Digital Commons Network^™

Role Of Pocus In The Management Of New-Onset Tachyarrhythmia In The Setting Of Sars-Cov-2: A Case Report, Barath Prashanth Sivasubramanian, Diviya Bharathi Ravikumar, Bhavya Vyas, Viraj Panchal, Srikanth Puli, Gerard Kiernan, Vikramaditya Samala Venkata

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with myocardial inflammation, new onset cardiomyopathy, and arrhythmias. Here, we describe the utilization of POCUS and management of concurrent new onset atrial tachycardia and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HfrEF) in a patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Presentation: An 80-year-old female with multiple medical problems presented with sudden onset of shortness of breath and cough. She tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Initially, she was hypoxic on room air and her heart rhythm was sinus tachycardia. CT angiogram of the chest showed consolidation, pleural effusion, and absence of pulmonary embolism. Because of persistent tachycardia, repeat EKGs and …

Acute Presentation Of Primary Cns Lymphoma Mimicking Toxoplasma In Hiv Infection, Indira Acharya, Scott R. Deboer, Deepty Bhansali

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) accounts for up to 15% of non-Hodgkin lymphomas in HIV patients and is the second most common cause of space-occupying brain lesions in HIV patients after CNS toxoplasmosis. Differentiation of PCNL and CNS toxoplasmosis is crucial as PCNL carries a poor prognosis with survival time of 2-4 months without treatment but can be improved with prompt initiation of chemotherapy. These two entities often present clinically in a similar manner, and conventional imaging can also be a diagnostic challenge due to overlapping imaging characteristics. Thus, definitive diagnosis of PCNSL relies on histopathologic confirmation. Here, we present a …

A Mathematical Model Of Acanthocephalan Parasite Infection In Gull-Billed Terns, Charlotte Moser

Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research

No abstract provided.

Mathematical Modeling, Analysis And Simulation Of Patient Detox Journey, Adan Baca, Diego Gonzalez

Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research

No abstract provided.

Multicellular And Multiscale Models Of Microbes And Host Systems, Elebeoba May

Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research

No abstract provided.

Comparative Analysis Of Swine Antibody Responses Following Vaccination With Live-Attenuated And Killed African Swine Fever Virus Vaccines, Hung Q. Luong, Huong T. L. Lai, Lam Q. Truong, The N. Nguyen, Hanh D. Vu, Hoa T. Nguyen, Lan T. Nguyen, Trang H. Pham, David Scott Mcvey, Hiep Vu

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is circulating in many swine-producing countries, causing significant economic losses. It is observed that pigs experimentally vaccinated with a live-attenuated virus (LAV) but not a killed virus (KV) vaccine develop solid homologous protective immunity. The objective of this study was to comparatively analyze antibody profiles between pigs vaccinated with an LAV vaccine and those vaccinated with a KV vaccine to identify potential markers of vaccineinduced protection. Thirty ASFV seronegative pigs were divided into three groups: Group 1 received a single dose of an experimental LAV, Group 2 received two doses of an experimental KV vaccine, …

Ethiopian Residents’ Attitudes Toward Dermatology Research: A Survey Study, Rishab R. Revankar, Heli A. Patel, Joo Yeon Shin, Alice B. Gottlieb, Loren D. Krueger, Benjamin K. Stoff

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

Dermatology programs in resource-limited settings manage high patient volumes.1 Trainees have extensive clinical responsibilities, which may preclude engaging in research. Programs in such settings may lack the infrastructure to provide adequate support. At the Department of Dermatovenereology at the University of Gondar in Ethiopia, residents anecdotally report a high caseload and lack of resources, including time, to pursue research. Members of Emory and Mount Sinai Dermatology designed and delivered a 30-minute presentation about research design and methods. Residents were surveyed pre- and postintervention about their attitudes toward pursuing dermatology research during residency

A Retrospective Analysis Of Hyperlipidemia And Covid-19 Outcomes Investigated In A Rural Midwestern Population, Rachel Steffes, Sydney Christensen, Laura Schreck, Nova Beyersdorfer, Darrin S. Goade, Kerry Johnson, Greg Stahl, Nicole R. Ford, Robert Arnce

Student Publications

Background

COVID-19 is a respiratory disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a coronavirus discovered in 2019. Its impact on the world continues to be studied due to the significant death toll of the disease. As the COVID-19 pandemic remains ongoing, examining the association of COVID-19 with comorbidities and resulting mortality is necessary. This study focuses on population health outcomes with COVID-19 infection and hyperlipidemia (total cholesterol greater than or equal to 200 mg/dL) as a comorbidity, including potential associations with age and sex.

