Digital Commons Network^™

Media Literacy And Covid-19 Communication: Work And Home Sphere Differences, Donnalyn Pompper, Tugce Ertem-Eray

Journal of Media Literacy Education

As a learning process wherein we ask questions to enhance knowledge, media literacy offers a powerful lens for examining how people practice communication across diverse applied contexts such as professional communicators shaping messages about COVID-19. Borrowing a page from Renee Hobbs’ (1998, 1999, 2010, 2011, 2021) media literacy education research, we sought to compare/contrast media content creators’ (journalism, advertising, public relations, marketing communication) information-seeking behaviors during the 2020-2022 COVID-19 pandemic for both their paid work and unpaid volunteer work, as well as for their own and family edification. Blending the media literacy lens with social construction theory (Berger & Luckmann, …

Communities At Risk For Mpox And Stigmatizing Policies: A Randomized Survey, Republic Of Korea, 2022, Ashley Fox, Yongjin Choi

Public Administration and Policy Faculty Scholarship

Objectives. To estimate the impact of communicating to the public that men who have sex with men (MSM) are most at risk for mpox on potential stigmatization and risk perception.

Methods. We conducted a survey experiment randomizing exposure to messages about mpox among a sample of the South Korean public (n51500) in July 2022. We randomized respondents to receive an informational message about mpox that was (1) a neutral informational message about mpox that did not highlight its origins or risk groups (control group), (2) a message explaining that the virus originated in Africa, or (3) a message emphasizing that …

Microbiologist Fred Tenover ’76 Joins Ud Faculty, With Focus On Faith And Science, Dave Larsen

College of Arts and Sciences Newsroom

Fred Tenover first learned the importance of integrating faith and science as a University of Dayton student, working in the biology lab of the late Br. Don Geiger, S.M.

Engineered Reporter Phages For Detection Of Escherichia Coli, Enterococcus, And Klebsiella In Urine, Susanne Meile, Jonas Marschall, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The rapid detection and species-level differentiation of bacterial pathogens facilitates antibiotic stewardship and improves disease management. Here, we develop a rapid bacteriophage-based diagnostic assay to detect the most prevalent pathogens causing urinary tract infections: Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp., and Klebsiella spp. For each uropathogen, two virulent phages were genetically engineered to express a nanoluciferase reporter gene upon host infection. Using 206 patient urine samples, reporter phage-induced bioluminescence was quantified to identify bacteriuria and the assay was benchmarked against conventional urinalysis. Overall, E. coli, Enterococcus spp., and Klebsiella spp. were each detected with high sensitivity (68%, 78%, 87%), specificity (99%, 99%, …

Disqualifying Conduct: How Failure To Regulate The United States Olympic Committee Enables Athlete Abuse, Allison Berquist

Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary

In the aftermath of the USA Gymnastics Scandal, Congress passed the Protecting Young Victims from Sexual Abuse and Safe Sport Authorization Act of 2017 and Empowering Olympic, Paralympic, and Amateur Athletes Act of 2020 to protect athletes from abuse. This comment examines how years of unregulated Olympic Sport controlled by the United States Olympic and Paralympic Committee (USOPC) created systems that make young athletes vulnerable to abuse. Part I provides a background of the Olympic Movement, specifically detailing events and legislation that prompted recent legislation. Part II describes the Safe Sport Authorization Act of 2017 and Empowering Olympic, Paralympic, and …

Mother Of Exiles: Hospitality & Comprehensive Immigration Reform, Ana M. Rodriguez

Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary

This article examines the historical pattern of denying immigration in the U.S. on moral and supposedly Christian grounds. Although it is reasonable that no nation is duty-bound to welcome every foreigner and provide the same benefits afforded those with full citizenship, this article contends that a genuinely Christian response demands the biblical core value of hospitality to others. Indeed, xenophobia is the antithesis of hospitality and cannot be supported by a faithful, exegetical interpretation of the Christian Bible. It should be noted that this article does not propose the emergence of an American theocracy; however, hospitality-based dialogue and humanitarian principles …

