Digital Commons Network^™

Fatty Acid, Carotenoid And Fat-Soluble Vitamin Composition Of Multispecies Swards Grown In Ireland—Implications For A Sustainable Feed In Dairy Farming, Samuel Rapisarda, Graham O'Neill, Nissreen Abu-Ghannam

Articles

Although traditional ryegrass pastures are still commonly used, they require intense management and input and do not perform well during the summer months. Multispecies systems have been recognised as more sustainable, needing less fertiliser and being tolerant to drought and heat. While data on monoculture system fat composition exist, information for multispecies is scarce. The present study compared the fatty acid (FA), carotenoid and fat-soluble composition of a multispecies system (consisting of perennial ryegrass, timothy, white clover, red clover, chicory and plantain) (MULTI) with two other conventional grazing systems (monoculture perennial ryegrass (PRG) and a binary mixture of perennial ryegrass …

Haptic Systems: Trends And Lessons Learned For Haptics In Spacesuits, Mohammad Amin Kuhail, Jose Berengueres, Fatma Taher, Mariam Alkuwaiti, Sana Z. Khan

All Works

Haptic technology uses forces, vibrations, and movements to simulate a sense of touch. In the context of spacesuits, proposals to use haptic systems are scant despite evidence of their efficacy in other domains. Existing review studies have sought to summarize existing haptic system applications. Despite their contributions to the body of knowledge, existing studies have not assessed the applicability of existing haptic systems in spacesuit design to meet contemporary challenges. This study asks, “What can we learn from existing haptic technologies to create spacesuits?”. As such, we examine academic and commercial haptic systems to address this issue and draw insights …

The Compound Risk Of Heat And Covid-19 In New York City: Riskscapes, Physical And Social Factors, And Interventions, Janelle Knox-Hayes, Juan Camilo Osorio, Natasha Stamler, Maria Dombrov, Rose Winer, Mary Hannah Smith, Reginald Blake, Cynthia Rosenzweig

Publications and Research

Climate change is disrupting the fundamental conditions of human life and exacerbating existing inequity by placing further burdens on communities that are already vulnerable. Risk exposure varies by where people live and work. In this article, we examine the spatial overlap of the compound risks of COVID-19 and extreme heat in New York City. We assess the relationship between socio-demographic and natural, built and social environmental characteristics, and the spatial correspondence of COVID-19 daily case rates across three pandemic waves. We use these data to create a compound risk index combining heat, COVID-19, density and social vulnerability. Our findings demonstrate …

The Effects Of Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation On Anaerobic Performance, Ava G. Swart

Celebrating Scholarship and Creativity Day (2018-)

Multiple studies have been conducted on the effect of creatine monohydrate supplementation on muscular strength. However, evidence of the effect of creatine supplementation on anaerobic performance is less clear. PURPOSE: To determine if creatine supplementation impacts sprint speed and vertical jump height. METHODS: 10 females and 9 males (N=19) aged 21 ± 0 from the College of Saint Benedict and Saint John’s University participated in this randomized single blind study. Participants ingested creatine monohydrate or a placebo for 21 days and were tested on days 1, 6, 14, and 21. Day one tests were completed prior to the consumption of …

The Melanocortin Action Is Biased Toward Protection From Weight Loss In Mice, Hongli Li, Yuanzhong Xu, Yanyan Jiang, Zhiying Jiang, Joshua Otiz-Guzman, Jessie C Morrill, Jing Cai, Zhengmei Mao, Yong Xu, Benjamin R Arenkiel, Cheng Huang, Qingchun Tong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The melanocortin action is well perceived for its ability to regulate body weight bidirectionally with its gain of function reducing body weight and loss of function promoting obesity. However, this notion cannot explain the difficulty in identifying effective therapeutics toward treating general obesity via activation of the melanocortin action. Here, we provide evidence that altered melanocortin action is only able to cause one-directional obesity development. We demonstrate that chronic inhibition of arcuate neurons expressing proopiomelanocortin (POMC) or paraventricular hypothalamic neurons expressing melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R) causes massive obesity. However, chronic activation of these neuronal populations failed to reduce body weight. …

