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Wear Behavior Of In-Situ Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Fe-8ni Alloy With Zr Additions, Mustafa Tekin, Faiz Muhaffel, Hasan Kotan, Murat Baydoğan

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

In this study, in-situ oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) Fe91Ni8Zr1 and Fe88Ni8Zr4 alloys were produced by combination of high energy mechanical alloying (HEMA) and high temperature equal channel angular extrusion (HT-ECAE). The wear behaviors of the consolidated samples were investigated under different loads from 1 N to 4 N by reciprocating wear tests at room temperature. The Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the wear tracks to analyze the wear characteristics as a function of applied loads. The relative comparison of the wear results showed that under the lower loads of 1 N and 2 N, Fe88Ni8Zr4 alloy has …

Investigations Of Structural Modifications, Physical And Optical Properties Of Lead Boro-Tellurite Glasses Doped With Europium Trioxide For Possible Optical Switching Applications, G. V. Jagadeesha Gowda, G. V. Ashok Reddy, Bheemaiah Eraiah, Chinnappa Reddy Devaraja

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

This manuscript intends to the structural modifications, and physical and optical properties of a set of heavy metal alkali boro-tellurite glasses doped with Eu2O3. These glasses were produced by a conservative melt-quenching method. The existence of non-crystalline properties in the glasses was ascertained by X-ray diffraction analysis. The structural modifications were noticed by MAS-NMR spectroscopic investigation. Physical properties such as density, molar volume, oxygen packing density, average boron-boron separation, interionic distance, and polaron radius have been calculated by a suitable approach. The optical absorption studies were made through UV-visible absorption spectroscopy in the 350 nm to 800 nm wavelength range. …

Preparation Of Ga2o3-Modified Sulfated Zirconia Mesopore And Its Application On Cellobiose Hydrolysis, Addy Rachmat, Rizki Dwifahmi, Nova Yuliasari, Ady Mara, Desnelli Desnelli

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Heterogeneous catalyst plays vital role in biomass processing due to slow rate of biological and naturally pathway processes. Solid acid sulfated zirconia (SZ) is a promising catalyst with properties that can be tuned up. Sulfated zirconia was successfully modified by 2%, 5% and 10% (wt.) Ga2O3 (xGa-SZ; x = 2, 5 and 10) via template-assisted sol-gel method. The catalysts were characterized through various method (XRD, SEM-EDS and Gas Sorption analysis) and applied on hydrolysis of cellobiose, a model compound of cellulose. Diffraction pattern showed xGa-SZ formed completely tetragonal phase whereas un-promoted SZ contains mixed phase of monoclinic and tetragonal. Acidity …

Quantum-Based First-Principles Study Of Gas Molecules (O2 , Co2 , No2 ) Interaction On Monolayer Germanene, Arief Hermanto, Harmon Prayogi, Ari Dwi Nugraheni, Juliasih Partini, Sholihun Sholihun

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

We perform calculations of the adsorption energy of O2, CO2, and NO2 molecules on germanene by using the density functional theory (DFT). We find two favorable configurations for O2, the U-site and V-site configurations with similar adsorption energies of -4.10 and -4.32 eV. As for NO2, we find two favorable configurations, the T-site and DB-site configurations. The T-site configuration is 0.98 eV more stable than the IB-site one, and both configurations are chemically adsorbed by germanene. On the contrary for CO2, we find a T-site configuration with adsorption energy of 0.42 eV and the configuration physically adsorbed by germanene.

Fake News Detection Using Natural Language Processing, Fabiolla Mayrink Costa, Rael Guimaraes

ICT

Nowadays with the advance of technologies we have vast access to any sort of information. We are able to use our phone/computer to access the news of any part of the world. It is great to keep us informed about everything that is happening around the world. It is also a powerful tool used for companies while making strategic business decisions. The biggest issue is that technology can and is being used to manipulate people/companies by propagating fake news. Fake news can mislead people's perceptions while forming opinions on a determined subject. It can also have a big impact on …

Comments Of The Cordell Institute On Ai Accountability, Neil M. Richards, Woodrow Hartzog, Jordan Francis

Scholarship@WashULaw

These comments are a response to the National Telecommunications and Information Administration's 2023 request for comment on AI accountability (AI Accountability RFC, NTIA–2023–0005).