Effects Of Childhood Health And Adversity On Women’S Estrous And Extended Sexuality In Romantic Relationships, Tran Dinh

Psychology ETDs

Variations in childhood conditions may favor different strategies of investment in pair-bonds and reproduction. The current study followed 213 romantically-involved women up to four times across the ovulatory cycle. Analyses find that childhood health and adversity moderate hormone-dependent changes in women’s sexual interests, oxytocin responses, and mate preferences. In light of proposed paternity assurance functions of extended (non-conceptive) sexuality, results suggest women with poorer, compared to better, childhood conditions prioritize bond formation but invest less in maintaining or bolstering partner investment. The estrous (conceptive) sexuality of women with poor childhood health may reflect greater investments in current reproduction, even when …

Sars‑Cov‑2 Entry Into And Evolution Within A Skilled Nursing Facility, Nicole R. Sexton, Parker Parker Cline, Emily N. Gallichotte, Emily Fitzmeyer, Michael C. Young, Ashley J. Janich, Kristy L. Pabilonia, Nicole Ehrhart, Gregory D. Ebel

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the family Coronaviridae which includes multiple human pathogens that have an outsized impact on aging populations. As a novel human pathogen, SARS-CoV-2 is undergoing continuous adaptation to this new host species and there is evidence of this throughout the scientific and public literature. However, most investigations of SARS-CoV-2 evolution have focused on largescale collections of data across diverse populations and/or living environments. Here we investigate SARS-CoV-2 evolution in epidemiologically linked individuals within a single outbreak at a skilled nursing facility beginning with initial introduction of the pathogen. The data demonstrate that SARSCoV- 2 was introduced to the …

Computation Of The Basic Reproduction Numbers For Reaction-Diffusion Epidemic Models, Chayu Yang, Jin Wang

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

We consider a class of k-dimensional reaction-diusion epidemic models (k = 1; 2; • • • ) that are developed from autonomous ODE systems. We present a computational approach for the calculation and analysis of their basic reproduction numbers. Particularly, we apply matrix theory to study the relationship between the basic reproduction numbers of the PDE models and those of their underlying ODE models. We show that the basic reproduction numbers are the same for these PDE models and their associated ODE models in several important scenarios. We additionally provide two numerical examples to verify our analytical results.

Covid-19 Proactive Disease Management Using Covid Virtual Hospital In A Rural Community, Gandhari Loomis, Regina Rhodes, Ed Bujold, Golnosh Sharafsaleh, Ellen Collett, Mark Irwin, Elizabeth W. Staton, John M. Westfall

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: A community teaching hospital serving a rural population established an intensive “hospital at home” program for patients with COVID-19 utilizing disease risk stratification and pulse oximeter readings to dictate nurse and clinician contact. Herein, we report patient outcomes and provider experiences resulting from this “virtual” approach to triaging pandemic care.

Methods: COVID-19-positive patients appropriate for outpatient management were enrolled in our COVID Virtual Hospital (CVH). Patients received pulse oximeters and instructions for home monitoring of vital signs. CVH nurses contacted the patient within 12–48 hours. The primary care provider was alerted of the patient’s diagnosis and held a virtual …

Previous Health Care Experiences’ Influence On Health Care Perceptions Among Residents In Six Homeless Shelters In Seattle, Washington, July–October 2021, Ashley A. Meehan, Sarah N. Cox, Nicholas B. Thuo, Julia H. Rogers, Amy C. Link, Miguel A. Martinez, Natalie K. Lo, Brian J. Manns, Melissa A. Rolfes, Eric J. Chow, Helen Y. Chu, Emily Mosites, Morhaf Al Achkar

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: The study purpose was to learn and describe 1) where homeless shelter residents receive health care, 2) what contributes to positive or negative health care experiences among shelter residents, and 3) shelter resident perceptions toward health care.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews (SSIs) utilizing purposive sampling and focus group discussions (FGDs) utilizing convenience sampling were conducted at 6 homeless shelters in Seattle-King County, Washington, during July–October 2021. All residents (age ≥ 18) were eligible to participate. SSIs were conducted with 25 residents, and 8 FGDs were held. Thematic analysis was conducted using Dedoose.

