Digital Commons Network^™

Adaptive Octree Meshes For Simulation Of Extracellular Electrophysiology, Christopher Bc Girard, Dong Song

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

Objective. The interaction between neural tissues and artificial electrodes is crucial for understanding and advancing neuroscientific research and therapeutic applications. However, accurately modeling this space around the neurons rapidly increases the computational complexity of neural simulations. Approach. This study demonstrates a dynamically adaptive simulation method that greatly accelerates computation by adjusting spatial resolution of the simulation as needed. Use of an octree structure for the mesh, in combination with the admittance method for discretizing conductivity, provides both accurate approximation and ease of modification on-the-fly. Main results. In tests of both local field potential estimation and multi-electrode stimulation, dynamically adapted meshes …

Heterogenous Lung Inflammation Ct Patterns Distinguish Pneumonia And Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Pneumonitis And Complement Blood Biomarkers In Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Proof Of Concept, Muhammad Aminu, Naval Daver, Myrna C B Godoy, Girish Shroff, Carol Wu, Luis F Torre-Sada, Alberto Goizueta, Vickie R Shannon, Saadia A Faiz, Mehmet Altan, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Hagop Kantarjian, Farhad Ravandi-Kashani, Tapan Kadia, Marina Konopleva, Courtney Dinardo, Sherry Pierce, Aung Naing, Sang T Kim, Dimitrios P Kontoyiannis, Fareed Khawaja, Caroline Chung, Jia Wu, Ajay Sheshadri

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) may cause pneumonitis, resulting in potentially fatal lung inflammation. However, distinguishing pneumonitis from pneumonia is time-consuming and challenging. To fill this gap, we build an image-based tool, and further evaluate it clinically alongside relevant blood biomarkers.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied CT images from 97 patients with pneumonia and 29 patients with pneumonitis from acute myeloid leukemia treated with ICIs. We developed a CT-derived signature using a habitat imaging algorithm, whereby infected lungs are segregated into clusters ("habitats"). We validated the model and compared it with a clinical-blood model to determine whether imaging can add …

New Jak3-Insl3 Fusion Transcript-An Oncogenic Event In Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma, Loka Reddy Velatooru, Cheng Hui Hu, Pedram Bijani, Xiaohong Wang, Pierr Bojaxhi, Hao Chen, Madeleine Duvic, Xiao Ni

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Constitutively activated tyrosine kinase JAK3 is implicated in the pathogenesis of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL). The mechanisms of constitutive JAK3 activation are unknown although a JAK3 mutation was reported in a small portion of CTCL patients. In this study, we assessed the oncogenic roles of a newly identified JAK3-INSL3 fusion transcript in CTCL. Total RNA from malignant T-cells in 33 patients with Sézary syndrome (SS), a leukemic form of CTCL, was examined for the new JAK3-INSL3 fusion transcript by RT-PCR followed by Sanger sequencing. The expression levels were assessed by qPCR and correlated with patient survivals. Knockdown and/or knockout assays …

Efficacy Of Scrambler Therapy In Patients With Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Single-Arm, Prospective, Pilot Study, Seung Hee Yoo, Won-Joong Kim, Ji Seon Chae, Bo Kyung Kang, Min Jeong Kang, Min Hyouk Beak

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: A variety of medications are available to manage painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), but the proper treatment remains challenging. Accordingly, various neuromodulation modalities have been used. However, no prospective clinical trials have evaluated the use of scrambler therapy (ST) in painful DPN. This study aimed to explore the long-term effects of ST in managing painful DPN.

METHODS: The patients received 10 consecutive STs of 45 minutes every 1 to 2 days. The primary outcome was pain score. We measured the visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores at baseline, during ST, immediately after ST, and at 1, 2, 3, and …

Using L1 Student Narratives And Peer Teaching To Increase Secondary Education Mathematical Understanding, Marco Antonio Martinez Leandro

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

This phenomenological study research presents an option to use both discourse in the native language and technology as an alternative to improve the understanding of mathematics in secondary education. 13 students whose native language is Spanish attended a high school in a large urban school district in the Southwest of the United States, participated in this study.

