Digital Commons Network^™

Evaluating Precision Supplementation Technology And Mathematical Nutrition Models For The Development Of Heifers Grazing Dormant Rangeland In Western South Dakota, Anna Katherine Dagel

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Great Plains supports about 40-50% of beef cattle production in the United States. Consequently, the beef cow-calf sector provides a large economic impact for states located within the Northern Great Plains (South Dakota Department of Agriculture, 2021). Producing profitable rangeland beef cattle through an economically efficient cowcalf operation presents several challenges. These challenges include providing adequate nutrition to meet the needs of growing heifers on rangelands, which requires additional labor and feed/supplement to achieve desired rates of gain and reach a target body weight, resulting in reproductive success. Implementation of precision livestock technology (PLT) and the use of precision …

Evaluation Of Welded And Polished Stainless-Steel Surfaces In Supporting Sporeformer Biofilms In Dairy Plants, Taghreed Almalki

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Impact Of Covid-19 Relief Packages On U.S. Household Food Security And Food Expenditure, Bridget Yeboah Bafowaa

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The COVID-19 pandemic led to changes in consumer shopping habits, including food expenditures. The pandemic induced changes in food expenditure patterns, food accessibility, and declining household income contributed to increased food insecurity during the pandemic. The objective of this study is to examine the impact of COVID-19- related relief packages on food security and food expenditures. The effect of Economic Impact Payments, P-EBT, SNAP, and free food will be considered. Using data from the Household Pulse Survey (HPS), a total sample of 1,899,929 households were analyzed in this study. The HPS is a nationally representative survey structured to produce data …

Rumen-Protected Methionine Supplementation Improves Lactation, Oxidative Status, And Immune Response During A Subclinical Mastitis Challenge In Lactating Dairy Cows., Anita Paz Lopez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Mastitis is a significant problem in the dairy industry, posing numerous challenges for dairy farmers worldwide. Mastitis refers to the inflammation of the mammary gland, primarily caused by bacterial infections. This condition affects the health and well-being of dairy cows and has severe economic implications for farmers and overall dairy production. The prevalence of mastitis substantially threatens milk quality, productivity, and profitability, making it a top concern in the dairy industry. Preventing mastitis in cows is crucial for maintaining the herd's health and ensuring highquality milk production. Nutritional strategies have recently gained greater attention due to a direct impact on …

The Effects Of Residue Amounts And Variety Selection On The Development Of Wheat Fungal Pathogens In South Dakota, Abrielle Tembreull

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Roughly 50% of South Dakota cropland is under the practice of no-till, with large increases in acres of no-till in the last 20 or so years. No-till is beneficial for Great Plains states, such as South Dakota, as soil residues are withheld. Residues are shown to increase soil health through retention of moisture and increase of microorganisms, but residues can serve as a source of inoculum for fungal pathogens that can overwinter on them. As wheat is one of the most important food crops in the world, it is important to protect this vital crop from diseases. Diseases of wheat …

Effect Of Foliar And Preplant Sulfur Application On Soybean Nutrient Uptake, Yield, And Seed Protein And Oil Content, Gena Ram Mahato

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In recent years, Sulfur (S) deficiency has been observed in soybean producing regions in the US and different parts of the world. The major factors behind the frequent occurrence of S deficiency are reduced atmospheric S deposition due to strict regulations on emissions from fossil fuels, large S removal from high yielding crops, less use of fertilizers containing S, and intensive cultivation practices. To test S limitations, I conducted two independent studies from 2019 to 2021 at two locations in Eastern South Dakota to determine the effect of foliar and preplant S application on soybean. The objectives of this research …

Ecological Impacts Of Anthropogenic Chemicals On Non-Target Species And The Role Of Plant Diversity In Ecosystem Restoration And Resilience, Shiva Torabian

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Understanding ecosystem processes in rangelands is of paramount importance for ensuring global food security, given their pivotal role in sustaining forage and livestock production. Central to this understanding are fundamental processes such as nutrient cycling, decomposition, and plant biomass dynamics. However, the use of anthropogenic chemicals in agricultural practices has the potential to exert significant influence on these critical ecosystem functions. A pivotal factor in this context is the plant diversity inherent to these rangeland ecosystems. Plant diversity not only provides essential ecosystem functions but also enhances them with the capacity to withstand and recover from perturbations. Ecosystems characterized by …

