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2023

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Exosomal Lipid Biomarkers Of Oligodendrocyte Pathology To Predict Scoliosis In Children With Cerebral Palsy, Tamara Tatevosian-Geller, Shohreh Amini, Laura Goetzl, Solomon P Samuel, Amer Samdani, Michael E Selzer Jan 2023

Exosomal Lipid Biomarkers Of Oligodendrocyte Pathology To Predict Scoliosis In Children With Cerebral Palsy, Tamara Tatevosian-Geller, Shohreh Amini, Laura Goetzl, Solomon P Samuel, Amer Samdani, Michael E Selzer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Cerebral Palsy (CP), the most common cause of disability in children, is phenotypically heterogeneous. Approximately 20% of cases develop severe scoliosis. A pathological hallmark of CP is periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), which is due to dysmyelination, suggesting the possibility of a lipidomic abnormality. Risk factors for CP include perinatal hypoxia, prematurity, multiple gestation, ischemia, infection, and maternal alcohol consumption. There is evidence for low serum levels of omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acids in CP patients, and separately in idiopathic scoliosis. Many effects of free fatty acids (FFAs) are mediated via specific G protein-coupled free fatty acid receptors (FFARs), which play essential …


Maternal Blood Lipid Biomarkers Of Oligodendrocyte Pathology To Predict Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders, Gabriel Tatevosian, Laura Goetzl, Michael E Selzer Jan 2023

Maternal Blood Lipid Biomarkers Of Oligodendrocyte Pathology To Predict Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders, Gabriel Tatevosian, Laura Goetzl, Michael E Selzer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Up to 9.9% of children have fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), the most frequent cause of intellectual disability in the US. FASD may involve abnormal brain development, including dysmyelination, suggesting abnormal development of oligodendrocytes (OLs), which make myelin and are rich in lipids. Indeed, low serum levels of omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3) have been reported in FASD. Free fatty acids bind to specific receptors (FFARs). We have isolated cell type-specific fetal brain-derived exosomes (FB-E) from maternal blood and sampled their contents to search for lipid-related biomarkers that predict FASD.

METHODS: Blood samples were collected from two groups of pregnant …


Dna Release From Plant Tissue Using Focused Ultrasound Extraction (Fuse), Misa Winters, Eli Vlaisavljevich Jan 2023

Dna Release From Plant Tissue Using Focused Ultrasound Extraction (Fuse), Misa Winters, Eli Vlaisavljevich

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PREMISE: Sample preparation in genomics is a critical step that is often overlooked in molecular workflows and impacts the success of downstream genetic applications. This study explores the use of a recently developed focused ultrasound extraction (FUSE) technique to enable the rapid release of DNA from plant tissues for genetic analysis.

METHODS: FUSE generates a dense acoustic cavitation bubble cloud that pulverizes targeted tissue into acellular debris. This technique was applied to leaf samples of American chestnut (

RESULTS: We observed that FUSE can extract high quantities of DNA in 9-15 min, compared to the 30 min required for control …


Use Of Elamipretide In Patients Assigned Treatment In The Compassionate Use Program: Case Series In Pediatric Patients With Rare Orphan Diseases, Brynja Bjork Gunnarsdottir Jan 2023

Use Of Elamipretide In Patients Assigned Treatment In The Compassionate Use Program: Case Series In Pediatric Patients With Rare Orphan Diseases, Brynja Bjork Gunnarsdottir

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Several mitochondrial diseases are caused by pathogenic variants that impair membrane phospholipid remodeling, with no FDA-approved therapies. Elamipretide targets the inner mitochondrial membrane where it binds to cardiolipin, resulting in improved membrane stability, cellular respiration, and ATP production. In clinical trials, elamipretide produced clinical and functional improvements in adults and adolescents with mitochondrial disorders, such as primary mitochondrial myopathy and Barth syndrome; however, experience in younger patients is limited and to our knowledge, these are the first case reports on the safety and efficacy of elamipretide treatment in children under 12 years of age. We describe the use of elamipretide …