Results: Participants received health care …

How Technology May Be Used For Future Disease Predictions, Rich P. Manprisio

Journal of Applied Disciplines

Exasperated by the ongoing global pandemic, the healthcare system is grappling with the formidable challenges posed by proper and effective disease treatments. Nevertheless, amidst these growing difficulties, the healthcare field has witnessed significant technological advancements, offering promising avenues for disease prediction. Notably, a positive correlation exists between the utilization of technologies and their potential to serve as valuable tools for disease prediction. As our reliance on technological sophistication continues progressing, current research highlights numerous viable options to augment the healthcare sector. This review explores the current state of utilizing technologies and their potential to enhance healthcare, shedding light on their …

The Effect Of Sodium Bicarbonate On Acute Kidney Injury Markers During Physical Work In The Heat, Abdulaziz Abdulrahman A. Masoud, Fabiano Amorim, Christine Mermier, Michael Deyhle, Zidong Li

Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences ETDs

Sodium bicarbonate supplementation (NaHCO₃) before physical work in the heat may reduce the risk of developing acute kidney injury (AKI). Purpose: To determine the effects of NaHCO₃ supplementation before a prolonged bout of physical work in the heat on AKI markers and kidney function. Method: A randomized, cross-over, double blinded design was conducted on 8 participants (3 females) who consumed NaHCO₃ (0.2 g/kg body weight) or placebo (CON) before prolonged (120 minutes) moderate intensity (~65% of maximal heart rate) physical work in the heat [40℃ and 23% relative humidity (RH)]. Blood and urine samples were collected …

Proteomic Approaches To Identify Unique And Shared Substrates Among Kinase Family Members, Charles Lincoln Howarth

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

Protein phosphorylation is a reversible post-translational modification that is a critical component of almost all signaling pathways. Kinases regulate substrate proteins through phosphorylation, and nearly all proteins are phosphorylated to some extent. Crucially, breakdown in phosphorylation signaling is an underlying factor in many diseases, including cancer. Understanding how phosphorylation signaling mediates cellular pathways is crucial for understanding cell biology and human disease.

Targeted protein degradation (TPD) is a strategy to rapidly deplete a protein of interest (POI) and is applicable to any gene that is amenable to CRISPR-Cas9 editing. One TPD approach is the auxin-inducible degron (AID) system, which relies …

Whose Social Capital?: Citation And Co-Citation Patterns Of A Fragmented Concept, Jimi Adams, Kate Vinita Fitch

Faculty Publications

Despite its wide use across the social sciences, social capital research has been regularly criticized as having fuzzy conceptualization, resulting in multiple (potentially conflicting) operationalizations. Our analyses employ bibliometric analytic tools to demonstrate the disconnected structure of social capital research. The resulting visualization illustrates one potential source of the confusion surrounding social capital—that there are many, potentially nonoverlapping versions of the idea rather than one unified social capital concept.

Ancestry-Driven Metabolite Variation Provides Insights Into Disease States In Admixed Populations, Kaylia M Reynolds, Andrea R V R Horimoto, Bridget M Lin, Ying Zhang, Nuzulul Kurniansyah, Bing Yu, Eric Boerwinkle, Qibin Qi, Robert Kaplan, Martha Daviglus, Lifang Hou, Laura Y Zhou, Jianwen Cai, Saame Raza Shaikh, Tamar Sofer, Sharon R Browning, Nora Franceschini

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Metabolic pathways are related to physiological functions and disease states and are influenced by genetic variation and environmental factors. Hispanics/Latino individuals have ancestry-derived genomic regions (local ancestry) from their recent admixture that have been less characterized for associations with metabolite abundance and disease risk.