Methods

As a retrospective analytical study, patients were divided into three populations based on COVID-19 and/or hyperlipidemia based on …

How Irish Medical Scientists Can Assist In The Improved Diagnosis Of Disease - Infectious Mononucleosis (Im) A Case In Point, Patrick Naughton

ORBioM (Open Research BioSciences Meeting)

The Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) or human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4) is the sole etiologic agent of the acute illness in humans described either as infectious mononucleosis (IM), or glandular fever. IM is a self-limiting disease with various but transient symptoms which include fever, fatigue, malaise, sore throat, swollen lymph glands (particularly of the neck), swollen liver and spleen. Diagnosis relies on clear, timely and informative laboratory test results. Patients with primary IM infection often present on investigation with a well-documented population of atypical/plasmacytoid lymphocytes. The qualitative detection of heterophile antibodies (HAs) is also a useful aid in the diagnosis of primary …

A Preliminary Analysis Of Vaginal Microbial Changes Prior To Incident Bacterial Vaginosis, Jacob H. Elnaggar

Dr. Joseph M. Moerschbaecher, III Graduate Research Day

No abstract provided.

Targeting Translation And The Cell Cycle Inversely Affects Ctc Metabolism But Not Metastasis, Tetiana Y. Bowley, Seth D. Merkley, Irina V. Lagutina, Mireya C. Ortiz, Margaret Lee, Bernard Tawfik, Dario Marchetti

Pathology Research and Scholarship

Melanoma brain metastasis (MBM) is significantly associated with poor prognosis and is diagnosed in 80% of patients at autopsy. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are "seeds" of metastasis and the smallest functional units of cancer. Our multilevel approach has previously identified a CTC RPL/RPS gene signature directly linked to MBM onset. We hypothesized that targeting ribogenesis prevents MBM/metastasis in CTC-derived xenografts. We treated parallel cohorts of MBM mice with FDA-approved protein translation inhibitor omacetaxine with or without CDK4/CDK6 inhibitor palbociclib, and monitored metastatic development and cell proliferation. Necropsies and IVIS imaging showed decreased MBM/extracranial metastasis in drug-treated mice, and RNA-Seq on …

Intraspecific Variation Of Morphological Traits Backed Up With Molecular Evidence Votes For Re‑Appraisal Of Hitherto Distinguished Balaustium Species—A Case Study Of Balaustium Murorum (Acariformes: Parasitengona, Erythraeidae), Joanna Mąkol, Magdalena Felska

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

Molecular examination of representatives of Balaustium from several populations in SW Poland, performed using the sequence data from the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, confirmed their common specific affiliation and identity with Balaustium murorum. The potential presence of distinct species in the studied material, preliminarily inferred from the discovery of clusters as a result of Principal Component Analysis exploring the metric data sets, was rejected due to the finding of only one haplotype, at intra- and inter-population sampling. An insight into meristic traits in larvae, focused on chaetotaxy of legs, revealed wider variation than hitherto recognized for the …

Incidence And Risk Factors For Pneumonitis Associated With Checkpoint Inhibitors In Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Single Center Experience, Mehmet Altan, Felipe Soto, Linda L Zhong, Fechukwu O Akhmedzhanov, Nathaniel R Wilson, Abdulrazzak Zarifa, Aya A Albittar, Vincent Yang, Jeff Lewis, Waree Rinsurongkawong, J Jack Lee, Vadeerat Rinsurongkawong, Jianjun Zhang, Don L Gibbons, Ara A Vaporciyan, Kristofer Jennings, Fareed Khawaja, Saadia A Faiz, Vickie R Shannon, Girish Shroff, Myrna C B Godoy, Naval G Daver, Saumil Gandhi, Tito R Mendoza, Aung Naing, Carrie Daniel-Macdougall, John V Heymach, Ajay Sheshadri

