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2023

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Survival, Persistence, Regrowth And Morphotype Variation Of Listeria Monocytogenes Strains After Exposure To First Generation And Second Generation Quaternary Ammonium Compounds In Water, Stephen Schade Aug 2023

Survival, Persistence, Regrowth And Morphotype Variation Of Listeria Monocytogenes Strains After Exposure To First Generation And Second Generation Quaternary Ammonium Compounds In Water, Stephen Schade

Theses and Dissertations

Listeria monocytogenes is one of the toughest challenges the food industry is facing today. While quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC) are typically applied at very high concentrations to kill L. monocytogenes, there are some factors that can cause its reduced efficacy in the food processing environment. Sublethal concentrations of stagnated QAC have been found both in processing plants and in waste waters released to the environment. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of two L. monocytogenes strains, Bug600 (serotype 1/2a) and ScottA (serotype 4b) to persist in lethal and sublethal concentrations of first generation QAC (benzalkonium …

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Metabolic Adaptation Of Staphylococcus Aureus Pathogenesis And Therapeutic Approach In Diabetic Foot Ulcers., Carol L. Baker Aug 2023

Metabolic Adaptation Of Staphylococcus Aureus Pathogenesis And Therapeutic Approach In Diabetic Foot Ulcers., Carol L. Baker

Theses and Dissertations

37.3 million Americans (11.2% of the US population) currently have Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with over 1.5 million new cases being diagnosed each year. The multifactorial etiology of the patient having neuropathy, overweight/obesity, foot deformities, ischemia, and infection leads to a condition called diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). One in six patients with a DFU will require amputation with infected DFUs have a 155-fold increased risk of amputation. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common bacteria isolated from severe DFU infections that require amputation. Interestingly, diabetics are more heavily colonized with S. aureus compared to non-diabetics suggesting a unique advantageous adaptation …

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Evaluating The Immunogenicity Of Colonization Proteins Of S. Pneumoniae For Identification Of Vaccine Candidates, Isidora Fereday Aug 2023

Evaluating The Immunogenicity Of Colonization Proteins Of S. Pneumoniae For Identification Of Vaccine Candidates, Isidora Fereday

Theses and Dissertations

Streptococcus pneumoniae is typically an asymptomatic colonizer of the upper respiratory tract but can cause invasive disease in susceptible populations. Pneumococcal vaccines which are currently in use have failed to significantly reduce colonization by S. pneumoniae. To control invasive pneumococcal disease, novel strategies must be utilized. One such strategy is to reduce or eradicate colonization by pneumococcus. Supplementary vaccination with pneumococcal proteins important for colonization could serve to prime the immune system against these targets. This study serves as an initial step towards identification of crucial pneumococcal colonization proteins which may previously have been uncharacterized. Assessing the immune reactivity …

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Vaccination And Immune Response Of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus Punctatus) Against Virulent Aeromonas Hydrophila, Basant Mahmoud Ali Gomaa Aug 2023

Vaccination And Immune Response Of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus Punctatus) Against Virulent Aeromonas Hydrophila, Basant Mahmoud Ali Gomaa

Theses and Dissertations

Virulent Aeromonas hydrophila (vAh) is a causative agent of motile Aeromonas septicemia (MAS) in catfish. There are limitations in the current therapeutic and preventative strategies against vAh. The pathogenesis of MAS as well as the immune response of catfish to vAh infection are poorly understood. The aim of this study is to: 1) develop a dual live attenuated vaccine against MAS and enteric septicemia of catfish caused by Edwardsiella ictaluri; and 2) evaluate the vAh bacterial load and gene expression patterns in catfish tissues following vAh infection. Previously, six recombinant vAh …

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Nutritional Strategies To Reduce Salmonella Enteritidis Infections In Laying Hens: Prebiotic, Probiotic, And Precision Biotics, Ishab Poudel Aug 2023

Nutritional Strategies To Reduce Salmonella Enteritidis Infections In Laying Hens: Prebiotic, Probiotic, And Precision Biotics, Ishab Poudel

Theses and Dissertations

Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) infections in laying hens is a significant cause of foodborne illness linked to the consumption of contaminated eggs. This dissertation encompasses novel strategies aimed to explore appropriate in-vitro and in-vivo models to evaluate the effects of these novel strategies to reduce SE in laying hens. Firstly, we investigated the potential probiotics, prebiotics, and essential oil combinations to reduce SE in-vitro. The results showed that probiotics and prebiotics are equally effective to reduce SE. In subsequent studies, we evaluated the role of vaccination history on cecal microbiota and SE infections with various doses of oral SE challenge. …

