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2023

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Deep Brain Stimulation For Substance Use Disorder: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Nour Shaheen, Ahmed Shaheen, Can Sarica, Arun Singh, Mario Zanaty, Karim Johari, Andrew Yang, Theresa Zesiewicz, Brian Dalm, Yarema Bezchlibnyk, Andres M. Lozano, Oliver Flouty Jan 2023

Deep Brain Stimulation For Substance Use Disorder: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Nour Shaheen, Ahmed Shaheen, Can Sarica, Arun Singh, Mario Zanaty, Karim Johari, Andrew Yang, Theresa Zesiewicz, Brian Dalm, Yarema Bezchlibnyk, Andres M. Lozano, Oliver Flouty

Faculty Publications

Objective: Substance use disorder (SUD) is a significant public health issue with a high mortality rate. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has shown promising results in treating SUD in certain cases. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of DBS in the treatment of SUD and reduction of relapse rates. Methods: We performed a thorough and methodical search of the existing scientific literature, adhering to the PRISMA guidelines, to identify 16 original studies that fulfilled our inclusion criteria. We used the evidence levels recommended by the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine to assess bias. The R version …

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Modern-Day Neanderthal Genetic Lifewriting, Interspecies Romance, And The Promise Of Multispecies Autoethnography, Travis Brisini Jan 2023

Modern-Day Neanderthal Genetic Lifewriting, Interspecies Romance, And The Promise Of Multispecies Autoethnography, Travis Brisini

Faculty Publications

Advances in contemporary genetic science have reshaped the narratives whereby individuals and communities make sense of their personal, family, and communal histories. In this process, unknown connections have been revealed and familiar orthodoxies disrupted. This essay examines the consequences of a particularly unusual revelation - the dawning awareness of the presence of nonhuman and archaic human DNA in human genetic lines - for efforts at writing about identity and society. In this autoethnographic account, I examine my own genetic inheritance of Neanderthal DNA, and posit a performative concept of genetic life writing that begins to unpack the complexities of this …

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How To Do The History Of Sexual Science, Benjamin Kahan, Greta Lafleur Jan 2023

How To Do The History Of Sexual Science, Benjamin Kahan, Greta Lafleur

Faculty Publications

This introduction maps the ways in which sexual scientific thought circulated during the fin de siècle, tracing the interconnections between and breaks in the global circuits of sexological thought and how this circuitry continues to structure sexuality in the present. In so doing, Kahan and LaFleur position their approach and that of the special issue as a whole within the larger field of sexology, placing it in more robust dialogue with sexuality studies and attending in particular to sexology's racial and imperial logics. They examine the ways in which racial science and colonial knowledge constitute sexual science as an amorphous …

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Design, Alpha Testing, And Beta Testing Of A 3-D Printed Open-Hardware Portable Cryopreservation Device For Aquatic Species, William M. Childress, Yue Liu, Terrence R. Tiersch Jan 2023

Design, Alpha Testing, And Beta Testing Of A 3-D Printed Open-Hardware Portable Cryopreservation Device For Aquatic Species, William M. Childress, Yue Liu, Terrence R. Tiersch

Faculty Publications

Efforts in development of germplasm repositories to preserve genetic resources of aquatic species are impeded globally by a lack of standardized, inexpensive, reproducible, and portable cryopreservation technologies. The present work demonstrates a 3-D printed standardizable freezing device that can be used with nitrogen vapor shipping dewars for on-site sperm cryopreservation for aquatic species and be distributed as open-hardware. This device could hold 22 French straws (0.25-mL or 0.5-mL) and a quick-release ring design could eject straws directly into a canister inside a dewar by pressing a button after freezing. The final prototypes produced cooling rates of 1 to 68°C/min for …

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Integrated Processes Turning Pepper Sauce Waste Into Valuable By-Products, Jicheng Shu, Yongqin Yin, Zhijun Liu Jan 2023

Integrated Processes Turning Pepper Sauce Waste Into Valuable By-Products, Jicheng Shu, Yongqin Yin, Zhijun Liu

