Digital Commons Network^™

Affirmative Action Initiatives In Education And Employment: Its Necessity Then, Now And In The Future, Bahaudin G. Mujtaba

HCBE Faculty Articles

Since its creation, affirmative action (AA) has been one of the most debated political issues in the United States and other nations such as South Africa. AA programs are, at times, seen as a tool of compensation for past discrimination toward women and particularly racial minorities. Many experts view it as an economic necessity since diverse employees can better forecast the needs of different communities. Nonetheless, some believe that AA is an obsolete and outdated practice that can lead to illegal discrimination based on race and gender. As such, it is useful to look at the rationale or purpose of …

Famines, Poverty And Intergenerational Mobility In Developing Countries, Monishankar Sarkar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The famine has not ended yet. Though much has been done, famine is still visiting some parts of the globe, ravaging economies, taking lives, and compelling people to experience acute hunger, starvation, and associated diseases. Deadly famines have impacted parts of Asia and the Pacific at different times. China has experienced the most lethal famine in history in terms of severity and fatalities. Africa is still facing famine. There are many countries worldwide, across continents, whose population is still facing hunger and starvation on an alarming scale. Thus, famine is still relevant today.

The effects of famine have been the …

Differences In Startle And Prepulse Inhibition In Contactin-Associated Protein-Like 2 Knock-Out Rats Are Associated With Sex-Specific Alterations In Brainstem Neural Activity, Alice Zheng, Kaela E Scott, Ashley L Schormans, Rajkamalpreet Mann, Brian L Allman, Susanne Schmid

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

The contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CNTNAP2) gene encodes for the CASPR2 protein, which plays an essential role in neurodevelopment. Mutations in CNTNAP2 are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. Rats with a loss of function mutation in the Cntnap2 gene show increased acoustic startle response (ASR) and decreased prepulse inhibition (PPI). The neural basis of this altered auditory processing in Cntnap2 knock-out rats is currently unknown. Auditory brainstem recordings previously revealed no differences between the genotypes. The next step is to investigate brainstem structures outside of the primary auditory pathway that mediate ASR and PPI, which are …

Closed-Loop Recyclable Plastics From Poly(Ethyl Cyanoacrylate), Allison J. Christy, Scott T. Phillips

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Ethyl cyanoacrylate is a highly reactive monomer that has been used nearly exclusively to make Super Glue and related fast-setting adhesives. Here, we describe transformation of this highly abundant, readily available monomer into a closed-loop recyclable plastic that could supplant currently used (and often unrecycled/unrecyclable) plastics, such as poly(styrene). We report polymerization conditions, plastic-processing methods, and plastic-recycling protocols for poly(ethyl cyanoacrylate) plastics that make the Super Glue monomer a viable starting material for a next generation of closed-loop recyclable plastics. The processes described are scalable, and the plastics can be recycled in a closed-loop process with >90% yields, even when …

Effect Of Substituent Location On The Relationship Between The Transition Dipole Moments, Difference Static Dipole, And Hydrophobicity In Squaraine Dyes For Quantum Information Devices, Maia Ketteridge, Austin Biaggne, Ryan Rau, German Barcenas, Olga A. Mass, William B. Knowlton, Bernard Yurke, Lan Li

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Aggregates of organic dyes that exhibit excitonic coupling have a wide array of applications, including medical imaging, organic photovoltaics, and quantum information devices. The optical properties of a dye monomer, as a basis of dye aggregate, can be modified to strengthen excitonic coupling. Squaraine (SQ) dyes are attractive for those applications due to their strong absorbance peak in the visible range. While the effects of substituent types on the optical properties of SQ dyes have been previously examined, the effects of various substituent locations have not yet been investigated. In this study, density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional …

Design, Determination, And Evaluation Of Gender-Based Bias Mitigation Techniques For Music Recommender Systems, Sunny Shrestha

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The majority of smartphone users engage with a recommender system on a daily basis. Many rely on these recommendations to make their next purchase, download the next game, listen to the new music or find the next healthcare provider. Although there are plenty of evidence backed research that demonstrates presence of gender bias in Machine Learning (ML) models like recommender systems, the issue is viewed as a frivolous cause that doesn’t merit much action. However, gender bias poses to effect more than half of the population as by default ML systems are designed to cater to a cisgender man. This …