Responding to NTIA’s recent inquiry into AI assurance and accountability, we offer two main arguments regarding the importance of substantive legal protections. First, a myopic focus on concepts of transparency, bias mitigation, and ethics (for which procedural compliance efforts such as audits, assessments, and certifications are proxies) is insufficient when it comes to the design and implementation of accountable AI systems. We call rules built around transparency and bias mitigation “AI half-measures,” because they provide the appearance …

Cultivating Connection: Fanua And Environmental Stewardship In Samoan Youth, Julia Stern , '25

Senior Theses, Projects, and Awards

This study explores how the concept of fanua is cultivated in Samoan youth. Fanua can be simply defined as land, but the term more deeply encompasses the inherent and reciprocal connection between Samoans and their natural environment. In a world increasingly disconnected with the natural world due to technology and globalization, Samoans have been able to maintain a strong connection with their environment. This study looks at the family, the formal schooling system, and other lived experiences of Samoan youth as mechanisms through which fanua is taught and learned. Eleven talanoa sessions were conducted with teachers, parents, and Samoan youth …

Are Lawyers’ Case Selection Decisions Biased? A Field Experiment On Access To Justice, Jens Frankenreiter, Michael A. Livermore

Scholarship@WashULaw

The attorney-client relationship is pivotal in providing access to courts. This paper presents results from a large-scale field experiment exploring how demographic information (encoded in potential clients’ names) affects how attorneys respond to initial inquiries in private injury cases. On the basis of prior literature, we hypothesize that race is a significant factor, but we also explore race and gender interactions. We find that ostensibly Black or Hispanic inquirers receive fewer responses than ostensibly White inquirers, a result largely driven by preferential treatment of White female inquirers. The racial disparities are larger than those previously documented in contexts such as …

Natural Language Processing In Legal Tech, Jens Frankenreiter, Julian Nyarko

Scholarship@WashULaw

Natural language processing techniques promise to automate an activity that lies at the core of many tasks performed by lawyers, namely the extraction and processing of information from unstructured text. The relevant methods are thought to be a key ingredient for both current and future legal tech applications. This chapter provides a non-technical overview of the current state of NLP techniques, focusing on their promise and potential pitfalls in the context of legal tech applications. It argues that, while NLP-powered legal tech can be expected to outperform humans in specific categories of tasks that play to the strengths of current …

Ict Security Tools And Techniques Among Higher Education Institutions: A Critical Review, Miko Nuñez, Xavier-Lewis Palmer, Lucas Potter, Chris Jordan Aliac, Lemuel Clark Velasco

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Higher education institutions (HEIs) are increasingly relying on digital technologies for classroom and organizational management, but this puts them at higher risk for information and communication (ICT security attacks. Recent studies show that HEIs have experienced more security breaches in ICT security composed of both cybersecurity an information security. A literature review was conducted to identify common ICT security practices in HEIs over the last decade. 11 journal articles were profiled and analyzed, revealing threats to HEIs’ security and protective measures in terms of organizational security, technological security, physical security, and standards and frameworks. Security tools and techniques were grouped …

Asynchronous Student Engagement In Analysis Of Climate Data Achieves Learning Objectives Related To Climate Change Understanding, Statistical Competence, And Climate Anxiety, Thomas Meixner, B. Ciancarelli, E. P. Farrell, D. Silva Garcia, T. Josek, M. M. Kelly, Paul Antone Meister, D. Soule, Rebekka Darner

Faculty Publications – Biological Sciences

Learning in asynchronous online environments has gained importance over the last several decades, and educational environment shifts from the COVID-19 pandemic appear to have increased this need. Science educators and students need information about which approaches work in the asynchronous environment where informal feedback tends to be reduced, compared to other teaching modalities. In this study, we asynchronously implemented a learning module across 5 institutions that guided students (N = 199) from prescriptive data analysis through guided inquiry and eventually to open inquiry. The module focuses on the science behind climate change. Students work with the same authentic data sets …

Technology In The Classroom And Its Impacts On Student Achievement, Vivian Cummins

Undergraduate Theses, Professional Papers, and Capstone Artifacts

In this paper, we will discuss the issue regarding student achievement at Frenchtown High School that I decided to research and remedy. In doing so, we will also discuss the research-based methods of intervention I chose to implement in my classroom in order to assist me with my research.

