Digital Commons Network^™

Study Of Obesity In University Students, Causes And Its Physical And Biological Effects, Mohammed Mezher Hussein

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

In both developing and wealthy countries overweight and obesity have become major public health problem. There is a link between higher levels of physical activity and a decreased rate of obesity. The goal of this study was to compare BMI to physical activity in a sample of Baghdad universities students in order to determine anthropometry as a predictor for changes in weight and body composition-related metabolic risk factors. This study was performed among (120) students of Baghdad universities, data were collected by direct interview including self – efficacy in dieting and physical activity. Blood pressure was measured. BMI was calculated, …

The Impact Of Sleep Deprivation In Nurses On Psychomotor Skills, Memory, And Medical Errors, Luke Asprec

Nursing | Senior Theses

Nurses are often subjected to working long shift hours, doing overtime, or being on the night-shift. These factors often predispose nurses to inadequate sleep, which impacts memory, cognition, and mental health. This is significant because nurses depend on their psychomotor skills and clinical judgment to deliver effective nursing care. Each decision made is vital to the safety of the patient. Previous research studies have shown the negative effects of sleep deprivation on impaired concentration, judgment, and long-term health such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. While there is significant data in the general population, the specific effects of sleep deprivation in …

President's Report (3-2-2023), California State University, San Bernardino

President’s Office records

No abstract provided.

Ut Permian Basin Graduate Catalog 2023-2024, The University Of Texas Permian Basin

Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

The University Of Texas Of The Permian Basin Undergraduate Catalog 2023-2024, The University Of Texas Permian Basin

Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

The Case Of The Missing Device Patents, Or: Why Device Patents Matter, Erika Lietzan, Kristina M.L. Acri, Evan Weidner

Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal

A company that earns premarket approval of its medical device is entitled to an extension of one patent claiming the device, to make up for some of the time it spent doing premarket research. Yet, surprisingly, a mere thirteen percent of those eligible for this extension (also known as patent term “restoration”) ask for one. In contrast, most drug companies entitled to this same patent extension ask for one. In this Article, we attribute the imbalance largely to differences between the two regulatory frameworks. In brief, because the FDA classifies and regulates devices based on what they do and how …

Multi-Scale Adaptive Management Of Social-Ecological Systems, A. Garmestani, Craig R. Allen, D. G. Angeler, L. Gunderson, J. B. Ruhl

School of Natural Resources: Documents and Reviews

No abstract provided.

Local-Scale Impacts Of Water Hyacinth On Water Quality In A Hypereutrophic Lake, J. R. Corman, A. Z. Roegner, Z. Ogari, T. R. Miller, C. M. Aura

School of Natural Resources: Documents and Reviews

No abstract provided.

Spatiotemporal Analysis Of Extreme Precipitation In The Southern Great Plains Hydroclimate Region, P. Flanagan, R. Mahmood

School of Natural Resources: Documents and Reviews

No abstract provided.

Breeding Origins Of A Uniquely Regular Migrant Songbird In The Galápagos Islands, Noah Perlut, Logan M. Maxwell, Adrienne Kovach, Patricia Parker, Rosalind B. Renfrew

Biology Department Faculty Works

Little is known about the causes and consequences of alternative pathways flown by long-distance migratory birds. Bobolinks (Dolichonyx oryzivorus) breed in grasslands across northern North America and migrate from their breeding grounds toward the eastern Atlantic Coast and then proceed through the Caribbean to South America. However, a small but regular number of Bobolinks have been recorded on the Galapagos Islands. We collected genetic samples from nine Galapagos Bobolinks and performed double-digest restriction site-associated sequencing. We compared them with samples from seven locations across their breeding distribution to determine their population of origin. Galapagos Bobolinks shared the genetic structure of …

Gut Microbiome Composition Associated With Plasmodium Infection In The Eurasian Tree Sparrow, Sage D. Rohrer, Briana Q. Robertson, Lon M. Chubiz, Patricia G. Parker

Biology Department Faculty Works

Recent expansion of microbiome research has uncovered connections between resident microbial communities and blood parasite risk, establishing the potential for microbial disease treatments such as probiotics in the future. However, this field has largely focused on humans and model organisms, leaving much unknown about how microbial communities might directly or indirectly impact parasite infection in wild populations and non-mammals. To contribute to this knowledge base in wild birds, we collected fecal and blood samples from wild Eurasian tree sparrows (Passer montanus) in the United States to test for associations between blood parasite infection and the gut microbiome. We used a …