Ether Phospholipids Are Required For Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Homeostasis, Ziheng Chen, I-Lin Ho, Melinda Soeung, Er-Yen Yen, Jintan Liu, Liang Yan, Johnathon L Rose, Sanjana Srinivasan, Shan Jiang, Q Edward Chang, Ningping Feng, Jason P Gay, Qi Wang, Jing Wang, Philip L Lorenzi, Lucas J Veillon, Bo Wei, John N Weinstein, Angela K Deem, Sisi Gao, Giannicola Genovese, Andrea Viale, Wantong Yao, Costas A Lyssiotis, Joseph R Marszalek, Giulio F Draetta, Haoqiang Ying

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Mitochondria are hubs where bioenergetics, redox homeostasis, and anabolic metabolism pathways integrate through a tightly coordinated flux of metabolites. The contributions of mitochondrial metabolism to tumor growth and therapy resistance are evident, but drugs targeting mitochondrial metabolism have repeatedly failed in the clinic. Our study in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) finds that cellular and mitochondrial lipid composition influence cancer cell sensitivity to pharmacological inhibition of electron transport chain complex I. Profiling of patient-derived PDAC models revealed that monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and MUFA-linked ether phospholipids play a critical role in maintaining ROS homeostasis. We show that ether phospholipids support mitochondrial …

Mycorrhizal Symbioses And Plant Interactions, Domenico Prisa

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

The growing interest in mycorrhizal fungi in agriculture is related to their symbiotic relationships with cultivated plants. Thanks to functional genomics approaches, mycorrhizae and symbioses with host plants have emerged for their fea-tures. Besides improving nutritional supply, plant-fungal interactions increase plants' tolerance to abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity and cold, as well as their resistance to diseases. Recent studies have investigated the interactions between plants and mycorrhizae, however the mechanisms often remain unclear. Indeed, plants in the field are affected by various stresses and results often appear contradictory. This review is aimed at presenting the most relevant studies in …

Annual Faculty Research Symposium 2023, Oakwood University

Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Pathology Logics, S. Lisa Washington

Northwestern University Law Review

Every year, thousands of marginalized parents become ensnared in the family regulation system, an apparatus more commonly referred to as the child welfare system. In prior work, I examined how the coercion of domestic violence survivors in the family regulation system perpetuates harmful knowledge production and serves to legitimize family regulation intervention. This Article focuses on another logic deeply embedded in the family regulation system: the pathologizing of impoverished and racialized groups. Scholars have discussed the pathologizing of marginalized groups to describe a host of different phenomena. In this Article, “pathology logic” refers to a logic that produces notions of …

Exploring Factors Influencing Nursing Engagement In 4ms Initiatives On An Inpatient Older Adult Unit, Sarah Nelson

DNP Projects

Background: The older adult population is growing, and these individuals often have health challenges that require complex nursing care. On an older adult unit in Tennessee, a 4Ms (What Matters, Medication, Mentation, and Mobility) Age-Friendly care initiative was implemented to improve care and outcomes. Early data showed inconsistent nursing engagement with 4Ms initiatives and qualitative data on engagement factors was needed to increase nursing support and improve patient outcomes. Purpose: Therefore, this scholarly project explored factors influencing nursing staff engagement with the 4Ms initiative on an older adult unit. Methods: Nurses and …

Making Breastfeeding Easier With Clinician Support, Katherine Laney

MSN Capstone Projects

This benchmark project provides a template for how to implement clinician support and education in an organization with obstetric and pediatric clinics and a hospital based on the PICOT: In first-time breastfeeding mothers (P), how does clinician driven support and education during the perinatal period (I) compared to no clinician assistance (C) affect the rate of continued breastfeeding (O) within the first 3 months postpartum (T). Research demonstrates that increased clinician support and education provided to the mothers during the perinatal period increases breastfeeding rates and self-efficacy. The project would initially last for approximately 12 weeks and follow women from …

