Digital Commons Network^™

Cultivating Sense: Cultural Change In The Prosecutor's Office, Shih-Chun Steven Chien

Minnesota Journal of International Law, Vols. 28:2 onward (2019-present)

Prosecutors exercise broad discretion. They are widely viewed as the gatekeepers of the criminal justice system. To date, studies on prosecutors in different jurisdictions have largely focused on how to conceptualize, manage, and eventually control the exercise of prosecutorial discretion. Scholars have recently turned their attention to the importance of internal organizational management and leadership’s role in changing office culture as a means to regulate prosecutorial discretion. But we have limited empirical evidence as to how changes occur within a prosecutor’s office and what precise role organizational leaders play during this process. This Article constructs a new paradigm for the …

Benchmarks For Reducing Civilian Harm In Armed Conflict: Learning Feasible Lessons About Systemic Change, Peter Marguiles

Minnesota Journal of International Law, Vols. 28:2 onward (2019-present)

No abstract provided.

Corporate Fiduciary Duty In The Age Of Algorithms, Alfred R. Cowger Jr.

Journal of Law, Technology, & the Internet

The Age of Algorithms will soon have a seismic impact on fiduciary law and thus, on the fiduciary duty of directors and officers. On one hand, corporate fiduciaries will have access to Artificial Intelligence-based tools which may make their jobs more efficient, more accurate, and more effective. As a result, fulfilling fiduciary duties will be easier, and the use of these tools may significantly lower the exposure of corporate fiduciaries to claims of breaching fiduciary duties. However, artificial intelligence (AI) may be a double-edged sword because those attractive tools will create new standards corporate fiduciaries must meet to fulfill their …

Indian Policing: Agents Of Assimilation, Kekek Jason Stark

Case Western Reserve Law Review

No abstract provided.

Factors That Influence Jury Verdicts In Police Use Of Force Cases, Christopher M. Bellas

Case Western Reserve Law Review

No abstract provided.

Implementation Of The Risk Of Relapse Screening Tool Within Substance Use Populations, Jacob Dugard

OTD DEx Reports - College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences

"Occupational therapy aims to promote healthy lifestyles and informed decision-making across a diverse range of individuals. Originally titled the Risk of Opioid Overdose Screening Tool, the Risk of Relapse Screening Tool (RORST) was developed to be more inclusive and relevant to various substance users beyond opioids. The RORST questionnaire was constructed based on the Transtheoretical Model of Change, allowing for personalized interventions corresponding to an individual's readiness to modify behavior. The present situation highlights an unmet need for successful community transition for individuals with substance use disorders due to a lack of education and communal resources. The RORST was administered …

Addressing Gaps In Trauma-Informed Care Education For Foster Parents With An Occupational Therapy Lens, Jessica Dressel

OTD DEx Reports - College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences

"Three foster care parent training courses currently in place at the facility for this Doctoral Experiential (DEx) Capstone site were reviewed for gaps in terms of trauma-informed care (TIC), an effective, research-based approach for understanding and treating trauma (Beyerlein & Bloch, 2014; Duffee et al., 2021; Fratto, 2016). The community partner site was the Connecticut Alliance of Foster and Adoptive Families (CAFAF). One current training module and two new workshops from CAFAF’s annual foster care parent conference were reviewed for the presence of TIC principles via a content analysis and surveys. These research tools were developed utilizing six core principles …

The Conditions Of Oregon's Latinx Farmworkers, Kevin Alejandrez

Theses and Dissertations--Sociology

The goal of this three-paper dissertation is to better understand inequalities that Latinx farmworkers endure and the ways through which these inequalities can be addressed. As such, this dissertation examines pertinent inequalities Latinx farmworkers experience in the United States, their responses to resulting hardships, and the effects that crises such as the Covid-19 pandemic have in both exacerbating hardship and expanding opportunities to challenge inequitable systems in place. This is done through an intersectional analysis of a multi-year ethnographic study conducted in Oregon’s Willamette Valley.

First, paper one, titled, “Subordinate Adaptation: Intragroup Hierarchies Among Blueberry Pickers,” explores the ways in …

A Confluence Of Identity, Skepticism, And Acculturation: A Grounded Theory Study On Voter Engagement Among Registered Latin American Immigrant Voters, Oscar De Tuya

Department of Conflict Resolution Studies Theses and Dissertations

One of the most important characteristics of a democracy is the ability of its citizens to directly elect many of their government representatives. Unfortunately, since only citizens are traditionally eligible to vote in the United States, the group of voters that ultimately influences government is smaller than the overall population. That excludes immigrants from full participation in government and contributes to conflict, which can be analyzed through various theoretical lenses, such as structural violence, basic human needs theory, and social cohesion. These realities underscore the importance of elections and of ensuring that an engaged and informed electorate is active in …

