Digital Commons Network^™

Machine Learning Framework For Real-World Electronic Health Records Regarding Missingness, Interpretability, And Fairness, Jing Lucas Liu

Theses and Dissertations--Computer Science

Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques have shown promising results in healthcare applications using Electronic Health Records (EHRs) data. However, their adoption in real-world healthcare settings is hindered by three major challenges. Firstly, real-world EHR data typically contains numerous missing values. Secondly, traditional ML/DL models are typically considered black-boxes, whereas interpretability is required for real-world healthcare applications. Finally, differences in data distributions may lead to unfairness and performance disparities, particularly in subpopulations.

This dissertation proposes methods to address missing data, interpretability, and fairness issues. The first work proposes an ensemble prediction framework for EHR data with large missing …

The Basil Technique: Bias Adaptive Statistical Inference Learning Agents For Learning From Human Feedback, Jonathan Indigo Watson

Theses and Dissertations--Computer Science

We introduce a novel approach for learning behaviors using human-provided feedback that is subject to systematic bias. Our method, known as BASIL, models the feedback signal as a combination of a heuristic evaluation of an action's utility and a probabilistically-drawn bias value, characterized by unknown parameters. We present both the general framework for our technique and specific algorithms for biases drawn from a normal distribution. We evaluate our approach across various environments and tasks, comparing it to interactive and non-interactive machine learning methods, including deep learning techniques, using human trainers and a synthetic oracle with feedback distorted to varying degrees. …

Deep Learning Models For Ct Image Standardization, Md Selim

Theses and Dissertations--Computer Science

Multicentric CT imaging studies often encounter images acquired with scanners from different vendors or using different reconstruction algorithms. This leads to inconsistencies in noise level, sharpness, and edge enhancement, resulting in a lack of homogeneity in radiomic characteristics. These inconsistencies create significant variations in radiomic features and ambiguity in data sharing across different institutions. Therefore, normalizing CT images acquired using non-standardized protocols is vital for decision-making in cross-center large-scale data sharing and radiomics studies. To address this issue, we present four end-to-end deep-learning-based models for CT image standardization and normalization. The first two models require paired training data and can …

Structured Attention For Image Analysis, Xin Xing

Theses and Dissertations--Computer Science

Attention mechanism, an approach to maintain the local and global features over the input, is the crucial element of the Transformer. This dissertation explores structured attention for image analysis, proposing attention-based methods for multi-label learning and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) diagnosis.
For the multi-label learning task, I present two works under the Vision Transformer (ViT) framework. The first work focuses on supervised learning of multi-label classification. I address the problems of the multi-label classification and propose a model named AssocFormer, which adopts the association module to access the objects’ association relationship to improve the model performance. The second work addresses the …

Biomolecules From Macroalgae-Nutritional Profile And Bioactives For Novel Food Product Development, Laura E. Healy, Xianglu Zhu, Milica Pojić, Carl Sullivan, Uma Tiwari, James Curtin, Brijesh K Tiwari

Articles

Seaweed is in the spotlight as a promising source of nutrition for humans as the search for sustainable food production systems continues. Seaweed has a well-documented rich nutritional profile containing compounds such as polyphenols, carotenoids and polysaccharides as well as proteins, fatty acids and minerals. Seaweed processing for the extraction of functional ingredients such as alginate, agar, and carrageenan is well-established. Novel pretreatments such as ultrasound assisted extraction or high-pressure processing can be incorporated to more efficiently extract these targeted ingredients. The scope of products that can be created using seaweed are wide ranging: from bread and noodles to yoghurt …

Triplet Sensitization Enables Bidirectional Isomerization Of Diazocine With 130 Nm Redshift In Excitation Wavelengths, Jussi Isokuortti, Thomas Griebenow, Jan-Simon Von Glasenapp, Tim Raeker, Timo Laaksonen, Rainer Herges, Nikita A. Durandin

Articles

Diazocines are bridged azobenzenes with phenyl rings connected by a CH2–CH2 group. Despite this rather small structural difference, diazocine exhibits improved properties over azobenzene as a photoswitch and most importantly, its Z configuration is more stable than the E isomer. Herein, we reveal yet another unique feature of this emerging class of photoswitches. In striking contrast to azobenzenes and other photochromes, diazocine can be selectively switched in E / Z direction and most intriguingly from its thermodynamically stable Z to metastable E isomer upon successive excitation of two different triplet sensitizers present in solution at the same time. This approach …

