Digital Commons Network^™

Inducible Crispr-Targeted "Knockdown" Of Human Gut Bacteroides In Gnotobiotic Mice Discloses Glycan Utilization Strategies, Zachary W Beller, Darryl A Wesener, Timothy R Seebeck, Janaki L Guruge, Alexandra E Byrne, Suzanne Henrissat, Jeffrey I Gordon, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Understanding how members of the human gut microbiota prioritize nutrient resources is one component of a larger effort to decipher the mechanisms defining microbial community robustness and resiliency in health and disease. This knowledge is foundational for development of microbiota-directed therapeutics. To model how bacteria prioritize glycans in the gut, germfree mice were colonized with 13 human gut bacterial strains, including seven saccharolytic

A Peptide-Binding Domain Shared With An Antarctic Bacterium Facilitates, Cameron J Lloyd, Shuaiqi Guo, Brett Kinrade, Hossein Zahiri, Robert Eves, Fitnat Yildiz, Peter L Davies, Karl E Klose

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Axl-Initiated Paracrine Activation Of Pstat3 Enhances Mesenchymal And Vasculogenic Supportive Features Of Tumor-Associated Macrophages, Chia-Nung Hung, Meizhen Chen, Daniel T Dearmond, Cheryl H-L Chiu, Catherine A Limboy, Meena Kusi, Li-Ling Lin, Zhao Zhang, Chiou-Miin Wang, Chun-Liang Chen, Kohzoh Mitsuya, Pawel A Osmulski, Maria E Gaczynska, Nameer B Kirma, Ratna K Vadlamudi, Don L Gibbons, Steve Warner, Andrew J Brenner, Daruka Mahadevan, Joel E Michalek, Tim H-M Huang, Josephine A Taverna

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are integral to the development of complex tumor microenvironments (TMEs) and can execute disparate cellular programs in response to extracellular cues. However, upstream signaling processes underpinning this phenotypic plasticity remain to be elucidated. Here, we report that concordant AXL-STAT3 signaling in TAMs is triggered by lung cancer cells or cancer-associated fibroblasts in the cytokine milieu. This paracrine action drives TAM differentiation toward a tumor-promoting "M2-like" phenotype with upregulation of CD163 and putative mesenchymal markers, contributing to TAM heterogeneity and diverse cellular functions. One of the upregulated markers, CD44, mediated by AXL-IL-11-pSTAT3 signaling cascade, enhances macrophage ability to …

Pet Imaging Of Microglia Using Pbr28suv Determines Therapeutic Efficacy Of Autologous Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells Therapy In Traumatic Brain Injury, Henry W Caplan, Fanni Cardenas, Franciska Gudenkauf, Karen Uray, Amit K Srivastava, Alan R Prossin, Charles S Cox

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in activated microglia. Activated microglia can be measured in vivo by using positron emission topography (PET) ligand peripheral benzodiazepine receptor standardized uptake values (PBR28suv). Cell based therapies have utilized autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) to attenuate activated microglia after TBI. This study aims to utilize in vivo PBR28suv to assess the efficacy of BMMNCs therapy after TBI. Seventy-two hours after CCI injury, BMMNCs were harvested from the tibia and injected via tail-vein at 74 h after injury at a concentration of 2 million cells per kilogram of body weight. There were three groups of …

Pet Imaging Of Microglia Using Pbr28suv Determines Therapeutic Efficacy Of Autologous Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells Therapy In Traumatic Brain Injury, Henry W Caplan, Fanni Cardenas, Franciska Gudenkauf, Karen Uray, Amit K Srivastava, Alan R Prossin, Charles S Cox

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in activated microglia. Activated microglia can be measured in vivo by using positron emission topography (PET) ligand peripheral benzodiazepine receptor standardized uptake values (PBR28suv). Cell based therapies have utilized autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) to attenuate activated microglia after TBI. This study aims to utilize in vivo PBR28suv to assess the efficacy of BMMNCs therapy after TBI. Seventy-two hours after CCI injury, BMMNCs were harvested from the tibia and injected via tail-vein at 74 h after injury at a concentration of 2 million cells per kilogram of body weight. There were three groups of …

The Effect Of Music Therapy Interventions For Early Adolescents With Special Needs To Improve On-Task Behaviors, Shuolin Kong

Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the effects of music therapy intervention on on-task behaviors of early adolescents with autism spectrum disorder and/or intellectual disabilities. A within-subject research design was used with four early adolescents diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder and/or intellectual disabilities from a Junior high school in the United States. Four school-age students from one classroom (N=4, male= 2, female= 2, mean ages =11.75 years) were selected and assigned to attend two alternated treatment conditions: four group non-music therapy sessions (Treatment A) and four group music therapy sessions (Treatment B). A security video camera recorded the duration of on-task behaviors under …

Comparative Skull Morphology Of California Sea Lions (Zalophus Californianus) And Steller Sea Lions (Eumetopias Jubatus) In The Pacific Northwest And Implications For Hybridization, Ada Iris Garcia Garcia

Dissertations and Theses

Eumetopias jubatus (Steller sea lions) that breed on the Oregon coast are smaller than those found both in Alaska and California. During the breeding season, male Zalophus californianus (California sea lions) move past E. jubatus rookeries in Oregon on their way to their breeding rookeries in Southern California. Introgression potentially could explain the difference in size of Oregon E. jubatus relative to remaining populations. At Portland State University (PSU), the marine mammal collection of the Museum of Vertebrate Biology has over 200 skulls of Z. californianus and E. jubatus from throughout northern Oregon and southern Washington. To assess whether morphologically …

Machine Learning In Marine Ecology: An Overview Of Techniques And Applications, Peter Rubbens, Stephanie Brodie, Tristan Cordier, D Destro Barcellos, Paul Devos, Jose A. Fernandes-Salvador, Jennifer I. Fincham, Alessandra Gomes, Nils Olav Handegard, Kerry Howell, Cédric Jamet, Kyrre Heldal Kartveit, Hassan Moustahfid, Clea Parcerisas, Dimitris Politikos, Raphaëlle Sauzède, Maria Sokolova, Laura Uusitalo, L Van Den Bulcke, Atm Van Helmond, Jordan T. Watson, Heather Welch, Oscar Beltran-Perez, Samuel Chaffron, David S. Greenberg, Bernhard Kühn, Rainer Kiko, Madiop Lo, Rubens M. Lopes, Rubens M. Lopes, William Michaels, Ahmet Pala, Jean Baptiste Romagnan, Pia Schuchert, Vahid Seydi, Sebastian Villasante, Ketil Malde, Jean Olivier Irisson

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Machine learning covers a large set of algorithms that can be trained to identify patterns in data. Thanks to the increase in the amount of data and computing power available, it has become pervasive across scientific disciplines. We first highlight why machine learning is needed in marine ecology. Then we provide a quick primer on machine learning techniques and vocabulary. We built a database of ∼1000 publications that implement such techniques to analyse marine ecology data. For various data types (images, optical spectra, acoustics, omics, geolocations, biogeochemical profiles, and satellite imagery), we present a historical perspective on applications that proved …

Tissue Factor Activates The Coagulation Cascade In Mouse Models Of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia, Yohei Hisada, Tomohiro Kawano, Sierra J Archibald, John S Welch, Brandi N Reeves, Nigel Mackman

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is associated with a high risk of bleeding and thrombosis. APL patients have an activated coagulation system, hyperfibrinolysis, and thrombocytopenia. APL cells express tissue factor (TF), a receptor and cofactor for factor VII/VIIa. This study had 2 goals. Firstly, we measured biomarkers of coagulation and fibrinolysis activation as well as platelet counts and bleeding in both mouse xenograft and allograft models of APL. Secondly, we determined the effect of inhibiting TF on the activation of coagulation in these models. We observed increased levels of plasma thrombin-antithrombin complexes (TAT), D-dimer, and plasmin-antiplasmin complexes, reduced platelet counts, and …

Intrinsic Tumor Resistance To Car T Cells Is A Dynamic Transcriptional State That Is Exploitable With Low-Dose Radiation, Alexander B Kim, Ssu-Yu Chou, Solomon Kang, Eric Kwon, Matthew Inkman, Jeff Szymanski, Neal Andruska, Cian Colgan, Jin Zhang, Joanna C Yang, Nathan Singh, Carl J Deselm