METHODS: We performed admixture mapping of 640 circulating metabolites in 3887 Hispanic/Latino individuals from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). Metabolites were quantified in fasting serum through non-targeted mass spectrometry (MS) analysis using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-MS/MS. Replication was performed in 1856 nonoverlapping HCHS/SOL participants with metabolomic data.

RESULTS: By leveraging local ancestry, this …

Synthesis Of Tools For The Investigation And Treatment Of Infectious Diseases, Grant Lawrence

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Modern medicine’s ability to treat a wide array of diseases is due mainly to the development of small-molecule drug discovery. Thousands of years of traditional medicines have been dwarfed in less than a hundred years. In addition, drug discovery has becoming a more consistent process with the introduction of the clinical trials process as well.Plasmodium is a genus of tropical parasites that have the potential to wreak havoc on billions of people globally. Current methods of drug discovery aimed at defeating these parasites require expensive assays that use radioactive material. By using an alkyne-labeled agent instead of a tritium-labeled agent, …

Comparing Four Indices Of Physiological Stress In An Urban-Adapted Songbird Between Urban And Rural Habitats, Rachel Kaplan

Master of Science in Integrative Biology Theses

Birds show tremendous variation in the extent to which different species tolerate life in urban habitats, yet it remains unclear why some species thrive while others cannot. My work explores possible phenotypes that make an urban-adapted species, the European starling (Sturnus vulgaris), so successful in both rural and urban areas. Literature on stress-urbanization relationship remains highly equivocal partly due to an array of different study systems being compared as well as to key methodological differences. The present study quantified metrics of both acute stress (i.e., stress-induced corticosterone and breath rate) and chronic stress (i.e., baseline corticosterone and total …

Performance Of A Modified Fracture Risk Assessment Tool For Fragility Fracture Prediction Among Older Veterans Living With Hiv, Julie A Womack, Terrence E Murphy, Linda Leo-Summers, Farah Kidwai-Khan, Melissa Skanderson, Thomas M Gill, Barbara Gulanski, Maria C Rodriguez-Barradas, Phyllis C Tien, Michael T Yin, Evelyn Hsieh

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: Fragility fractures (fractures) are a critical outcome for persons aging with HIV (PAH). Research suggests that the fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX) only modestly estimates fracture risk among PAH. We provide an updated evaluation of how well a 'modified FRAX' identifies PAH at risk for fractures in a contemporary HIV cohort.

DESIGN: Cohort study.

METHODS: We used data from the Veterans Aging Cohort Study to evaluate veterans living with HIV, aged 50+ years, for the occurrence of fractures from 1 January 2010 through 31 December 2019. Data from 2009 were used to evaluate the eight FRAX predictors available to …

Tuberculosis As A Complication Of Bcg In The Treatment Of Bladder Carcinoma: Tuberculosis As A Complication Of Bcg In The Treatment Of Bladder Carcinoma, Hiba Adnan Hameed, Mohammad Yahya Abdulrazaq, Abass Farhood Hussein

Iraqi National Journal of Medicine

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), is a live attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis, and is the essential constituent of the vaccine against tuberculosis (TB) and adjuvant treatment for bladder cancer.  This vaccine has a potential pathogenic action; bacilli can cause recorded complications that can be located locally near the site of inoculation and at a distance through blood dissemination root. The BCG-related disease can represent a side effect of anti-TB vaccination in patients with acquired or congenital immunodeficiency or a complication of the therapeutic oncologic schedule in patients with malignancy. Here in we report three cases of BCG-related disease which visited our …

Effectiveness Of Individualized Counseling On The Duration Of Exclusive Breastfeeding: Study Protocol For A Multicenter, Randomized, Parallel, And Open Clinical Trial., Mariana Torreglosa Ruiz, Elisa Da Conceição Rodrigues, Karine Emanuelle Peixoto Oliveira Da Silva, Cynthya Viana De Resende, Michele Curcino Cavalcanti, Luciano Marques Dos Santos, Monika Wernet, Ana Letícia Monteiro Gomes, Marialda Moreira Christoffel, Maria Beatriz Guimarães Raponi, Jéssica Aparecida Da Silva, Jacqueline Faria De Oliveira, Divanice Contim, Ana Linares

Nursing Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Despite the benefits of breastfeeding, early weaning is a reality, so less than 50% of children worldwide and in Brazil are on exclusive breastfeeding in the sixth month of life. A strategy to counteract this scenario is breastfeeding counseling. This study aims to verify the effectiveness of individualized counseling by nurses trained in breastfeeding counseling, on the duration of exclusive breastfeeding, compared to standard care.