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) pneumonitis causes substantial morbidity and mortality. Estimates of real-world incidence and reported risk factors vary substantially.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of 419 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were treated with anti-PD-(L)1 with or without anti-CTLA-4 therapy. Clinical, imaging, and microbiological data were evaluated by multidisciplinary adjudication teams. The primary outcome of interest was grade ≥2 (CTCAEv5) pneumonitis. Clinicopathologic variables, tobacco use, cancer therapies, and preexisting lung disease were assessed for univariate effects using Cox proportional hazards models. We created multivariate Cox proportional hazards models to assess risk factors for …

Tuberculosis Screening In Migrants To The Eu/Eea And Uk, Niklas Köhler, Anca Vasiliu, Anna Maria Mandalakas, Leonardo Martinez, Christoph Lange

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Infection And Inflammation Stimulate Expansion Of A Cd74+ Paneth Cell Subset To Regulate Disease Progression, Iyshwarya Balasubramanian, Shengxiang Sun, Ta-Chiang Liu, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Paneth cells (PCs), a specialized secretory cell type in the small intestine, are increasingly recognized as having an essential role in host responses to microbiome and environmental stresses. Whether and how commensal and pathogenic microbes modify PC composition to modulate inflammation remain unclear. Using newly developed PC-reporter mice under conventional and gnotobiotic conditions, we determined PC transcriptomic heterogeneity in response to commensal and invasive microbes at single cell level. Infection expands the pool of CD74

Political Views, Race And Ethnicity, And Social Isolation: Evidence From The General Social Survey, Song Yang, Michael Nino

Sociology and Criminology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Using data from the General Social Survey, we investigate whether political views increase the risk of social isolation for Black and White Americans. Our findings reveal an increase in conservative political views differently shaping social isolation patterns for Black and White Americans. For instance, changes in political views from liberal to conservative are associated with reduced risk of social isolation for White Americans, whereas a rise in conservative political views is related to increases in social isolation for Black Americans. Results also demonstrate that these patterns remain after accounting for important covariates such as gender, age, education, occupation, marital status, …

The Effects Of Prophylactic Probiotic Use On Reducing Group B Streptococcus Colonization In Pregnant People, Effie Karriker, Melissa Tomback

Nursing Student Course Papers

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a gram-positive coccus that normally colonizes the digestive and genital tract (Puopolo & Madoff, 2023). Worldwide, approximately 18% of pregnant people[1] carry GBS, and in the United States of America (USA), approximately 25% of pregnant people are GBS positive (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2022). GBS can be passed onto an infant during birth when it travels through the vaginal canal, a process called vertical transmission. Unfortunately, for newborns who have an immature immune system, GBS can result in early onset GBS disease requiring a lengthy stay in the NICU or even death. …

Evaluating The Response Of Glycine Soja Accessions To Fungal Pathogen Macrophomina Phaseolina During Seedling Growth, Shirley Jacquet, Shuxian Li, Rouf Mian, My Abdelmajid Kassem, Layla Rashad, Sonia Viera, Francisco Reta, Juan Reta, Jiazheng Yuan

College of Health, Science, and Technology

Charcoal rot caused by the fungal pathogen Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid is one of various devastating soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) diseases, which can severely reduce crop yield. The investigation into the genetic potential for charcoal rot resistance of wild soybean (Glycine soja) accessions will enrich our understanding of the impact of soybean domestication on disease resistance; moreover, the identified charcoal rot-resistant lines can be used to improve soybean resistance to charcoal rot. The objective of this study was to evaluate the resistance of wild soybean accessions to M. phaseolina at the seedling stage and thereby select the disease-resistant lines. …

The Use Of Alcohol Impregnated Port Catheters For Decreasing Central Line Infections In Acute Care, Shana M. Coons

Student Scholarly Projects

Practice Problem: Lack of proper sterile protocol for central lines was noted as a problem in the acute care units, causing CLASBI rates to be higher than the national average at the hospital in question.

PICOT: In hospitalized acute care adult patients 18 years of age and older with central lines, how does the use of alcohol impregnated port protectors (AIPPs) compared to current central line sanitation practices affect central-line associated infections (CLASBI) within 10 weeks?