Underrepresentation Of Black Participants In Drug Court: Reasons Reported For Non-Admission In Six Jurisdictions, Kathryn J. Genthon

Theses and Dissertations

Despite the beneficial impacts of drug court participation, access to these programs may not be equitable across racial groups. The reasons behind racial disparities in access to these programs are not well-documented in the current literature. This study investigates disparities in access to drug court and the possible reasons they occur. Chi-square tests are used to assess for disparities in admissions between Black and White individuals referred to drug court. Additional statistical analyses addressed the association of sex and age with admission to provide a broader picture of the impact of a variety of demographic characteristics on admission to drug …

Criminology And Criminal Justice Ba, Sociology, Anthropology, & Criminology

Program Revisions/Additions

No abstract provided.

Criminology And Criminal Justice Minor, Sociology, Anthropology, & Criminology

Program Revisions/Additions

No abstract provided.

Commencement Program, 2023, Cuny John Jay College Of Criminal Justice

Reports and Publications from John Jay College

Commencement Programs are handed out at each graduation. They include information on honorary degrees, awards and prizes and candidates for degree. However, they cannot be considered an official record of conferring of degrees.

Assessment Of The Acidified Hydrogen Peroxide Method On Uncontrolled Fired Cartridge Case Samples, Kylie S. Richardson

Master of Science in Forensic Science Directed Research Projects

The use of fingerprints to identify individuals in forensic cases has been useful for many years due to the persistence and individuality of the prints. In addition, the presence of firearms in forensic casework is steadily increasing over the years. This study aims to expand upon prior research in the development and recovery of latent prints on fired, brass ammunition using an acidified hydrogen peroxide method. Although latent prints are left on the cartridge casing of ammunition during the handling and loading of ammunition into the firearm, it is hypothesized that the pressure within the barrel of the firearm during …

Evaluation Of The Age Of Evidence In Mock Biological Touch Evidence Samples, Emma P. Hirst

Master of Science in Forensic Science Directed Research Projects

As more sensitive DNA profiling techniques have been developed, questions about how and when the DNA was deposited have become a driving issue in forensic casework. Image flow cytometry (IFC) offers a way to estimate the time since deposition (TSD) of trace DNA samples based on individual cells' morphological and autofluorescence properties. Previous work has shown that a TSD can be determined from a single contributor in touch samples. To determine if TSD could be correctly estimated for mixtures containing a fresh deposit (less than a week old) and an older deposit, this project characterized a series of samples that …

Determination Of The Trace Elemental Signature Of Drywall Dust And Its Implication As Forensic Evidence, Emilee Holmes

Master of Science in Forensic Science Directed Research Projects

Drywall is found in most homes built in the United States of America because it is cost effective, light weight, and easy to install. Its brittle nature makes it less resistant to impact which can cause dust to form if a force is exerted on it. Airborne dust can settle on anything or anyone around it and can be considered trace evidence for its ability to connect suspects, victims, and scenes; however, this type of dust is not emphasized as trace evidence and is not always collected due to a lack of understanding of their forensic signatures.The seven producers of …

The Fight To Be Seen: Black Girls And Discipline, Victoria Marie Strickland

Senior Honors Theses and Projects

The impact of zero-tolerance, exclusionary discipline, and the school-to-prison pipeline has become increasingly present in research in recent years. Studies centered around zero-tolerance, exclusion, and the school-to-prison pipeline have made the focus of the study boys of color, specifically Black boys. These studies have contributed to the amount of awareness that schools, parents, and the public have about the effects of the unfair punishment practices. However, Black girls have been invisible, criminalized in educational settings, and are at a great risk of encountering the criminal justice system. Over the recent decades, Black girls experience exclusionary discipline almost six times more …

Psychology And Criminology Students' Attribution Of Factors Contributing To Criminal Behaviors, Ava Marie Leahy

Senior Honors Theses and Projects

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in the attribution of contributing factors to criminal behaviors between psychology and criminology majors. To gauge participant perception, a carefully crafted vignette was presented to participants accompanied by questions asking participants to what extent eight variables (conformation to labels, hostile attribution bias, rational choice based on circumstances, poor attachments, mental illness, upbringing, insufficient deterrence, and learned behavior through observation) contributed to the perpetrator’s criminal behavior and for participants to rank-order these same variables from the largest contributors to the least. Participants were also asked to provide a sentencing recommendation for …

Tennessee Student Fees Report 2021-22, Tennessee. Higher Education Commission.

Tennessee Student Fees Report

No abstract provided.