Biological Control Of Bacterial Leaf Streak Of Wheat Using Antagonistic Rhizobacteria, Ashley Frederickson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the world’s most valuable crops, and the primary food grain produced in the United States. A major disease in wheat production is Bacterial Leaf Streak (BLS) caused by the gram-negative bacterium Xanthomonas translucens pv. undulosa (Xtu). Very few management strategies are available to growers to manage this disease, as common chemicals do not provide adequate control. A number of studies have been conducted on biological control using Rhizospheric bacteria for the control of various plant diseases, but limited data is available on the efficacy of biological control using Rhizospheric bacteria for controlling Bacterial …

Characterizing Vaginal Gene Expression In Prepubertal Gilts, Shannon Lee Dierking

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The best-known predictor of reproductive success in gilts is the age at puberty. Early puberty (i.e., d170 – d180 of age) is associated with improved long-term reproductive performance and more full value offspring for market. The ability to predict, in the prepubertal stage, the age that a replacement gilt would be expected to achieve puberty has great reproductive and economic advantages. This work focuses on identifying biological markers that are potentially predictive of age at puberty. Study 1 identified changes in the vaginal epithelium during gilt reproductive development. Pre-pubertal gilts (n =13) were followed from d70 of age until first …

An Innovative State-Of-The-Art Health Storytelling Technique For Better Management Of Type 2 Diabetes, Sumbal Ali, Shumaila Bakht, Atta Ullah Jan, Iftikhar Alam, Ali Madi Almajwal, Tareq Osaili, Reyad Shakir Obaid, Moez Allslam Ezzat Faris, Leila Cheikh Ismail, Farah Najah, Hadia Radwan, Haydar Hasan, Mona Hashim, Sharifa Alblooshi, Bismillah Sehar, Falak Zeb

All Works

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic lifelong disease that requires long-term prevention and management strategies in a community setting. A health story is a novel technique that may be used as an effective tool for better prevention and management of T2D. Objective: The main objective of this study is to develop a story to be used as a social health technique based on contemporary scientific knowledge that may be used at a community level for better communication and management of T2D. Methods: A community–academic partnership was formed with a not-for-profit Nutrition Education, Awareness, and Training (NEAT) organization in …

Understanding Perceptions Of New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes Education In A Pediatric Tertiary Care Center, Gabriel Betancurvelez

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Background: Youth newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1D), and their families, require intensive education on the management of this chronic condition during this overwhelming period. Traditionally, our center conducts training in person during a hospital admission.

Methods: We studied family perceptions of our current patient education methods in an effort to elucidate strategies to augment education in the post-pandemic environment, where provider time in the room and visitation rules may limit face-to-face encounters.

Results: 25 families completed the survey (distributed to 156 in total, with approximately 21% response rate). The mean age at diagnosis was 9.52 ± 4.29 years …

The Association Between Social Needs Care Coordination And Social Needs Status Amongst Patients In A Federally Qualified Health Center, Autumn Nobles

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Social needs screenings within healthcare systems have grown more common with increasing discourse around the contribution of systemic determinants to health outcomes. These screenings have been used to describe the prevalence of social needs within communities but have not been evaluated for the impact that they and the interventions to which they are attached may have on health outcomes. Here we evaluate social needs screenings and their potential impact on patient health at a federally qualified health center in New Haven, Connecticut. We describe the baseline needs at the facility, evaluate change in reported social needs among patients undergoing screening, …

Examining Foods And Beverages Served And Child Food Insecurity Across Early Care And Education (Ece) Programs In Communities With High Rates Of Obesity And Food Insecurity, Deepa Srivastava, Lucy R. Zheng, Dipti A. Dev

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to examine implementation of serving food and beverage evidence-based practices (nutrition EBPs) across CACFP participating licensed childcare centers (CCCs, n = 51) and family childcare homes (FCCHs, n = 49) in central California. Results indicated that FCCHs reported significantly higher (p < .05) implementation of nutrition EBPs and barriers than CCCs. Both CCCs and FCCHs refer families to WIC/SNAP when they observe child food insecurity and control how much food is served to children. It is important to consider organizational structure (CCCs, FCCHs) and child food insecurity when developing policies/interventions for improving implementation of nutrition EBPs in ECEs.