Evidence: The literature evidence suggests that Alcohol Impregnated Port Protectors (AIPPs) decrease CLASBI rates and provide better outcomes for acute care patients with central …

Individual And Population Age Impact Social Behavior And Network Structure In A Long-Lived Insect, P. A. Cook, R. A. Costello, Vincent A. Formica, E. D. Brodie Iii

Biology Faculty Works

Social behaviors vary among individuals, and social networks vary among groups. Understanding the causes of such variation is important for predicting or altering ecological processes such as infectious disease outbreaks. Here, we ask whether age contributes to variation in social behavior at multiple levels of organization: within individuals over time, among individuals of different ages, among local social environments, and among populations. We used experimental manipulations of captive populations and a longitudinal dataset to test whether social behavior is associated with age across these levels in a long-lived insect, the forked fungus beetle (Bolitotherus cornutus). In cross-sectional analyses, …

Health-Related Quality Of Life Of Patients With Diabetes Mellitus And Covid-19 In Two University Teaching Hospitals In Nairobi County, Kenya, Purity Kibathi

MSc in Advanced Practice Nursing

Diabetes Mellitus corresponds with an increased risk of severe COVID-19 infection and high morbidity and mortality rates. Persons living with diabetes are more likely to encounter psychosocial problems such as depression, anxiety, and stress than the broader population. As the global pandemic unfolded, it was paramount to determine the health-related quality of life (QoL) and explore the experiences of patients with diabetes and COVID-19 to enable healthcare providers to recognize the components influencing HRQoL and identify the interventions to improve the health outcomes. The study was done to determine the health-related quality of life and experiences of patients with diabetes …

A Membrane Protein Of The Rice Pathogen Burkholderia Glumae Required For Oxalic Acid Secretion And Quorum Sensing, Asif Iqbal, George Nwokocha, Vijay Tiwari, Inderjit K. Barphagha, Anne Grove, Jong Hyun Ham, William T. Doerrler

Faculty Publications

Bacterial panicle blight is caused by Burkholderia glumae and results in damage to rice crops worldwide. Virulence of B. glumae requires quorum sensing (QS)-dependent synthesis and export of toxoflavin, responsible for much of the damage to rice. The DedA family is a conserved membrane protein family found in all bacterial species. B. glumae possesses a member of the DedA family, named DbcA, which we previously showed is required for toxoflavin secretion and virulence in a rice model of infection. B. glumae secretes oxalic acid as a “common good” in a QS-dependent manner to combat toxic alkalinization of the growth medium …

Limited Clinical Utility Of Routine Mycobacterial Cultures For The Management Of Diabetic Foot Infections, Laila M. Castellino, Clare Mccormick-Baw, Tyler Coye, Peter A. Crisologo, John J. Hanna, Francesca Lee, Andrew Clark, Michael Fanning, Amanda L. Killeen

School of Podiatric Medicine Publications

Mycobacterial infections of the foot and ankle are uncommon. In a cohort of 2340 patients with diabetic foot infection (DFI) in a region with increased prevalence of mycobacterial disease, we identified no clinically significant positive cultures over a 3-year period. Routine mycobacterial culture of DFIs is of limited clinical utility.

Neurocognitive And Mental Health Outcomes In Children With Tungiasis: A Cross-Sectional Study In Rural Kenya And Uganda, Kenya Medical Research Institute (Kemri)-Wellcome Trust Programme, Kenya, Lynne Elson, Abneel K. Matharu, Naomi Riithi, Esther Chongwo, Khamis Katana, Carophine Nasambu, Francis Mutebi, Herman Feldmeier, Amina Abubakar

Institute for Human Development, East Africa

Background: Tungiasis, a neglected tropical parasitosis, disproportionately affects children. Few empirical studies have reported neurocognitive and mental health outcomes of children with ectoparasitic skin diseases like tungiasis. Pathophysiology of tungiasis suggests it could detrimentally affect cognition and behaviour. This study pioneered the investigation of neurocognitive and mental health outcomes in children with tungiasis.

