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Multistage Sustainability Education For University Engineering Students: A Case Study From Mechanical Engineering In Technological University Dublin, Kevin Delaney

Articles

Sustainability will be a key challenge that future engineering graduates must consider when solving problems. This paper sets out the approach taken in the mechanical engineering discipline of Technological University Dublin (TU Dublin) to help students acquire and develop the requisite skills to integrate aspects of sustainability when tackling engineering problems. The approach, which has already been implemented across a number of different design and innovation modules, consists of two distinct phases. In the first, students are educated about sustainability and related issues. In the second phase, students are educated for sustainability and are taught to identify, define and solve …

Cfd Simulation Of Anaerobic Granular Sludge Reactors: A Review, Camila D' Bastiani, David Kennedy, Anthony Reynolds

Articles

Anaerobic digestion processes can generate renewable energy in the form of biogas while treating organic wastewater. The generation of biogas within anaerobic digestion systems is directly linked to the mixing conditions inside the reactors. In high-rate reactors such as the up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor, the expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor and the internal circulation (IC) reactor, the hydrodynamic behaviour will depend on the interactions between the wastewater, the biogas, and the biomass granules. Over the past few years, various researchers have used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to study the hydrodynamic behaviour in these types of reactors. This …

A Feed Direction Cutting Force Prediction Model And Analysis For Ceramic Matrix Composites C/Sic Based On Rotary Ultrasonic Profile Milling, M. Amin, M. F. Rathore, A. Ahmed, W. Saleem, Q. Li, A. Israr

Articles

Ceramic matrix composites have immense applications in the aerospace, aircraft, and automobile industries. Belonging to this class, carbon-fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites (C/SiC) are used for critical applications due to their superior properties. However, these materials have also stringent properties of heterogeneity, anisotropy, and varying thermal properties that affect machining quality and process efficiency. So, developing a cutting force prediction model and analyzing machining parameters is an essential need for the accurate machining of such materials. In this study, a mechanistic-based feed direction cutting force prediction model for rotary ultrasonic profile milling of C/SiC composites is developed and validated experimentally. …

Takamiya Ms 23, Its Exemplar, And The Editio Princeps Of Piers Plowman, Ian Cornelius, J. Eric Ensley

English: Faculty Publications and Other Works

New Haven, Beinecke Library, MS Takamiya 23 is a mid sixteenth-century copy of the B Version of Piers Plowman, distinguished by pervasive linguistic modernization. The manuscript derives from a source very similar to that used by Robert Crowley for the editio princeps, a textual affiliation that remains unexplained. In their critical edition, George Kane and E. Talbot Donaldson collated Takamiya 23 in full but did not print its unique variant readings and the manuscript has not figured in recent textual scholarship on Piers Plowman. This neglect has led to some conclusions that should be revisited, particularly regarding …

Evolution Of Winning Solutions In The 2021 Low-Power Computer Vision Challenge, Xiao Hu, Ziteng Jiao, Ayden Kocher, Zhenyu Wu, Junjie Liu, James C. Davis, George K. Thiruvathukal, Yung-Hsiang Lu

Computer Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Mobile and embedded devices are becoming ubiquitous. Applications such as rescue with autonomous robots and event analysis on traffic cameras rely on devices with limited power supply and computational sources. Thus, the demand for efficient computer vision algorithms increases. Since 2015, we have organized the IEEE Low-Power Computer Vision Challenge to advance the state of the art in low-power computer vision. We describe the competition organizing details including the challenge design, the reference solution, the dataset, the referee system, and the evolution of the solutions from two winning teams. We examine the winning teams’ development patterns and design decisions, focusing …

The Impact Of Covid-19 Quarantine On Lifestyle Indicators In The United Arab Emirates, Sharifa Alblooshi, Maryam Alfalasi, Zainab Taha, Farid El Ktaibi, Alia Khalid

All Works

Introduction: COVID-19 is a virus that has spread rapidly and brought economic and social crises all around the world. The current study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 quarantine on dietary habits, physical activity, food purchasing, smoking, and sleeping patterns in the United Arab Emirates. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire between November 1st, 2020 and the end of January 2021. Citizens and residents of the UAE aged ≥ 18 years old were asked to complete an anonymous electronic questionnaire created via Google Forms and distributed on various platforms, such as WhatsApp, Twitter, and email. …