Faculty Publications

Background: Safe and efficient disposal of millions of tons of pepper sauce waste (PSW) can be a challenge to pepper sauce manufacturers that are concerned about creating environmental hazards from the processing (e.g., preservative salt and vinegar) and intrinsic (e.g., the pungent capsaicins) ingredients. It will be immensely beneficial to process these waste materials before they go to disposal. This work presents integrated approaches for a complete utilization of waste materials by removing and recovering valuable by-products and/or ingredients while succeeding to minimal to zero hazards. Methods: Laboratory- and pilot-scale extraction processes were used to demonstrate the recovery of intrinsic …

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Effects Of Ketone Bodies On Energy Expenditure, Substrate Utilization, And Energy Intake In Humans, Rodrigo Fernández-Verdejo, Jacob T. Mey, Eric Ravussin Jan 2023

Effects Of Ketone Bodies On Energy Expenditure, Substrate Utilization, And Energy Intake In Humans, Rodrigo Fernández-Verdejo, Jacob T. Mey, Eric Ravussin

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

The potential of ketogenic approaches to regulate energy balance has recently gained attention since ketones may influence both energy expenditure and energy intake. In this narrative review, we summarized the most relevant evidence about the role of ketosis on energy expenditure, substrate utilization, and energy intake in humans. We considered different strategies to induce ketosis, such as fasting, dietary manipulation, and exogenous ketone sources. In general, ketosis does not have a major influence on energy expenditure but promotes a shift in substrate utilization towards ketone body oxidation. The strategies to induce ketosis by reduction of dietary carbohydrate availability (e.g., ketogenic …

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Redox Regulation In Diabetic Kidney Disease, Ilse S. Daehn, Ubong S. Ekperikpe, Krisztian Stadler Jan 2023

Redox Regulation In Diabetic Kidney Disease, Ilse S. Daehn, Ubong S. Ekperikpe, Krisztian Stadler

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most devastating complications of diabetes mellitus, where currently there is no cure available. Several important mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of this complication, with oxidative stress being one of the key factors. The past decades have seen a large number of publications with various aspects of this topic; however, the specific details of redox regulation in DKD are still unclear. This is partly because redox biology is very complex, coupled with a complex and heterogeneous organ with numerous cell types. Furthermore, often times terms such as “oxidative stress” or reactive oxygen species …

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Acute Stressors Do Not Impair Short-Term Memory Or Attention In An Aged Mouse Model Of Amyloidosis, Giuliana M. Dimarco, Breanna N. Harris, Alena V. Savonenko, Paul L. Soto Jan 2023

Acute Stressors Do Not Impair Short-Term Memory Or Attention In An Aged Mouse Model Of Amyloidosis, Giuliana M. Dimarco, Breanna N. Harris, Alena V. Savonenko, Paul L. Soto

Faculty Publications

Memory impairment in Alzheimer’s disease patients is thought to be associated with the accumulation of amyloid-beta peptides and tau proteins. However, inconsistent reports of cognitive deficits in pre-clinical studies have raised questions about the link between amyloid-beta and cognitive decline. One possible explanation may be that studies reporting memory deficits often involve behavioral assessments that entail a high stress component. In contrast, in tasks without a high stress component transgenic mice do not consistently show declines in memory. The glucocorticoid cascade hypothesis of aging and the vicious cycle of stress framework suggest that stress exacerbates dementia progression by initiating a …

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Remote Assessment Of Negative Symptoms Of Schizophrenia, David G. Daniel, Alex S. Cohen, Dawn Velligan, Phillip D. Harvey, Larry Alphs, Michael Davidson, William Potter, Alan Kott, Nina Schooler, Christopher R. Brodie, Raeanne C. Moore, Pierre Lindenmeyer, Stephen R. Marder Jan 2023

Remote Assessment Of Negative Symptoms Of Schizophrenia, David G. Daniel, Alex S. Cohen, Dawn Velligan, Phillip D. Harvey, Larry Alphs, Michael Davidson, William Potter, Alan Kott, Nina Schooler, Christopher R. Brodie, Raeanne C. Moore, Pierre Lindenmeyer, Stephen R. Marder