Resuspension Of Microplastics And Microrubbers In A Semi-Arid Urban Environment (Shiraz, Iran), Nafiseh Khodabakhshloo, Sajjad Abbasi, Andrew Turner Jan 2023

Resuspension Of Microplastics And Microrubbers In A Semi-Arid Urban Environment (Shiraz, Iran), Nafiseh Khodabakhshloo, Sajjad Abbasi, Andrew Turner

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Although airborne urban particles are a concern for air quality and human health, little information exists on the levels and characteristics of microplastics (MPs) and microrubbers (MRs) in this setting. In the present study, MPs and MRs are quantified and characterised in road dusts and accumulations captured passively (and up to elevations of 177 cm above road level) in the steps of utility poles at 18 locations throughout the city of Shiraz, southwest Iran. Dust accumulation rates were greatest at road level (median = 45 g m−2 month−1) and declined with elevation (median = 2.0 g m−2 month−1 at 177 …


First Dental Steps: A Multistranded Oral Health Improvement Intervention Embedded In The Healthy Child Programme, D. Brown, R. Patel, R. Witton Jan 2023

First Dental Steps: A Multistranded Oral Health Improvement Intervention Embedded In The Healthy Child Programme, D. Brown, R. Patel, R. Witton

Peninsula Dental School

No abstract provided.


Orogenic-Orographic Feedback And The Rise Of The Central Andes, L. A. Evenstar, A. J. Hartley, A. E. Mather Jan 2023

Orogenic-Orographic Feedback And The Rise Of The Central Andes, L. A. Evenstar, A. J. Hartley, A. E. Mather

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The rise of large mountain ranges is considered to be driven by tectonics potentially coupled with climate driven-erosion, although the role of this coupling remains uncertain. The arid climate of the Central Andes allows us to strengthen our understanding of the relative roles of these processes in mountain range development globally. Here we compile estimates of exhumation, sedimentation, aridity and surface uplift across the Central Andes for the last 50 Ma. We aim to place constraints on the relative timing of rock uplift (displacement of rocks with respect to the geoid), exhumation (displacement of rocks with respect to the surface) …


Entrainment And Horizontal Atmospheric Transport Of Microplastics From Soil, Sajjad Abbasi, Mahrooz Rezaei, Monireh Mina, Abdolmajid Sameni, Patryk Oleszczuk, Andrew Turner, Coen Ritsema Jan 2023

Entrainment And Horizontal Atmospheric Transport Of Microplastics From Soil, Sajjad Abbasi, Mahrooz Rezaei, Monireh Mina, Abdolmajid Sameni, Patryk Oleszczuk, Andrew Turner, Coen Ritsema

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Soils are an important source of microplastics (MPs) to the atmosphere but the fluxes and mechanisms involved in MPs entrainment are not well understood. In the present study, a series of horizontally aligned sediment traps have been deployed at different heights within 1 m above the ground for a two-month period at various locations in an arid region (Sarakhs, Iran). MPs were isolated from sediments and were quantified and characterised according to size, colour, shape and polymer composition by established techniques. Most MPs were <250 μm in length, fibres were the most important shape, black and blue-green were the dominant colours, and polymer abundance decreased in the order polyethylene > nylon > polypropylene > polystyrene > polyethylene terephthalate. The distributions of sediment mass (range <0.01–9 g) and number of MPs (range = 0 to 21) were heterogeneous, both between sites and at the different heights sampled, and yielded median, vertically-averaged horizontal fluxes for the region of about 450 g m−2 d−1 and 2600 MP m−2 d−1, respectively. However, when data were pooled, the number of MPs normalised to sediment mass exhibited a significant inverse relationship with sediment mass, an effect attributed to the presence of ambient suspended MPs and sediment that are diluted by the suspension of soil and deposited MPs at higher wind speeds. The mechanisms of MP saltation and entrainment were not ascertained but a theoretical framework for threshold shear velocity based on regularly-shaped particles and density considerations is presented. Further experimental work is required to verify this framework, and in particular for fibrous MPs with different aerodynamic properties to soil particles.