The study's main objective was to observe the effects of using students' discourse in their language and the support of technology to increase their academic literacy in mathematics. Solution-based pedagogy was central to helping students achieve the Development of Academic Literacy in Mathematics …

Pediatric Hepatocellular Adenomas: What Is Known And What Is New?, Andres F Espinoza, Sanjeev A Vasudevan, Prakash M Masand, Dolores H Lòpez-Terrada, Kalyani R Patel

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Current understanding and classification of pediatric hepatocellular adenomas (HCA) are largely based on adult data. HCAs are rare in children and, unlike in adults, are often seen in the context of syndromes or abnormal background liver. Attempts to apply the adult classification to pediatric tumors have led to several "unclassifiable" lesions. Although typically considered benign, few can show atypical features and those with beta-catenin mutations have a risk for malignant transformation. Small lesions can be monitored while larger (>5.0 cm) lesions are excised due to symptoms or risk of bleeding/rupture, etc. Management depends on gender, age, underlying liver disease, …

Vadadustat For Treatment Of Anemia In Patients With Dialysis-Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease Receiving Peritoneal Dialysis, Mark J Sarnak, Rajiv Agarwal, Neil Boudville, Pradip C P Chowdhury, Kai-Uwe Eckardt, Carlos R Gonzalez, Laura A Kooienga, Mark J Koury, Kwabena A Ntoso, Wenli Luo, Patrick S Parfrey, Dennis L Vargo, Wolfgang C Winkelmayer, Zhiqun Zhang, Glenn M Chertow

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors such as vadadustat may provide an oral alternative to injectable erythropoiesis-stimulating agents for treating anemia in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis. In two randomized (1:1), global, phase 3, open-label, sponsor-blind, parallel-group, active-controlled noninferiority trials in patients with dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease (INNO2VATE), vadadustat was noninferior to darbepoetin alfa with respect to cardiovascular safety and hematological efficacy. Vadadustat's effects in patients receiving only peritoneal dialysis is unclear.

METHODS: We conducted a post hoc analysis of patients in the INNO2VATE trials receiving peritoneal dialysis at baseline. The prespecified primary safety endpoint was time to first major cardiovascular …

Analysis Of Resilience To Stress In Adolescents Student During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Alidina Nur Afifah, Yusri Hapsari Utami, Annisa Maimunah, Lismandasari Lismandasari, Fildzah Siti Ghassani

Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia

Stress is a condition of worry or mental tension caused by a difficult situation, often referred to as pressure. Meanwhile, resilience comprises active and distinct biological processes that protect organisms from the effects of stress. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted mental health, specifically among adolescents navigating a transitional period. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between stress and resilience among adolescents student during the COVID-19 pandemic. An analytic cross-sectional design was used and the study was conducted between February to July 2021. The subjects comprised 238 people from 22 MAN in the Jabodetabek area, selected through Cluster …

Tata-Box Binding Protein Interacts With Antp, Scr, Ubx And Abdb Through Their N-Terminal Domains, Rubén Montalvo Méndez, Gustavo Jiménez Mejía, Diana Reséndez Pérez

Research Symposium

Background: Hox proteins are transcriptional factors (TFs) that define segment identity during embryonic development regulating specific target genes. These TFs interact with cofactors for DNA specificity and other TFs to regulate gene expression, which include basal transcriptional machinery members like BIP2, Med19, TFIIEβ, M1BP and TBP. Since TBP glutamine homopeptide (PolyQ) act as an interaction domain involved transcriptional regulation, we analyzed if TBP interact with Antp, Scr, Ubx and AbdB through its PolyQ region.