Faculty Publications

In contrast to the validated scales for face-to-face assessment of negative symptoms, no widely accepted tools currently exist for remote monitoring of negative symptoms. Remote assessment of negative symptoms can be broadly divided into 3 categories: (1) remote administration of an existing negative-symptom scale by a clinician, in real time, using videoconference technology to communicate with the patient; (2) direct inference of negative symptoms through detection and analysis of the patient's voice, appearance, or activity by way of the patient's smartphone or other device; and (3) ecological momentary assessment, in which the patient self-reports their condition upon receipt of periodic …

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Naringenin And Β-Carotene Convert Human White Adipocytes To A Beige Phenotype And Elevate Hormone- Stimulated Lipolysis, Ann A. Coulter, Frank L. Greenway, Dachuan Zhang, Sujoy Ghosh, Cathryn R. Coulter, Sarah L. James, Yanlin He, Luke A. Cusimano, Candida J. Rebello Jan 2023

Naringenin And Β-Carotene Convert Human White Adipocytes To A Beige Phenotype And Elevate Hormone- Stimulated Lipolysis, Ann A. Coulter, Frank L. Greenway, Dachuan Zhang, Sujoy Ghosh, Cathryn R. Coulter, Sarah L. James, Yanlin He, Luke A. Cusimano, Candida J. Rebello

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Introduction: Naringenin, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) activator found in citrus fruits, upregulates markers of thermogenesis and insulin sensitivity in human adipose tissue. Our pharmacokinetics clinical trial demonstrated that naringenin is safe and bioavailable, and our case report showed that naringenin causes weight loss and improves insulin sensitivity. PPARs form heterodimers with retinoic-X-receptors (RXRs) at promoter elements of target genes. Retinoic acid is an RXR ligand metabolized from dietary carotenoids. The carotenoid β-carotene reduces adiposity and insulin resistance in clinical trials. Our goal was to examine if carotenoids strengthen the beneficial effects of naringenin on human adipocyte metabolism. Methods: Human …

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Betacoronaviruses Sars-Cov-2 And Hcov-Oc43 Infections In Igrov-1 Cell Line Require Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor, Meisam Yousefi, Wai Suet Lee, Wharton O.Y. Chan, Wei He, Marcus G. Mah, Cythia Lingli Yong, Joshua M. Deerain, Lijin Wang, Camille Arcinas, Biaoguo Yan, Dewei Tan, Wan Rong Sia, Akshamal M. Gamage, Jinxuan Yang, Alan Chen Yu Hsu, Shang Li, Martin Linster, Xinglou Yang, Sujoy Ghosh, Danielle E. Anderson, Gavin J.D. Smith, Chee Wah Tan, Lin Fa Wang, Yaw Shin Ooi Jan 2023

Betacoronaviruses Sars-Cov-2 And Hcov-Oc43 Infections In Igrov-1 Cell Line Require Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor, Meisam Yousefi, Wai Suet Lee, Wharton O.Y. Chan, Wei He, Marcus G. Mah, Cythia Lingli Yong, Joshua M. Deerain, Lijin Wang, Camille Arcinas, Biaoguo Yan, Dewei Tan, Wan Rong Sia, Akshamal M. Gamage, Jinxuan Yang, Alan Chen Yu Hsu, Shang Li, Martin Linster, Xinglou Yang, Sujoy Ghosh, Danielle E. Anderson, Gavin J.D. Smith, Chee Wah Tan, Lin Fa Wang, Yaw Shin Ooi

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

The emergence of novel betacoronaviruses has posed significant financial and human health burdens, necessitating the development of appropriate tools to combat future outbreaks. In this study, we have characterized a human cell line, IGROV-1, as a robust tool to detect, propagate, and titrate betacoronaviruses SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-OC43. IGROV-1 cells can be used for serological assays, antiviral drug testing, and isolating SARS-CoV-2 variants from patient samples. Using time-course transcriptomics, we confirmed that IGROV-1 cells exhibit a robust innate immune response upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, recapitulating the response previously observed in primary human nasal epithelial cells. We performed genome-wide CRISPR knockout genetic screens …

