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2023

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Trio-Based Gwas Identifies Novel Associations And Subtype-Specific Risk Factors For Cleft Palate, Kelsey Robinson, Trenell J Mosley, Kenneth S Rivera-González, Christopher R Jabbarpour, Sarah W Curtis, Wasiu Lanre Adeyemo, Terri H Beaty, Azeez Butali, Carmen J Buxó, David J Cutler, Michael P Epstein, Lord J J Gowans, Jacqueline T Hecht, Jeffrey C Murray, Gary M Shaw, Lina Moreno Uribe, Seth M Weinberg, Harrison Brand, Mary L Marazita, Robert J Lipinski, Elizabeth J Leslie Oct 2023

Trio-Based Gwas Identifies Novel Associations And Subtype-Specific Risk Factors For Cleft Palate, Kelsey Robinson, Trenell J Mosley, Kenneth S Rivera-González, Christopher R Jabbarpour, Sarah W Curtis, Wasiu Lanre Adeyemo, Terri H Beaty, Azeez Butali, Carmen J Buxó, David J Cutler, Michael P Epstein, Lord J J Gowans, Jacqueline T Hecht, Jeffrey C Murray, Gary M Shaw, Lina Moreno Uribe, Seth M Weinberg, Harrison Brand, Mary L Marazita, Robert J Lipinski, Elizabeth J Leslie

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Cleft palate (CP) is one of the most common craniofacial birth defects; however, there are relatively few established genetic risk factors associated with its occurrence despite high heritability. Historically, CP has been studied as a single phenotype, although it manifests across a spectrum of defects involving the hard and/or soft palate. We performed a genome-wide association study using transmission disequilibrium tests of 435 case-parent trios to evaluate broad risks for any cleft palate (ACP) (n = 435), and subtype-specific risks for any cleft soft palate (CSP), (n = 259) and any cleft hard palate (CHP) (n = 125). We identified …

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The George-Anne Daily, Georgia Southern University Oct 2023

The George-Anne Daily, Georgia Southern University

George-Anne Media Group: Newsletters & Magazines

No abstract provided.

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Distinct Nrf2 Signaling Thresholds Mediate Lung Tumor Initiation And Progression, Janine M. Deblasi Oct 2023

Distinct Nrf2 Signaling Thresholds Mediate Lung Tumor Initiation And Progression, Janine M. Deblasi

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

NRF2 is a redox-responsive transcription factor the directs the antioxidant program and several critical metabolic processes. Mutations in NRF2 or its negative regulator KEAP1 occur in up to one third of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) and are often associated with resistance to therapy and poor outcomes. In the present studies, murine alleles of the Keap1 and Nrf2 mutations found in human NSCLC were developed and I comprehensively investigated their impact on tumor initiation and progression. I observed that chronic Nrf2 stabilization by Keap1 loss-of-function or Nrf2 activating mutation was not sufficient to cause lung tumor initiation, even when p53 …

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Small Intestinal Polyp Burden In Pediatric Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome Assessed Through Capsule Endoscopy: A Longitudinal Study., Jeremy Stewart, Nathan R. Fleishman, Vincent S. Staggs, Mike Thomson, Nicole Stoecklein, Caitlin E. Lawson, Michael P. Washburn, Shahid Umar, Thomas M. Attard Oct 2023

Small Intestinal Polyp Burden In Pediatric Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome Assessed Through Capsule Endoscopy: A Longitudinal Study., Jeremy Stewart, Nathan R. Fleishman, Vincent S. Staggs, Mike Thomson, Nicole Stoecklein, Caitlin E. Lawson, Michael P. Washburn, Shahid Umar, Thomas M. Attard

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

The management of pediatric Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome (PJS) focuses on the prevention of intussusception complicating small intestinal (SI) polyposis. This hinges on the accurate appraisal of the polyp burden to tailor therapeutic interventions. Video Capsule Endoscopy (VCE) is an established tool to study SI polyps in children, but an in-depth characterization of polyp burden in this population is lacking. Methods: We performed a retrospective longitudinal cross-sectional analysis of VCE studies in pediatric PJS patients at our institution (CMKC) from 2010 to 2020. Demographic, clinical, and VCE findings reported by three reviewers in tandem were accrued. Polyp burden variables were modeled as …