The Biological Responses Of Vitamin K2: A Comprehensive Review, Quanxiang Yan, Tao Zhang, Christine O'Connor, James W. Barlow, John Walsh, Gaia Scalabrino, Feng Xu, Helan Sheridan

Articles

Vitamin K1 (VitK1) and Vitamin K2 (VitK2), two important naturally occurring micronutrients in the VitK family, found, respectively, in green leafy plants and algae (VitK1) and animal and fermented foods (VitK2). The present review explores the multiple biological functions of VitK2 from recently published in vitro and in vivo studies, including promotion of osteogenesis, prevention of calcification, relief of menopausal symptoms, enhancement of mitochondrial energy release, hepato-and neuro-protective effects, and possible use in treatment of coronavirus disease. The mechanisms of action associated with these biological effects are also explored. Overall, the findings presented here suggest that VitK, especially VitK2, is …

Boundedness Of Bergman Projections Acting On Weighted Mixed Norm Spaces, Ivana Savkovic

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

We prove that Bergman projections on weighted mixed norm spaces on smoothly bounded domains in $\mathbb{R}^n$ are bounded for a certain range of parameters of such spaces and assuming certain conditions on weights. The proof relies on estimates of integral means of $M_p(P_\gamma f, r)$ in terms of integral means of $f$. This result complements earlier result on boundedness of $P_\gamma$ on a closely related space $L^{p,q}_\alpha(\Omega).$

Between Graphical Zonotope And Graph-Associahedron, Marko Pesovic, Tanja Stojadinovic

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

This manuscript introduces a finite collection of generalized permutohedra associated to a simple graph. The first polytope of this collection is the graphical zonotope of the graph, and the last is the graph-associahedron associated to it. We describe the weighted integer points enumerators for polytopes in this collection as Hopf algebra morphisms of combinatorial Hopf algebras of decorated graphs. In the last section, we study some properties related to $\mathcal{H}$-polytopes.

Communiqué: College Of Humanities, Arts & Sciences Alumni Magazine, Volume 11, Winter 2023-2024, University Of Northern Iowa. College Of Humanities, Arts, And Sciences.

Communiqué: College of Humanities, Arts & Sciences Alumni Magazine

Contents:

EVERY ISSUE
Message from the Dean --- 4
Donor Feature --- 5
CHAS Briefs --- 38
Class Notes --- 44

FEATURES
Cave Research --- 6
From Student to CEO --- 10
Alum Opens Math Museum --- 14
New Class ExploresVideo Game Music --- 18
Wise Broadway Tour --- 24
Public Art Incubator --- 28
Alum Finds Success as Celebrity Videographer --- 34

STORIES
Science Trip to Iceland --- 22
Clinical Ethicist Alumnus --- 32
Computer Education Grant --- 33
ESL Program Grant --- 40
Floral Macrophotography --- 42

A Beginner's Guide To Cryptocurrencies: Explaining The Technologies Behind Cryptocurrencies, How The United States Taxes And Regulates Them, And Offering Changes To The Existing Taxation And Regulation Schemes, J. Merritt Francis

Law Student Publications

The United States federal government has attempted to use its existing regulatory and taxation schemes to regulate and tax cryptocurrencies, while many individuals are still unsure as to what cryptocurrency really is. The Securities and Exchange Commission and the Commodities Future Trading Commission have both asserted their jurisdiction over cryptocurrency, resulting in unclear guidance for developers in the cryptocurrency space and a failure to adequately protect investors. Further, the Internal Revenue Service taxes cryptocurrency like a security rather than a currency, which disincentivizes adopting cryptocurrency as a form of payment. Nevertheless, although cryptocurrencies are taxed like securities, there are tax …

2023-2024 Myth And Science Program Overview, Suny Geneseo

Myth and Science, 2023-24

Academic year 2023-24 was the inaugural year of Ideas That Matter with the theme Myth and Science. Geneseo saw a partial eclipse on October 14, 2023 and a total solar eclipse on Monday, April 8, 2024. On this day we celebrated the highlight of our yearlong “Myth and Science.” Classes were canceled due to Geneseo’s position in the path of totality for the solar eclipse.

Myth and science as an Idea That Matters invites participation and investigation beyond the phenomenon of a solar eclipse, as well. The college community participated in events and learning opportunities throughout the year.

