Digital Commons Network^™

Pcbp1 Regulates Lifr Through Fam3c To Maintain Breast Cancer Stem Cell Self-Renewal And Invasiveness, William S. Streitfeld

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

The poly(rC) binding protein 1 gene (PCBP1) encodes the heterogenous nuclear ribonucleoprotein E1 (hnRNPE1), a nucleic acid-binding protein that plays a tumor-suppressive role in mammary epithelial cells by regulating phenotypic plasticity and cell fate. Following the loss of PCBP1 function, the FAM3C gene (encoding the Interleukin-like EMT inducer, or “ILEI” protein) and the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) gene are upregulated. Interaction between FAM3C and LIFR in the extracellular space induces phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (pSTAT3). Overexpression and/or hyperactivity of STAT3 has been detected in 40% of breast cancer cases and is associated with a …

Binding Interactions Of Biologically Relevant Molecules Studied Using Surface-Modified And Nanostructured Surfaces, Palak Sondhi

Dissertations

This research focuses on the field of surface nanobioscience, wherein different nanosurfaces that will be used as working electrodes in the electrochemical cell are manufactured and surface modified to understand the critical binding interactions between biologically significant molecules like proteins, carbohydrates, small drug molecules, and glycoproteins. This research is essential if we are to determine whether a synthetic molecule can serve as a therapeutic candidate or diagnose a disease in its early stages. In order to fully understand the binding interactions, the study begins with defining some of the fundamental concepts, principles, and analytical tools for biosensing.

Afterwards, we addressed …

Blue Runner (Caranx Crysos) Neurocranium, Delaney Deinlein, Gabriel Droz, David Kerstetter

All Scans: Kerstetter Fisheries and Avian Ecology 3D Scan Series

Neurocranium from approximately 30 cm total length (TL) Blue Runner (Caranx crysos), collected from Dania Pier in 2023 by Charles Klinger.

Mimicking Biofilms: Photosynthetic Assessments Of C. Reinhardtii In 3 Physical Forms, John Michael Roesgen

Biology ETDs

Oxygenic photosynthesis supports the majority of life on Earth through the capture of energy from sunlight and the assimilation of CO₂ into basic building blocks of cells. Microalgae are fast growing and account for about half of global photosynthesis. In addition, they can be cultivated and their metabolism can be redirected to generate additional useful products ranging from biofuels to pharmaceuticals. However, the efficiency of metabolite production is severely impacted by the slow diffusion of CO₂ through water and the high energetic costs of harvesting microalgae from liquid cultures. Microalgae grow in open water, but they also form …

Oregon State Rank Assesment For Johnson's Hairstreak (Callophrys Johnsoni), Misty Nelson

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

Oregon state conservation status assessment for Johnson's hairstreak (Callophrys johnsoni) using NatureServe methodology, 2023.

Circulating Tumor Dna Monitoring On Chemo-Immunotherapy For Risk Stratification In Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Bruna Pellini, Russell W Madison, Merrida A Childress, Shoshana T Miller, Ole Gjoerup, Jason Cheng, Richard S P Huang, Michael Krainock, Pratyush Gupta, Wei Zou, David S Shames, Solomon Moshkevich, Marcus Ballinger, Minetta C Liu, Amanda Young, Minu K Srivastava, Geoffrey R Oxnard, Mark A Socinski

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Chemoimmunotherapy (chemoIO) is a prevalent first-line treatment for advanced driver-negative non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with maintenance therapy given after induction. However, there is significant clinical variability in the duration, dosing, and timing of maintenance therapy after induction chemoIO. We used circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) monitoring to inform outcomes in patients with advanced NSCLC receiving chemoIO.

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: This retrospective study included 221 patients from a phase III trial of atezolizumab+carboplatin+nab-paclitaxel versus carboplatin+nab-paclitaxel in squamous NSCLC (IMpower131). ctDNA monitoring used the FoundationOne Tracker involving comprehensive genomic profiling of pretreatment tumor tissue, variant selection using an algorithm to exclude nontumor …

Dietary L-Tryptophan Consumption Determines The Number Of Colonic Regulatory T Cells And Susceptibility To Colitis Via Gpr15, Nguyen Van, Karen Zhang, Rachel Wigmore, Anne Kennedy, Carolina Dasilva, Jialing Huang, Manju Ambelil, Jose Villagomez, Gerald O'Connor, Randy Longman, Miao Cao, Adam Snook, Michael Platten, Gerard Kasenty, Luis Sigal, George C Prendergast, Sangwon Kim