Air Quality Improvement Following Covid-19 Lockdown Measures And Projected Benefits For Environmental Health, Yuei An Liou, Trong Hoang Vo, Kim Anh Nguyen, James P. Terry

All Works

Many regions worldwide suffer from heavy air pollution caused by particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), resulting in a huge annual disease burden and significant welfare costs. Following the outbreak of the COVID-19 global pandemic, enforced curfews and restrictions on human mobility (so-called periods of ‘lockdown’) have become important measures to control the spread of the virus. This study aims to investigate the improvement in air quality following COVID-19 lockdown measures and the projected benefits for environmental health. China was chosen as a case study. The work projects annual premature deaths and welfare costs by integrating PM2.5 and NO2 …

Airport Ground Access Choice Between Transportation Network Companies And Parking: A Case Study Of Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, Sen Wang, Yichen Zheng, Yi Gao

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

The segment between home and airports is an essential component in all air transportation trips. Travelers normally have different ground access options to commence their journeys. Using Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport as a special case, this study proposes a theoretical framework for quantifying and comparing the overall cost of driving and parking at airport and the use of Transportation Network Companies (TNCs) ridesharing services such as Uber. Based on the cost comparison, we design an interactive web application to visualize the utility advantage area and summarize the corresponding demographic information. Our study has the potential to benefit airports, TNC operators, …

Women And Minorities In Commercial Aviation: A Quantitative Analysis Of Data From The United States Bureau Of Labor Statistics, Robert Fowler Jr, Alexandria Lundberg, Daniel Siao, Carlos Smith

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

The number of women and minorities working in aviation occupations has been very low and continues to be very low according to data from the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Occupations in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) include aircraft pilots, flight engineers, aircraft mechanics and service technicians. Although the ratio of women and minorities working in these occupations remains low, data from the BLS indicates that the total number of individuals from these underrepresented groups who work in these occupations has increased in the last 2 decades. This research focuses on BLS data to determine employment trends …

Clinical Education Innovation Enabled By Xr Space Medicine Technology, Ethan Waisberg, Joshua Ong, Phani Paladugu, Nasif Zaman, Sharif Amit Kamran, Andrew G. Lee, Alireza Tavakkoli

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

Head-mounted extended reality (XR) has emerged as a powerful tool in medical education for simulation of clinical and surgical situations. Another potentially powerful clinical tool of XR may be to help clinicians further understand disease from the patient’s perception. In our work to develop a training tool for astronauts undergoing interplanetary gravitational transitions, we identified a unique opportunity to also develop this emerging tool for clinicians specializing in vestibulo-ocular disease. By emulating patient perception of disease, this may increase understanding and clinical insight into clinical care in the future. This work is a component of a developing NASA-funded, head-mounted multimodal …

An Analysis Of Federal Aviation Administration Enforcement Actions Against Suas Operators, Trevor Simoneau, Ryan J. Wallace, Tyler B. Spence, Jonathan Rupprecht

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has promulgated regulations to govern the commercial operation of small uncrewed aircraft systems (sUAS). Compliance with these regulations is essential for maintaining safety in the National Airspace System. And if sUAS operators fail to comply with applicable federal aviation regulations, the FAA has been granted the authority to enforce these regulations. This study explores how the FAA has been exercising its enforcement power in the context of sUAS operator regulatory noncompliance. Using data obtained from a Freedom of Information Act request, this study examines 62 FAA enforcement actions levied against sUAS operators from 2012 until …

Public Opinion Concerning The Siting Of Vertiports, David C. Ison

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

This study sought a better understanding of public opinion about the siting of vertiports to support Advanced Air Mobility (AAM). An online survey was used to collect the necessary data. The survey was divided into seven sections: personal impacts, community impacts, acceptable proximity, benefits and concerns, flight operations, open-ended comments, and demographics. The findings for personal impacts suggested a slightly positive outlook. Community impacts were assessed, and data also indicated a marginally positive outlook. The survey revealed that a tolerable average distance between the home of the respondent and a vertiport was between one to two miles. Opinions about the …