Methods: We used Bimolecular Fluorescent Complementation (BiFC) to determine TBP interaction with Antp, Scr, Ubx and AbdB as well as the implication of their homeodomain (HD) …

Palmitoylation As A Regulator Of Maguk Proteins Postsynaptic Localization, Rozena Shirvani-Arani, Santiago Balderas, Yonghong Zhang, Xioaqian Fang

Research Symposium

Synaptic plasticity is the ability of the brain to make changes and the changes occur at synapses. To achieve the complicated functions, a good number of proteins are present at synapse and are called synaptic proteins. To stabilize these proteins at synapses, proteins are modified through posttranslational modifications (PTMs). The most studied PTMs include phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, glycosylation, palmitoylation, etc. Palmitoylation is a type of lipid modification and has received more attention recently for its contribution to protein trafficking, localization, and interaction in various synaptic plasticity. The membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) family includes PSD-95, PSD-93 (also known as chapsyn-110), SAP102, …

L(D)-Tyrosine-Mediated One-Step Chiral Graphene Production For Chirality-Dependent Sensing, Fnu Pranav, Ali Ashraf, Meena Jaggi, Subhash C. Chauhan, Murali M. Yallapu

Research Symposium

Background: Chirality has been the most iconic phenomenon that occurred in nature. The idea of mirror-image asymmetry associated with the biological entity is still unsolved The emergence of 2D layered nanomaterials which have already shown amazing properties and a wide range of applications, especially in the areas of sensing.Amino acids enantiomers have similar physical and chemical properties however their physiological responses get changed based on the enantiomers. For example, L from amino acids helps body in protein formation, and generation of biological signals etc. whereas the D-form may cause toxic effects. We have developed a novel and facile synthesis method …

Synthesis, Biological Evaluation And Molecular Docking Studies Of Novel 3,5- Disubstituted 2,4-Thiazolidinediones Derivatives, Pooja A. Chawla

Research Symposium

Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are a new class of antidiabetic drugs, having an insulin sensitizing effect in patients with type 2 diabetes. We report here the synthesis A series of thirteen 2,4-thiazolidinedione derivatives. The 2,4-thiazolidinedione ring's fifth position was used as a site for Knoevenagel condensation to generate the compounds listed in the title. The synthesised derivatives were characterised using a variety of physicochemical and spectral analyses, including IR, Mass, 1H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, and elemental analysis. By using the carrageenan-induced rat paw edoema method, the alloxan-induced diabetes in wistar rats method, and the FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) method, respectively, the derivatives …

Microrna-145 Replacement As A Therapeutic Tool To Improve Trail Therapy, Saini Setua, Nirnoy Dan, Melida Flores Cantu, Ana Martinez Bulnes, Murali M. Yallapu, Stephen W. Behrman, Meena Jaggi, Subhash C. Chauhan, Sheema Khan

Research Symposium

Pancreatic cancer (PanCa) is a third leading cause of cancer related deaths in US. Unlike other cancers, PanCa is highly resistant to TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) that emerges as one of the most-promising therapy in clinical trials. Our group has previously identified microRNA-145 (miR-145) is downregulated in PanCa, the restoration of which inhibits tumor growth and enhances gemcitabine sensitivity. In this study, we have observed that miR-145 restoration in PanCa cells renders them sensitive to TRAIL treatment. Therefore, we have engineered unique superparamagnetic nanoparticles (SPs) for co-delivering miR-145 and TRAIL in PanCa for improving their therapeutic response to TRAIL. The …

Novel Therapy Targeting Mutant-Krasg12d And Galectin-1 In Pancreatic Cancer, Ana I. Martinez Bulnes, Sheema Khan, Dan Ninroy, Poornima Devi Shaji, Swathi Holla, Murali M. Yallapu, Subhash C. Chauhan