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

Environmental factors are the major contributor to the onset of immunological disorders such as ulcerative colitis. However, their identities remain unclear. Here, we discover that the amount of consumed L-Tryptophan (L-Trp), a ubiquitous dietary component, determines the transcription level of the colonic T cell homing receptor, GPR15, hence affecting the number of colonic FOXP3⁺ regulatory T (Treg) cells and local immune homeostasis. Ingested L-Trp is converted by host IDO1/2 enzymes, but not by gut microbiota, to compounds that induce GPR15 transcription preferentially in Treg cells via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Consequently, two weeks of dietary L-Trp supplementation nearly double …

Functional Aggregation Of Cell-Free Proteins Enables Fungal Ice Nucleation, Ralph Schwidetzky, Ingrid De Almeida Ribeiro, Nadine Bothen, Anna T. Backes, Arthur L. Devries, Mischa Bonn, Janine Fröhlich-Nowoisky, Valeria Molinero, Konrad Meister

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Biological ice nucleation plays a key role in the survival of cold-adapted organisms. Several species of bacteria, fungi, and insects produce ice nucleators (INs) that enable ice formation at temperatures above −10 °C. Bacteria and fungi produce particularly potent INs that can promote water crystallization above −5 °C. Bacterial INs consist of extended protein units that aggregate to achieve superior functionality. Despite decades of research, the nature and identity of fungal INs remain elusive. Here, we combine ice nucleation measurements, physicochemical characterization, numerical modeling, and nucleation theory to shed light on the size and nature of the INs from the …

Small Molecule Inhibitors Targeting Clostridioides Difficile Sporulation, Yu Chen, Michael Sacco, James Leahy, Elena Bray, Xingmin Sun, Xiujun Zhang

USF Patents

Disclosed herein are compounds that can prevent and treat C. difficile by inhibiting sporulation. Also disclosed herein are compositions and formulations comprising the compound disclosed herein. Methods of preventing and treating C. difficile comprising administering the compounds described herein are also disclosed.

Mirna As Systemic Mediators For Environmentally Persistent Free Radical-Induced Cardiovascular Dysfunction, Ankit Aryal

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Air pollution is consistently linked with elevations in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its mortality. Particulate matter (PM) is a pivotal factor in air pollution-associated CVD. PM containing environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFR) forms from the incomplete combustion of organic wastes. These products adhere to particulate matter carrying redox-active transition metals on its surface. To enable systematic research of the health impacts of EPFR, our colleagues developed a combustion method to produce EPFR-containing PM that closely resemble urban PM and validated their use for typical laboratory settings. We exposed mice to laboratory generated EPFR through whole-body inhalation and investigated their dose-dependent …

Mechanical Loading And Hyperosmolarity As A Daily Resetting Cue For Skeletal Circadian Clocks, Michal Dudek, Dharshika R J Pathiranage, Beatriz Bano-Otalora, Anna Paszek, Natalie Rogers, Cátia F Gonçalves, Craig Lawless, Dong Wang, Zhuojing Luo, Liu Yang, Farshid Guilak, Judith A Hoyland, Qing-Jun Meng

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Daily rhythms in mammalian behaviour and physiology are generated by a multi-oscillator circadian system entrained through environmental cues (e.g. light and feeding). The presence of tissue niche-dependent physiological time cues has been proposed, allowing tissues the ability of circadian phase adjustment based on local signals. However, to date, such stimuli have remained elusive. Here we show that daily patterns of mechanical loading and associated osmotic challenge within physiological ranges reset circadian clock phase and amplitude in cartilage and intervertebral disc tissues in vivo and in tissue explant cultures. Hyperosmolarity (but not hypo-osmolarity) resets clocks in young and ageing skeletal tissues …

Novel Clinical Trial Designs With Dose Optimization To Improve Long-Term Outcomes, Peter F Thall, Yong Zang, Andrew G Chapple, Ying Yuan, Ruitao Lin, David Marin, Pavlos Msaouel

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Conventional designs for choosing a dose for a new therapy may select doses that are unsafe or ineffective and fail to optimize progression-free survival time, overall survival time, or response/remission duration. We explain and illustrate limitations of conventional dose-finding designs and make four recommendations to address these problems. When feasible, a dose-finding design should account for long-term outcomes, include screening rules that drop unsafe or ineffective doses, enroll an adequate sample size, and randomize patients among doses. As illustrations, we review three designs that include one or more of these features. The first illustration is a trial that randomized patients …