METHODS: Multicenter, randomized, parallel, and open clinical trial, with primiparous women aged over 18 years, hospitalized in rooming-in wards at participating centers and hemodynamically stable, aware, and oriented, who had a single-fetus pregnancy and …

Health And Quality Of Life Among People With Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities And Direct Support Professionals During The Early United States Covid-19 Pandemic, Erin Vinoski Thomas, Bridgette M. Schram, Sombal Bari, Rachel Odunlami, Kristina M. Ormond, Sydnie E. Smith

Developmental Disabilities Network Journal

People with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) and the direct support professionals (DSPs) who support them have faced unique risks to their health and quality of life (QoL) throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. We sought to understand how COVID-19 has influenced QoL and overall well-being among these populations. We conducted a Rapid Qualitative Inquiry study with a sample of people with IDD and DSPs (n = 18) to gain deeper perspectives about QoL and well-being during the pandemic. Participants described that changes in QoL were typically negative and influenced primarily by reduced socialization and impacts on health and independence; however, …

Resistance To Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 Infection Conferred By A Compound Ccr5Δ32 And Ccr5 C20s Heterozygote, Bashar Alkhatib, Mary Jabari, Shymaa Bilasy, Husni Abdul-Rahman, Kamal Sandhu, Stephen Lai, Ghalib Alkhatib

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

We analyzed findings in a same-gender couple discordant in their human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status. The HIV+ partner was homozygous for CCR5 while his receptive HIV- partner was a CCR5Δ32 heterozygote with a C20S missense mutation in his CCR5 allele. The cells from the HIV- partner showed significant resistance to R5 fusion/infection and had no chemotactic response to CCL4 (macrophage inflammatory protein 1β). We demonstrated abundant CCR5-specific RNA in the HIV- partner's cells but no detectable CCR5 protein. CCR5 promoter region cloned from each partner's DNA indicated no significant impact on RNA transcription. The compound effect of CCR5Δ32 and C20S …

An Observational Study To Develop A Predictive Model For Bacterial Pneumonia Diagnosis In Severe Covid-19 Patients-C19-Pneumoscore, Eloisa Sofia Tanzarella, Joel Vargas, Marco Menghini, Stefania Postorino, Francesca Pozzana, Maria Sole Vallecoccia, Francesco Lorenzo De Matteis, Federico Franchi, Amato Infante, Luigi Larosa, Maria Antonietta Mazzei, Salvatore Lucio Cutuli, Domenico Luca Grieco, Alessandra Bisanti, Simone Carelli, Gianmarco Lombardi, Edoardo Piervincenzi, Gabriele Pintaudi, Tommaso Pirronti, Mario Tumbarello, Massimo Antonelli, Gennaro De Pascale

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In COVID-19 patients, antibiotics overuse is still an issue. A predictive scoring model for the diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia at intensive care unit (ICU) admission would be a useful stewardship tool. We performed a multicenter observational study including 331 COVID-19 patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation at ICU admission; 179 patients with bacterial pneumonia; and 152 displaying negative lower-respiratory samplings. A multivariable logistic regression model was built to identify predictors of pulmonary co-infections, and a composite risk score was developed using β-coefficients. We identified seven variables as predictors of bacterial pneumonia: vaccination status (OR 7.01; 95% CI, 1.73-28.39); chronic kidney disease …

Notes From The Field: Multipathogen Respiratory Virus Testing Among Primary And Secondary School Students And Staff Members In A Large Metropolitan School District - Missouri, November 2, 2022-April 19, 2023., Jennifer Goldman, Brian R. Lee, Janelle Porter, Anila Deliu, Shannon Tilsworth, Olivia M. Almendares, Sadia Sleweon, Hannah L. Kirking, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Jennifer E. Schuster

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

No abstract provided.