Learning From Past In The Commercial Air Transport Industry: A Bibliometric Analysis And Systematic Literature Review In The Safety Management Framework, Alok Tyagi, Rajesh Tripathi Dr, Soufiane Bouarfa Dr

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

In the commercial air transport industry, numerous accidents have occurred because stakeholders have failed to learn lessons from the past. The reactive hazard identification (HI) methodology in the current regulatory safety management framework provides a fresh opportunity to negotiate the challenges of the air transportation sector's predicted growth and societal safety expectations. In the regulatory framework, ‘learning from the past’ is related to the reactive method of HI, and it is viewed as a data-driven decision-making process in this review. This literature review aims to investigate academic literature on ‘learning from the past’ in the aviation industry to comprehend an …

Children With Williams Syndrome: Experiences Of Mainstream Primary Schools, Katherine Gulliver

Plymouth Institute of Education Theses

Four children with Williams Syndrome shared their daily experiences of attending a mainstream primary school in the South West of England, UK. Using an adaptation of the Mosaic approach (Clark, 2011), children shared their perceptions and experiences of belonging to a class, developing responsibility and learning to follow the rules. Children guided the researcher during a visit lasting one week in each school. Methods included videos, a child-led tour, photographs and interviews with staff. Informed consent was obtained by gatekeepers including children’s parents, head teacher and school staff. Children were continually monitored for assent using a reflective, ethically conscious total …

Primary School Teachers’ Values And Children’S Critical Thinking: A Comparative Case Study In England And Taiwan, Lan-Fang Liu

Plymouth Institute of Education Theses

This thesis addresses the different educational values, notably between English and Taiwanese cultures and schooling, that shape teachers' facilitation of enquiry in Philosophy for Children (P4C). Interest in ways in which pupils demonstrate their critical thinking prompted my comparative study. The research explores the values that underpin teachers' implementation of P4C. Drawing on Birkeland (2016) and Bartlett & Vavrus (2017a), the comparative case study manifests the differences and similarities of teachers’ values and philosophical facilitation in an English and a Taiwanese primary school. Exploring values that underpin teachers' implementation of P4C provides insight into the impact of P4C in different …

Soil And Wastewater Properties That Influence The Uptake Of Anti(Retro)Viral Pharmaceuticals In Plants, Preston Chebai Akenga

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

This study evaluated the fate of anti(retro)viral (ARVDs) pharmaceutical compounds in the wastewater-soil-plant-human continuum. Wastewater frequently contains pharmaceutical micropollutants. A cause to worry is the potential uptake and bioaccumulation of these biologically active contaminants via the plant's roots into the edible tissues, posing a health threat to non-target consumers. Presently, the influence of the wastewater and soil parameters (pH, soil organic matter, dissolved organic carbon) on the uptake patterns of the (ARVDs) pharmaceutical compounds is unclear. Hydroponic and pot-soil experiments were utilized to assess the ARVD accumulation in lettuce (Lactuca sativa). Spiked freshwater (stored rainwater) and synthetic wastewater (adopted as …

The Impact Of Changing Shipping Emissions On The Atmospheric Deposition Of Trace Elements And Sulfur To The Western English Channel And Coastal Zone, Laurence Christian Windell

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

Maritime shipping is a significant source of anthropogenic emissions, with annual growth of shipping continually on the rise. In the marine environment, shipping emissions often dominate the atmospheric deposition of sulfur and contribute significantly to global sulfur emissions. As a result, the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) introduced a regulation on 01/01/2020 restricting global marine fuel sulfur content from 3.5% to 0.5% w/w. The present study investigated the changes in airmass marine aerosol chemical character arriving at the Penlee Point Atmospheric Observatory (PPAO; 50∘19′ N, 4∘11′ W) to gain insight into the efficacy of the IMO-2020 regulation. The observatory in Southwest …

Using Mhealth To Support Weight Management Among Women With History Of Gestational Diabetes: A Mixed Methods Study, Katie Edwards