Novak, Jean Marie, San Jose State University

Emeritus and Retired Faculty Biographies

University of California, Berkeley & SFSU, Doctoral Program - Ph.D. - 1991

• Major - Special Education Emphasis in Neuro-Speech Pathology and Psychology

California State University, Fresno, M.A. - 1980

• Major - Speech Pathology

California State University, Fresno, B.A. - 1978

• Major - Communicative Disorders

University of San Francisco, San Francisco 1974-77

• Major – Pre-Medicine: Biological Sciences
• Minor – Theology and Philosophy

Colsa Grad Student Leads 'Day As A Scientist' Event For Manchester High Schoolers, Keith Testa

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Academic Senate - Agenda, 11/14/2023, Academic Senate

Academic Senate Agendas

No abstract provided.

A Dance Of Resistance: The Puerto Rican Bomba As A Means To Challenge Intersections Of Discrimination On The Island, Daniel Loving

LSU Master's Theses

This thesis examines the Puerto Rican Bomba as a multifaceted cultural and political phenomenon, focusing on its pivotal role in challenging and subverting the enduring issues of racial and gender discrimination on the Island. Drawing from an interdisciplinary framework that encompasses cultural studies, anthropology, history, performance and film studies, this research elucidates the complex interplay between Bomba's rhythmic and choreographic elements, its historical evolution, and its contemporary significance in the context of Puerto Rico's sociopolitical landscape. By analyzing Bomba's historical roots in African and indigenous traditions, its adaptation during colonial and post-colonial eras, and its ongoing relevance in the struggle …

Copyright 2023 Giarikos Et Al. Distributed Under Creative Commons Cc-By 4.0 Open Access Assessing The Ecological Risk Of Heavy Metal Sediment Contamination From Port Everglades Florida Usa, Dimitri Giarikos, Laura White, Andre M. Daniels, Radleigh Santos, Paul Baldauf, Amy Hirons

SECLER Data

Port sediments are often contaminated with metals and organic compounds from anthropogenic sources. Remobilization of sediment during a planned expansion of Port Everglades near Fort Lauderdale, Florida (USA) has the potential to harm adjacent benthic communities, including coral reefs. Twelve sediment cores were collected from four Port Everglades sites and a control site; surface sediment was collected at two nearby coral reef sites. Sediment cores, sampled every 5 cm, were analyzed for 14 heavy metals using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Results for all three locations yielded concentration ranges (mg/g): As, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Pb, Mn, Hg, Mn, Ni, Se, …

Dhodh: A Promising Target In The Treatment Of T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Amy N Sexauer, Gabriela Alexe, Karin Gustafsson, Elizabeth Zanetakos, Jelena Milosevic, Mary Ayres, Varsha Gandhi, Yana Pikman, Kimberly Stegmaier, David B Sykes

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Patients with relapsed or refractory T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) have a poor prognosis with few therapeutic options. With the goal of identifying novel therapeutic targets, we used data from the Dependency Map project to identify dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) as one of the top metabolic dependencies in T-ALL. DHODH catalyzes the fourth step of de novo pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis. Small molecule inhibition of DHODH rapidly leads to the depletion of intracellular pyrimidine pools and forces cells to rely on extracellular salvage. In the absence of sufficient salvage, this intracellular nucleotide starvation results in the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis, …

The Landscape Of Alterations From 1407 Ultra-Rare Sarcomas From The Aacr Genie Database: Clinical Implications, Ryan A Denu, Justin T Moyers, Mohamed A Gouda, Anthony P Conley, Alexander J Lazar, Vivek Subbiah

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Ultra-rare sarcomas (URS) comprise a group of orphan diseases with an incidence of ≤1/1,000,000 people per year. We aimed to assess clinically actionable genomic alterations in URS.

Experimental design: Data were extracted from the GENIE database using cBioPortal. OncoKB was used to assess for clinical actionability of mutations. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) was inferred from clinical sequencing data.