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy represents a major advancement for hematologic malignancies, with some patients achieving long-term remission. However, the majority of treated patients still die of their disease. A consistent predictor of response is tumor quantity, wherein a higher disease burden before CAR T-cell therapy portends a worse prognosis. Focal radiation to bulky sites of the disease can decrease tumor quantity before CAR T-cell therapy, but whether this strategy improves survival is unknown. We find that substantially reducing systemic tumor quantity using high-dose radiation to areas of bulky disease, which is commonly done clinically, is less impactful on …

In Vivo Crispr/Cas9 Screening Identifies Pbrm1 As A Regulator Of Myeloid Leukemia Development In Mice, Qian Zhu, Davide Seruggia, Yuko Fujiwara, Christopher R Vakoc, Stuart H Orkin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

CRISPR/Cas9 screening approaches are powerful tool for identifying in vivo cancer dependencies. Hematopoietic malignancies are genetically complex disorders in which the sequential acquisition of somatic mutations generates clonal diversity. Over time, additional cooperating mutations may drive disease progression. Using an in vivo pooled gene editing screen of epigenetic factors in primary murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), we sought to uncover unrecognized genes that contribute to leukemia progression. We, first, modeled myeloid leukemia in mice by functionally abrogating both Tet2 and Tet3 in HSPCs, followed by transplantation. We, then, performed pooled CRISPR/Cas9 editing of genes encoding epigenetic factors and …

Virtual Impacts Of Food Consumption And Opportunities For Closing Resource Loops, Vikas Khanna

Sustainability Seminar Series

Food supply chains have become increasingly complex and characterized by large distances between production and consumption. The first part of this talk will describe an optimization based-model to track the US beef supply chain with a focus on quantifying virtual water and nitrogen impacts. The second part of this presentation will discuss a novel AnMBR (anaerobic membrane bioreactor) platform for resource recovery from animal wastewater streams. Life cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis of the AnMBR platform will be discussed with implications for circular economy.

Is The World Ready To Accept Artificial Intelligence As An Inventor?, Rachel Ackerman

DePaul Law Review

No abstract provided.

Fall 2023 Full Issue, Office Of Undergraduate Research

PANDION: The Osprey Journal of Research and Ideas

Full Fall 2023 issue of the Pandion Journal, volume 4, issue 1.

The Green Sea Turtle, Sierra Rhiannon Brown

PANDION: The Osprey Journal of Research and Ideas

Artist Statement

The Green Sea Turtle is a piece I produced as a part of my final portfolio for the Scientific Illustration course I participated in during the summer semester of 2022. The Green Sea Turtle is a watercolor and gauche painting on Bristol paper that was created as part of a collection representing each of the five sea turtle species native to the Florida coasts. Green sea turtles (Chelonia Mydas) are the largest species of hard-shelled turtle in the world, they are also unique because of their specialized diet which consists primarily of sea grass and algae. …

Shifting Presentation: How Nonbinary College Students Respond To Deadnaming And Misgendering, Charlotte Arechederra

PANDION: The Osprey Journal of Research and Ideas

As society becomes more open and welcoming to those of gender identities beyond the binary, it becomes increasingly important to understand their gender identity and presentation. Part of understanding these concepts means understanding how gender identities can exist relationally. Using in-depth interviews, this study explores how nonbinary college students respond to misgendering or deadnaming. These responses involve reflected appraisals, which social psychologists find can impact one’s sense of self and cause alterations in their self-presentation. These data show that nonbinary college students navigate being deadnamed or misgendered through their gender presentation in two primary manners: one, by adjusting presentation to …

Alligator Skull, Katherine Weaver

PANDION: The Osprey Journal of Research and Ideas

Artist Statement

Alligator Skull was created through mimicking the shadows on the bones of a giant creature with the dots of my pen. Living in Florida, I have known these animals my entire life, and I have been mesmerized by them the whole time. To see one humbled into a skeleton form is so intriguing. They are apex predators that encompass fear in many, but they are just as mortal as the rest of us. They only kill to survive, but the power they possess over the waters has humans either petrified or entranced. This individual from the Alligator mississippiensis …

Tailoring The Gut Microbiome Through Diet To Target Short Chain Fatty Acids And Trimethylamine N-Oxide For Heart Failure Prevention, Julia M. Gabel