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Cybersecurity Challenges And Awareness Of The Multi-Generational Learners In Nepal, Raj Kumar Dhungana, Lina Gurung Dr, Hem Poudyal Oct 2023

Cybersecurity Challenges And Awareness Of The Multi-Generational Learners In Nepal, Raj Kumar Dhungana, Lina Gurung Dr, Hem Poudyal

Journal of Cybersecurity Education, Research and Practice

Increased exposure to technologies has lately emerged as one of the everyday realities of digital natives, especially K-12 students, and teachers, the digital immigrants. Protection from cybersecurity risks in digital learning spaces is a human right, but students are increasingly exposed to high-risk cyberspace without time to cope with cybersecurity risks. This study, using a survey (N-891 students and 157 teachers) and in-depth interviews (27 students and 14 teachers), described the students' cybersecurity-related experiences and challenges in Nepal. This study revealed that the school’s cybersecurity support system is poor and teachers has very low awareness and competencies to protect students …

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Milk-Borne Small Extracellular Vesicles: Kinetics And Mechanisms Of Transport, Distribution, And Elimination, Alice Ngu, Javaria Munir, Janos Zempleni Oct 2023

Milk-Borne Small Extracellular Vesicles: Kinetics And Mechanisms Of Transport, Distribution, And Elimination, Alice Ngu, Javaria Munir, Janos Zempleni

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) in milk have the qualities desired for delivering therapeutics to diseased tissues. The production of bovine milk sEVs is scalable (1021 annually per cow), and they resist degradation in the gastrointestinal tract. Most cells studied to date internalize milk sEVs by a saturable process that follows Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The bioavailability of oral milk sEVs is approximately 50%. In addition to crossing the intestinal mucosa, milk sEVs also cross barriers such as the placenta and blood-brain barrier, thereby enabling the delivery of therapeutics to hard-to-reach tissues. In time course studies, levels of milk sEVs peaked in …

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Widefield Imaging Of Rapid Pan-Cortical Voltage Dynamics With An Indicator Evolved For One-Photon Microscopy, Xiaoyu Lu, Yunmiao Wang, Zhuohe Liu, Yueyang Gou, Dieter Jaeger, François St-Pierre Oct 2023

Widefield Imaging Of Rapid Pan-Cortical Voltage Dynamics With An Indicator Evolved For One-Photon Microscopy, Xiaoyu Lu, Yunmiao Wang, Zhuohe Liu, Yueyang Gou, Dieter Jaeger, François St-Pierre

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Widefield imaging with genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) is a promising approach for understanding the role of large cortical networks in the neural coding of behavior. However, the limited performance of current GEVIs restricts their deployment for single-trial imaging of rapid neuronal voltage dynamics. Here, we developed a high-throughput platform to screen for GEVIs that combine fast kinetics with high brightness, sensitivity, and photostability under widefield one-photon illumination. Rounds of directed evolution produced JEDI-1P, a green-emitting fluorescent indicator with enhanced performance across all metrics. Next, we optimized a neonatal intracerebroventricular delivery method to achieve cost-effective and wide-spread JEDI-1P expression in …

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Montana Kaimin, October 12, 2023, Students Of The University Of Montana, Missoula Oct 2023

Montana Kaimin, October 12, 2023, Students Of The University Of Montana, Missoula

Montana Kaimin, 1898-present

Student newspaper of the University of Montana, Missoula.