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Corrigendum To “The Rna Binding Protein Hur Influences Skeletal Muscle Metabolic Flexibility In Rodents And Humans” [Metab. 97 (2019) 40–49, (S0026049519300988), (10.1016/J.Metabol.2019.05.010)], Randall L. Mynatt, Robert C. Noland, Carrie M. Elks, Bolormaa Vandanmagsar, David S. Bayless, Allison C. Stone, Sujoy Ghosh, Eric Ravussin, Jaycob D. Warfel Jan 2023

Corrigendum To “The Rna Binding Protein Hur Influences Skeletal Muscle Metabolic Flexibility In Rodents And Humans” [Metab. 97 (2019) 40–49, (S0026049519300988), (10.1016/J.Metabol.2019.05.010)], Randall L. Mynatt, Robert C. Noland, Carrie M. Elks, Bolormaa Vandanmagsar, David S. Bayless, Allison C. Stone, Sujoy Ghosh, Eric Ravussin, Jaycob D. Warfel

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

The authors regret the originally published manuscript contained an error in Table 1. Specifically, the Glucose Disposal Rates (GDR) were not within the correct columns. The corrected Table 1 is included below. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.

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Effects Of Episodic Food Insecurity On Psychological And Physiological Responses In African American Women With Obesity (Responses): Protocol For A Longitudinal Observational Cohort Study, Candice A. Myers, Robbie A. Beyl, Daniel S. Hsia, Melissa N. Harris, Isabella J. Reed, Danielle D. Eliser, Lauren Bagneris, John W. Apolzan Jan 2023

Effects Of Episodic Food Insecurity On Psychological And Physiological Responses In African American Women With Obesity (Responses): Protocol For A Longitudinal Observational Cohort Study, Candice A. Myers, Robbie A. Beyl, Daniel S. Hsia, Melissa N. Harris, Isabella J. Reed, Danielle D. Eliser, Lauren Bagneris, John W. Apolzan

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Background: Food insecurity is a risk factor for multiple chronic diseases, including obesity. Importantly, both food insecurity and obesity are more prevalent in African American women than in other groups. Furthermore, food insecurity is considered a cyclic phenomenon, with episodes of food adequacy (ie, enough food to eat) and food shortage (ie, not enough food to eat). More research is needed to better understand why food insecurity is linked to obesity, including acknowledging the episodic nature of food insecurity as a stressor and identifying underlying mechanisms. Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the episodic nature of food …

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Adipose Tissue Expansion In Obesity, Health, And Disease, Ursula White Jan 2023

Adipose Tissue Expansion In Obesity, Health, And Disease, Ursula White

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

White adipose tissue (WAT) expands under physiological conditions via an increase in adipocyte size (hypertrophy) and/or number (hyperplasia; adipogenesis), and the ability of WAT to expand to accommodate energy demands is a significant determinant of metabolic health status. Obesity is associated with impaired WAT expansion and remodeling, which results in the deposition of lipids to other non-adipose organs, leading to metabolic derangements. Although increased hyperplasia has been implicated as a cornerstone in promoting healthy WAT expansion, recent developments suggest that the role of adipogenesis as a contributing factor in the transition from impaired subcutaneous WAT expansion to impaired metabolic health …

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Horizon Scanning For Potentially Invasive Non-Native Marine Species To Inform Trans-Boundary Conservation Management – Example Of The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Kathryn A. O’Shaughnessy, Lorenzo Vilizzi, Wesley Daniel, Monica E. Mcgarrity, Hanna Bauer, Leslie Hartman, Stephen Geiger, Paul Sammarco, Steve Kolian, Scott Porter, Jessica Dutton, Matthew R. Mcclure, Michael Norberg, Alex Fogg, Timothy J. Lyons, Justin Procopio, Lauren Bantista, Wayne Bennett, Mary Wicksten, David Reeves, Julie Lively, Elizabeth Robinson, Jorge Brenner, Joseph Goy, Ashley Morgan-Olvera, Anna L.E. Yunnie, Gordon H. Copp Jan 2023