Red Fox (Vulpes Vulpes) Distribution In Relation To Two Prey Species: Eastern Fox Squirrel (Sciurus Niger) And Eastern Gray Squirrel (Sciurus Carolinensis), Renee Trout

Posters

Following its introduction for hunting purposes to the United States in the 1800s, the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) has expanded its range throughout North America. The expansion of agriculture and associated increases in rodent prey since the fox’s initial introduction has allowed this species to proliferate. Eastern fox squirrels (Sciurus niger) and eastern gray squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis) are two common prey species of the red fox that occupy similar habitats. Our research objective was to determine if the distribution of red fox was the result of the presence of either squirrel species by using data collected via a nationwide camera …

Interspecific Competition And The Geographic Relationship Of The Red Fox (Vulpes Vulpes), Gray Fox (Urocyon Cinereoargenteus), And Kit Fox (Vulpes Macrotis), Leann Trout

Posters

The distribution of a species across a landscape is the result of a multitude of factors, ranging from resource availability, climate, to competition from similar species that share habitat needs. While closely related, the influence of interspecific competition on the geographic distribution of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus), and kit fox (Vulpes macrotis) is not well documented. Our research objective was to examine how the geographic distribution of the red fox, gray fox, and kit fox overlap and the climate features driving these relationships. For data on fox distribution, we utilized camera trap data collected in …

Hydroxyurea Globally Inhibits Rna Synthesis, Destabilizes Mrnas, And Triggers Mec1-Opposed Rnapii Accumulation At 3’ Ends Of Genes, Pritpal Kaur

Theses and Dissertations

My dissertation includes two projects. The first project is focused on the regulation of glycolysis and oxidative metabolism by inducing heme synthesis in cancer cells. The second project deals with the effect of hydroxyurea on RNA synthesis. Heme is an essential cofactor for enzymes of the electron transport chain (ETC) and ATP synthesis in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Heme also binds to and destabilizes Bach1, a transcription regulator that controls expression of several groups of genes important for glycolysis, ETC, and metastasis of cancer cells. Since many cancers are characterized by a high glycolytic rate regardless of oxygen availability, targeting …

Gating And Pathogenic Mechanism Of Polycystin Ion Channels, Yan Wang

Theses and Dissertations

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), one of the most common and life-threatening human genetic diseases, is caused by mutations in PKD1 or PKD2 genes. PKD1 gene encodes PKD1 (also known as polycystin-1 or PC1) protein, which are the founding members of the PKD1 proteins family; while PKD2 encodes TRPP2 (also known as polycystin-2 or PC2) protein, the founding member of the TRPP subfamily. PKD1 family consists of PKD1, PKD1L1, PKD1L2, PKD1L3, and PKDREJ. Whereas the TRPP subfamily includes: TRPP2, TRPP3, and TRPP5. Proteins in PKD1 and TRPP families are collectively called polycystins. TRPP proteins can either form homotetrameric ion …

Mancozeb Exposure Results In Oxidative Stress And Disruption Of Mitochondrial Complexes Iii & Iv In Transformed Human Colon Cells, Amanda Dhaneshwar

Theses and Dissertations

The ethylene bisdithiocarbamate pesticides, a subclass of the dithiocarbamate pesticides, are broad spectrum organometallic fungicides used on a variety of crops. The fungicide Mancozeb is comprised of an ethylene bisdithiocarbamate backbone complexed to the metals manganese and zinc. Ingestion of food containing pesticide residue and occupational exposure are common routes of Mancozeb exposure. Previous work demonstrated that Mancozeb exposure to HT-29 colon cancer cells resulted in cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and disruption of mitochondrial complex I, II, and V activity. The current study investigated the effect of Mancozeb exposure on mitochondrial complex III and IV activity and oxidative stress parameters in the …

Measurement Of Desmosine By Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry And Its Application To Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Michael Fagiola

Theses and Dissertations

The mechanical properties of lung elastic fibers are derived from the specialized features of their core elastin protein, which contains distensible, coiled peptides that store the energy needed to expel air from the lungs. Elastin crosslinks provide structural support for the fibers and play an important role in determining the morphologic features of the lung. Degradation of elastic fibers in lung disease is associated with the release of desmosine, a unique amino acid that can be readily identified and quantified in body fluids and solid tissue using LC–MS-MS. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of desmosine …