Research Symposium

Introduction: Although, surgical resection and chemotherapy are the gold standard for treating Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC), low patient survival rate remains the problem. The activating point mutation of the KRAS on codon-12 is present in 70–95% of PDAC cases and so far, no success has been achieved to inhibit KRAS. KRASG12D regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis. Recent preliminary and published studies show high Galectin-1 (Gal-1) levels in both pancreatic cancer and stromal cells, which modulate tumor microenvironment and metastasis. Additionally, genetic deletion of gal1 inhibits metastasis and improves survival in KRAS mouse model of PDAC (1). Therefore, our objective is …

Trimeric Interaction Of Antp-Ubx With Tbp And Homeoprotein Exd In The Genetic Control Of Development In D. Melanogaster, Alely Cecilia Villarreal-Puente, Claudia Dalila Altamirano-Torres, Diana Resendez-Perez

Research Symposium

Homeoproteins specify body segments along the anteroposterior axis during embryo development; they bind DNA through the homeodomain (HD). Homeoproteins bind to similar and repetitive target sequences on DNA, raising the question of how they achieve functional specificity. Homeoproteins form complexes with proteins through the HDs or other regions. Antennapedia (Antp) and Ultrabithorax (Ubx) have an important role in conferring thorax identity; also they are involved in a repression transcriptional mechanism: Ubx binds to Antp promoter repressing its expression. We analyzed if Ubx and Antp perform protein-protein interaction as a regulation mechanism and if the complex Antp-Ubx are involved in trimeric …

Modulation Of Pote-2 Expression By Ncrnas In Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Adithya Anilkumar, S. Lopez, Kyle Doxtater, Neeraj Chauhan, Sudhir Kotnala, Murali M. Yallapu, Vijian Dhevan, Subhash C. Chauhan, Manish Tripathi

Research Symposium

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has one of the highest incidents and mortality rates within the Hispanic population of South Texas. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) cancer registry reports a 20.3% 5-year relative survival rate upon HCC diagnoses, which decreases in advanced stage cancers. The disproportionate impact on the Hispanic community and poor prognostics makes the search for better diagnostic measures imperative. A major step in bridging the disparity in HCC occurrence is the identification of potential biomarkers aiding in HCC diagnosis, surveillance, and treatment. POTE ankyrin domain members have been recognized as key promotors of tumorigenesis. POTE-2, a …

Identification Of Tectorigenin As A Natural Pro-Hypoxia Compound: Implications In Modulation Of Cellular Differentiation And Senescence, Mallika Khurana, Renu Wadhwa, Sunil Kaul

Research Symposium

Background: Hypoxia, a suboptimal level of oxygen, evokes stress response in cells and activated hypoxia signaling has been largely established as a pro-metastasis and pro-angiogenic factor for tumor cells. On the other hand, age-related neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by hypoxic environment, accumulation of molecular garbage and induction of premature senescence. Several recent studies have reported anti-stress impact of the intermittent induction of hypoxia signaling in these cells.

Methods: Screening of a phytochemical library using Hypoxia Responsive Element (HRE) driven luciferase as a reporter was carried out to identify hypoxia-modulating phytochemicals. Activation of HIF-1a (master regulator of hypoxia signaling) was validated …

Synthesis, Biological Evaluation And Docking Studies Of Substituted 4-Thiazolidinone Derivatives As Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory And Anticancer Agents, Keshav Taruneshwar Jha, Pooja Chawla

Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Mississippi Libraries 86(2) Summer 2023 (Full Issue)

Mississippi Libraries

Complete issue of Mississippi Libraries Volume 86 Number 2 Summer 2023

Determination Of Hfe C282y Mutation And Its Association With The Iron Status And Viral Load In Hiv Patients From Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Juan Carlos Hernández, Marisol Rosas Díaz, Esperanza Milagros García Oropesa, Santos Graciela Montemayor Beltrán, Juana Díaz García, Imelda Ramírez Puente

Research Symposium

Background: The HFE protein has a fundamental role in iron homeostasis, the HFE C282Y mutation prevents the specific function of the protein, causing greater intestinal absorption of iron and intracellular accumulation. The HIV virus causes a disease that attacks the cells of the immune system, mainly CD 4 T lymphocytes inducing their destruction and immunosuppression of the patient. Some viruses have the ability to disrupt cellular metabolic processes during their own replication, such is the case of HIV-1, which is involved in alteration of iron metabolism resulting in an overload of iron.