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Anticancer Drug Screening Using Invitro Cell Proliferation Assay, Kristopher L. Ezell, Kyle Doxtater, Samantha Lopez, Sophia M. Leslie, Justin Wendel, Kamaldeep Paul, Vijay Lauxmi, Manish Tripathi Oct 2023

Anticancer Drug Screening Using Invitro Cell Proliferation Assay, Kristopher L. Ezell, Kyle Doxtater, Samantha Lopez, Sophia M. Leslie, Justin Wendel, Kamaldeep Paul, Vijay Lauxmi, Manish Tripathi

Research Colloquium

Introduction: In this presentation cell proliferation methods and how they are related to screening for effective chemotherapy drugs will be reviewed. Cancer in its most basic form is the unchecked mass dividing of cells while normal apoptosis is not undertaken for various reasons, some of which that have yet to be discovered. By these means’ tumors form that inhibit the functions of the organs it is residing in and the effected cells may metastasize and spread throughout the body. For this reason, chemotherapy drugs must be assessed through introduction into working strains of cultured cancer cells that are then screened …

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Honey: The Sweet Truth, Alex Szewczyk Oct 2023

Honey: The Sweet Truth, Alex Szewczyk

BUHealth

Honey is a natural food that is packed with vitamins, minerals, enzymes, proteins, organic acids, and many other biologically active compounds. Its exact components may vary based on the unique collection of flowers and plants that honeybees pollinate. The nutrient dense quality of honey has different health benefits. People all around the world are currently suffering from chronic illnesses such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia at unprecedented rates. When patients experience a combination of these disease states, it is known as metabolic syndrome (MetS). MetS is correlated with urbanization in developing countries, with sedentary lifestyle and poor diet as …

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Resisting The Resistance: How The Environment Is Impacting Antibiotic Resistance, Hannah Hinrichs Oct 2023

Resisting The Resistance: How The Environment Is Impacting Antibiotic Resistance, Hannah Hinrichs

BUHealth

Upon their discovery, antibiotics were known as “wonder drugs” due to their ability to cure serious bacterial infections. While antibiotics are still revolutionary in healthcare today, the emergence of antibiotic resistance is a growing threat to public health. Antibiotic resistance is simply a normal adaptive response where bacteria evolve over time. However, overuse of antibiotics, sub-optimal treatment regimens, and environmental exposures create optimal conditions for antibiotic resistance to develop and spread. Common ways antibiotics enter the environment are via wastewater and agricultural use. Even with properly functioning wastewater treatment systems, full removal of resistant bacteria may not be possible as …

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Women And The Imago Dei: Gender Ontology In St. Augustine’S Thought, Philip Groth Oct 2023

Women And The Imago Dei: Gender Ontology In St. Augustine’S Thought, Philip Groth

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

To rebuild gender relations in the church we need to unpack the source of the current complementarian beliefs, which take their origin in the teachings of the church fathers. In this interpretative paper, I will attempt to provide a new reading of St. Augustine’s philosophy regarding women in light of The Trinity and City of God. It is my argument that Augustine has a twofold vision of the Imago Dei in humans. One based on the rational “inner man” —in which women do not participate— and another based on shared humanity. In this view women retain their own and independent …

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Two Objections To The Eliminativist Research Program, Lorenzo Nericcio Oct 2023

Two Objections To The Eliminativist Research Program, Lorenzo Nericcio

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

Eliminative materialist philosophers, like Paul and Patricia Churchland, argue that the common use of mental state language is confused. They hold that neurological descriptions of mental states, more accurate and scientifically rigorous than “folk psychology”, should replace mental state language in a serious research program. In this paper, I argue that eliminative materialism instead poses an awkward and unwieldy research program. I take a computational functionalist position in order to demonstrate the way that mathematical descriptions of natural phenomena are useful in a scientific research program, and that mental states are in principle amenable to mathematical descriptions and modeling. I …

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On Aristotle’S Function Argument, Angela Han Oct 2023

On Aristotle’S Function Argument, Angela Han

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

In this paper, I will reflect upon Aristotle’s argument claiming that the function of a human being is to engage in activity of soul in accord with reason (AWR). I will explicate and further defend this argument, which is based on the fact that the function of X must characterize it as an X and set a standard for X’s impairment and excellence, and the only candidates for a human’s function are: to take in nutrients and grow, to perceive and move, and to engage in activities of soul in accord with reason. I will raise the objection that having …