Impacts Of Polyethylene Microplastics On The Microalga, Spirulina (Arthrospira Platensis), Sajjad Abbasi, Sahar Amiranipour, Javad Karimi, Sasan Mohsenzadeh, Andrew Turner Jan 2023

Impacts Of Polyethylene Microplastics On The Microalga, Spirulina (Arthrospira Platensis), Sajjad Abbasi, Sahar Amiranipour, Javad Karimi, Sasan Mohsenzadeh, Andrew Turner

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Microalgae play a critical role in the food web and biogeochemical cycling and produce compounds that are commercially exploited. However, their reactions and responses to microplastic contamination are not well understood. In this study, the widely distributed and commercially important cyanobacterium, Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis), was exposed to different concentrations (1–100 mg L−1) of low-density polyethylene microplastics (<5 μm) over a 20-d period. Various end-points were combined with different microscopic techniques in order to examine physiological and biochemical effects and interactions between the plastic and microalga. Growth rate and photosynthetic activity decreased with increasing microplastic concentration, and a maximum inhibition ratio of about 9% was calculated from optical density measurements. Plastic concentrations above 10 mg L−1 resulted in oxidative stress and the intracellular production of proline. Fragmentation and swelling of trichomes and attachment of microplastics was observed in the exposures, and microplastics appeared to adhere or aggregate around fragmented or fragmenting regions. The latter effect may indicate trichome weakening by microplastics or their concentration around cytosolic debris; nevertheless, it provides a potential mechanism for internalisation of small particles. Although unrealistically high concentrations of well-defined microplastics have been employed, relatively small disruptions at the population level incurred by lower concentrations could have more serious implications for ecosystem services and functioning.


Physical And Biogeochemical Controls On Seasonal Iron, Manganese, And Cobalt Distributions In Northeast Atlantic Shelf Seas, Xue Gang Chen, Dagmara Rusiecka, Martha Gledhill, Angela Milne, Amber L. Annett, Aaron Joseph Beck, Antony J. Birchill, Maeve C. Lohan, Simon Ussher, Eric P. Achterberg Jan 2023

Physical And Biogeochemical Controls On Seasonal Iron, Manganese, And Cobalt Distributions In Northeast Atlantic Shelf Seas, Xue Gang Chen, Dagmara Rusiecka, Martha Gledhill, Angela Milne, Amber L. Annett, Aaron Joseph Beck, Antony J. Birchill, Maeve C. Lohan, Simon Ussher, Eric P. Achterberg

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Accumulation Of Polystyrene Nanoplastics And Triclosan By A Model Tooth-Carp Fish, Aphaniops Hormuzensis (Teleostei: Aphaniidae), Maryam Saemi-Komsari, Reza Pashaei, Sajjad Abbasi, Hamid Reza Esmaeili, Reda Dzingelevičienė, Hadavand B Shirkavand, Kalako M Pasalari, Malgorzata Szultka-Mlynska, Renata Gadzała-Kopciuch, Boguslaw Buszewski, Andrew Turner Jan 2023

Accumulation Of Polystyrene Nanoplastics And Triclosan By A Model Tooth-Carp Fish, Aphaniops Hormuzensis (Teleostei: Aphaniidae), Maryam Saemi-Komsari, Reza Pashaei, Sajjad Abbasi, Hamid Reza Esmaeili, Reda Dzingelevičienė, Hadavand B Shirkavand, Kalako M Pasalari, Malgorzata Szultka-Mlynska, Renata Gadzała-Kopciuch, Boguslaw Buszewski, Andrew Turner