Diabetes Education Benchmark Study, Caitlyn A. Wildey

MSN Capstone Projects

Diabetes mellitus is a disease that happens when the body does not produce enough insulin or does not respond to insulin. Type two diabetes happens when there isn’t enough insulin produced in the body, when there is resistance to the action of insulin in the body, or when the body does not use the insulin produced properly (Type 2 Diabetes, n.d.). Type two diabetes is important because of the increasing incidence of the disease and the complications that come if not managed. Some of the complications associated with type two diabetes include heart disease, kidney disease, neuropathy, retinopathy, and diabetic …

Technology-Mediated Diabetes Prevention Program (Dpp) Benchmark Project, Devon Senical

MSN Capstone Projects

This benchmark project intends to broaden access to the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) by offering technology-mediated content at the primary care level because the Primary Care Physician (PCP) predominantly diagnoses prediabetes due to the recommendation by The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) that nonpregnant overweight or obese adults aged 35 to 70 be screened for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (Davidson et al., 2021). Thus, the primary care setting is the first opportunity to impact the conversion from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes. Of the 84 million people in the United States (U.S.) with prediabetes, they are estimated to …

Importance And Impact Of Diabetes Education On People With Diabetes, Nicole R. Glasco

MSN Capstone Projects

This paper aims to explain the significance and importance of why it is essential to offer patients with diabetes standardized education regarding their diabetes.

Palliative Care In The Neonatal Population, Raegan Miller

MSN Capstone Projects

In more than 90% of cases of neonate deaths, terminal comfort care was provided in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) (Soni et al., 2011). Palliative care teams are increasing, but not enough organizations have embraced the need for better palliative care guidelines. Nor do many organizations know when, how, or if palliative care should even be introduced. These events lead to comfort care measures being underutilized in the NICU for most newborn infants with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions. Neonatal palliative care is discussed more than in years past, but little research has been dedicated to how early palliative care …

Comparing Taste Perception Across Modalities In Healthy Adults: Liquids Versus Dissolvable Taste Strips, Ross M. Westemeyer, Angela M. Dietsch

Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders: Faculty Publications

Taste stimulation has rehabilitative value in dysphagia management, as it activates salient underlying afferent pathways to swallowing which may evoke feedforward effects on swallow biomechanics. Despite its potential beneficial effects on swallow physiology, taste stimulation’s clinical application is limited for persons unsafe to orally consume food/liquid. This study aimed to create edible, dissolvable taste strips matched to flavor profiles previously used in research assessing taste’s effects on swallowing physiology and brain activity, and to evaluate how similar their perceived intensity and hedonic, or palatability, ratings were between their liquid counterparts. Plain, sour, sweet–sour, lemon, and orange flavor profiles were custom-made …

Empowering Children And Families With Food Allergies: An Innovative Role For Occupational Therapy, Salma H. Bachelani, Meredith P. Gronski, Kelly A. Carlson

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

Food allergies (FAs) have far-reaching implications regarding occupational participation. Children with food allergies and their families experience impacts on their daily life activities. The current standard of care for FAs fails to adequately address the wide-ranging barriers to participation in home, school, and community environments. This study used a mixed-method design to examine the impacts of FA on the needs of children and families affected by FA. Eighteen parents of children with FAs and six health care providers of children with FAs were interviewed; the parents also completed two questionnaires to identify the level of impact of FA on areas …

Education And Perceptions Of Post-Therapy Maintenance Programs In Long-Term Care: A Mixed Methods Exploratory Study, Laura S. Novak, Vanessa D. Jewell, Michael Gerg, Andrea Thinnes

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

Background: Occupational therapists develop maintenance programs (MPs) for long-term care (LTC) residents to optimize participation in everyday activities. The purpose of this study was to examine nursing professional attitudes and knowledge of MPs and to evaluate the effectiveness of an occupational therapist-led in-service.

Method: Nursing staff (n = 20) attended the in-service, completed a pre and posttest, and completed interviews (n = 5). We used an exploratory sequential mixed methods design with a one-group quasi-experimental design for the quantitative portion and a descriptive qualitative approach for the interviews.