Horizon Scanning For Potentially Invasive Non-Native Marine Species To Inform Trans-Boundary Conservation Management – Example Of The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Kathryn A. O’Shaughnessy, Lorenzo Vilizzi, Wesley Daniel, Monica E. Mcgarrity, Hanna Bauer, Leslie Hartman, Stephen Geiger, Paul Sammarco, Steve Kolian, Scott Porter, Jessica Dutton, Matthew R. Mcclure, Michael Norberg, Alex Fogg, Timothy J. Lyons, Justin Procopio, Lauren Bantista, Wayne Bennett, Mary Wicksten, David Reeves, Julie Lively, Elizabeth Robinson, Jorge Brenner, Joseph Goy, Ashley Morgan-Olvera, Anna L.E. Yunnie, Gordon H. Copp

Faculty Publications

Prevention of non-native species introductions and establishment is essential to avoid adverse impacts of invasive species in marine environments. To identify potential new invasive species and inform non-native species management options for the northern Gulf of Mexico (Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas), 138 marine species were risk screened for current and future climate conditions using the Aquatic Species Invasiveness Screening Kit. Species were risk-ranked as low, medium, high, and very high risk based on separate (calibrated) thresholds for fishes, tunicates, and inverte-brates. In the basic screening, 15 fishes, two tunicates, and 26 invertebrates were classified as high or very high risk …

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Mapping High Marsh And Salt Pannes/Flats Along The Northern Gulf Of Mexico Coast, Nicholas M. Enwright, Wyatt C. Cheney, Kristine O. Evans, Hana R. Thurman, Mark S. Woodrey, Auriel M.V. Fournier, Jena A. Moon, Heather E. Levy, James A. Cox, Peter J. Kappes, John A. Nyman, Jonathan L. Pitchford Jan 2023

Mapping High Marsh And Salt Pannes/Flats Along The Northern Gulf Of Mexico Coast, Nicholas M. Enwright, Wyatt C. Cheney, Kristine O. Evans, Hana R. Thurman, Mark S. Woodrey, Auriel M.V. Fournier, Jena A. Moon, Heather E. Levy, James A. Cox, Peter J. Kappes, John A. Nyman, Jonathan L. Pitchford

Faculty Publications

Coastal wetlands are predicted to undergo extensive transformation due to climate and land use change. Baseline maps of coastal wetlands can be used to help assess changes. Found in the upper portion of the estuarine zone, high marsh and salt pannes/flats provide ecosystem goods and services and are particularly important to fish and wildlife. We developed the first map of high marsh and salt pannes/flats along the northern Gulf of Mexico using regional models that included spectral indices related to greenness and wetness from optical satellite imagery, elevation data, irregularly flooded wetland probability information, and synthetic aperture radar backscatter. We …

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Association Between Sleep, Sedentary Time, Physical Activity, And Adiposity In Adolescents: A Prospective Observational Study, Chelsea L. Kracht, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Catherine M. Champagne, Stephanie T. Broyles, Daniel S. Hsia, Robert L. Newton, Amanda E. Staiano Jan 2023

Association Between Sleep, Sedentary Time, Physical Activity, And Adiposity In Adolescents: A Prospective Observational Study, Chelsea L. Kracht, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Catherine M. Champagne, Stephanie T. Broyles, Daniel S. Hsia, Robert L. Newton, Amanda E. Staiano

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Purpose This study aimed to examine the effects of substituting sedentary time with sleep or physical activity on adiposity in a longitudinal sample of adolescents. Methods Adolescents (10-16 yr) were recruited for a prospective observational cohort. Parents and adolescents reported demographic characteristics and pubertal development. Accelerometry was used to measure sleep, physical activity, and sedentary time. Adiposity was quantified with imaging techniques. Isotemporal substitution modeling was conducted to examine the effect of substituting 10 min of sedentary time with sleep or differing intensities of physical activity. Results were stratified by sex and race and adjusted for covariates. Results A total …

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Obesity: A Disease Of Overnutrition, George A. Bray, Catherine M. Champagne Jan 2023

Obesity: A Disease Of Overnutrition, George A. Bray, Catherine M. Champagne

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Obesity is a serious worldwide problem that is increasing in prevalence. Obesity results from increased energy intake from food exceeding what is needed for daily energy expenditure over a considerable period of time. Obesity predicts the risk for many diseases, including diabetes, liver and gall bladder disease, infectious diseases such as SARSCov-19, and heart disease, among others. Treatments for obesity include diet, exercise, behavioral therapy, medications, and surgery.