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The presence and effects of nanoplastics (NPs; <1 μm) in the aquatic environment are a growing concern. In this study, a model tooth-carp fish, Aphaniops hormuzensis, has been exposed to different concentrations of fluorescent polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NP) in its diet (up to 5 mg kg−1) over periods of 28 d and the particle accumulation in different tissues determined. Accumulation was observed in both digestive and non-digestive organs, with concentrations greater in the gut, liver and gill (up to 400 μg kg−1 dw) than in the skin and muscle (<180 μg kg−1 dw), but no dependency on exposure time or dose was evident. The presence of the organic contaminant, triclosan (TCS), in the diet and at concentrations up to 0.5 μg kg−1 did not affect PS-NP uptake by A. hormuzensis, while TCS accumulation in the whole body increased with time (up to 10 μg kg−1) and, likewise, appeared to be unaffected by the presence of PS-NPs. These observations suggest that the two contaminants do not interact with each other or that any interactions have no impact on accumulation. The results of this study add to the growing body of evidence that NPs can be translocated by aquatic organisms after ingestion, and reveal that, for the species and conditions employed, nanoplastics are accumulated more readily than a widely used organic chemical.


Occurrence And Characteristics Of Fibreglass-Reinforced Plastics And Microplastics On A Beach Impacted By Abandoned Fishing Boats: A Case Study From Chellanam, India, N. Manju Lekshmi, Sreejith S. Kumar, P. Muhamed Ashraf, S. P. Nehala, Leela Edwin, Andrew Turner Jan 2023

Occurrence And Characteristics Of Fibreglass-Reinforced Plastics And Microplastics On A Beach Impacted By Abandoned Fishing Boats: A Case Study From Chellanam, India, N. Manju Lekshmi, Sreejith S. Kumar, P. Muhamed Ashraf, S. P. Nehala, Leela Edwin, Andrew Turner

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Plastics and microplastics have been quantified and characterised at disposal sites of abandoned fishing boats and along the high-water line (HWL) of a fish landing centre in Chellanam, India. Fibreglass-reinforced plastic (FRP) made a greater contribution to the plastic pool at the disposal sites (~ 4.5 n m−2 and 18 g m−2) than the HWL (~ 0.25 n m−2 and < 1 g m−2) and was an abundant component of the microplastic pool at the former. Infrared analysis of micro-sized FRPs revealed various resins (e.g., alkyd, polyester, epoxy), while X-ray fluorescence analysis of the painted surfaces of meso-sized FRPs returned variable concentrations of copper and lead. Concentrations of Pb were high enough to contaminate sand up to ~400 mg kg−1. The relatively high density of FRP and its association with glass fibres and metal-bearing paints results in particles with potentially very different fates and toxicities to more “conventional” (non-composite) thermoplastics.


Personality And Parental Care In The Corkwing Wrasse (Symphodus Melops), Benjamin Ellis Jan 2023

Personality And Parental Care In The Corkwing Wrasse (Symphodus Melops), Benjamin Ellis

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Parental care in many species is a repeatable aspect of the behavioural phenotype, in some cases covarying with other behavioural traits within wider behavioural syndromes. It is well understood that in several freshwater fishes, recreational and commercial fisheries often (directly or indirectly) impact traits concerning parental care adversely, in some cases through selection on covarying behavioural traits. In contrast, studies on commercially fished marine species that exhibit parental care are scarce. The corkwing wrasse (Symphodus melops) is a marine fish with complex reproductive behaviour, with parental males exhibiting nest building and parental care behaviours. This species is also subject to …


Nurses’ Perceptions Of The Skills, Knowledge And Attributes Required To Optimise Scope Of Practice And Improve Access To Care For People Experiencing Homelessness In Australia: A Cross-Sectional Study, Jane Currie, Lucy Mcwilliams, Martha Paisi, Jill Shawe, Anna Thornton, Matthew Larkin, Joanne Taylor, Sandy Middleton Jan 2023

Nurses’ Perceptions Of The Skills, Knowledge And Attributes Required To Optimise Scope Of Practice And Improve Access To Care For People Experiencing Homelessness In Australia: A Cross-Sectional Study, Jane Currie, Lucy Mcwilliams, Martha Paisi, Jill Shawe, Anna Thornton, Matthew Larkin, Joanne Taylor, Sandy Middleton