Results: Soft tissue (ST) URS made up 23.5% of ST sarcoma cases, and bone URS made up 16.5% of bone sarcoma cases. The most commonly mutated gene in all four groups was TP53. The most common fusions involved EWSR1. The most …

Gasdermin D Permeabilization Of Mitochondrial Inner And Outer Membranes Accelerates And Enhances Pyroptosis, Rui Miao, Cong Jiang, Winston Y Chang, Haiwei Zhang, Jinsu An, Felicia Ho, Pengcheng Chen, Han Zhang, Caroline Junqueira, Dulguun Amgalan, Felix G Liang, Junbing Zhang, Charles L Evavold, Iva Hafner-Bratkovič, Zhibin Zhang, Pietro Fontana, Shiyu Xia, Markus Waldeck-Weiermair, Youdong Pan, Thomas Michel, Liron Bar-Peled, Hao Wu, Jonathan C Kagan, Richard N Kitsis, Peng Zhang, Xing Liu, Judy Lieberman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Gasdermin D (GSDMD)-activated inflammatory cell death (pyroptosis) causes mitochondrial damage, but its underlying mechanism and functional consequences are largely unknown. Here, we show that the N-terminal pore-forming GSDMD fragment (GSDMD-NT) rapidly damaged both inner and outer mitochondrial membranes (OMMs) leading to reduced mitochondrial numbers, mitophagy, ROS, loss of transmembrane potential, attenuated oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and release of mitochondrial proteins and DNA from the matrix and intermembrane space. Mitochondrial damage occurred as soon as GSDMD was cleaved prior to plasma membrane damage. Mitochondrial damage was independent of the B-cell lymphoma 2 family and depended on GSDMD-NT binding to cardiolipin. Canonical and …

Emergency Department Presentations Of Diabetic Ketoacidosis In A Large Cohort Of Children, Lisa E. Nigrovic, Nathan Kuppermann, Simona Ghetti, Jeff E. Schunk, Michael J. Stoner, Arleta Rewers, Julie K. Mcmanemy, Kimberly S. Quayle, Jennifer L. Trainor, Leah Tzimenatos, Jonathan E. Bennett, Maria Y. Kwok, Sage R. Myers, Kathleen M. Brown, T. Charles Casper, Cody S. Olsen, Nicole S. Glaser

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

Background.

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a potentially life-threatening complication of childhood diabetes. However, the influence of demographic factors on presentation are not well-defined.

Methods.

We included children from 12 centers who were <18 years with DKA (glucose > 300 mg/dL, serum pH < 7.25, or serum bicarbonate <15 mEq/L) enrolled in the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) Fluid Therapies Under Investigation in DKA (FLUID) Trial. Data were also collected for children who presented to the centers during the enrollment period but were not enrolled due to disease or treatment-related reasons. We compared demographic, clinical, and biochemical findings among children with newly and previously diagnosed diabetes and children in different age groups.

Results.

Of the 1,679 DKA episodes in 1,553 children, 799 (47.5%) episodes occurred in children with newly diagnosed diabetes and 396 (23.6%) were severe (pH < 7.1). Newly diagnosed children <6 years of age were not more likely to have severe DKA in terms of pH, but had more severe hypocarbia and higher blood urea nitrogen levels, factors previously associated with the risk of cerebral injury. Lower socioeconomic status (SES) (based on family income and maternal education level) were associated with more severe DKA in new onset children, and recurrent DKA in the previously diagnosed children.

Conclusions.

Greater efforts are needed to identify the children with diabetes early and to prevent recurrent DKA, particularly among children in low-SES groups. Young children with DKA may need more intensive monitoring due to higher …

Oregon State Rank Assessment For Oregon Giant Earthworm (Driloleirus Macelfreshi), Misty Nelson

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

Oregon state conservation status assessment for Oregon giant earthworm (Driloleirus macelfreshi) using NatureServe methodology, 2023.

Targeted Suppression Of Mtorc2 Reduces Seizures Across Models Of Epilepsy, James Okoh, Jacqunae Mays, Alexandre Bacq, Juan A Oses-Prieto, Stefka Tyanova, Chien-Ju Chen, Khalel Imanbeyev, Marion Doladilhe, Hongyi Zhou, Paymaan Jafar-Nejad, Alma Burlingame, Jeffrey Noebels, Stephanie Baulac, Mauro Costa-Mattioli

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that poses a major threat to public health. Hyperactivation of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) is believed to lead to abnormal network rhythmicity associated with epilepsy, and its inhibition is proposed to provide some therapeutic benefit. However, mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2) is also activated in the epileptic brain, and little is known about its role in seizures. Here we discover that genetic deletion of mTORC2 from forebrain neurons is protective against kainic acid-induced behavioral and EEG seizures. Furthermore, inhibition of mTORC2 with a specific antisense oligonucleotide robustly suppresses seizures in several pharmacological and genetic mouse models …

Missense Mutations In Crx Homeodomain Cause Dominant Retinopathies Through Two Distinct Mechanisms, Yiqiao Zheng, Chi Sun, Xiaodong Zhang, Philip A Ruzycki, Shiming Chen