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Core Issues, Case Studies, And The Need For Expanded Legacy African American Genomics, Fatimah Jackson, Carter Clinton, Jennifer Caldwell Jan 2023

Core Issues, Case Studies, And The Need For Expanded Legacy African American Genomics, Fatimah Jackson, Carter Clinton, Jennifer Caldwell

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Introduction: Genomic studies of Legacy African Americans have a tangled and convoluted history in western science. In this review paper, core issues affecting African American genomic studies are addressed and two case studies, the New York African Burial Ground and the Gullah Geechee peoples, are presented to highlight the current status of genomic research among Africa Americans. Methods: To investigate our target population’s core issues, a metadatabase derived from 22 publicly accessible databases were reviewed, evaluated, and synthesized to identify the core bioethical issues prevalent during the centuries of the African American presence in North America. The sequence of metadatabase …

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Rbp4-Gal4, A Germline Driver That Activates In Meiosis, Reveals Functions For Vcp In Spermatid Development, Tyler J. Butsch, Alyssa E. Johnson, K. Adam Bohnert Jan 2023

Rbp4-Gal4, A Germline Driver That Activates In Meiosis, Reveals Functions For Vcp In Spermatid Development, Tyler J. Butsch, Alyssa E. Johnson, K. Adam Bohnert

Faculty Publications

Valosin-containing protein (VCP) is a versatile and ubiquitously expressed AAA+ ATPase that regulates multiple stages of Drosophila spermatogenesis. While VCP has documented roles in mitotic spermatogonia and meiotic spermatocytes, it is also highly expressed in post-meiotic spermatids, suggesting potential late-stage developmental functions as well. However, tools to assess late-stage activities of pleiotropic spermatogenesis genes such as VCP are lacking. Available germline-specific Gal4 drivers activate in stem cells or spermatogonia; consequently, knocking down VCP using one of these drivers disrupts or blocks early germ-cell development, precluding analysis of VCP in later stages. A Gal4 driver that activates later in development, such …

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Identification Of Oral Therapeutics Using An Ai Platform Against The Virus Responsible For Covid-19, Sars-Cov-2, Adam Bess, Frej Berglind, Supratik Mukhopadhyay, Michal Brylinski, Chris Alvin, Fanan Fattah, Kishor M. Wasan Jan 2023

Identification Of Oral Therapeutics Using An Ai Platform Against The Virus Responsible For Covid-19, Sars-Cov-2, Adam Bess, Frej Berglind, Supratik Mukhopadhyay, Michal Brylinski, Chris Alvin, Fanan Fattah, Kishor M. Wasan

Faculty Publications

Purpose: This study introduces a sophisticated computational pipeline, eVir, designed for the discovery of antiviral drugs based on their interactions within the human protein network. There is a pressing need for cost-effective therapeutics for infectious diseases (e.g., COVID-19), particularly in resource-limited countries. Therefore, our team devised an Artificial Intelligence (AI) system to explore repurposing opportunities for currently used oral therapies. The eVir system operates by identifying pharmaceutical compounds that mirror the effects of antiviral peptides (AVPs)—fragments of human proteins known to interfere with fundamental phases of the viral life cycle: entry, fusion, and replication. eVir extrapolates the probable antiviral efficacy …

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Understanding Barriers And Facilitators To Physical Activity Engagement To Inform A Precision Prescription Approach During Pregnancy, Joshua R. Sparks, Emily W. Flanagan, Maryam Kebbe, Leanne M. Redman Jan 2023

Understanding Barriers And Facilitators To Physical Activity Engagement To Inform A Precision Prescription Approach During Pregnancy, Joshua R. Sparks, Emily W. Flanagan, Maryam Kebbe, Leanne M. Redman