Results: The results indicated significantly increased knowledge regarding MPs, …

Occupational Therapists' Perspectives On Nursing Home Culture And Addressing The Psychosocial Needs Of Residents: Mixed Methods Design, Nayeli Mendoza, Mikayla C. Wandersee, Divya Sood

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

Background: The purpose of this study was to explore occupational therapists’ perspectives on the culture change movement to address the psychosocial components of care among nursing home residents and identify supports and barriers to implementing the culture change movement.

Methods: We used a sequential explanatory mixed methods design. Electronic surveys were completed by 102 occupational therapists who work in nursing home facilities. Three focus groups were conducted via conference call with occupational therapists (n = 9). The survey was analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. Focus groups were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results: Seventy-four of survey …

Liberating Legal Aid: Reducing Covid-19'S Justice Gap And Promoting Health By Removing The Legal Services Corporation's Class Action And Advocacy Restrictions, Molly C. Schmidt

Cleveland State Law Review

The Legal Services Corporation (LSC) is the single-largest funder of civil legal services, or legal aid, in the United States. The COVID-19 pandemic underscored a longstanding and growing problem faced by ow-income Americans served by LSC-funded legal aid organizations: the growing "justice gap." The justice gap represents the unmet civil legal needs of low-income Americans. The justice gap perpetuates poverty, conceals health-harming legal problems, and furthers racial disparities. Despite the LSC’s essential role in reducing the justice gap and promoting “equal access to justice,” Congress consistently underfunded the LSC before and during COVID-19. Congress has also prohibited the LSC-funded legal …

Faculty Senate Executive Committee Minutes April 15, 2023, Utah State University

Faculty Senate & Faculty Senate Executive Committee

No abstract provided.

Ecological Impacts Of Invasive Crayfish In A Naïve Riparian System, Gregor L. Hamilton

Biology ETDs

Aquatic and riparian food webs are inextricably linked. In deserts, they provide critical energy subsidies to surrounding terrestrial food webs, but these vital subsidies are not guaranteed; streams in arid lands are especially sensitive to perturbations. In this dissertation, I investigated the role of an oft-cited threat to stream communities in the lower Colorado River basin: non-native crayfish. I contributed to methodologies in passive integrated transponder use and length-weight relationships in crayfish to aid future research. I leveraged stable isotope analysis of δ¹⁵N, δ¹³C, and δ²H to understand crayfish role in the food webs. …

Resource Map Of Expenditures For Tennessee Children And Youth, Annual Report To The Legislature 2023, Tennessee. Commission On Children And Youth.

Resource Map Report

No abstract provided.

Challenges To Coordination Of Care In The Diabetic Homeless Population, Melissa K. Smith

Doctoral Dissertations & Projects

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) significantly impacts the lives of Americans and the healthcare industry. Clinicians and patients utilize significant time, effort, and resources to combat the challenges faced. Homeless patients have additional burdens not experienced by those of housed individuals. A Midwest homeless shelter recognized the ongoing unmet needs for primary care and behavioral health services for their clinic patients. It was postulated that implementing a streamlined referral process to primary care services, enabling patients to be seen same day or next day, would increase utilization of services by this population. To increase the probability of patients presenting for their …

Freestyle: A Guide To Making Swimming Nutrition Simple, Megan Wills

Undergraduate Theses

Nutrition plays a critical role in the performance of an athlete. Although academic research surrounding the topic has increased, there is a disproportionate increase in materials created for the athletes themselves. Regarding competitive swimming, the scope of athlete-friendly instructional materials is even more limited. Therefore, there is an inherent disconnect between the academic research on the topic of competitive swimming nutrition and the athletes who need the information. The purpose of this project is to bridge the gap between the research and the content accessible for athletes themselves. Using an interpretive and simplistic approach, the available academic research was used …