This document …

Actividad 3: ¡Advertencia!, Patrick Young

Tema 5: ¿Por qué la gallina cruzó la calle?

En un ciclo de ingeniería y diseño se producen múltiples repeticiones de diseño. Esto es así desde el inicio de la idea hasta la instalación de una estructura de paso para animales. En el diseño hay que tener en cuenta más factores que los mencionados anteriormente, como la temperatura, las precipitaciones, el tráfico de vehículos, el ruido y los gases de escape de los vehículos.

Actividad 3: ¡Construye Rápido!, Patrick Young

Tema 1: Estructura y proceso

Uno de los costos de cualquier proyecto de carretera es el impacto económico de desviar el tráfico durante la construcción. Los métodos que minimizan las interrupciones reducen costos y suelen mejorar la seguridad. Los métodos de construcción acelerada de puentes (ABC, por sus siglas en inglés) incluyen la prefabricación de la mayor parte posible del puente fuera del lugar de la obra. Las piezas grandes se llevan al lugar y se instalan según un plan que minimiza el tiempo necesario para desviar el tráfico.

Activity 4: Testing Student-Made Concrete Decks, Patrick Young

Theme 1: Structure and Process

When a structural beam is loaded from above, the force creates compression on the upper surface and tension on the lower surface. Concrete can withstand ten times as much compression as it can tension. Since concrete is much less capable of supporting tension, it is along the bottom that steel reinforcement is most important.

Activity 3: Traffic Management, David Hernandez, Peg Steffen

Theme 3: Traffic Management

Traffic management in busy urban areas is an extremely complex problem. Issues such as traffic congestion from home to work, suburban growth, preservation of scenic landscapes and historic neighborhoods, and the ability to walk, bike, and access public transit make traffic management a challenge. Traffic Management can include lane closures, detours, pedestrian access, and speed limits. It also includes intersections engineered for safe passage of vehicles in a stream of traffic that must cross each other's paths. Complicating factors for intersections include bikes, pedestrians, and emergency vehicles.

Activity 3: Rooting For You, Karen Ye

Theme 4: Please Pass the Salt

Snow and ice removal are needed in winter for safe roads. Salt is very effective along with other chemicals, but these may cause harm to plants, wildlife, and humans. Salt seeps into groundwater and may create problems with water resources. High levels of salt affects the amount of oxygen in water, organism growth, reproduction, and food sources. Whether the chemicals cause harm to an organism depends on the amount of chemicals and how long the organism is exposed to them. Salt can also reduce soil minerals and absorb water that plants need. Other impacts on plants include leaf damage, stunted …

Activity 1: Cooler Than Me, Karen Ye

Theme 4: Please Pass the Salt

All matter is made up of atoms and molecules. Even though we can’t see them with our bare eyes, these tiny particles are constantly moving. The temperature of a substance is a measure of its average kinetic energy (the energy it has due to the motion of the particles). As the temperature increases, particles gain more energy, move more quickly and spread further apart.

No matter where one lives in Illinois, you are impacted by winter weather. Deicing and snow removal account for a large portion of state and local highway budgets. Salt is commonly used for melting snow and …

Actividad 3: Ayudándote A Crecer, Patrick Young

Tema 4: Por favor, pásame la sal

Es necesario quitar la nieve y el hielo en invierno para que las carreteras sean seguras. La sal, junto con otros productos químicos, es muy eficaz para hacerlo, pero estos pueden ocasionarle daño las plantas, a la vida silvestre y a los seres humanos. La sal se filtra al agua subterránea y puede ocasionar problemas con los suministros de agua. Los niveles elevados de sal afectan la cantidad de oxígeno en el agua, el crecimiento de los organismos, la reproducción y las fuentes de alimentos. La posibilidad de que las sustancias químicas le ocasionen daño a un organismo depende de …

Actividad 4: Consejo De Información, Patrick Young

Tema 3: Tráfico

En 1969, la Encuesta Nacional Sobre los Viajes de las Familias (NHTS, por sus siglas en inglés) comenzó a recopilar información sobre los hábitos de viaje de los estadounidenses. El tipo de transporte utilizado, la duración, la distancia y el propósito del viaje son algunos ejemplos de información recopilada a través de las encuestas. Organizaciones como compañías de seguros y de automóviles, agencias de transporte y el gobierno analizan y utilizan la información para tomar decisiones.