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Physical activity during pregnancy is an important health behavior. However, many pregnant individuals are provided with little-to-no guidance to adequately engage in physical activity. The purpose of this quantitative and quasi-qualitative study of currently or previously pregnant women was to examine physical activity behaviors in pregnancy and understand barriers and facilitators to achieving physical activity recommendations. Overall, 431 women (18+ years), White/Caucasian (84.5%), married (84.9%), and currently pregnant (66.6%), completed an online survey study. Most women (69.4%) reported engaging in cardio-based physical activity and willing to engage in physical activity to meet guidelines between 2 and 5 days per week …

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Editorial: Neonatal Host Immune Responses To Pulmonary Infections, Kerry M. Empey, Elizabeth D. Fixman, Stephania Cormier, Jay K. Kolls, Giovanni Piedimonte Jan 2023

Editorial: Neonatal Host Immune Responses To Pulmonary Infections, Kerry M. Empey, Elizabeth D. Fixman, Stephania Cormier, Jay K. Kolls, Giovanni Piedimonte

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Race And Sex Differences In The Association Between Lifespan Glycemic Status And Midlife Cognitive Function: The Bogalusa Heart Study, Kathryn L. Gwizdala, Lydia A. Bazzano, Robert L. Newton, Owen T. Carmichael Jan 2023

Race And Sex Differences In The Association Between Lifespan Glycemic Status And Midlife Cognitive Function: The Bogalusa Heart Study, Kathryn L. Gwizdala, Lydia A. Bazzano, Robert L. Newton, Owen T. Carmichael

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Introduction: Glycemic markers throughout life are associated with increased risk of midlife cognitive decline, yet it is unclear whether these associations differ by race and sex. Methods: This study used cross-sectional analysis of prospectively maintained cohort. 1,295 participants in the Bogalusa Heart Study, a biracial epidemiological cohort located in a micropolitan area core setting, provided fasting plasma insulin (FPI) and glucose (FPG) biannually from 1973 to 2016. Memory, executive function (EF), attention, working memory (WM), and global cognition (GC), collected 2013–2016. Glycemic markers (i.e., FPG, FPI, and HOMA-IR) averaged within lifespan epochs (≤ 20 years, childhood/adolescence (C/A); 21–40 years, early …

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Multi-Shell Dmri Estimation From Single-Shell Data Via Deep Learning, Reagan Dugan, Owen Carmichael Jan 2023

Multi-Shell Dmri Estimation From Single-Shell Data Via Deep Learning, Reagan Dugan, Owen Carmichael

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) data acquired with multiple diffusion gradient directions and multiple b-values (“multi-shell” data) enables compartmental modeling of brain tissues as well as enhanced estimation of white matter fiber orientations via the orientation distribution function (ODF). However, multi-shell dMRI acquisitions are time consuming, expensive and difficult in certain clinical populations. We present a method to estimate high b-value volumes from low b-value volumes via deep learning. A 3-dimensional U-NET architecture is trained from multi-shell dMRI training data to synthesize a high b-value volume from a diffusion gradient direction, given a low b-value volume from that same gradient …

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Midlife Neuropsychological Profiles And Associated Vascular Risk: The Bogalusa Heart Study, Ileana De Anda-Duran, Vijaya B. Kolachalama, Owen T. Carmichael, Phillip H. Hwang, Camilo Fernandez, Rhoda Au, Lydia A. Bazzano, David J. Libon Jan 2023

Midlife Neuropsychological Profiles And Associated Vascular Risk: The Bogalusa Heart Study, Ileana De Anda-Duran, Vijaya B. Kolachalama, Owen T. Carmichael, Phillip H. Hwang, Camilo Fernandez, Rhoda Au, Lydia A. Bazzano, David J. Libon

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Background: Individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) often present with coexisting vascular pathology that is expressed to different degrees and can lead to clinical heterogeneity. Objective: To examine the utility of unsupervised statistical clustering approaches in identifying neuropsychological (NP) test performance subtypes that closely correlate with carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in midlife. Methods: A hierarchical agglomerative and k-means clustering analysis based on NP scores (standardized for age, sex, and race) was conducted among 1,203 participants (age 48±5.3 years) from the Bogalusa Heart Study. Regression models assessed the association between cIMT ≥50th percentile and NP profiles, and global cognitive score (GCS) tertiles …