School of Nursing and Midwifery Theses

Using mHealth to support weight management among women with history of gestational diabetes: a mixed methods study Katie Jane Edwards Background: Women who experience gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at significant risk of developing type 2 diabetes and recurrent GDM in subsequent pregnancies, particularly if they are overweight (body mass index (BMI)>25) or obese (BMI >30). Prevention of chronic disease in this population is of major public health concern, but formalised support in the UK is disjointed and limited. Women face considerable barriers to maintain motivation when undertaking and sustaining weight management, despite desires to improve their health. Motivation …

Investigating Opportunities For Sustainability Behaviours Within Paramedic And Ambulance Service Practice, Peter Allum

School of Nursing and Midwifery Theses

The National Health Service (NHS) is under increasing pressure to adopt radical strategies for change, in order to meet UK national targets of net zero emissions by 2050. This thesis aimed to explore and investigate sustainability behaviours of UK ambulance service personnel and how they contribute to a reduce, re-use, recycle (RRR) ethos. Phase one, a systematic literature review (n=114 studies) explored sustainability in Emergency Medical Services (EMS). Phase two phenomenological study explored the role and experiences of NHS ambulance strategic managers (n=6 participants) in England, when implementing their organisational Green Plans. Phase three ethnographical observation explored the sustainability activities, …

Tectonic Geomorphology And Transient Landscape Response Of The Sparta Fault (Greece), Çal Çağatay

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

The antique city of Sparti (Greece) was ruined by a magnitude ~7.2 earthquake in 464 B.C. that occurred along the adjacent Sparta fault, and which caused ~ 20,000 deaths. The aim of this master’s research project is to extend the existing knowledge on the Sparta fault by using a combination tectonic and fluvial geomorphology in order to reveal fault effects on the river channels and the distribution of the post-glacial surfaces. Firstly, the morphology and steepness indices of rivers flowing across are evaluated in terms of the longer-term fault activity. Secondly, in the field dip, dip direction, slip vectors and …

Phosphorus Fate And Management On The Somerset Levels And Moors Ramsar Ditch Systems, Ry Crocker

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

Fundamental to all life, phosphorus is an essential nutrient and, contrastingly, a significant threat to surface water biodiversity globally as one of the most common causes of eutrophication in surface waters worldwide. Freshwater wetland ditches afflicted by these conditions undergo a shift from primarily submerged aquatic vegetation to algae or duckweed dominance, leading to excessive shading and anoxic conditions. Phosphorus, from both point (e.g., wastewater treatment works) and diffuse (largely agricultural runoff) sources, is currently the central reason for failure in the majority of surface water bodies in England to meet required water quality guidelines. Historic data indicate that surface …

Going Back-To-The-Land In The Anthropocene: A More-Than-Human Journey Into Anarchist Geography, Carlotta Molfese

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

This thesis is a theoretical and empirical journey into the more-than-human worlds of countercultural back-to-the-land farmers: radical environmentalists who migrate to rural places and take up farming as a way of living. It investigates their everyday life and relations to the land as a key dimension of their political radicalism and it interrogates the transformative potential of a back-to-the-land way of living. It does so by examining their lived experience of (post)migration and by paying attention to their affective experiences, encounters and everyday doings with the land and the non-human beings, objects and forces that are enrolled and shape their …

Geophysical Modelling Of Magnetic Anomalies Over The Lizard Complex Ophiolite, Sw England, Dilan Toprak

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

The Lizard ophiolite of SW England is a key geological terrane in the United Kingdom that represents a fragment of oceanic lithosphere emplaced northwards upon continental crust by thrust faulting during the evolution of the Variscan orogeny. The ophiolite consists of a sequence of serpentinized peridotites and overlying oceanic crustal rocks (mainly gabbros and dolerite dykes) that are well-exposed around the coastline of the Lizard peninsula but are poorly exposed inland. Aeromagnetic surveying (most recently during the Tellus SW campaign in 2013) shows a band of major magnetic anomalies that trends in a WNW-ESE direction over the peridotite outcropping at …

Historic And Prehistoric Volcanic Activity On St Kitts And Nevis, West Indies: Controls On Future Hazard, Amy Lea Peach-Gibson

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

Saint Kitts and Nevis lie in the northern part of the Lesser Antilles island arc, an archipelago formed by the subduction of the North American plate beneath the Caribbean plate. An integrated approach was undertaken to understand the most recent volcanic activity on the islands, and to assess likely future eruption styles and scenarios. A new analysis of archival records suggests that there may not have been activity at Mt Liamuiga in historic times. The 1690 activity may have been misattributed to St Kitts instead of Guadeloupe, whereas the 1843 activity remains unconfirmed. A field campaign characterised the nature of …