Opening Doors, Kathy Foss, Srg Partnership

Linfield Magazine

The new Linfield University Science Complex is paving the way for science education, students and the future

A Two-Night Polysomnography Preliminary Study In Pregnant Women With Insomnia: Suicidal Ideation And Nocturnal Cognitive Arousal Prospectively Predict Objective Nocturnal Wakefulness, David A. Kalmbach, Philip Cheng, Thomas Roth, Cynthia Fellman-Couture, Chaewon Sagong, Christopher L. Drake

Sleep Medicine Articles

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Sleep disruption is common in pregnancy, manifesting as insomnia in half of pregnant women as well as increasing objective nocturnal wakefulness across gestation. Despite potential overlap between insomnia and objective sleep disturbances in pregnancy, objective nocturnal wakefulness and its potential contributing factors remain uncharacterized in prenatal insomnia. The present study described objective sleep disturbances in pregnant women with insomnia and identified insomnia-related predictors of objective nocturnal wakefulness.

METHODS: Eighteen pregnant women with clinically significant insomnia symptoms (n = 12/18 with DSM-5 insomnia disorder) underwent two overnight polysomnography (PSG) studies. Insomnia symptoms (Insomnia Severity Index), depression and suicidal ideation …

Special Issue: 2023 Oxford Film Festival Guide: March 1, 2023, The Local Voice

The Local Voice

No abstract provided.

Alumni Notes, Linfield Magazine Staff, Kelly Williams Brown, Kaley Dombrigues 25

Linfield Magazine

Schedule of upcoming events, brief articles about alumni activities, and a column by the alumni director

March 2023 Cvm Library Newsletter

CVM Library Newsletters

March 2023 CVM Library Newsletter

Perivascular Cells Induce Microglial Phagocytic States And Synaptic Engulfment Via Spp1 In Mouse Models Of Alzheimer's Disease., Sebastiaan De Schepper, Judy Z Ge, Gerard Crowley, Laís S S Ferreira, Dylan Garceau, Christina E Toomey, Dimitra Sokolova, Javier Rueda-Carrasco, Sun-Hye Shin, Jung-Seok Kim, Thomas Childs, Tammaryn Lashley, Jemima J Burden, Michael Sasner, Carlo Sala Frigerio, Steffen Jung, Soyon Hong

Faculty Research 2023

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by synaptic loss, which can result from dysfunctional microglial phagocytosis and complement activation. However, what signals drive aberrant microglia-mediated engulfment of synapses in AD is unclear. Here we report that secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1/osteopontin) is upregulated predominantly by perivascular macrophages and, to a lesser extent, by perivascular fibroblasts. Perivascular SPP1 is required for microglia to engulf synapses and upregulate phagocytic markers including C1qa, Grn and Ctsb in presence of amyloid-β oligomers. Absence of Spp1 expression in AD mouse models results in prevention of synaptic loss. Furthermore, single-cell RNA sequencing and putative cell-cell interaction analyses reveal …

Why Gliding Symmetry Used To Be Prevalent In Biology But Practically Disappeared, Julio C. Urenda, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

At present, many living creatures have symmetries; in particular, the left-right symmetry is ubiquitous. Interestingly, 600 million years ago, very fee living creatures had the left-right symmetry: most of them had a gliding symmetry, symmetry with respect to shift along a line followed by reflection in this line. This symmetry is really seen in living creatures today. In this paper, we provide a physical-based geometric explanation for this symmetry change: we explain both why gliding symmetry was ubiquitous, and why at present, it is rarely observed, while the left-right symmetry is prevalent.

College Of Natural Sciences Newsletter, February 2023, College Of Natural Sciences

College of Natural Sciences Newsletters and Reports

Volume 4, Issue 1

Page 1 Dean's Message
Page 2 Awards and Recognition
Page 3-4 Nobel Recipient Visits Campus
Page 4 Adopting the Pantry
Page 5 Growing a Recruitment Mindset
Page 6 February Outreach Events
Page 7 Media Coverage of CNS
Page 8 Open PRAIRIE Data
Page 9 54th Geography Convention, and Tom Loveland EROS Geography Scholarship
Page 10 Photos of Dr. Carolyn Bertozzi's Visit

C. Monteiro Aged 539 Project, Craig Monteiro

Agricultural Education: Graduate Internship Reports

This report includes validation documents required in meeting the quality criteria for secondary-level programs of instruction in agriculture in the State of California. The supporting material includes information to receive state and local funding, and provides an overview of the the goals and objectives of the program of instruction in agriculture at El Diamante High School in Visalia, CA.