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Homeodomain transcription factors (HD TFs) are instrumental to vertebrate development. Mutations in HD TFs have been linked to human diseases, but their pathogenic mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we use

Post-Acute Sequelae Of Covid-19 (Pasc) In Pediatrics: Factors That Impact Symptom Severity And Referral To Treatment., Catherine Soprano, Ryan Ngo, Casey A Konys, Ashley Bazier, Katherine Salamon

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

The post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) is a complex condition. While there are emerging studies on its effects in adults, there is scarce research regarding the long-term effects of COVID-19 infection among youth. Several researchers have likened long-haul COVID-19 to chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS). In adults, the prognosis for these diagnoses is less promising than that in youth; however, there is currently very little information available on the presentation of youth with PASC. A better understanding of the specific symptom presentation for youth diagnosed with PASC is necessary. Retrospective chart reviews were conducted …

It’S Not Paradise For The Dogs And Shelter Workers: Dog Welfare And Occupational Stress In Animal Shelters In Hawaii, Lynn Morrison

People and Animals: The International Journal of Research and Practice

Dog welfare and occupational stress of animal shelter workers at two sites on Hawaii Island were examined. The east side had higher euthanasia rates than the west side. The two sites are in locales that differ culturally and economically. The goal of this study is to (1) elucidate how dog culture differs at the two sites and how those differences affect the health of dogs, and (2) assess the stress levels of shelter workers who must simultaneously care for the dogs while often having to euthanize them. Interviews and cortisol were obtained from the shelter workers and cortisol was obtained …

Stress Response To Winter Warfare Training: Potential Impact Of Location, Lauren M. Visconti, Andrea C. Givens, Lorraine P. Turcotte, Laura Arrington, Karen R. Kelly

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Winter Warfare Training (WWT) is a critical component of military training to prepare individuals to move effectively in harsh conditions. Moving through snow and heavy terrain increases overall stress to the entire human system. PURPOSE: The purpose of this effort was to quantify the stress response during WWT to determine the level of physiological adaptation to extreme environments. METHODS: Mountain and mobility operators (age: 31.5±1.4 years; height: 71.1±0.5 inches; weight: 192.5±6.6 lbs.; body fat percentage: 18.0±5.0%) were recruited for this effort. Participants engaged in baseline laboratory metrics at their home station located in Colorado (CO) prior to WWT for one …

Effects Of A 16-Week Home-Based Strength Training Randomized Controlled Trial On Depression In Obese Latino Adolescent Boys, Emilio Rodriguez, Rakaihya Thomas, Jonathan Hernandez Aguilar, Melanie Panosian, Alexandra Knipprath, Allan Knox, Louise A. Kelly

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

While the data has shown that the overall prevalence of depression is 6% in adolescents, these statistics are primarily based on white children. Latino children are more likely to suffer anxiety, depression and other mental health disorders compared to their non-Latino peers. While incidents are higher in Latino kids (22% suffer from depression), few receive treatment when compared to white children (8% vs 14% respectively). Given the prevailing burden and impact of mental health disorders in youth, it is essential that effective interventions are identified and implemented. PURPOSE: To assess the effects of a 16-week (2x/week) home-based strength training …

Black Political Representation And American Feelings, Jhanae George

Governance: The Political Science Journal at UNLV

Research on Black stereotypes argue that Black politicians are often labeled or perceived differently from the Black population as a whole. This research has led to questions on whether or not Black politicians can influence the overall perception of Blacks in America. Due to stereotypes leading to prejudicial treatment of certain groups, increases in representation of these groups in respected positions can aid in moving past the negative generalizations and any resultant treatment. By examining the number of Black representatives in America, along with feeling thermometer data from American National Election Studies, I find that there is little correlation between …

Chemicals And Creeds: Cbrn Weapon Use And Religious-Based Terrorism, Nikolai Apilado

Governance: The Political Science Journal at UNLV

General theories of terrorism typically focus on economic, social, or political factors that lead to terrorist acts. Conversely, chemical, biological, radiational, and nuclear (CBRN) weapons are rarely spoken of in academic literature. Yet, these weapons are still used by terrorists in some capacity. In this paper, I argue that religion is the primary factor that influences terrorists to pursue CBRN weapons as opposed to more secular-based terrorists. This is due to the fact that religious-based terrorists are not concerned with preserving their reputation or credibility among society, as well as being so blinded by their religion that they are willing …