Biosintesis Zno Nanopartikel-Ctab Dari Ekstrak Air Daun Jambu Biji, Ion Zn2+ Dan Ctab: Karakterisasi Dan Aplikasinya Sebagai Antibakteri Escherichia Coli, Ahmad Fatoni, Ema Ratna Sari, Julia Ningsi, Nurlisa Hidayati

Chimica et Natura Acta

Biosintesis ZnO nanopartikel-CTAB dilakukan dalam suasana basa dengan interaksi antara ion Zn2+ , CTAB dan media ekstrak air daun jambu biji. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah biosintesis ZnO nanopartikelCTAB, karakterisasi dan aplikasinya sebagai antibakteri. Karakterisasi produk ini dengan spektrofotometer FTIR dan XRD. Suspensi ZnO nanopartikel-CTAB digunakan sebagai antibakteri Escherichia coli dengan metode difusi sumuran. Gugus fungsi Zn-O muncul pada bilangan gelombang 486,06 cm-1 dan ukuran kristalinitas ZnO nanopartikel-CTAB diperkirakan sebesar 10,08 nm. Rata-rata zona hambat ZnO nanopartikel - CTAB terhadap Escherichia coli pada setiap konsentrasi adalah 9,10 -10,70 mm.

Review Of Cardiovascular Risk Of Androgen Deprivation Therapy And The Influence Of Race In Men With Prostate Cancer, James Fradin, Felix J. Kim, Grace Lu-Yao, Eugene Storozynsky, William K. Kelly

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

Androgen deprivation therapy is the cornerstone of prostate cancer therapy. Recent studies have revealed an association between androgen deprivation therapy and cardiovascular adverse effects such as myocardial infarction and stroke. This review summarizes the available research on the cardiovascular risk of men using androgen deprivation therapy. We also discuss racial disparities surrounding both prostate cancer and cardiovascular disease, emphasizing the importance of biological/molecular and socioeconomic factors in assessing baseline risk in patients beginning androgen ablation. Based on the literature, we provide recommendations for monitoring patients who are at high risk for a cardiovascular adverse event while being treated on androgen …

Neurocomputational Mechanisms Of Food And Physical Activity Decision-Making In Male Adolescents., Seung-Lark Lim, Amanda S. Bruce, Robin P. Shook

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

We examined the neurocomputational mechanisms in which male adolescents make food and physical activity decisions and how those processes are influenced by body weight and physical activity levels. After physical activity and dietary assessments, thirty-eight males ages 14-18 completed the behavioral rating and fMRI decision tasks for food and physical activity items. The food and physical activity self-control decisions were significantly correlated with each other. In both, taste- or enjoyment-oriented processes were negatively associated with successful self-control decisions, while health-oriented processes were positively associated. The correlation between taste/enjoyment and healthy attribute ratings predicted actual laboratory food intake and physical activities …

Air Temperature And Diet Are Not Associated With Oxygen Consumption Rate In Banded Crickets, Gryllodes Sigillatus, Nicole Bailey, Connor Oakes, Rachel Sleeth, Mallorie Smith

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

All living organisms acclimate to their environments, with ectothermic species particularly susceptible to environmental change, specifically temperature. Ectothermic insects like crickets directly alter their physiological processes depending on the environment in which they live. Temperature is vital in regulating processes such as metabolism, respiration, and reproduction, among other things. What remains unclear is how a change in the environment, specifically extreme temperature change and dietary alterations, affects physiological processes. In this study, we performed experiments on ectothermic banded crickets to examine the effects of temperature change and the interaction of temperature and diet on oxygen consumption. For both experiments, we …

Higher Education Students’ Perceptions Of Online Learning During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Abby O’Bryant

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

This article focuses on the impacts of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic on students at the University of Hawai‘i at Hilo. Using survey data (n = 64) and semistructured interviews with currently enrolled students (n = 17), key impacts of online learning on the student body were analyzed. The respondents reported disengagement in lectures, negative impacts on their mental and physical health, negative thoughts about dropping out and transferring, apprehension about the quality of course content, and dissatisfaction with tuition. The paper utilizes qualitative data analysis to report the findings.