PANDION: The Osprey Journal of Research and Ideas

The number of people diagnosed with heart failure is on the rise—it’s becoming an epidemic. There are treatment options available for heart failure, but unfortunately there is not a cure. However, most cases of heart failure can be prevented. One mechanism that provides promise for preventing heart failure is the implementation of a heart healthy diet. However, not in the context that most are familiar with. In this case, a heart healthy diet is in reference to the ability of diet to tailor the gut microbiome in order to target specific metabolites that are associated with heart failure. Diet plays …

Leafy Sea Dragon, Phycodurus Sp., Kennedi X. Light

PANDION: The Osprey Journal of Research and Ideas

Artist Statement

Leafy sea dragons, Phycodurus sp. are part of the Syngnathidae family. Syngnathidae is a genus made up of seahorses, pipefishes, and sea dragons. All three of the species are known to have beautiful patterning. However, leafy sea dragons got their name from their leafy appendages like their fins and limbs. The reason I chose to draw a leafy sea dragon is due to my own interest in astrobiology. Astrobiology is the study of life in the universe and astrobiologists look for signs of life within the universe. I would like to be an astrobiologist one day and focus …

The Sephardic-Mizrahi Moment: Cultural Renewal, Jewish-Arab Rapprochement And Zionism In The 1920s, Boaz Israel Levy

PANDION: The Osprey Journal of Research and Ideas

This study examines the Sephardic-Mizrahi nationalist strategy in the British and French mandates of the early 20th century. Scholars including Abigail Jacobson, Moshe Naor, and Yitzhak Bezalel indicate this community developed a unique approach to nationalism. Utilizing Alex Winder’s conceptual framework for violence, Yehuda Shamir’s conceptual framework for culture and Rashid Khalidi’s analytical framework, this study broadens the research on Sephardic-Mizrahi communities, the development of 20th century nationalism, and the origins of the Arab-Israeli conflict. Drawing on correspondences, reports and newspapers, this paper argues a Sephardic-Mizrahi Moment began by 1925, employing institutions— such as activist organizations and the press—to simultaneously …

In Memoriam Rolando Teruel Ochoa (1974 – 2023), Luis F. De Armas, Sheyla Yong

Euscorpius

This is an obituary of Rolando Teruel Ochoa (1974–2023), a great Cuban arachnologist. A full list of his works is appended, as well as a list of scorpions and other arachnids described by Rolando.

Editorial: Sex Differences In The Neurobiology Of Drug Relapse Vulnerability, Daniel F Manvich, Jessica A Loweth, Wendy J Lynch, Jayme R Mcreynolds

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

No abstract provided.

The Fda-Approved Compound, Pramipexole And The Clinical-Stage Investigational Drug, Dexpramipexole, Reverse Chronic Allodynia From Sciatic Nerve Damage In Mice, And Alter Il-1Β And Il-10 Expression From Immune Cell Culture, J E Sanchez, S Noor, M S Sun, J Zimmerly, A Pasmay, J J Sanchez, A G Vanderwall, M K Haynes, L A Sklar, P R Escalona, E D Milligan

Pathology Research and Scholarship

During the onset of neuropathic pain from a variety of etiologies, nociceptors become hypersensitized, releasing neurotransmitters and other factors from centrally-projecting nerve terminals within the dorsal spinal cord. Consequently, glial cells (astrocytes and microglia) in the spinal cord are activated and mediate the release of proinflammatory cytokines that act to enhance pain transmission and sensitize mechanical non-nociceptive fibers which ultimately results in light touch hypersensitivity, clinically observed as allodynia. Pramipexole, a D2/D3 preferring agonist, is FDA-approved for the treatment of Parkinson's disease and demonstrates efficacy in animal models of inflammatory pain. The clinical-stage investigational drug, R(+) enantiomer of pramipexole, dexpramipexole, …

Proceedings Of The Cuny Games Conference 9.0, Robert O. Duncan, Grace L. Axler-Diperte, Joseph Bisz, Christina Boyle, Devorah Kletenik, Carolyn Stallard

Publications and Research

The CUNY Games Network is an organization dedicated to encouraging research, scholarship and teaching in the developing field of games-based learning. We connect educators from every campus and discipline at CUNY and beyond who are interested in digital and non-digital games, simulations, and other forms of interactive teaching and inquiry-based learning.