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Advancing Poultry Nutrition Through Statistical Strategies To Reduce Experimental Variation And Novel Protease Enzyme Research, Caleb Morgan Marshall Aug 2023

Advancing Poultry Nutrition Through Statistical Strategies To Reduce Experimental Variation And Novel Protease Enzyme Research, Caleb Morgan Marshall

Theses and Dissertations

Increasingly, nutritionists are challenged to optimize broiler genetic capacity, while considering varying ingredient qualities and pricing, to meet production goals and profitability. Due to scale and cost, university and private research is often used by nutritionists to help make these decisions; thus, requiring these facilities to detect small, incremental improvements. In Chapters 1 and 2, processing data from several nutrition research trials were utilized to evaluate the impact of processing personnel, sample size, and unit of analysis on the detection of dietary differences. By accounting for potential variability between personnel (as a covariant) and selecting an adequate sample size for …

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Use Of Comparative Genomics And In Vitro Screening Approach To Identify Vaccine Candidates For The Food-Borne Pathogen Campylobacter Jejuni, Sabin Poudel Aug 2023

Use Of Comparative Genomics And In Vitro Screening Approach To Identify Vaccine Candidates For The Food-Borne Pathogen Campylobacter Jejuni, Sabin Poudel

Theses and Dissertations

Campylobacteriosis is a leading foodborne illness worldwide, primarily caused by Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) which is associated with poultry consumption. The emergence of antibiotic resistance has emphasized the need for alternative strategies to control C. jejuni colonization in poultry. To assess the prevalence of C. jejuni in poultry, 270 cloacal swab samples were collected from broilers raised under No-Antibiotics Ever system. Among these samples, 16.3% were identified as C. jejuni positive. Notably, these isolates exhibited a diverse range of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance genes, with 61.36% of isolates showing hyper-motile and 20.45% demonstrating multidrug resistance. Following isolation, whole genome …

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Expanding One-Dimensional Game Theory-Based Group Decision Models: Extension To N-Dimension And Integration Of Distributed Position Function, Mirhossein Mousavi Karimi Aug 2023

Expanding One-Dimensional Game Theory-Based Group Decision Models: Extension To N-Dimension And Integration Of Distributed Position Function, Mirhossein Mousavi Karimi

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation aims to expand the current one-dimensional game theory based model to a multidimensional model for multi-actor predictive analytics and generalize the concept of position to address problems where actors’ positions are distributed over a position spectrum. The one-dimensional models are used for the problems where actors are interacting in a single issue space only. This is less than an ideal assumption since, in most cases, players’ strategies may depend on the dynamics of multiple issues when dealing with other players. In this research, the one-dimensional model is expanded to N-Dimensional model by considering different positions, and separate salience …

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Distinct Roles For Ltα3 And Ltα1Β2 Produced By B Cells Contribute To Their Multi-Faceted Impact On Ileitis, Emma Claire Erlich Aug 2023

Distinct Roles For Ltα3 And Ltα1Β2 Produced By B Cells Contribute To Their Multi-Faceted Impact On Ileitis, Emma Claire Erlich

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Crohn’s disease, one of the most common forms of inflammatory bowel disease, is marked by local intestinal inflammation. However, pathology in CD patients is not strictly limited to the gastrointestinal system, and almost 50% of CD patients exhibit extraintestinal manifestations of disease. Many, though not all, of these systemic pathologies are linked to intestinal inflammation and, thus, resolution of local gastrointestinal disease also ameliorates systemic disease. How the connection between local and systemic inflammation is mediated is not well understand, nor is why only some patients exhibit these extraintestinal manifestations of disease. Blocking dissemination of inflammatory signals generated in the …

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The Development Of Fetal Immunity From In Utero To Shortly After Birth And Complications That Can Arise From Improper Functioning, Marlee Curnutt Aug 2023

The Development Of Fetal Immunity From In Utero To Shortly After Birth And Complications That Can Arise From Improper Functioning, Marlee Curnutt