Lrp1 Is Essential For Lethal Rift Valley Fever Hepatic Disease In Mice, Madeline M Schwarz, Safder S Ganaie, Annie Feng, Griffin Brown, Tenzin Yangdon, J Michael White, Ryan M Hoehl, Cynthia M Mcmillen, Rachael E Rush, Kaleigh A Connors, Xiaoxia Cui, Daisy W Leung, Takeshi Egawa, Gaya K Amarasinghe, Amy L Hartman

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is an emerging arbovirus found in Africa. While RVFV is pantropic and infects many cells and tissues, viral replication and necrosis within the liver play a critical role in mediating severe disease. The low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (Lrp1) is a recently identified host factor for cellular entry and infection by RVFV. The biological significance of Lrp1, including its role in hepatic disease in vivo, however, remains to be determined. Because Lrp1 has a high expression level in hepatocytes, we developed a mouse model in which Lrp1 is specifically deleted in hepatocytes to test how …

Daily Sbar Sheet For Pediatric Patients With Central Lines, Jordan M. Enzwiler

Dissertations

Problem: The patient’s daily central line Theraworx baths were not being documented and completed at a mid-Missouri teaching hospital. After completing a retrospective chart review for 2022, 8.35% (n=90) of daily central line Theraworx baths were documented. Daily central line baths decrease central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI), prolonged hospital stays, and costs.

Methods: The quality improvement (QI) project utilized a pilot retrospective and prospective pre-post-design. A retrospective chart review on daily central line Theraworx baths was conducted on patients two years and older within the pediatric service line who had a central line. A situation, background, assessment, and recommendation (SBAR) …

Vaccine Hesitancy, Provider Time, And Decision To Vaccinate, Kenneth Shackelford

Dissertations

Problem: To date, there is a significant gap in the literature involving studies evaluating the time healthcare providers spend educating vaccine-hesitant caregivers about the necessity for their child’s immunizations. Due to alarming resurgence rates of vaccine-preventable diseases in children, this project aimed to answer the following question: In vaccine-hesitant caregivers of newborns through six months of age, what is the effect of provider discussion time on vaccine administration (item) at well-child visits during the child’s first six months of life?

Methods: Using a descriptive observation design, pre-collected data on provider discussion time and vaccine administration was evaluated retrospectively from …

Outpatient Sexually Transmitted Infection Testing And Treatment Patterns In The United States: A Real-World Database Study, Rebecca Lillis, Louis Kuritzky, Zune Huynh, Rodney Arcenas, Avneet Hansra, Roma Shah, Baiyu Yang, Stephanie N. Taylor

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) are the most common notifiable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the United States. Because symptoms of these infections often overlap with other urogenital infections, misdiagnosis and incorrect treatment can occur unless appropriate STI diagnostic testing is performed in clinical settings. The objective of this study was to describe STI diagnostic testing and antimicrobial treatment patterns and trends among adolescent and adult men and women with lower genitourinary tract symptoms (LGUTS). Methods: We analyzed insurance claims data from the IBM® MarketScan® Research Databases. Patients included were between 14 and 64 years old with …

Pediatric Streptococcal Pharyngitis Testing And Treatment Practices, Amanda Welch

Dissertations

Objective: The purpose of this pilot quality improvement study was to implement SmartPhrases and assess its impact on adherence to the Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA) guideline for Group A Streptococcus (GAS) pharyngitis testing and treatment in pediatric patients ages 1-16 years old. The aim was to use SmartPhrases to improve adherence with the IDSA guideline by 30% for GAS pharyngitis swabbing and 10% for appropriate antibiotic prescribing in three months.

Methods: A retrospective data analysis approach was used, in reviewing SmartPhrases data from the electronic health records (EHR) in a metropolitan Urgent Care. This data were collected from …