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Background People experiencing homelessness are less likely to access healthcare, particularly primary and preventive care. Nurses are well placed to improve access to healthcare for this vulnerable population. Aim To explore nurses’ perceptions of the skills, knowledge and attributes required to optimise scope of practice and improve access to healthcare for people experiencing homelessness, to underpin an education framework. Design A cross-sectional national survey of nurses in Australia. Methods Part of a larger study, a 222-item electronic survey was disseminated via social media and nursing colleges and associations. Participants rated the level of priority of specific skills knowledge and attributes …


The Nutritional Online Survey For Pregnancy Induced Sickness & Hyperemesis (Nourish) Study: Results From The First Trimester, Kate Maslin, Caitlin Dean, Jill Shawe Jan 2023

The Nutritional Online Survey For Pregnancy Induced Sickness & Hyperemesis (Nourish) Study: Results From The First Trimester, Kate Maslin, Caitlin Dean, Jill Shawe

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Background:Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is severe pregnancy sickness,often leading to dehydration, weight loss and electrolyte disturbances. Little isknown about nutritional intake and its consequences in those affected. Theaim of this study was to explore thefirst trimester nutritional intake andclinical characteristics in those with severe sickness.Method:Recruitment was via the social media accounts of national pregnancycharities. The eligibility criteria were as follows: between 6 and 11 weekspregnant, age≥18 years and residing in the UK. Participants completed a self‐report online questionnaire including the Pregnancy Unique Quantification ofEmesis 24 (PUQE24) score and a 3‐day online diet diary. Groups werecompared by PUQE24 categories. Nutritional intakes were …


Variability In Feeding Habitats Of Red Deer Sensu Lato In Eurasia In The Late Pleistocene And Holocene, Maciej Sykut, Sławomira Pawełczyk, Natalia Piotrowska, Krzysztof Stefaniak, Bogdan Ridush, Daniel Makowiecki, Pavel Kosintsev, Barbara Wilkens, Tomasz Borowik, Ralph Fyfe, Jessie Woodbridge, Magdalena Niedziałkowska Jan 2023

Variability In Feeding Habitats Of Red Deer Sensu Lato In Eurasia In The Late Pleistocene And Holocene, Maciej Sykut, Sławomira Pawełczyk, Natalia Piotrowska, Krzysztof Stefaniak, Bogdan Ridush, Daniel Makowiecki, Pavel Kosintsev, Barbara Wilkens, Tomasz Borowik, Ralph Fyfe, Jessie Woodbridge, Magdalena Niedziałkowska

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Red deer (Cervus elaphus) is one of the species that is rather wide spread and survived across Europe over the Holocene. The analyses of carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in bone collagen of ungulate remains have been applied in paleoecological studies as environmental and dietary indicators. In this study we present the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope compositions of previously radiocarbon-dated red deer bone samples (N = 68) found in Central, Southern and Eastern Europe and Asia and aligned to one of two species: European red deer (Cervus elaphus) and wapiti (Cervus canadensis). We showed that the values of carbon …


Legacy Radionuclides In Cryoconite And Proglacial Sediment On Orwell Glacier, Signy Island, Antarctica, Philip N. Owens, Tim A. Stott, Will H. Blake, Geoffrey E. Millward Jan 2023

Legacy Radionuclides In Cryoconite And Proglacial Sediment On Orwell Glacier, Signy Island, Antarctica, Philip N. Owens, Tim A. Stott, Will H. Blake, Geoffrey E. Millward

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Cryoconite is a specific type of material found on the surface of glaciers and icesheets. Samples of cryoconite were collected from the Orwell Glacier and its moraines, together with suspended sediment from the proglacial stream on Signy Island, part of the South Orkney Islands, Antarctica. The activity concentrations of certain fallout radionuclides were determined in the cryoconite, moraine and suspended sediment, in addition to particle size composition and %C and %N. For cryoconite samples (n = 5), mean activity concentrations (±1SD) of 137Cs, 210Pbun and 241Am were 13.2 ± 20.9, 66.1 ± 94.0 and 0.32 ± 0.64 Bq kg−1, respectively. …


Terrestrial Carbon Isotope Stratigraphy Of The Eocene–Oligocene Transition, Petrockstowe And Bovey Basins, Devon, Uk, Mohammed S. Chaanda, Stephen T. Grimes, Rhodri M. Jerrett, Mark Anderson, Melanie J. Leng, Meriel E. Fitzpatrick, Gregory D. Price Jan 2023