Cell Signaling And Stress Response In The Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae: A Study Of Snf1, Scott E. Arbet Ii

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae are yeast that are unicellular eukaryotic organisms that are well studied as a model organism for understanding fundamental cellular processes. The ability of yeast to sense nutrient availability is crucial for their survival, growth, and reproduction. Yeast cells use various mechanisms to sense and respond to nutrient availability, including transporter-mediated uptake, receptor-mediated signaling, and sensing of metabolites. The subcellular localization of nutrient-sensing components is crucial for yeast function in nutrient sensing and signaling. Protein complexes, such as the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, in nutrient sensing and response, as well as the downstream effects of these pathways …

The Investigation Of Novel Bovine Oocyte-Specific Long Non-Coding Rnas And Their Roles In Oocyte Maturation And Early Embryonic Development, Jaelyn Zoe Current

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Early embryonic loss is a significant factor in livestock species' infertility, resulting in an economic deficit. In cattle, the in vivo fertilization rate is ~90%, with an average calving rate of about 55%, indicating an embryonic-fetal mortality rate of roughly 35%. Further, 70-80% of total embryonic loss in cattle occurs during the first three weeks after insemination, particularly between days 7-16. Growing evidence indicates that the oocyte plays an active role in regulating critical aspects of the reproductive process required for successful fertilization, embryo development, and pregnancy. However, defining oocyte quality remains enigmatic. Recently, many have abandoned the notion that …

Public Reporting Of Monitorship Outcomes, Veronica Root Martinez

Faculty Scholarship

When a corporation engages in misconduct that is widespread or pervasive, courts, regulators, or prosecutors often insist that the firm obtain assistance from an independent third party — a monitor — to oversee the firm’s remediation effort. The largest firms in the world — from Deutsche Bank, to Volkswagen, to Carnival Cruise Lines — have found themselves having to retain a monitor for corporate misconduct, despite attempts to avoid a monitorship entirely. Traditionally, monitors, or their special master forebearers, were utilized by courts to assist in overseeing compliance with court orders, and their work was both accessible and transparent. As …

Acute Effects Of Sprint Interval Training And Blood Flow Restriction On Neuromuscular And Muscle Function, David Gonzalez Rojas

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of continuous (CBFR) and intermittent (IBFR) blood flow restriction (BFR) applied during sprint interval training (SIT) on performance, muscle, and neuromuscular function. Fifteen men completed SIT with CBFR, IBFR, and No-BFR. Each SIT bout consisted of 2, 30-s maximal sprints on a cycle ergometer with a resistance of 7.5% of body mass. Concentric peak torque (CPT), maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) torque, and muscle thickness (MT) were measured before and after the SIT protocols during each visit. During the maximal strength assessments, surface electromyography (sEMG) was recorded and during each …

Cognitive Rehabilitation And Aerobic Exercise For Cognitive Impairment In People With Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (Cogex): A Randomised, Blinded, Sham-Controlled Trial, Anthony Feinstein, Maria Pia Amato, Giampaolo Brichetto, Jeremy Chataway, Nancy D. Chiaravalloti, Gary Cutter, Ulrik Dalgas, John Deluca, Rachel Farrell, Peter Feys, Massimo Filippi, Jennifer Freeman, Matilde Inglese, Cecilia Meza, Robert W. Motl, Maria A. Rocca, Brian M. Sandroff, Amber Salter, Alex Pietrusz, Andrea Tacchino, A Smith, Anne Sophie Michelsen, Ashlie Kristin, Blake Bichler, Brendon Truax, Carmen Vizzino, Catherine Danielle Jones, Catherine Holme, C Smith, Charly Keytsman, Chiara Pollio, Chris Cole, Claudia Niccolai, Claudio Cordani, Eleonora Colombo, Elisa Pelosin, Ellen Vanzeir, Fedrica Vannetti, Filippo Gerli, Francesco Maranta, Gianna Riccitelli, Guido Pasquini, Holly Wilkinson, Irene Mosca, James Braisher, Jessica Baird, Jessica Podda, Jimmy Morecraft, Joke Lenaerts, Juliana Puopolo, K Algie, L Kenton, L Toll, Lt Madsen, L Knevels, L Lee, L Pedullà, M Cellerino, James Braisher, M-Lk Jørgensen, M Pardini, M Sibilia, M Nabarro, Md Diedmann, M Dibenedetto, M Curran, M Koch, M D'Hooge, N Moore, Nd Weerdt, P Preziosa, P Pajak, P Silic, Rb Walters, R Finegan, R Veldkamp, R Hernandez, R Donnee, S Casagrande, S Lancia, Sd Bella, S Vandecasteele, V Vandael