Methods: An exploratory, descriptive, cross-sectional and prolective study …

The No-Self Thesis: Counterarguments From Abnormal Psychology, Elma Berisha

UBT International Conference

The no-self thesis is said to originate in David Hume’s (1739) “bundle theory of self,” questioning the human self as a mere bundle of fleeting perceptions without ontological reality. In contemporary discourse, the self is sandwiched between top-down and bottom-up reductionisms: those with biological and cognitive arguments that reduce the self to a lower, ontological level, on the one hand, and those who hold cultural-linguistic constructionist positions, on the other hand, reducing the self to a higher level. In both cases, self reductionism is a prelude to complete self elimination. On these conceptions, what we call “self” may be nothing …

Molecular Basis Of Manufacturing, Stephen Byrn, Kari Clase

The Proceedings of the BIRS Community

This paper describes the Biotechnology Innovation and Regulatory Science course named The Molecular Basis of Manufacturing. This course covers drug manufacture including excipients, basic formulation, basic DOE analysis, and analysis of the final drug product (typically tablets or capsules). Molecular interpretation of formulations is discussed. The modules in the course are described as well as other course materials including quizzes and discussion questions. This paper will assist with the development of course in this area throughout the entire world.

A Neurodevelopmental Perspective To Improve Innovation In Preventive Treatment Of Substance Use Disorders, Ismael Perez, John Vandeberg, Mario Gil

Research Symposium

Background: Midbrain dopaminergic neurons have been associated with substance use disorders (Blaess & Ang, 2015). Understanding their neurodevelopment during early stages of life is fundamental for innovating preventive care treatments. The animal model Monodelphis domestica has been proposed as an excellent candidate to study neurodevelopmental changes due to the ease of access to see changes in their embryonic development (Mate et al., 1994). The purpose of our study is to inform how brain cells, including and especially dopaminergic neurons, mature by quantifying their number during early development. Additionally, the study aims to compare different midbrain areas and track neurodevelopmental changes …

Characterization Of The Female Reproductive Cycle In The Syrian Hamster (Mesocricetus Auratus), Fernando Dominguez, Esperanza Alaniz, Alexandra Chalons, Mario Gil

Research Symposium

Gender and biological sex are important variables in biomedical research, and a female’s reproductive status is an important factor that plays a role in and impacts health outcomes. Understanding how the female reproductive cycle affects behavior may help in the development of treatments that can be implemented in a clinical setting. Following Dr. Orsini's protocol, published in 1961, to identify and document the different stages of the female hamsters’ 4-day estrous cycle, we characterized the female hamsters’ estrus cycle by inspecting vaginal discharge phenomena. Orsini (1961) named day 1 discharge of the cycle as translucent (TS), day 2 as postestrus …

Aspect Of Sleep Quality Amid Undergraduate Medical Students In Correlation With Bmi., Pooja Pallavi, Suma Nataraj, Arun Gopi, Shobha Chikkavaddaragudi Ramachandra, Prashant Vishwanath, Akila Prashant

International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the quality of sleep among medical undergraduates from different phases of the medical program using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and to study the association of body mass index (BMI) with the quality of sleep among them. Material and Methods: Sleep quality was assessed among 482 medical undergraduates using the PSQI. Students undergoing treatment for psychiatric illness, diabetes or hypertension, history of alcohol consumption, and smoking were excluded from the study. Obesity was ascertained by calculating the BMI and categorized into 2 groups of23.0 according to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for …

Photocatalytic Degradation Of Phenolic Pollutants By Nanocomposites: A Systematic Review And Pooled Analysis, Rajesh Chethan, Shetty Utapal, Rajashekara Rakshitha, Nagaraju Chaithra, Nagaraju Pallavi

