publications that might impact the teaching of AI (for example, teacher expectations in the coming years around AI competencies) and publications that affect the use of AI in the classroom. We mean using tools and systems that incorporate both ‘Good Old Fashioned’ AI and those that can …

Co-Design Of An Interactive Wellness Park: Exploring Design Requirements For A Multimodal Outdoor Physical Web Installation With Older Adults, Fatima Badmos

Academic Posters Collection

The global demographic landscape is experiencing a notable shift, characterised by a growing proportion of adults over 60. According to projections, the proportion of individuals aged 60 and above is expected to reach one-sixth of the global population by 2030. Furthermore, by 2050, this demographic is projected to exceed a staggering two billion people. Amidst this shift, there is an urgent need to develop interactive and innovative solutions to address older adults' unique challenges, particularly in outdoor physical activity.

A co-design methodology involving older adults’ participation from the idea generation to the application development process will be adopted to address …

Techmate: A Research-Driven Toolkit To Enhance Gender Balance In Computing Education, Alina Berry, Sarah Jane Delany

Academic Posters Collection

This poster presents a toolkit of practical initiatives and guidance on how to enhance gender balance in computing higher education. The suggested initiatives are designed in the way that could be adapted for a use in a local context, especially in universities in the UK or in Ireland. The initiatives are categorised under four main areas: Policy, Pedagogy, Influence & Support and Promotion & Engagement. Additionally, guidance is given on mechanisms to evaluate the impact of these initiatives. This work will be of interest to champions looking to enhance gender balance in their computing courses.

They Followed The Cheese - Visual Web-Based Experiments Showcasing The Opportunities Available For The Presentation Of Information In Ar, Nina Lyons

Academic Posters Collection

The desktop paradigm bridged a sizeable usability gap at a time before the term “usability” became a conscious objective goal of developers. Mapping the capabilities of the computer to how a user understands their work desk, helped users understand how to interact with a computer. The paradigm has evolved and continues to evolve and reshape itself in different platforms. However, the UIs still rely heavily on established laws and principles that suit the conditions of screens. AR has the opportunity to leverage Semiotic Extension to create context relevant UIs that rely on the focus of the real-time view to inform …

Enhancing Early-Stage Xai Projects Through Designer-Led Visual Ideation Of Ai Concepts, Helen Sheridan, Emma Murphy, Dympna O'Sullivan

Academic Posters Collection

The pervasive use of artificial intelligence (AI) in processing users’ data is well documented with the use of AI believed to profoundly change users’ way of life in the near future. However, there still exists a sense of mistrust among users who engage with AI systems some of this stemming from lack of transparency, including users failing to understand what AI is, what it can do and its impact on society. From this, the emerging discipline of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) has emerged, a method of designing and developing AI where a systems decisions, processes and outputs are explained and …

Unlocking The Black Box: Evaluating Xai Through A Mixed Methods Approach Combining Quantitative Standardised Scales And Qualitative Techniques, Helen Sheridan, Dympna O'Sullivan, Emma Murphy

Academic Posters Collection

In 1950 when Alan Turing first published his groundbreaking paper, computing machinery and intelligence and asked “Can machines think?” a new era of research exploring the intelligence of digital computers and their ability to deceive and/or imitate a human was ignited. From these first explorations of AI to modern day artificial intelligence and machine learning systems many advances, breakthroughs and improved algorithms have been developed usually advancing at an exponential pace. This has resulted in the pervasive use of AI systems in the processing of data. Concerns have been expressed related to biased decisions by AI systems around the processing …