An Isotopic Analysis Of Carbon Dynamics In Sphagnum Peat, Jasper Michael Newman

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

Methane and carbon dioxide produced in peatlands can be held temporarily in dissolved surface waters and accessible to aquatic plants. The primary peat building plant in northern peatlands, Sphagnum moss, grows in these dissolved carbon rich waters. Understanding Sphagnum carbon cycles is key for radiocarbon dating, peatland restoration, and modelling of methane release from warming peatlands globally. This combined surface and multi‐proxy palaeoenvironmental study challenges common assumptions about the dissolved gas cycling in this semi‐aquatic environment. The Sphagnum associated methanotrophic communities within the water filled hyaline cells have commonly been linked to unusual 13C‐depleted measurements of Sphagnum carbon isotope ratios. …

Deciphering The Signature Of Fluid/Rock Reactions In The Lower Oceanic Crust: The Oman Ophiolite Analogue, Marta Grabowska

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

Hydrothermal circulation is a key Earth process, moderating elemental and heat transfers between oceanic lithosphere and the hydrosphere. The characterization and quantification of fluid/rock reactions and fluid fluxes in fast-spreading mid-ocean ridges has been a long-term ambition given these ridges are responsible for formation of two thirds of present day oceanic crust. However, our understanding of fluid pathways and the extent of fluid/rock interactions in the lower crust, particularly associated with faulting, is scarce due to limited sampling. The Oman Drilling Project has sampled three 400 metre boreholes in the lower oceanic crust of the Semail ophiolite. Hole GT1A located …

Menstrual Justice: A Human Rights Vision For Australia, Mike Armour, Dani Barrington, Helen Connolly, Beth Goldblatt, Elizabeth Hill, Danielle Howe, Margaret E. Johnson, Minnie King, Nina Lansbury, Meredith Nash, Linda Steele, Jane M. Ussher

All Faculty Scholarship

In the past year alone, news reports have shown how menstrual injustice is linked to gender inequality, a lack of economic opportunity, poor health outcomes, and human rights violations. Here is a small sampling of the unjust treatment of women and other people who menstruate: locked bathrooms at schools, inadequate supply of free period products, harmful menstruation-avoidance options for athletes, the human and economic costs of the lack of menstruation and menopause employment leave policies, and the mistreatment of people imprisoned who menstruate.

To improve women’s equality, we need menstrual justice. Menstrual justice is the achievement of dignity, liberty and …

An Unreasonable Presumption: The National Security/Foreign Affairs Nexus In Immigration Law, Anthony J. Demattee, Matthew Lindsay, Hallie Ludsin

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Accounting For Disability In International Humanitarian Law, Janet E. Lord

All Faculty Scholarship

The adoption of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD)

represents an important and (potentially) progressive development in the protection

framework under international humanitarian law (IHL). Article 11 of the CRPD

specifically obliges States to protect persons with disabilities from harm in

situations of risk, including armed conflict, consistent with IHL and human rights

law. The CRPD framework signals the need to address the traditional framing of

disability under IHL and to draw from human rights concepts in the CRPD in

order to inform the protection accorded to persons with disabilities in armed conflict.

This article is …

Characterisation Of Caspase-6-Dependent Regulatory Mechanisms Of Sqstm1/P62 Droplet-Based Autophagy, Evelina Valionyte

Peninsula Medical School Theses

p62, otherwise known as SQSTM1, is the most characterised selective autophagy receptor essential for autophagic cargo recognition, capture and degradation. p62 and its cargo form liquid-liquid phase-separated droplets which operate as assembly platforms for the formation of autophagosomes. It is poorly understood how physiological and pathological conditions modulate p62 droplet-based autophagy. In this study, the effects of cellular toxicity upon the regulation of p62 droplet-based autophagy were investigated. This study discovered that the inflammatory toxicity promotes caspase-6 to cleave p62 at a novel site D256. As the C-terminal cleavage product was undetected via western blotting rendering it unstable, the attention …