Becoming American(?): An Auto-Ethnographic Inquiry Of An Ecuadorian(-American) Family’S Identity Formation In The Face Of Long Island Whiteness, Tabitha Andrea Benitez

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation examines the methods, reasons, and strategies of identity formation within an Ecuadorian(-American) family living on Long Island, New York. This autoethnographic research combines family interviews and the author’s own experiences to investigate identity on three prongs: Latinidad, Spanish and English language usage, and honoring and creating homes. Latinidad is both a panethnic term that is assigned to Latinos living within the United States, but is also an identity that is individually practiced by those who identify as Latinos. I investigate the link between Spanish, English, and identity formation to dislodge the supposed link between language and Latinidad. By …

Insight Into Eleutherodactylus Coqui Resilience And Anuran Hypoxia Tolerance Utilizing Pincho, Randy Ortiz

Theses and Dissertations

The onset of high-throughput RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) technology allowed research into transcriptomics to accelerate exponentially aided by the rapid advancement of bioinformatic pipelines. The Pincho workflow, my first research endeavor, is a transcriptomic workflow developed to create an avenue of high-quality reconstructions from RNA-seq data. High-quality reconstruction standards entail longer transcripts, more complete transcripts, and more raw data utilization. We have discovered an ideal trio of assemblers between transABySS, rnaSPAdes and TransLiG that would best reconstruct next-generation sequencing data according to these standards. We utilized Pincho to drive two distinct experiments: (1) exploring the genetic basis for the successful invasion of …

Counterstories Of Sife Experiences: A Critical Analysis Of Students With Interrupted Or Inconsistent Formal Education, Erica Flores

Theses and Dissertations

Students with Interrupted or Inconsistent Formal Education (SIFE) are positioned in our society in such a way that many SIFE cannot advocate for themselves (Advocates for Children of New York, 2010; Linville, 2016), and they must rely on educators to speak on their behalf and address the inequities they face (Advocates for Children of New York, 2010; Linville, 2016; Olivares-Orellana, 2020). Teachers are working to navigate these challenges; however, local and state programs and policies have had a negative impact on the academic success of SIFE in the traditional high school setting (Hos, 2020; Olivares-Orellana, 2020). This study uses Critical …

Interferon Gamma Signaling In Ovarian Cancer Cells, Bijaya Gaire

Theses and Dissertations

Interferon gamma (IFNγ) is a pleiotropic cytokine that can have, depending on the cellular and molecular context, both anti-tumor and pro-tumorigenic functions. IFNγ expression can be induced in cancer cells in response to radiation therapy or immune checkpoint blockade used in cancer treatment. We have previously shown that IFNγ induces expression of the Bcl3 proto-oncogene in ovarian cancer (OC) cells, resulting in their increased proliferation and migration, but the mechanisms are unknown. Here, I demonstrate that the IFNγ-induced Bcl3 expression is dependent on JAK1 and STAT1 signaling, and on p65 NFkB. Furthermore, my data show that the IFNγ-induced Bcl3 expression …

Cytotoxicity Of Copper (Ii) Octanoate On Mouse Hippocampal Astrocytes, Ali A. Shohatee

Theses and Dissertations

Copper, as an essential trace element, is crucial for various biological processes but has also been utilized as a constituent of various pesticides for decades. Copper (II) octanoate is a pesticide utilized as a fungicide and is approved for use in the production of certified organic foods. Previous studies have implicated copper as an inducer of oxidative stress and activator of the Nrf2-ARE pathway. Nrf2 is essential in regulating the transcription of various genes to alleviate toxicity such as those involved in glutathione synthesis and detoxification. Due to the limited toxicological data, this study into the potential induction of oxidative …

Graduate Catalog Of Studies, 2022-2023, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville

Graduate School Catalog of Studies

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Child Maltreatment On Personality From Adolescence To Young Adulthood, Morgan T. Cohen

Theses and Dissertations

Historically, a defining feature of personality characteristics has been their stability and consistency across time. However, research over the past decade has established patterns of personality change across the lifespan, with the most mean-level trait change occurring between 20 to 40 years old (Roberts & Mroczek, 2009), making young adulthood a fruitful developmental period to study personality change. There are several factors that can influence personality trait change and some literature has suggested that major life events such as childhood adversity can impact the stability and change of personality traits across time. The present study uses two waves of data …

Comparing Insect Biodiversity Between Curb-Cut Rain Gardens And Residential Lawns, Dave Warners, Naomi Dykstra, Julia Klooster

Summer Research

Global insect biodiversity is at a major decline. The drop in population can largely be attributed to a loss of natural habitat through conversion into urban and agricultural land. Insects are important parts of food webs and many play an important role in pollination, control of weeds, control of agricultural pests, and the decomposition of wood and leaves.