Actividad 4: Invierno Ecológico, Patrick Young

Tema 4: Por favor, pásame la sal

Además de la sal, existen otros materiales que se utilizan para mitigar los peligros del hielo y aumentar la tracción. Estos materiales adicionales incluyen arena, cloruro de calcio y una mezcla de salmuera y jugo de remolacha. El uso de cada método conlleva contrapartidas.

Actividad 1: Crear Una Criatura, Patrick Young

Tema 5: ¿Por qué la gallina cruzó la calle?

La fauna salvaje representa un peligro para los conductores. Los animales implicados en los accidentes de carretera tienen una gran variedad de formas, tamaños, métodos de locomoción, tolerancia al ruido y patrones de migración, así como necesidades de comida, agua y espacio.

Actividad 2: Un Poco De Sal: Folleto Para El Estudiante, Patrick Young

Tema 4: Por favor, pásame la sal

La densidad se define como la cantidad de masa que ocupa una cierta cantidad de volumen. Agregar sal o azúcar al agua aumenta su densidad, ya que hay más partículas (masa) empaquetadas en una cantidad similar de espacio (volumen). El agua de enfriamiento también puede aumentar su densidad, ya que las partículas se mueven más lentamente a temperaturas más bajas y estarán más empaquetadas. Cuando se combinan dos sustancias con diferentes densidades, la de menor densidad flotará mientras que la de mayor densidad se hundirá. Cuanto mayor sea la diferencia de densidad, más distintas serán las capas y más difícil …

Actividad 2: Control De La Ira, Patrick Young

Tema 3: Tráfico

La furia al volante suele ser el resultado de una ira explosiva causada por inconvenientes, incidentes e irresponsabilidad mientras se conduce. En su mayor parte, la furia al volante genera gritos, bocinazos, pegarse al coche de adelante, zigzaguear y bloquear el tráfico. Sin embargo, las muertes por furia al volante están aumentando. Existen estrategias para ayudar a disminuir la furia al volante. Los carteles aéreos advierten sobre el tráfico, el clima y los incidentes de coches o camiones que se avecinan. Las aplicaciones de tráfico y viaje, que ofrecen varias sugerencias de rutas, tiempos de viaje y peligros en la …

Actividad 3: Red De Semáforos, Patrick Young

Tema 3: Tráfico

La organización del tráfico en las zonas urbanas congestionadas es un problema extremadamente complejo. Uno de los desafíos fundamentales tiene lugar en las intersecciones en las que los vehículos de un flujo de tráfico deben cruzarse entre sí. Los factores que complican la situación incluyen bicicletas, peatones y vehículos de emergencia.

Una de las formas más comunes de controlar el derecho de paso en las intersecciones es el semáforo. Es más barato que construir numerosas rampas y pasos elevados, pero restringe el flujo de tráfico básicamente a una dirección a la vez. Un sistema de control activo es útil para …

Actividad 1: Romper El Embotellamiento, Patrick Young

Tema 3: Tráfico

Los modelos informáticos pueden ser excelentes herramientas para analizar sistemas complejos. En esta actividad, los estudiantes utilizarán un modelo informático basado en la web para explorar la relación entre el volumen de tráfico y el tiempo que tardan los vehículos en llegar del punto A al punto B. Luego, utilizarán el modelo para evaluar dos posibles soluciones para su ejemplo particular de congestión del tráfico. Los estudiantes compararán muestras pequeñas con muestras globales para así apreciar los beneficios de utilizar muestras aleatorias grandes.

Activity 3: Build It Fast!, Patrick Young

Theme 1: Structure and Process

One of the costs of any road project is the economic impact of rerouting traffic during the construction. Methods that minimize the disruption will reduce costs and often improve safety. Accelerated Bridge Construction (ABC) methods include prefabricating as much of the bridge as possible at an off-site location. Large parts are brought to the site and installed according to a plan that minimizes the time required to reroute traffic.

Activity 4: Green Winterization, Karen Ye

Theme 4: Please Pass the Salt

Materials other than salt are also used to mitigate the dangers of ice and increase traction. Additional materials used include sand, calcium chloride, and a mixture of salt brine and beet juice. The use of each method involves trade-offs.

05. Leadership Skills For Life, Pt. Ii, Illinois Mathematics And Science Academy

CORE

No abstract provided.

08. Leadership Situations, Illinois Mathematics And Science Academy

CORE

No abstract provided.