Masters Projects

The development of the immune system in humans is highly complex and requires precise timing which is still debated today. Research has shown IL-10 and T-regulatory cells play a significant role in the proper development of the immune system from in utero continuing into months after birth. These components and various cytokines continue to be guiding factors supplemented by the mother via placenta and breastfeeding. The dysregulation of immune development can have detrimental effects on the infant and may lead to autoimmune disorders. In this paper, we aim to further understand the development of the immune system from fetal to …

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Cancer: The Burden Of Treatments Eased By Recent Developments In The Field: A Review Of The Literature, Zachary J. Seim Aug 2023

Cancer: The Burden Of Treatments Eased By Recent Developments In The Field: A Review Of The Literature, Zachary J. Seim

Masters Projects

Cancer is a very prevalent disease that has affected most of the population. Treatment options that have been used for decades are beginning to be outcompeted by newer developments in the field. Newer developments allow a more specific response to cancers that have proven to be very difficult for traditional treatment. Immune specific treatments also give the ability to specifically target areas affected by the cancer, to reduce potential risk of systemic damage and autoimmunity. Developing cancer treatments that are highly specific brings forth a new age of medicine, hoping to prolong the life expectancy of those affected with cancers, …

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Achieving Health Security During The Umayyad Era (41-132 Ah/661-750 Ad), Mashaeh J. Alotaibi Aug 2023

Achieving Health Security During The Umayyad Era (41-132 Ah/661-750 Ad), Mashaeh J. Alotaibi

Information Sciences Letters

This study examines healthcare security measures during the Umayyad era, including therapeutic and preventive measures for individuals, communities, and the environment. The Umayyad era saw a focus on medicine and doctors, the establishment of hospitals, and allocation of departments for the elderly and infectious diseases. The study emphasizes the importance of personal hygiene, cleanliness, and avoiding harmful foods. The Umayyad caliphs prioritized the health of their subjects, including people with disabilities and prisoners. The study recommends prioritizing medical treatment for subjects and promoting hygiene, home cleanliness, planting trees, and using isolated areas during epidemics.

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Means Of Achieving Health Security In The Umayyad Era (41- 132 Ah/661-750 Ad), Mashaeh J. Alotaibi Aug 2023

Means Of Achieving Health Security In The Umayyad Era (41- 132 Ah/661-750 Ad), Mashaeh J. Alotaibi

Information Sciences Letters

The aim of the current study is to examine the means to achieve health care security in the Umayyad era and the most important therapeutic and preventive measures taken to maintain health and prevent the spread of diseases, both for individuals and communities, and at the level of the environment with its various components. The study starts by defining the concept of healthcare security linguistically and terminologically and then focuses on the Umayyad eras interest in taking medical measures, which was manifested in the attention paid to medicine and doctors, who enjoyed a special status during the Umayyad era. This …

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High Fiber Dietary Intervention Induces Change In Role Of Faecalibacterium Prausnitzii In Gut Microbiome Ecosystem, Daniel Cyrus Mousavi, Aditya Mishra, Nadim Ajami, Yan Jiang, Tessa M. Kus, Erma Levy, Marco Montalvo, Jennifer Wargo, Carrie Daniel Macdougall, Jennifer Mcquade Aug 2023

High Fiber Dietary Intervention Induces Change In Role Of Faecalibacterium Prausnitzii In Gut Microbiome Ecosystem, Daniel Cyrus Mousavi, Aditya Mishra, Nadim Ajami, Yan Jiang, Tessa M. Kus, Erma Levy, Marco Montalvo, Jennifer Wargo, Carrie Daniel Macdougall, Jennifer Mcquade

Summer Experience 2023

No abstract provided.

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Ada News - 08/07/2023, American Dental Association, Publishing Division Aug 2023

Ada News - 08/07/2023, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

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Traf3-Ewsr1 Signaling Axis Acts As A Checkpoint On Germinal Center Responses, Yanchuan Li, Lele Zhu, Chun-Jung Ko, Jin-Young Yang, Hongjiao Wang, Ganiraju Manyam, Jing Wang, Xuhong Cheng, Shuli Zhao, Zuliang Jie Aug 2023

Traf3-Ewsr1 Signaling Axis Acts As A Checkpoint On Germinal Center Responses, Yanchuan Li, Lele Zhu, Chun-Jung Ko, Jin-Young Yang, Hongjiao Wang, Ganiraju Manyam, Jing Wang, Xuhong Cheng, Shuli Zhao, Zuliang Jie