The Impact Of Teacher Student Relationship On The Academic, Behavioral And Socioemotional Growth And Development Of Students Aged Pre-K To 12, Graciella Arrascue

Education Theses

Fostering strong relationships with students is a pedagogical approach which can benefit both students and teachers. This research analyzed the application of this methodology in classrooms with students aged pre-k to 12. Based on this research, teacher student relationships can positively benefit student outcomes in academic, behavioral, and social emotional areas. The findings show how to establish these strong relationships, how relationships are a tool for classroom management and how relationships affect student motivation.

Negotiating Infrastructural Citizenship Beyond The State: Philanthropy, Non-Profit Organizations, And The Flint Water Crisis, Melissa Heil

Faculty Publications - Geography, Geology, and the Environment

The urban infrastructure literature has explored how infrastructure is tied to the politics of citizenship: states’ use of infrastructure to include/exclude populations and marginalized populations’ use of infrastructure to claim fuller citizenship. Often, this literature focuses on the relationship between governments and city dwellers, neglecting the role of other actors, like NGOs and philanthropic organizations, that influence infrastructural citizenship. A hallmark of neoliberalism in the Global North has been the transfer of responsibilities from the state to the non-profit sector, increasing these organizations’ power to shape urban citizenship. This paper examines how non-profit organizations participate in the politics of infrastructural …

A Geospatial Approach To Assessing The Impact Of Agroecological Knowledge And Practice On Crop Health In A Smallholder Agricultural Context, Daniel Kpienbaareh, Jinfei Wang, Isaac Luginaah, Rachel Bezner Kerr, Esther Lupafya, Laifolo Dakishoni

Faculty Publications - Geography, Geology, and the Environment

In the context of food insecurity in resource-poor settings, agroecology (AE) has emerged as an important approach promoted for improving crop productivity, yet few studies have demonstrated how a combination of agroecological methods can improve crop health and thereby crop productivity. Using a geospatial approach, this study investigated whether agroecological practices can improve crop health in smallholder contexts. We compared leaf area indexes (LAIs) of crops on AE and non-AE farms and prospectively predicted the impact of AE using vegetation indexes (VIs). We found that crops on AE farms produced higher average growing season LAIs for maize and pigeon peas …

People Move, Policies Don’T: Discursive Partition Against Climate-Impacted Dwellers In Urbanizing Bangladesh, Efadul Huq, Tanzil Shafique

Environmental Science and Policy: Faculty Publications

In Bangladesh, internal climate displacement will continue pushing millions to the urbanizing centres where migrants make homes in informal settlements. These settlements, too, are sites for climate hazards such as heat stress and flooding, affecting climate-displaced and economic migrants alike. The demands of growing migrant populations and long-term informal settlement dwellers converge around rights to secure land and housing, acknowledged in policies at both national and urban scales. Yet, settlements continue to face evictions, revealing a significant mismatch between policy aspirations and concrete urban planning strategies. Based on our ongoing research in the informal settlements of Dhaka, Bangladesh, we point …

Food Fan Academy: Boosting Informal Educators Abilities To Use Food As A Teaching Tool, Kelly Furr

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Introduction: Food, fitness, and nutrition (FAN) professional development (PD) for informal educators can serve to impact science, technology, engineering, art, mathematics, and medicine (STEAM+M) learning environments. Using food as a teaching tool in shaping the development of informal educators and education of students offers a unique opportunity for the acquisition of scientific knowledge and essential skills. The purpose of this study was to develop a Food FAN Academy for informal educators and evaluate the effectiveness of the PD. Methods: Case study method was utilized for the research study and the Food FAN Academy PD was a two-hour session designed in …