Rosenberg Institute For East Asian Studies At Suffolk University Annual Report For 2022-2023, Rosenberg Institute

Rosenberg Institute Annual Reports

These reports summarize the activities of the Rosenberg Institute during the academic year, including information related to public programming, visiting scholars, cooperation with the Asian Studies program at Suffolk College of Arts & Sciences, promotion of Suffolk's Asia-related activities, community outreach, and funding. Most reports also contain photographs of scholars, staff, and events.

Criterion Validity Of Wrist Accelerometry For Assessing Energy Intake Via The Intake-Balance Technique., Paul R. Hibbing, Gregory J. Welk, Daniel Ries, Hung-Wen Yeh, Robin P. Shook

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Intake-balance assessments measure energy intake (EI) by summing energy expenditure (EE) with concurrent change in energy storage (ΔES). Prior work has not examined the validity of such calculations when EE is estimated via open-source techniques for research-grade accelerometry devices. The purpose of this study was to test the criterion validity of accelerometry-based intake-balance methods for a wrist-worn ActiGraph device.

METHODS: Healthy adults (n = 24) completed two 14-day measurement periods while wearing an ActiGraph accelerometer on the non-dominant wrist. During each period, criterion values of EI were determined based on ΔES measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry and EE measured …

3d Garment Collision Simulation Based On Human Skeletal Features, Yuanyuan Chen, Yongjian Huai, Xiaoying Nie, Ke Lang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: In order to enhance the realism of garment and human body collision in real-time fabric simulation, an automated human body fitting collision method based on the bounding box and mesh method is proposed. According to the human skeletal structure and garment type, the skeletal information involved in collision simulation is effectively optimized, so as to better obtain the feature points of the human body and semantically segment them. According to the characteristics of skinning animation, simple capsule colliders and mesh colliders are generated to fit the geometric shape of the human body, and the dynamic following of colliders is …

Supplement Type Influenced The Performance And Resiliency Against Gastrointestinal Parasites Of Nursing Lambs Raised In Woodlands, Santoshi Chaudhary, Uma Karki, Bhuwan Shrestha, Sadikshya Lamsal, Lila B. Karki

Professional Agricultural Workers Journal

Nutrition supplementation can be one of the integrated approaches to reduce gastrointestinal parasite (GIP) infestation. The study objective was to evaluate the impact of supplement type on the performance and resiliency against GIP of nursing lambs raised in woodlands. Katahdin-St. Croix cross lambs (23) with their mothers (18) were divided into two groups; they were rotationally stocked in separate sets of woodland plots and provided with ad libitum hay. Group-1 animals were supplemented with corn, and Group-2 with soybean (0.5% of live weight). Live weight, FAMACHA score, and body condition score were measured on Day 1, fortnightly, and at the …

Virtual Navigation Path Planning Based On Octree Potential Field For Endonasal Endoscope, Wenjing Li, Yanlin Luo, Yuhui Wang, Li Zhu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Virtual navigation can intuitively display the internal structure of human tissue from multiple viewpoints. The navigation path planning algorithm is the key to achieving excellent navigation effects. The traditional centerline extraction algorithm can ensure a wide field of view during navigation, but the time efficiency is not high enough on the complex nasal-skull base volume model. To solve the problem, a rapid navigation path planning algorithm based on the octree potential field is proposed. The space outside the obstacles is modeled by an octree, and the octree potential field is constructed by calculating the potential of all the octree …

Blockade Of Interferon Signaling Decreases Gut Barrier Integrity And Promotes Severe West Nile Virus Disease, Adrian Gervais, Summer Rucknagel, Kristy O Murray, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Michael S Diamond

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The determinants of severe disease caused by West Nile virus (WNV) and why only ~1% of individuals progress to encephalitis remain poorly understood. Here, we use human and mouse enteroids, and a mouse model of pathogenesis, to explore the capacity of WNV to directly infect gastrointestinal (GI) tract cells and contribute to disease severity. At baseline, WNV poorly infects human and mouse enteroid cultures and enterocytes in mice. However, when STAT1 or type I interferon (IFN) responses are absent, GI tract cells become infected, and this is associated with augmented GI tract and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, accumulation of gut-derived …