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The formation of germinal centers (GCs) is crucial for humoral immunity and vaccine efficacy. Constant stimulation through microbiota drives the formation of constitutive GCs in Peyer's patches (PPs), which generate B cells that produce antibodies against gut antigens derived from commensal bacteria and infectious pathogens. However, the molecular mechanism that regulates this persistent process is poorly understood. We report that Ewing Sarcoma Breakpoint Region 1 (EWSR1) is a brake to constitutive GC generation and immunoglobulin G (IgG) production in PPs, vaccination-induced GC formation, and IgG responses. Mechanistically, EWSR1 suppresses Bcl6 upregulation after antigen encounter, thereby negatively regulating induced GC B …

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Roles Of Type I Interferon Signaling In Drug Resistant Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection, Suhas Bobba Aug 2023

Roles Of Type I Interferon Signaling In Drug Resistant Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection, Suhas Bobba

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health threat, with 10 million people developing active TB disease and a million deaths attributed to TB annually. Emergence of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of TB, has led to half a million cases of drug resistant (DR) TB annually. Further, clinical reports suggest dysregulation and suppression of immune responses in DR TB patients as compared with DS TB patients. However, we do not understand how acquisition of drug resistance-conferring mutations can drive broad and systemic differences in immune responses of DR TB patients. We found that rpoB-H445Y a specific DR …

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The Need To Reconceptualize Wild Animals Post-Covid 19: Miscoordination Of Wildlife Regulations In China’S Food Legal Order, Yi Seul Kim Aug 2023

The Need To Reconceptualize Wild Animals Post-Covid 19: Miscoordination Of Wildlife Regulations In China’S Food Legal Order, Yi Seul Kim

Pace Environmental Law Review

Today, China is one of the largest markets for wild animal trading. Yet, wild animals are in a regulatory grey area. There is an increasing need to revisit how wild animals are simultaneously but differently regulated in the food and wildlife protection regimes. Rarely do attempts to understand these two regimes occur, making this article's analysis of miscoordination in these bodies of law crucial in addressing the hindrance of nationwide food safety improvement efforts.

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Commencement Convocation Program, Usf, August 8, 2023, University Of South Florida Aug 2023

Commencement Convocation Program, Usf, August 8, 2023, University Of South Florida

USF Graduation and Convocation Programs

King O'Neal Scholars - Emma Grace Atherton, Alisa Bakieva, Ginelle Renae Lauryn Brown, Tatyana Soribel Butler, Carter E. Casko, Carli Lilibeth Cohoon, Sarah Lou Shalom Dasent Shuler, Carlos Manuel Figueroa Palomino, Lanette Gonzalez-Lewis, Grace Angelique Heeke, Daniel Thomas Kortenhaus, Emily Margaret Logan, Makayla Long, Abigail Clariece McCurter, Elijah Callaway Mceuen, Sofia Elizabeth Mejia-Naccarato, Rachel Yvonne Stanton, Edward B. Williams, and Parisa Yazdankhah Kenary; Global Citizens Award - Sarah Bagnasco, Sydney Black, Carly Burton, Gladys D. Cantu, Sara Chaj, Lauren Flannery, Emily Hernandez, Anagha Hesaraghatta, Faith Pinamang, Katie Sarnelli, Natalie Spanhake, Kenya A. Sanchez Torres, and Neha Vemuri

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Analyzing Pseudomonas Aeruginosa With Bacteriophage Tags Using Photoacoustic Flow Cytometry, Jennifer C. Schinke Aug 2023

Analyzing Pseudomonas Aeruginosa With Bacteriophage Tags Using Photoacoustic Flow Cytometry, Jennifer C. Schinke

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The number of daily bacterial infections is climbing and the CDC explains that this is due to the antibiotic-resistant threat in the United States. Finding a faster way of bacterial identification is necessary as it currently takes 1-4 days for a medical lab to culture and identify bacteria. Photoacoustic flow cytometry (PAFC) can be used as an alternative method resulting in swift identification within an hour (Edgar, 2019). Pseudomonas aeruginosa, cell line PA01, will be coated in up to a few hundred red dyed phages making it detectible by the photoacoustic flow cytometry system. Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that …

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Multiphasic Molecular Mechanisms Regulate Expression Of Interleukin 1Β, As Well As Other Immediate-Early Genes, In Monocytes And Macrophages, David Macar Aug 2023