Effectiveness Of The Catch (Coordinated Approach To Child’S Health) Rainbow Program In Elementary Schools For Change In Fruit And Vegetable Intake, Ashley M. Valinskas

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Background: There is currently a lack of nutrition education programs that effectively increase fruit and vegetable (FV) intake among children. Not meeting the recommendations for fruits and vegetables increases the risk for poor academic achievement, obesity, and chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, asthma, and more. Nutrition, cooking, and gardening lessons individually and together have shown to increase fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption in school-aged children.Methods: Two-Hundred Twenty-five 4th and 5th graders participated in six cooking and six gardening lessons between September 2021 and May 2022 at Genoa Elementary school. Each nutrition education session was 25-minutes long, …

Applications For Functional Data Analysis, Kacy D. Kane

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Functional Data Analysis is often used in the study of data that exists over a continuum, such as time. There are two datasets that will be considered here. For the first study we have a dataset on the efficacy of a lobectomy in reduction or elimination of epileptic seizures in patients. After an initial analysis of the dataset from a multinomial model perspective, we found that there were outliers in our dataset. From there, we considered a Multinomial Mixture Model to aid in the detection of outliers. In our second dataset we are considering a social robotics dataset where the …

Macroeconomic Factors Influencing Foreign Direct Investment In Some Selected Countries In Africa, Richard Essel Mensah

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

This paper investigates the possible factors that influence foreign direct investment inflow rate to Africa after controlling for other macroeconomic factors. Using the heterogenous Toeplitz mixed method on a sample of 23 countries from 1998 – 2020, we find evidence of the statistical significance of a relationship between the amount of trade done in Africa and the FDI inflow rate in Africa. We also find a statistical relationship between the labor force participation rate and the FDI inflow rate to Africa. Although the Fixed effect and GLM method did not find the relationship between LFP rate and FDI inflow to …

Nigerian Fastest Growing Churches And Their Intersection With The Poor, With Poverty And With Poverty Alleviation, Chinyereugo Euphemia Adeliyi

ATS Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Calibration And Multiple Reliability Assessments Of A Scrum Machine Instrumented To Measure Force, Eric Alexander Martin, Steven B. Kim, George K. Beckham

Kinesiology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Coaches need reliable methods of quantifying rugby union scrum force performance in order to make data-driven decisions. The purpose of this study is to present the reliability of a replicable instrumented scrum machine. We performed 3 phases of deadweight calibration on 8 S-type load cells; during deadweight calibration, each load cell was loaded with ~20–200 kg. Phase 1 compared power sources (wall outlet vs. portable power station). Phase 2 tested the inter-session reliability of the load cells after 15, 30, 45, 60, and 420 min of run time. Phase 3 tested between-session reliability, comparing days 0, 1, 7, and 180. …

A Cross-Sectional Examination Of Wrist Wrap Use Prevalence And Characterization For Ergogenic Purposes In Actively Competing Powerlifters, Dillon Harris, Thomas Cardaci, Harry Cintineo, Richard Pham, Kristen Dunsmore, Leslee Funderburk, Steven Machek

Kinesiology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Purpose: Wrist wraps are regularly incorporated by competitive powerlifters, but several product-specific variations may influence any potential ergogenic benefits. In addition, the prevalence of athletic wrist wrap use is hitherto undescribed.

Methods: Seventy actively competing powerlifters (n=70; 27±6y) who competed in the last two years were randomly recruited at sanctioned meets, whereby wrist wrap use descriptive data (wrap style [F or S], wrap length, and events used), wrap tightness (assessed via pulse oximeter-detected oxygen saturation (SpO2) and subjective discomfort [Borg CR10+]), as well as post-meet bench press one repetition maximum (1RM) were collected. Wrist wrap use prevalence data (wrap style, …

Shinycore: An R/Shiny Program For Establishing Core Collection Based On Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Data, Steven Kim, Dong Sub Kim, Hana Moyle, Seong Heo

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Managing and investigating all available genetic resources are challenging. As an alternative, breeders and researchers use core collection—a representative subset of the entire collection. A good core is characterized by high genetic diversity and low repetitiveness. Among the several available software, GenoCore uses a coverage criterion that does not require computationally expensive distance-based metrics.