Role Of Integrins In Hiv Infection Of Resting Cd4+ T Cells Stimulated By Intestinal Endothelial Cells, Anding Shen, Sarah Logan, Tim Kim, Zihan Zhang

Summer Research

Eradicating HIV remains a formidable challenge due to the persistence of latent reservoirs within resting CD4+ T cells. Intestinal endothelial cells (IECs) have been shown to promote HIV infection and latent reservoir formation in resting CD4+ T cells. Our research investigates the role of integrins and their ligands, specifically ICAM, VCAM, and MAdCAM, in resting T cells and their impact on productive and latent HIV infection. Findings reveal that VCAM stimulation was the most effective in promoting productive HIV infection. MAdCAM and ICAM had minimal effect. Cytokine IL-6 consistently displayed synergy with all CAMs, amplifying effects on productive HIV infection. …

Mechanisms Of Stimulation By Intestinal Endothelial Cells During Hiv Infection Of Activated Cd4+ T Cells, Anding Shen, Timothy Kim, Sarah Logan, Zihan Zhang

Summer Research

Under antiretroviral therapy, the viral persistence of HIV is enabled by latent viral reservoirs, particularly in resting CD4+ T cells. Recent studies reveal interactions between endothelial cells and T cells allowing for latent infection of resting and activated CD4+ T cells. We focused our investigation on the stimulation of activated T cells by intestinal endothelial cells (IECs), due to the prominent gut pathology of HIV and predominance of an activated T cell phenotype in the gut. While prior research shows the involvement of soluble factors like IL-6 in stimulation of resting T cells, our results from transwell cultures suggest the …

Trichloroethylene (Tce) Metabolite S-(1,2-Dichlorovinyl)-L-Cysteine (Dcvc) Inhibits Lps-Stimulated Cxcl-2 Production In Thp-1 Cells, Karena Moleakunnel, Audrey Luce, Lyric Johnson, Erica Boldenow, Sean Harris

Summer Research

• TCE is a volatile industrial solvent commonly found in the environment is known to be a "human carcinogen". However, its effects on gestational tissues and inflammatory pathways remain unknown. 1
• TCE inhibits various cytokines like IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-a.
• CXCL2 is a cytokine involved in the recruitment of neutrophils which serve as a key immune defense against infection. 3
• In past research, mice with the reduction of CXCL-2 showed reduced survival rates.
• Goal:• Analyze CXCL-2 production in THP-1 cells treated with DCVC • Understand how DCVC affects the cytokine pathway

Curb Cut Rain Gardens In The Plaster Creek Watershed, Josiah Millen, Cherith Pickett, Brandon Price, Jude Veldboom, Dave Warners

Summer Research

The developed urban life of Grand Rapids, Michigan has flourished in what was once a pure, natural setting. Throughout time, the standardization of impermeable surfaces, the slow takeover of native plants by means of invasive ones, and general increase of pollution has continued onward. This has led to a decrease in the water quality of the Grand Rapids watershed and poses a health concern to the communities immersed in the Plaster Creek Watershed. Plaster Creek Stewards is working to restore the watershed and mitigate further damage focusing on the beneficial impacts of installing curb-cut rain gardens (CCRG).

Religious Memorable Messages About Adoption: Perspectives Of Adult Adoptees, Chloe Vallance, Ana Li Warners, Dr. Emily Helder

Summer Research

• Messages sent and received between two people can be heavily influential on a person’s life.
• Memorable messages are long-lasting “sticky” messages, which influence the receiver’s behavior and identity development (Cooke-Jackson & Rubinsky, 2022).
• Adopted children may experience messaging surrounding their adoption (Thomas & Scharp, 2020).
• Religious motivations to adopt and religious meaning-making can influence the messages that adoptive parents communicate to their adoptive children (Firmin et al., 2017a; Firmin et al., 2017b).