Multiphasic Molecular Mechanisms Regulate Expression Of Interleukin 1Β, As Well As Other Immediate-Early Genes, In Monocytes And Macrophages, David Macar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Interleukin 1β (IL-1β), an important cytokine in both health and disease, functions as a major proinflammatory mediator of pathological challenges, including involvement in the cytokine storm associated with Macrophage Activation Syndrome, Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis and the severe secondary effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therapeutic approaches to limiting the effects of IL-1β protein have focused either on specific protein neutralization before release from activated macrophages (by general metabolic inhibitors and inflammasome inhibition) or after release by ligand and receptor obstruction (e.g., Canakinumab, Anakinra and Rilonacept). Although these approaches are efficacious, they inhibit steps after gene expression. Since a single gene expresses …

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Polyethylene Glycol-Mediated Directional Conjugation Of Biological Molecules For Enhanced Immunoassays At The Point-Of-Care, Dheerendranath Battalapalli, Purbali Chakraborty, Disha Jain, Umut A. Gurkan, Robert A. Bonomo, Mohamed S. Draz Aug 2023

Polyethylene Glycol-Mediated Directional Conjugation Of Biological Molecules For Enhanced Immunoassays At The Point-Of-Care, Dheerendranath Battalapalli, Purbali Chakraborty, Disha Jain, Umut A. Gurkan, Robert A. Bonomo, Mohamed S. Draz

Faculty Scholarship

Rapid and reliable point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tests can have a significant impact on global health. One of the most common approaches for developing POC systems is the use of target-specific biomolecules. However, the conjugation of biomolecules can result in decreased activity, which may compromise the analytical performance and accuracy of the developed systems. To overcome this challenge, we present a polymer-based cross-linking protocol for controlled and directed conjugation of biological molecules. Our protocol utilizes a bifunctional thiol-polyethylene glycol (PEG)-hydrazide polymer to enable site-directed conjugation of IgG antibodies to the surface of screen-printed metal electrodes. The metal surface of the electrodes …

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Improving The Rate Of Admission Mrsa Screening And Intervention, Joan U. Ejiofor-Okoli, Bridgitte Gourley, Jean Murray Aug 2023

Improving The Rate Of Admission Mrsa Screening And Intervention, Joan U. Ejiofor-Okoli, Bridgitte Gourley, Jean Murray

Creating Healthy Work Environments (CHWE)

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) is a leading cause of hospital acquired infection (HAI) and healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP), resulting in increased length of stay, morbidity, cost, and death. Oncology patients' risk for MRSA associated death is upwards of 12% and 43.2% for a 60-day and 6-month period, respectively.

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Black College Students Perceptions Of The Covid-19 Vaccine Mandate, Rickae Rodney Aug 2023

Black College Students Perceptions Of The Covid-19 Vaccine Mandate, Rickae Rodney

Theses and Dissertations

This study explored Black college students’ perceptions of COVID-19 related mandates. Black college students with higher perceptions of racism, stronger ethnic identity, and greater distrust in science were expected to have more negative attitudes about COVID-19 vaccine and mask mandates. Results varied when relationships were tested.

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August 4, 2023 Ereporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham Aug 2023

August 4, 2023 Ereporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

eReporter (campus newsletter)

No abstract provided.

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The Association Between Covid-19 Preventive Behaviors And Mental Health Conditions, Elizabeth Wachira, Bhakti Chavan, Carolyn Nganga-Good, Caroline Kingori Aug 2023

The Association Between Covid-19 Preventive Behaviors And Mental Health Conditions, Elizabeth Wachira, Bhakti Chavan, Carolyn Nganga-Good, Caroline Kingori

Faculty Publications

Our findings highlight that individuals with mental health conditions reported more psychological distress. Specifically, feeling depressed, anxious, lonely, and hopeless were triggered and exacerbated as a result of the pandemic and may have long-term effects on general well-being and productivity. Therefore, our findings have important implications on the need to include mental health promotion as part of pandemic response efforts. This includes developing policies and allocating funding so as to ensure sustainable mental health interventions and support, public and provider education on the importance of screening for mental health issues.