School of Health Professions

Background Cognitive dysfunction in people with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis can improve with cognitive rehabilitation or exercise. Similar effects have not been clearly shown in people with progressive multiple sclerosis. We aimed to investigate the individual and synergistic effects of cognitive rehabilitation and exercise in patients with progressive multiple sclerosis. Methods CogEx was a randomised, sham-controlled trial completed in 11 hospital clinics, universities, and rehabilitation centres in Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Italy, UK, and USA. Patients with progressive multiple sclerosis were eligible for inclusion if they were aged 25–65 years and had an Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score of less than …

Rice Biomass Response To Various Phosphorus Fertilizers In A Phosphorus-Deficient Soil Under Simulated Furrow-Irrigation, Jonathan B. Brye, Kristofor R. Brye, Diego Della Lunga

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Wastewater-recovered phosphorus (P), in the form of the mineral struvite (MgNH4PO4∙6H2O), may provide a sustainable alternative to decreasing rock-phosphate reserves. Struvite can be generated via precipitation methods, potentially reducing the amount of P runoff to aquatic ecosystems. The objective of this greenhouse tub study was to evaluate the effects of chemically and electrochemically precipitated struvite (CPST and ECST, respectively) on aboveground plant response in a hybrid rice cultivar grown using furrow-irrigation compared to other common fertilizer-P sources [i.e., triple super phosphate (TSP) and diammonium phosphate (DAP)] using three replications of fertilizer treatment in a P-deficient silt loam (Typic Glossaqualfs). Aboveground …

Comment On: Association Between Vitamin D And Cardiovascular Health: Myth Or Fact? A Narrative Review Of The Evidence, William B. Grant, Fatme Al Anouti, Barbara J. Boucher

All Works

No abstract provided.

Association Of The Gut Microbiota With Clinical Variables In Obese And Lean Emirati Subjects, Manal Ali Ahmad, Mirey Karavetian, Carole Ayoub Moubareck, Gabi Wazz, Tarek Mahdy, Koen Venema

All Works

Background: Growing evidence supports the role of gut microbiota in obesity, yet exact associations remain largely unknown. Specifically, very little is known about this association in the Emirati population. Methods: We explored differences in gut microbiota composition, particularly the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio, between 43 obese and 31 lean adult Emirate counterparts, and its association with obesity markers, by using V3-V4 regions of 16 S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing data. Furthermore, we collected anthropometric and biochemical data. Results: The two major phyla in obese and lean groups were Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. We observed a significantly lower alpha diversity (Shannon index) in …

The Resilience Of American Indian And Alaska Native Older Adults In The Context Of Major Health Disparities In Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes, Asthma, And Arthritis: A Narrative Review, Ennis Frank Vaile

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Background: Multiple major health disparities have been documented in Indian Country, including cardiovascular disease (Howard et al., 1999), diabetes (Acton et al., 2003), asthma (Mannino et al., 2002), and arthritis (Barbour et al., 2017). Prior research has shown that the prevalence rates of these conditions in American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) are among the highest in the United States. Given these health disparities, aging older adults in Indian Country may be especially vulnerable to the development of concurrent negative mental health outcomes, particularly depression (Garrett et al., 2015). Nonetheless, AI/AN older adults continue to age successfully and exhibit substantial …

In The Weeds, Bianca J. Jensen

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

No abstract provided.

Influence Of Exercise On Brown, White And Beige Adipocytes, Anna C. Covington

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

No abstract provided.

Ecosystem Phosphorus Nutrition: A Soil Process Investigation, Alanna Nicole Shaw

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Many Earth System Models (ESMs) predict a plant fertilization effect associated with elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations that may increase the capacity of the biosphere to store carbon, stabilizing or even reducing atmospheric CO2 concentrations. This could plausibly mitigate global climate change. However, this effect is only possible in the absence of other limiting factors, such as the availability of nutrients like phosphorus (P). Critical uncertainties remain in our understanding of the soil biogeochemical controls of terrestrial P availability including: the response of soil P recycling rates to global climate warming and extent to which occluded soil P is …

Consumers' Willingness To Pay For An Animal Welfare Food Label, Matthew Gorton, Ching Hua Yeh, Elena Chatzopoulou, John White, Barbara Tocco, Carmen Hubbard, Fiona Hallam

Plymouth Business School

Consumers increasingly rate the ethical dimensions of food production, including animal welfare, as important to them but how these concerns influence their food choices remains unclear. To address this, a Discrete Choice Experiment assesses consumers' willingness to pay for chicken meat. The study aims to understand the effects of food labels (RSPCA Assured and Red Tractor), cause-related marketing campaigns, and price on consumers' willingness to pay. Drawing on a representative sample of 401 British consumers, we estimate a mixed logit model using the hierarchical Bayesian estimation method. The results for the full sample reveal a substantial price premium associated with …