Methods: This was a multi-site cross-sectional study including 454 quasi-randomly sampled school-children aged 8–14 from 48 randomly selected schools in two counties in Kenya and a district in Uganda. The participants were stratified into infected and uninfected based on the presence of tungiasis. The infected were further …

Strategies For Culturally Safe Research With Native American Communities: An Integrative Review, Teresa Brockie, Kyle X. Hill, Patricia Davidson, Ellie Decker, Lydia Koh Krienke, Katie E. Nelson, Natalie Nicholson, Alicia M. Werk, Deborah Wilson, Deana Around Him

Indigenous Health Faculty Publications

Background: A history of unethical research and deficit-based paradigms have contributed to profound mistrust of research among Native Americans, serving as an important call to action. Lack of cultural safety in research with Native Americans limits integration of cultural and contextual knowledge that is valuable for understanding challenges and making progress toward sustainable change. Aim: To identify strategies for promoting cultural safety, accountability, and sustainability in research with Native American communities. Method: Using an integrative review approach, three distinct processes were carried out: (1) appraisal of peer-reviewed literature (Scopus, PubMed, and ProQuest), (2) review of grey literature (e.g. policy documents …

Nurses' Knowledge, Attitude, And Practices Towards Trauma Care Among Patients Admitted In The Surgical Wards At Kenyatta National Hospital, Shemmy Hussain Sharafat

MSc in Advanced Practice Nursing

Trauma-related injuries contribute to a higher mortality rate than the combined impact of prevalent infectious diseases. Notably, mortality secondary to trauma is disproportionately elevated in low- to middle-income countries compared to their developed counterparts. In these resource-constrained settings, trauma care stands out as one of the least developed aspects of healthcare, hindered by an uncoordinated system and limited resources. Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH), positioned publicly and proximate to significant roadways, experiences a substantial influx of patients with trauma-related injuries. Despite preventive initiatives, the incidence of trauma-related injuries has surged significantly, placing a heavy burden on KNH. This study aims to …

Risk, Responsibility, Resilience, Respect: Covid-19 And The Protection Of Health Care Workers, William M. Sage, Victoria L. Tiase

Faculty Scholarship

Medicine and nursing have long professional traditions of altruism and self-sacrifice, including undertaking not only extreme stress but also personal risk in service of patient care. With exceptions for natural disasters, humanitarian missions, and military service, however, recent concerns about professional “burnout” often have had more to do with mismanagement, exploitation, and generational or technological change than with core clinical circumstances. The COVID-19 pandemic changed that – bringing front and center the close connections between the well-being of health care workers and the well-being of the patients they serve. This chapter begins with the COVID-19 experience of health care workers …

Using Biometrics, Behavioral Observations, And Multiple Molecular Techniques To Assess The Impacts Of Changes In Temperature And Salinity On The Common Bay Mussel (Mytilus Trossulus), Casey Martin

Dissertations and Theses

The intertidal zone is a place of rapid and frequent change that is home to a variety of creatures who are essential to the integrity of the habitat. Mussels are robust sessile bivalves that anchor to the rocks of the intertidal. The prominent species on the Oregon Coast, the Common Bay Mussel (Mytilus trossulus), plays an essential role as a coastal food source, water column filter, and barrier to prevent erosion due to wave action. Mytilus trossulus withstands daily shifts in temperature, salinity, and tide, as well as seasonal changes. Global climate change due to excess carbon emissions …

Involuntary And Patient-Initiated Delays In Medical Care During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Erin Todd Bronchetti, Ellen B. Magenheim, E. K. Bergmann

Economics Faculty Works

This paper uses data from a new, nationally representative survey to study delays in non–COVID-related medical care among US adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. We expand on prior research by taking a comprehensive look at the many reasons patients may have experienced delays in medical care and by studying the longer-run implications of these delays for patients’ self-reported health, use of telemedicine, feelings of regret, and likelihood of delaying care again in the future. Classifying delays in care broadly as involuntary (those due to availability or “supply-side” constraints) or patient-initiated (those due to patient concerns or “demand-side” constraints), we document …

Cell Surface And Plasma Biomarkers Of Kaposi Sarcoma, Sara R. Privatt

Dissertations and Doctoral Documents, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2023–

Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus is the etiological agent of several pathologies including Kaposi sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma, and multicentric Castleman’s disease. Here, we investigated both the tumor microenvironment (TME) in KS lesions as well as plasma from KSHV-infected individuals and how metabolic dysfunction and dysregulated cytokines might have a systemic effect on KS tumorigenesis. Based on previously published KS tumor transcriptomics, one aspect of our investigation involved characterizing cell surface glycoproteins with potential to serve as therapeutic targets against KSHV-infected cells or KS tumors or as biomarkers for disease. Expression patterns of such markers may also suggest the cellular origin of …