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Revolutionising Health Care: Exploring The Latest Advances In Medical Sciences, Gehendra Mahara, Cuihong Tian, Xiaojia Xu, Wei Wang Aug 2023

Revolutionising Health Care: Exploring The Latest Advances In Medical Sciences, Gehendra Mahara, Cuihong Tian, Xiaojia Xu, Wei Wang

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Recent years have seen a revolution in the domain of medical science, with ground-breaking discoveries changing health care as we once knew it [1]. These advances have considerably improved disease diagnosis, treatment, and management, improving patient outcomes and quality of life [2–5]. . . .

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Investigating How Sterol Transport Affects Survival Of The Pathogenic Fungus Cryptococcus Neoformans In Host-Like Conditions, Hau Lam Choy Aug 2023

Investigating How Sterol Transport Affects Survival Of The Pathogenic Fungus Cryptococcus Neoformans In Host-Like Conditions, Hau Lam Choy

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that has an enormous impact on global health and is the most common cause of meningitis in adults living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. With a mortality rate of 10-75%, cryptococcal meningitis results in over 100,000 deaths per year, comprising 18% of all AIDS-related deaths worldwide. These numbers emphasize the need to understand the basic biology and pathogenesis of this fungus. During infection, spores or desiccated yeast cells are inhaled, resulting in primary pulmonary infection. In immunocompetent hosts, these infections are asymptomatic and are either quickly cleared or remain latent. In immunocompromised patients, …

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Dna-Encoded Chemical Libraries Yield Non-Covalent And Non-Peptidic Sars-Cov-2 Main Protease Inhibitors, Ravikumar Jimmidi, Srinivas Chamakuri, Shuo Lu, Melek Nihan Ucisik, Peng-Jen Chen, Kurt M Bohren, Seyed Arad Moghadasi, Leroy Versteeg, Christina Nnabuife, Jian-Yuan Li, Xuan Qin, Ying-Chu Chen, John C Faver, Pranavanand Nyshadham, Kiran L Sharma, Banumathi Sankaran, Allison Judge, Zhifeng Yu, Feng Li, Jeroen Pollet, Reuben S Harris, Martin M Matzuk, Timothy Palzkill, Damian W Young Aug 2023

Dna-Encoded Chemical Libraries Yield Non-Covalent And Non-Peptidic Sars-Cov-2 Main Protease Inhibitors, Ravikumar Jimmidi, Srinivas Chamakuri, Shuo Lu, Melek Nihan Ucisik, Peng-Jen Chen, Kurt M Bohren, Seyed Arad Moghadasi, Leroy Versteeg, Christina Nnabuife, Jian-Yuan Li, Xuan Qin, Ying-Chu Chen, John C Faver, Pranavanand Nyshadham, Kiran L Sharma, Banumathi Sankaran, Allison Judge, Zhifeng Yu, Feng Li, Jeroen Pollet, Reuben S Harris, Martin M Matzuk, Timothy Palzkill, Damian W Young

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The development of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) inhibitors for the treatment of COVID-19 has mostly benefitted from X-ray structures and preexisting knowledge of inhibitors; however, an efficient method to generate Mpro inhibitors, which circumvents such information would be advantageous. As an alternative approach, we show here that DNA-encoded chemistry technology (DEC-Tec) can be used to discover inhibitors of Mpro. An affinity selection of a 4-billion-membered DNA-encoded chemical library (DECL) using Mpro as bait produces novel non-covalent and non-peptide-based small molecule inhibitors of Mpro with low nanomolar Ki values. Furthermore, these compounds demonstrate efficacy against mutant forms of Mpro that …

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Total Rna Sequencing Reveals Gene Expression And Microbial Alterations Shared By Oral Pre-Malignant Lesions And Cancer, Alessandro Villa Aug 2023

Total Rna Sequencing Reveals Gene Expression And Microbial Alterations Shared By Oral Pre-Malignant Lesions And Cancer, Alessandro Villa

All Publications

Head and neck cancers are a complex malignancy comprising multiple anatomical sites, with cancer of the oral cavity ranking among the deadliest and the most disfiguring cancers globally. Oral cancer (OC) constitutes a subset of head and neck cancer cases, presenting primarily as tobacco- and alcohol-associated oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), with a 5-year survival rate of ~ 65%, partly due to the lack of early detection and effective treatments. OSCC arises from premalignant lesions (PMLs) in the oral cavity through a multi-step series of clinical and histopathological stages, including varying degrees of epithelial dysplasia. To gain insights into the …

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