Terrestrial Carbon Isotope Stratigraphy Of The Eocene–Oligocene Transition, Petrockstowe And Bovey Basins, Devon, Uk, Mohammed S. Chaanda, Stephen T. Grimes, Rhodri M. Jerrett, Mark Anderson, Melanie J. Leng, Meriel E. Fitzpatrick, Gregory D. Price

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The terrestrial sediments of the Petrockstowe and Bovey basins in Devon, UK were examined. Their age is considered to be Eocene and Oligocene. The sediments (kaolinitic clays, silts, sands, gravels, and lignites) from both basins were analysed for carbon isotopes of organic material, in conjunction with total organic carbon and palynological analyses used to unravel the type of and provenance of organic matter present. Within the Petrockstowe Basin, the lowermost interval examined shows a palynological distribution dominated by phytoclasts, whilst the upper part of the core is dominated by higher concentrations of palynomorphs (up to 90 %) and an increase …


Anticipatory Reward Dysfunction In Alcohol Dependence: An Electroencephalography Monetary Incentive Delay Task Study, Mica Komarnyckyj, Chris Retzler, Robert Whelan, Oliver Young, Elsa Fouragnan, Anna Murphy Jan 2023

Anticipatory Reward Dysfunction In Alcohol Dependence: An Electroencephalography Monetary Incentive Delay Task Study, Mica Komarnyckyj, Chris Retzler, Robert Whelan, Oliver Young, Elsa Fouragnan, Anna Murphy

School of Psychology

A wealth of functional magnetic resonance imaging monetary incentive delay task (MIDT) research has shown alcohol dependency is associated with a hypoactive striatal response during gain anticipation (gain > neutral) and loss anticipation (loss > neutral). Electroencephalography (EEG) holds clinical advantages over fMRI (high temporal resolution, low cost, portable) however its use to study reward processing in alcohol dependence is limited. We aimed to carry out the first EEG MIDT (eMIDT) study in alcohol dependence. 21 abstinent alcohol dependent individuals and 26 controls performed an MIDT while neural activity was recorded using 64-channel EEG. Trial averaged event-related potentials (ERPs) and single-trial machine …


Serviceability Behaviour Of Frp-Reinforced Slatted Slabs Made Of High-Content Recycled Aggregate Concrete, Thanongsak Imjai, Reyes Garcia, Boksun Kim, Chayanon Hansapinyo, Piti Sukontasukkul Jan 2023

Serviceability Behaviour Of Frp-Reinforced Slatted Slabs Made Of High-Content Recycled Aggregate Concrete, Thanongsak Imjai, Reyes Garcia, Boksun Kim, Chayanon Hansapinyo, Piti Sukontasukkul

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

At service load levels, shear-induced deflections of reinforced concrete (RC) slabs are small and therefore they are usually ignored in deflection calculations. However, shear-induced deflections can be large in RC slabs reinforced with Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) bars, especially after the development of diagonal cracks. This article investigates the serviceability behaviour (deflections and crack widths) of FRP-reinforced slatted slabs cast with recycled aggregate concrete (RAC). Fifteen slabs were tested in flexure, including five slabs cast with normal concrete (NC), five slabs cast with RAC made with 50% recycled concrete aggregate, and five slabs cast with RAC made with 100% recycled …


Anti-Capsular Activity Of Cuo Nanoparticles Against Acinetobacter Baumannii Produce Efflux Pump, Israa M.S. Al-Kadmy, Sarah Naji Aziz, Ahmed Mahdi Rheima, Suhad Abbas Abid, Ahmed Suhail, Israa Hussein Hamzah, Eman N. Naji, Alexandros Besinis, Helal F. Hetta Jan 2023

Anti-Capsular Activity Of Cuo Nanoparticles Against Acinetobacter Baumannii Produce Efflux Pump, Israa M.S. Al-Kadmy, Sarah Naji Aziz, Ahmed Mahdi Rheima, Suhad Abbas Abid, Ahmed Suhail, Israa Hussein Hamzah, Eman N. Naji, Alexandros Besinis, Helal F. Hetta