International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences

All living things depend on water, which is a precious natural resource. Modern hydropower generation, industrial processes, and transportation increasingly rely significantly on water. Emerging contaminants are currently posing a serious threat to our environment and significantly damaging human health. To address these water-related problems, photocatalysis, one of the advanced oxidation processes, has drawn a lot of attention. The most common photocatalytic approach for the elimination of phenolic pollutants, which is one of the emerging pollutants in the aquatic environment, was determined through a systematic review of the scientific literature in the current study. Furthermore, It was thought about how …

Watermelon Seed Extract Inhibits Protein Aggregation And Formation Of Advanced Glycation End-Products, Faiyaz Ahmed, Satish A

International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences

BACKGROUND: Glycation of proteins is a key element in the onset of diabetes consequences. The potential of medicinal plants to inhibit the progression of glycation complications provides a significant opportunity as an alternative therapy. METHODS: The effect of watermelon seed extract (WMSE) on antioxidant capacity was assessed based on radical scavenging activity and metal chelation activity. Further the inhibition of Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) formation was assessed by using different sources of amine (haemoglobin, bovine serum albumin, G.K peptide) and sugar sources (δ-gluconolactone, methylglyoxal, ribose). Aminoguanidine (AG) used as standard drug. RESULTS: Due to the presence of various phytochemicals that …

Statistical Machine Learning Algorithm For Predicting The Risk Factors In Heart Disease, Chaithra N, Shalini H. Doreswamy, Pallavi N

International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences

Heart disease is one of the major non-communicable disease and leading cause of mortality in the world. According to WHO heart disease is taking about nearly 17.9 million lives of people each year. Its mortality forecasts indicate a rise in global annual deaths to 20.5 million in 2020 and as high as 24.2 million by 2030. Risk factors are one of the most powerful predictors of heart disease. The study includes modified and non- modified risk factors that contribute to the disease such as Age, Gender, Family history, Hypertension, Diabetics, Obesity, Blood Pressure, Smoking, Alcohol intake, Exercise and Heart rate. …

Phytochemical And Bioactive Properties Of Phlogacanthus And Andrographis Genus Plants: Potential For Post-Pandemic Home Remedies, Patipon Teerakitchotikan, Tibet Tangpao, Supattanakij Posawang, Smitha S. Bhat, Shashanka K. Prasadand, Sarana Rose Sommano

International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences

This study aimed to differentiate the morphological characteristics, chemical constituents, and bioactive potential of Acanthaceae family plants, specifically three Phlogacanthus species and Andrographis paniculata. Under identical conditions, cutting stock plant of three Phlogacanthus species (Dee pla kung, Hom chang, and Cha hom) and Andrographis paniculata (Fah talai jone) were pruned and cultivated at the Chiang Mai Royal Agricultural Research Center. The morphology, biomass yield, and growth rates of the plants were observed after 90 days. Methanolic extracts of the dried aerial parts of these plants were analyzed for bioactive compounds, such as total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), …

Plant Derived Bioactive Compounds, Their Anti-Cancer Effects As An Alternative Target Treatment Strategy For Breast Cancer: An Updated Overview, Pruthvish Reddy, Sushma Pradeep, S.M. Gopinath, Shiva Prasad Kollur, Chandan Shivamallu

International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences

For decades, cancer has been a major public health concern worldwide owing to its high mortality rate. Many therapeutic strategies have come up in the scientific world, but it's pitiful to know that synthetic chemotherapeutic agents either cause adverse effects or cancer cells develop resistance to these agents. Plant-derived chemotherapeutic agents present a wide range of therapeutics and most are yet to be discovered. In the current review, we have discussed the tumoricidal properties of Mucuna pruriens (seed), Withania coagulans (berry), Anacyclus pyrethrum (rhizome), Arachis hypogea (leaf), Rhizaoma polygoni (root) and Terminalia chebula (fruit). We have also tried to summarize …