End-Of-Life Care In The Last Three Months Before Death In Older Patients With Cancer In Belgium: A Large Retrospective Cohort Study Using Data Linkage, Victoria Depoorter, Katrijn Vanschoenbeek, Lore Decoster, Geert Silversmit, Philip R. Debruyne, Inge De Groof, Dominique Bron, Frank Cornélis, Sylvie Luce, Christian Focan, Vincent Verschaeve, Gwenaëlle Debugne, Christine Langenaeken, Heidi Van Den Bulck, Jean Charles Goeminne, Wesley Teurfs, Guy Jerusalem, Dirk Schrijvers, Bénédicte Petit, Marika Rasschaert, Jean Philippe Praet, Katherine Vandenborre, Harlinde De Schutter, Koen Milisen, Johan Flamaing, Cindy Kenis, Freija Verdoodt, Hans Wildiers

School of Nursing and Midwifery

This study aims to describe end-of-life (EOL) care in older patients with cancer and investigate the association between geriatric assessment (GA) results and specialized palliative care (SPC) use. Older patients with a new cancer diagnosis (2009–2015) originally included in a previous multicentric study were selected if they died before the end of follow-up (2019). At the time of cancer diagnosis, patients underwent geriatric screening with Geriatric 8 (G8) followed by GA in case of a G8 score ≤14/17. These data were linked to the cancer registry and healthcare reimbursement data for follow-up. EOL care was assessed in the last three …

Knowledge Sharing And Referral Practices By Traditional Birth Attendants In Low-Income Urban Areas Of Southwest Nigeria, Janet O. Adekannbi, Joy O. Oluwafemi

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Traditional birth attendants (TBAs) are important for maternal health care especially in Africa’s low-income areas. Without doubt, the relevance of TBAs in developing countries such as Nigeria is not expected to reduce in the foreseeable future. The knowledge of traditional birth attendants will continue to be needed and considering the tacit nature of their knowledge, there is a need to preserve the knowledge in this profession and promote sharing of best practices to prevent maternal mortality issues. This study investigated the knowledge sharing (KS) and referral practices of TBAs in low-income urban areas of South-west Nigeria. Qualitative approach was adopted …

Comparative Effect Of Probiotic And/Or Canola Seed, Canola Meal And Canola Oil Dietary Supplementation On Growth Performance, Blood Component, Antioxidant Status And Immune Response In Growing Rabbits, Merna M. M. Al-Rakhawi, Hayam M. A. Abo El-Maaty, Engy F. Risha, Fatma M. Abdelhamid

Mansoura Veterinary Medical Journal

Objective: This study investigated the effects of probiotics- Progut® (PG) and/or canola seed (CS), canola meal (CM), and canola oil (CO) on the growth performance, blood components, antioxidant status, and immune response in rabbits.

Design: Randomized controlled study.

Animals: One hundred and twenty rabbits were used.

Procedures: Rabbits were assigned into 8 groups: control non supplemented group and the other supplemented groups including; PG, CS , CS+PG , CM, CM+PG, CO, and CO+PG. Growth performance, liver and kidney biomarkers, lipid profile, antioxidant markers, and immunological parameters were determined at the end of the study.

Results:. CM and CO had the …

Pathological, Ultrastructural And Haematological Studies On The Simultaneous Effect Of Dietary Supplementation With Lauric And Benzoic Acids On Nile Tilapia, Abdelaziz M. Rabea, Iman Ibrahim, Hebatallah A. Mahgoub, Ahmed El- Shaieb

Mansoura Veterinary Medical Journal

Objective: To evaluate the simultaneous effect of dietary acidifier lauric and benzoic acids on immunohematological parameters and histopathological changes in O. niloticus.

Design: Randomized controlled study.

Animal Models: The experiment was performed on 120 juvenile Nile tilapia weighing (50 ± 6.14 g).

Procedures: Fish were divided into four experimental groups (30 fish/group): Control group received normal diet; Benzoic Acid group was supplemented with benzoic acid 1 g/kg diet); Lauric Acid group was supplemented with lauric acid (1 g/kg diet); combination group was supplemented with benzoic acid (1 g/kg diet) and lauric acid (1 g/kg diet). Supplements were applied for 30 …