Results: ShinyCore is a new method to select a core collection through two phases. The first phase uses the coverage criterion to quickly attain a fixed coverage, and the second phase uses a newly devised score (referred to as the rarity score) to further enhance …

Estimating The Impact Of Environmental Management On Strawberry Yield Using Publicly Available Agricultural Data In South Korea, Steven Kim, Jung Su Jo, Vicky Luk, Sung Kyeom Kim, Dong Sub Kim

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Advanced information and communication technologies (ICTs) have made data collection more efficient for agricultural studies. Using publicly available database in South Korea, we estimated the relationship between the management of air temperature and relative humidity and the strawberry yield during two harvest seasons. Longitudinal data of multiple greenhouses were merged and processed, and mixed-effects models were applied to account both observed and unobserved factors across the greenhouses. The averages of air temperature and relative humidity inside each greenhouse do not take volatility of the time-varying variables into consideration, so we assessed the management of each greenhouse by the percent of …

Contemplative Medicine: A Practical Approach To “Well-Being 2.0” In Medicine, Anne Kennard, Tieraona Low Dog, Jennifer Clinkenbeard, Deirdre Pachman, David Iozzi

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Objective: To examine the relationship between Contemplative Medicine training and clinician burnout.

Methods: Clinicians underwent a 12 month training program in Contemplative Medicine, which addresses several of the “Well-being 2.0” framework elements. An uncontrolled pre and post test study design was used with the validated Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) as the study tool to evaluate efficacy of the program.

Results: Participants demonstrated improvement in burnout levels after the intervention. There were significant differences at the 0.05 significance level or better on all three scales of the MBI instrument when comparing baseline to follow-up responses, including emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and sense …

Applying Organizational Learning Theories To Continuous Improvement Practices Through Self-Study Methodology To Better Reflect Upon And Understand Factors That Influence School Improvement Efforts, Morgan Daniel Gallagher

Dissertations

The purpose of this self-study is to better understand and address the factors that influence continuous improvement efforts led by the researcher/practitioner. To this end, this study applies Bolman and Deal’s 4-frame model of organizational learning lenses to school improvement indicators on the Illinois 5Essentials Survey. Through taking Bolman and Deal’s Online 4-frame Self-assessment, I am able to identify the organizational learning lens least integrated into my own leadership worldview. The organizational learning lenses that comprise Bolman and Deal’s 4-frame model are the structural, symbolic, human resource, and political lenses. I then apply core tenets of my least integrated lens …

Method Development For The Quantification Of Heavy Metals In Biological Matrices And Its Application To Clinical And Environmental Samples, Michelle Catherine Gende

Dissertations

A three-fold approach was taken to develop a method for the detection of heavy metals in different matrices and had to be performed sequentially. The first was to develop a method capable of quantifying lead in complex matrices by graphite furnace atomic absorption (GFAA). The developed method needed to meet specific analytical requirements, namely, to be robust, sensitive, and accurate. Initially, four different sample preparation methods were explored for the quantification of lead using Escherichia coli (E. coli) as a sample matrix. The sample preparation procedures attempted were acidic dilution, matrix modification, conventional heating digestion, and microwave assisted acid digestion …

Reconstructing The Kantian Ends Of Reason: Holiness Analytically Entailing Beatitude In An Eternal Highest Good, Anthony Gudwien

Dissertations

This dissertation argues that an eternal highest good is the final end of sensible, rational agents. This final end occurs in a noumenal world – what I have labelled World Four – that has holiness analytically entailing beatitude. However, before meritorious moral agents are incorporated into this final noumenal world, they will exist in three prior worlds. World One is our current phenomenal world where sensible, rational agents can adopt a maxim to resolutely pursue holiness. World Two, which is made possible by the immortal soul postulate, is where sensible, rational agents continue their resolute pursuit in order to become …

Editorial: Personalism And Moral Psychology: Re-Humanizing Economies And Organizations, Kleio Akrivou, Caleb Bernacchio, Domenec Melé, Germán Scalzo

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

No abstract provided.