Improving The Pipeline For Tennessee's Workforce, Academic Supply For Occupational Demand Report 2022, Tennessee. Higher Education Commission.

Academic Programs and Workforce Reports

No abstract provided.

Legislative Report, Calendar Year 2022, Tennessee. Department Of Safety & Homeland Security.

Legislative Reports

No abstract provided.

Privacy In An Era Of Advancing Technology, Russell L. Weaver

University of Florida Journal of Law & Public Policy

This Article examines the privacy implications of new technologies, in particular facial recognition technology (FRT), which uses biometric software to recognize a person’s facial features. When used in conjunction with closed-circuit television (CCTV) or drones, FRT has allowed governments to continuously monitor public places and has helped law enforcement officials to locate and apprehend criminals. But many are uneasy regarding the privacy implications of FRT technology, which can often be unreliable. The difficulty is that the Fourth Amendment imposes few meaningful limits on governmental use of modern technologies in public places, although some states have imposed limitations by statute.

Criminal Responsibility, Ken Levy

Book Sections

No abstract provided.

Strafford County 2022 Annual Report Of The Commissioners, Treasurer, Other County Officers, And The Strafford County Delegation For The Year Ending December 31, 2022., Strafford County Representatives

Strafford County, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a county in the state of New Hampshire.

40 Acres And A Mule: Accountability For Corporations To Provide Reparations To Historically Black Colleges And Universities For Profits From Slave Labor, Meghan K. Marks

Emory Business Law Review

No abstract provided.

Teaching Forensic Entomology With Common Grocery Items: Decomposition And Insect Succession Studies, Erin Bauer, Charles Murrieta, Larry Barksdale

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Forensic science and entomology programs may benefit from using deceased pigs as teaching resources due to anatomical similarities to humans. The use of such animals provides opportunities for students to learn the effects of geographical location and climate on insects; understand insect succession; practice insect collection and identification; and learn post-mortem interval procedures, taphonomic principles of decomposition, and crime scene investigation and management techniques. Forensic entomology and taphonomic studies fit well with educational interests in experiential learning. Pigs may be readily available through animal science departments or local producers, and many institutions may have property where this research can be …

Falling Into The Gap: The Coloniality Of Achievement Gap Discourses And Their Responses, James S. Wright, Taeyeon Kim

Department of Educational Administration: Faculty Publications

This paper critically analyzes gap discourses in student learning, starting from the achievement gap, education debt, and opportunity gaps, applying the lens of coloniality, racial capitalism, and modernity (CRCM). Gap discourses are the prevalent rationale behind educational policies and school reforms globally. Specifically in the United States, achievement gap discourses contribute substantially to the educational framework that minoritized students (students of color) are inherently – intellectually and academically – behind White students. This paper will show the pervasive power of achievement gap discourses and their influence on school policy, practices, and norms. Additionally, we highlight how some of the most …

Lived Experiences Of College-Educated African American Males During Police Interactions In Central Kentucky, Lawerence Eric Charles

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Recent high-profile incidents involving police interaction with Black citizens have increased community outrage and racial divisions between police and African Americans. Despite previous research on relations between African Americans and police, little literature has focused on the lived experiences of college-educated African American males when interacting with police. In the study 12 participants were interviewed. The analytical approach was grounded theory, which identified seven themes that most of the men had in common. One shared lived experience expressed the need for collaborative and inclusive policies that prevent bias, police brutality, and wrongful arrest and detention of the African American community. …

School Social Workers’ Role In School Discipline: Understanding School Discipline And Juvenile Justice, Staisha D. Hamilton

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Disproportionate disciplinary actions relating to school-based offenses for Black youth influence their early juvenile justice involvement. The continued excessive disciplinary actions involving Black male students in lower-level academic settings are concerning because, without being addressed, continuing disproportionate disciplinary action toward Black males can lead to future juvenile justice involvement and create a large-scale social work practice issue. The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to focus on school social workers’ perspectives of their role in addressing disproportionate disciplinary strategies and their understanding of the relationship between school discipline strategies and juvenile justice involvement. The theoretical framework of this project …

Discipline Without Punishment For African American Male Juveniles: From The Eyes Of A Mental Health Professional, Mia Nichole Lee

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Juvenile rehabilitation and incarceration among African Americans are not equal and up to the standards and recommendations of society. This study focused on identifying the differences between the juvenile rehabilitation and incarceration punishment among African American offenders, with the goal of helping improve the way that the society looks at African Americans. The paper followed qualitative research methodology, which provided social evidence and helped in breaking down information. Data were collected from focus groups, observations, questionnaires, and interviews. The research highlights issues regarding juvenile rehabilitation and incarceration of African Americans, which can encourage change.