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Copper oxide nanoparticles are modern kinds of antimicrobials, which may get a lot of interest in the clinical application. This study aimed to detect the anti-capsular activity of CuO nanoparticles against Acinetobacter baumannii produce efflux pump. Thirty-four different clinical A. baumannii isolates were collected and identified by the phenotypic and genetic methods by the recA gene as housekeeping. Antibiotic sensitivity and biofilm-forming ability, capsular formation were carried out. The effect of CuO nanoparticles on capsular isolates was detected, the synergistic effects of a combination CuO nanoparticles and gentamicin against A. baumannii were determined by micro broth checkerboard method, and the …


Consumers' Willingness To Pay For An Animal Welfare Food Label, Matthew Gorton, Ching Hua Yeh, Elena Chatzopoulou, John White, Barbara Tocco, Carmen Hubbard, Fiona Hallam Jan 2023

Consumers' Willingness To Pay For An Animal Welfare Food Label, Matthew Gorton, Ching Hua Yeh, Elena Chatzopoulou, John White, Barbara Tocco, Carmen Hubbard, Fiona Hallam

Plymouth Business School

Consumers increasingly rate the ethical dimensions of food production, including animal welfare, as important to them but how these concerns influence their food choices remains unclear. To address this, a Discrete Choice Experiment assesses consumers' willingness to pay for chicken meat. The study aims to understand the effects of food labels (RSPCA Assured and Red Tractor), cause-related marketing campaigns, and price on consumers' willingness to pay. Drawing on a representative sample of 401 British consumers, we estimate a mixed logit model using the hierarchical Bayesian estimation method. The results for the full sample reveal a substantial price premium associated with …


Student-Led Health Promotion Toolkit: A Practice Development Project, R Reynolds, S Neill Jan 2023

Student-Led Health Promotion Toolkit: A Practice Development Project, R Reynolds, S Neill

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Student nurses are uniquely placed to contribute to health promotion during their undergraduate programmes. The aim of this practice development project was to co-develop a toolkit to facilitate student nurse led health promotion practice. The project used an emancipatory methodology to explore health promotion practice opportunities for one university cohort of student nurses in partnership with the local practice area. A person-centred framework was used to engage with students and nurses to benchmark current student practice, scope for student-led activity and develop a shared vision for the toolkit resources. The student questionnaire revealed greater confidence in health promotion knowledge than …


“I Am Not A Good Woman?” Exploring The Views And Challenges Of Nurses When Discussing Hpv Testing And Associated Cervical Screening With Women In Iraq, Suhailah M. Ali, Rebecca Lawes, Ayla Khedher Ghalib Jan 2023

“I Am Not A Good Woman?” Exploring The Views And Challenges Of Nurses When Discussing Hpv Testing And Associated Cervical Screening With Women In Iraq, Suhailah M. Ali, Rebecca Lawes, Ayla Khedher Ghalib

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Introduction: Cervical cancer is mostly caused by high-risk Human papillomavirus HPV, with an estimation prevalence of HPV of 99.7% worldwide. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved an HPV test for primary cervical screening in 2014. An HPV-DNA test, which provides higher protection against invasive cervical carcinomas, is replacing the long-standing Pap smear as the primary method of cervical cancer screening. Objective: To explore nurses’ experience and knowledge of HPV DNA testing and how screening impacts on women's health through increasing awareness and proposing actions for health education strategies. Method: A qualitative exploratory study was conducted on a purposeful …


Towards The Validation Of Novel Cognitive And Physiological Indicators Of Affective State In Horses (Equus Caballus), Sarah Kappel Jan 2023

Towards The Validation Of Novel Cognitive And Physiological Indicators Of Affective State In Horses (Equus Caballus), Sarah Kappel