Aged 539 Internship Program, Danielle Hyatt

Agricultural Education: Graduate Internship Reports

This internship and project report is a computation of documents required in meeting the quality criteria for secondary-level programs of instruction in agriculture for Ripon High School.

Uc Transcript 2023-03-01, Northern Illinois University

University Council Archives

No abstract provided.

The Dwell Bible Listening App As An Effective Tool To Habituate Daily Bible Engagement In The Local Congregation, Daniel Russell Prugh

Doctor of Ministry Major Applied Project

Prugh, Daniel R. “The Dwell Bible Listening App as an Effective Tool to Habituate Daily Bible Engagement in the Local Congregation.” Doctor of Ministry. Major Applied Project, Concordia Seminary, 2023. "115" pp.

Congregational members desire to engage the Bible daily. However, oftentimes there are barriers to this goal. One of the most important barriers is that people do not regularly read. This is problematic if the church desires for people to read the Bible daily. In addition, people encounter a tsunami of information every day, that makes it hard to prioritize regular engagement with the Bible. However, the church can …

Prediction Of Strawberry Yield Based On Receptacle Detection And Bayesian Inference, Sunghyun Yoon, Jung Su Jo, Steven B. Kim, Ha Seon Sim, Sung Kyeom Kim, Dong Sub Kim

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The receptacle of strawberry is a more direct part than the flower for predicting yield as they eventually become fruits. Thus, we tried to predict the yield by combining an AI technique for receptacle detection in images and statistical analysis on the relationship between the number of receptacles detected and the strawberry yield over a period of time. Five major cultivars were cultivated to consider the cultivar characteristics and environmental factors for two years were collected to consider the climate difference. Faster R–CNN based object detector was used to estimate the number of receptacles per strawberry plant in given two-dimensional …

Temporal Variability In Soil Organic Matter Accretion Rates In Coastal Deltaic Wetlands Under Changing Depositional Environments, Yadav Sapkota, Kehui Xu, Kanchan Maiti, Patrick Inglett, John R. White

Faculty Publications

The Mississippi River Deltaic Plain experiences high relative sea level rise, limited sediment supply, and high marsh edge erosion, leading to the substantial coastal wetland and stored soil organic matter (SOM) loss. The objective of this study was to understand the SOM accumulation rates over the past 1000 years related to the changes in the depositional environment in these highly eroding coastal wetlands. Soil cores (2 m) were collected from four sites in Barataria Basin, LA and analyzed for proportion of organic and mineral matter, total C, N, P, particle size, and stable isotopic composition (δ¹³C and δ …

What Are The Most Effective Proxies In Identifying Storm-Surge Deposits In Paleotempestology? A Quantitative Evaluation From The Sand-Limited, Peat-Dominated Environment Of The Florida Coastal Everglades, Qiang Yao, Kam Biu Liu, Zhenqing Zhang, Erika Rodrigues, Marcelo Cohen, Kanchan Maiti, Yang Yang

Faculty Publications

Although many studies have attempted to reconstruct millennial-scale hurricane patterns using various proxy-based methods, it is still unclear what the most effective proxies are to identify storm surge deposits in different environmental settings. This study quantitatively compares the application of grain-size, loss-on-ignition, stable isotopes, X-ray fluorescence, and palynological proxies in paleotempestology from an organic-rich environment in the Florida Everglades. The nonparametric tests indicate that only 9 among the 27 parameters (mean diameter, %water, %organic, %carbonate, Ca, Sr, Ca/Ti, Cl/Br, and marine microfossils) exhibited significant differences between storm-surge and in situ deposits. The principal component analysis shows that five marine indicators …

The Effects Of Hurricane Harvey On Texas Coastal-Zone Chemistry, Piers Chapman, Steven F. Dimarco, Anthony H. Knap, Antonietta Quigg, Nan D. Walker

Faculty Publications

Hurricane Harvey deposited over 90×109gm3 of rainwater over central Texas, USA, during late August/early September 2017. During four cruises (June, August, September and November 2017) we observed changes in hydrography and nutrient and oxygen concentrations in Texas coastal waters. Despite intense terrestrial runoff, nutrient supply to the coastal ocean was transient, with little phytoplankton growth observed and no hypoxia. Observations suggest this was probably related to the retention of nutrients in the coastal bays and rapid uptake by phytoplankton of nutrients washed out of the bays, as well as dilution by the sheer volume of rainwater and the lack of …