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A Data-Driven Examination Of Apathy And Depressive Symptoms In Dementia With Independent Replication, Miguel Vasconcelos Da Silva, Gerardo Javier Melendez-Torres, Zahinoor Ismail, Ingelin Testad, Clive Ballard, Byron Creese, Michael Weiner, Paul Aisen, Ronald Petersen, Clifford R. Jack, William Jagust, John Q. Trojanowki, Arthur W. Toga, Laurel Beckett, Robert C. Green, Andrew J. Saykin, John Morris, Leslie M. Shaw, Enchi Liu, Tom Montine, Ronald G. Thomas, Michael Donohue, Michael Donohue, Sarah Walter, Devon Gessert, Tamie Sather, Gus Jiminez, Danielle Harvey, Matthew Bernstein, Nick Fox, Paul Thompson, Norbert Schuff, Charles Decarli, Bret Borowski Jan 2023

A Data-Driven Examination Of Apathy And Depressive Symptoms In Dementia With Independent Replication, Miguel Vasconcelos Da Silva, Gerardo Javier Melendez-Torres, Zahinoor Ismail, Ingelin Testad, Clive Ballard, Byron Creese, Michael Weiner, Paul Aisen, Ronald Petersen, Clifford R. Jack, William Jagust, John Q. Trojanowki, Arthur W. Toga, Laurel Beckett, Robert C. Green, Andrew J. Saykin, John Morris, Leslie M. Shaw, Enchi Liu, Tom Montine, Ronald G. Thomas, Michael Donohue, Michael Donohue, Sarah Walter, Devon Gessert, Tamie Sather, Gus Jiminez, Danielle Harvey, Matthew Bernstein, Nick Fox, Paul Thompson, Norbert Schuff, Charles Decarli, Bret Borowski

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Apathy is one of the most common neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Research that helps define the apathy phenotype is urgently needed, particularly for clinical and biomarker studies. We used latent class analysis (LCA) with two independent cohorts to understand how apathy and depression symptoms co-occur statistically. We further explored the relationship between latent class membership, demographics, and the presence of other NPS. The LCA identified a four-class solution (no symptoms, apathy, depression, and combined apathy/depression), reproducible over both cohorts, providing robust support for an apathy syndrome distinct from depression and confirming that an apathy/depression …

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Wooing “Willing Dupes”: The Bush Administration’S Use Of Emotional Language In The Drive Toward War With Iraq, Michael F. Russo Jan 2023

Wooing “Willing Dupes”: The Bush Administration’S Use Of Emotional Language In The Drive Toward War With Iraq, Michael F. Russo

Faculty Publications

The publicly available texts of the George W. Bush administration from September 11, 2001, to March 19, 2003, as presented in The Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States, were analyzed for word frequency and the words themselves analyzed for emotional weight using the NRC Emotion Intensity Lexicon. Transcripts of six television news agencies (ABC, CBS, NBC, CNN, FOX, and PBS) were also analyzed for word frequency to determine the extent to which these agencies may have repeated and consequently amplified the rhetoric of the administration. Public opinion polling for this same period was examined in an …

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Transcriptome Analysis Of Two Near-Isogenic Lines Of Bell Pepper (Capsicum Annuum) Infected With Bell Pepper Endornavirus And Pepper Mild Mottle Virus, Cesar Escalante, Noa Sela, Rodrigo A. Valverde Jan 2023

Transcriptome Analysis Of Two Near-Isogenic Lines Of Bell Pepper (Capsicum Annuum) Infected With Bell Pepper Endornavirus And Pepper Mild Mottle Virus, Cesar Escalante, Noa Sela, Rodrigo A. Valverde

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Black:White Health Inequalities, Genes Versus Environment—A New Chapter?, Richard Cooper Jan 2023

Black:White Health Inequalities, Genes Versus Environment—A New Chapter?, Richard Cooper

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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