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Assessing animal emotions reliably is crucial for making accurate decisions about animal welfare, but subjective affective (emotional) states are inaccessible for direct measurement. We know that negative affect modulates attention in humans and some animals. The overarching aim of this thesis is to investigate if the preferential attention allocation towards certain information (i.e. attention bias, AB) could be a potential proxy measure of affective valence in horses. First, I provide an overview of the theoretical background to attention and AB by reviewing the literature on AB in humans and animals (Chapter 2). I examine which methodological aspects need consideration when …


Does Connectivity With Nature Alter Consumer Behaviour? Linking Ocean Connectedness And Consumer Views On Single-Use Packaging, Sohvi Katariina Nuojua Jan 2023

Does Connectivity With Nature Alter Consumer Behaviour? Linking Ocean Connectedness And Consumer Views On Single-Use Packaging, Sohvi Katariina Nuojua

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Single-use packaging items constitute a large proportion of the plastic litter found in the marine environment. Consumer behaviour is a key contributor to the accumulation of this pollution in the environment. This thesis outlines correlational and experimental research on consumer responses to environmentally relevant qualities of single-use packaging. Furthermore, it considers a novel concept of ocean connectedness as a psychological moderator of consumer response. Studies 1 and 2 investigated consumer responses to recyclability of packaging as well as its raw material (plastic, glass, carton and aluminium) in undergraduate students and in a broader UK public sample. Ocean connectedness was assessed …


Ideal Models Of Good Inpatient Care For Adults With Intellectual Disability: Lessons From England, Lisa Burrows, Georgia Page, Elena Plugaru, Bridie Kent, Mahesh Odiyoor, Sujeet Jaydeokar, Jonathan Williams, Kevin Elliot, Richard Laugharne, Rohit Shankar Jan 2023

Ideal Models Of Good Inpatient Care For Adults With Intellectual Disability: Lessons From England, Lisa Burrows, Georgia Page, Elena Plugaru, Bridie Kent, Mahesh Odiyoor, Sujeet Jaydeokar, Jonathan Williams, Kevin Elliot, Richard Laugharne, Rohit Shankar

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Background: In recent years, a significant proportion of inpatient facilities for people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism has been de-commissioned in England, This has resulted in individuals with intellectual disabilities being sent to distant hospitals far away from their families and carers leading to challenges in follow-up, community care and interventions. The impact of de-institutionalisation, has often caused patient trauma, family distress and subsequent discharge difficulties. Not every individual with intellectual disabilities and/or autism requires inpatient care but inpatient care when needed has to be local, adequate and appropriate. Aims: To evaluate current evidence of utility of inpatient models for …


Pleistocene Depositional Environments On The Eastern Ross Sea Continental Slope, Antarctica, Maxine Valentina King Jan 2023

Pleistocene Depositional Environments On The Eastern Ross Sea Continental Slope, Antarctica, Maxine Valentina King

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

In 2018, International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 374 drilled a 208.28 m-thick sequence of Plio-Pleistocene sediments on the Eastern Ross Sea continental slope, Antarctica (Hole U1525A). In this thesis, sediments from Hole U1525A are used to reconstruct the depositional environment on the slope since 2.4 Ma, focusing on characterising instances of West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) extension to the continental margin. Late Pleistocene Ross Sea Fan deposits in Hole U1525A are also studied to identify provenance changes that may link to changing ice stream dynamics. Core images, grain size, X-ray fluorescence and physical properties datasets were used from the upper …


Editorial: Case Reports In Cardio-Oncology: 2022, Michael S Ewer, Syed Wamique Yusuf, Reto Asmis, Jun-Ichi Abe Jan 2023

Editorial: Case Reports In Cardio-Oncology: 2022, Michael S Ewer, Syed Wamique Yusuf, Reto Asmis, Jun-Ichi Abe

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.


Editorial: Women In Molecular And Cellular Oncology, Petranel T Ferrao, Laura Rosanò, Valeria Poli, Shilpa S Dhar, Ana Paula Lepique Jan 2023

Editorial: Women In Molecular And Cellular Oncology, Petranel T Ferrao, Laura Rosanò, Valeria Poli, Shilpa S Dhar, Ana Paula Lepique

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.