Functional Seascapes: Understanding The Consequences Of Hypoxia And Spatial Patterning In Pelagic Ecosystems, Stephen B. Brandt, Sarah E. Kolesar, Cassandra N. Glaspie, Arnaud Laurent, Cynthia E. Sellinger, James J. Pierson, Michael R. Roman, William C. Boicourt

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Advances In Cartilage Tissue Engineering Using Bioinks With Decellularized Cartilage And Three-Dimensional Printing, Roxanne N. Stone, Jonathon C. Reeck, Julia Thom Oxford

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Osteoarthritis, a chronic, debilitating, and painful disease, is one of the leading causes of disability and socioeconomic burden, with an estimated 250 million people affected worldwide. Currently, there is no cure for osteoarthritis and treatments for joint disease require improvements. To address the challenge of improving cartilage repair and regeneration, three-dimensional (3D) printing for tissue engineering purposes has been developed. In this review, emerging technologies are presented with an overview of bioprinting, cartilage structure, current treatment options, decellularization, bioinks, and recent progress in the field of decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM)–bioink composites is discussed. The optimization of tissue engineering approaches using …

The Blue Carbon Reservoirs From Maine To Long Island, Ny. Epa Region 1 Report., Phil Colarusso, Zamir Libohova, Emily Shumchenia, Meagan Eagle, Megan Christian, Robert Vincent, Beverly J. Johnson

All Faculty Scholarship

This document reflects the efforts and results of the Blue Carbon Reservoirs from Maine to Long Island, New York Project and New England Blue Carbon Inventory Workgroup, including identification and collection of updated habitat maps for eelgrass beds and salt marshes across New England and calculations for blue carbon stock inventories.

A Single-Cell Gene Expression Atlas Of Human Follicular Aspirates: Identification Of Leukocyte Subpopulations And Their Paracrine Factors, Yohan Choi, Hayce Jeon, Mats Brännström, James W. Akin, Thomas E. Curry, Misung Jo

UK CARES Faculty Publications

Leukocytes are in situ regulators critical for ovarian function. However, little is known about leukocyte subpopulations and their interaction with follicular cells in ovulatory follicles, especially in humans. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA- seq) was performed using follicular aspirates obtained from four IVF patients and identified 13 cell groups: one granulosa cell group, one thecal cell group, 10 subsets of leukocytes, and one group of RBC/platelet. RNA velocity analyses on five granulosa cell populations predicted developmental dynamics denoting two projections of differentiation states. The cell type-specific transcriptomic profiling analyses revealed the presence of a diverse array of leukocyte-derived factors that can …

Breast Cancer Molecular Subtype Classification According To Immunohistochemistry Markers And Its Association With Pathological Characteristics Among Women Attending Tertiary Hospitals In Tanzania., Allyzain Ismail

Master of Surgery

Background: Breast cancer immunohistochemistry is a biological characteristic of the tumour which has a role to diagnose molecular subtype, prognosticate and guide treatment and categorised into 4 subtypes, Luminal A, Luminal B, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) enriched and Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). Objectives: To determine the prevalence of each molecular subtype of breast cancer and determine their association with pathological and demographic characteristics. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out at two tertiary referral hospitals on participants who were recruited from the cancer registries from 2015-2022 and had a breast tissue biopsy confirming primary breast …

Full Issue

Intersections

No abstract provided.

Where Disruption And Vocation Meet: One Path Toward Teaching Reproductive Justice In Challenging Times, Lena R. Hann

Intersections

No abstract provided.

When Hay Was King: Energy History And Economic Nationalism In The Nineteenth-Century United States, Ariel Ron

History Faculty Publications

Hay was a linchpin of the early industrial energy regime. It was the primary fodder for working horses, who became more rather than less important over the 1800s. Though largely ignored by historians, hay was of comparable value to cotton and wheat in the nineteenth-century United States. The crop’s historiographical invisibility is partly due to its relatively informal and decidedly subglobal production and exchange patterns. Whereas cotton and wheat exports passed through customhouses and institutionalized exchanges that carefully recorded trade volumes, hay was almost never exported and often underwent no market transaction at all, instead being used as an intermediate …