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Affordance Ontology: Towards A Unified Description Of Affordances As Events, Larry A. Moralez Oct 2023

Affordance Ontology: Towards A Unified Description Of Affordances As Events, Larry A. Moralez

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

An argument is developed that suggests the concept of affordances can best facilitate the pursuit of new knowledge if it’s defined as an event. The first description initially generated by James J. Gibson was deceptively vague. This has led to several attempts by additional researchers to re-describe it. These efforts fall short of describing a concept that is consistent with both the historical context of Gibson’s work and his motivations for introducing the term. Additionally, no definition has been introduced that aims to limit the scope of information researchers must consider when using the term. I put forth a description …

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Arabidopsis Thaliana Growth More Than Defense Affects Myzus Persicae Populations, Biran S. Falk-Dotan, Mindy Chapman, Nafis Wazed, Chad T. Harvey Oct 2023

Arabidopsis Thaliana Growth More Than Defense Affects Myzus Persicae Populations, Biran S. Falk-Dotan, Mindy Chapman, Nafis Wazed, Chad T. Harvey

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

Aphids and other herbivorous insects are able to travel between plants in their environment. While plants cannot directly choose their consumers, they may stop or mitigate the harmful effects of herbivory using secondary metabolites. A salicylic acid (SA) pathway facilitates defense from biotrophic fungi and some necrotrophic pathogens, while a jasmonic acid (JA) pathway is associated with defense from other necrotrophic pathogens and chewing insects. We investigated the effect of deficiency in SA or JA in Arabidopsis thaliana on plant growth and on herbivory by green peach aphids (Myzus persicae). Three ascensions of A. thaliana were placed in two blocks …

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Computational Modelling Of A Spanning Drop In A Wedge With Variable Angle, Caio Rondon, Valerio Ramos Batista Oct 2023

Computational Modelling Of A Spanning Drop In A Wedge With Variable Angle, Caio Rondon, Valerio Ramos Batista

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

In this work, mathematical and computational techniques were used to model the phenomenon of a bubble or liquid drop as it slides to the narrowest side between two tilted plates. Practical applications of this phenomenon, such as the adjustment of liquid propellant tanks, are also discussed. Computations involved the use of Surface Evolver—a fully open, interactive program that allows the simulation of physical experiments in a virtual environment.Faculty Sponsor: Valerio Ramos BatistaFaculty Sponsor: Valério Ramos Batista

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Knowledge Is Happiness: Is The End—An Inquiry Concerning Stoic Philosophy, Dawnna Wilder Oct 2023

Knowledge Is Happiness: Is The End—An Inquiry Concerning Stoic Philosophy, Dawnna Wilder

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

I argue that the validity of the Stoic conception of the singular soul, empirically and psychologically, creates a view that is paradoxical: if being happy is the end for the sake of which everything is done, and if this consists in living according to virtue, using only right reasoning, one cannot obtain happiness. Why? Because selecting using right reasoning is the only virtue leading to the end, obtaining things that right reasoning is aimed at is ethically insignificant. I reconstruct fragments of text written by the outlaw Stoic philosopher, Posidonius, and interpret them to show how one can obtain the …

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On Perception And Autonomy Considered Through The Phenomenological Understanding Of Emotion Described By Kym Maclaren, Erika Grimm Oct 2023

On Perception And Autonomy Considered Through The Phenomenological Understanding Of Emotion Described By Kym Maclaren, Erika Grimm

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

Female philosopher Kym Maclaren, in her article, “Emotional Metamorphoses: The Role of Others in Becoming a Subject,” explores a phenomenological view on emotion as being-in-the-world as well as the ethical implications of understanding emotion in opposition to the moralistic view. In the first part of this paper, I provide an exegetical assessment of Maclaren’s thesis; in the second I introduce a critique of Maclaren’s argument and argue a claim of my own which explores perception and autonomy in the human body along with its implications in the context of Maclaren’s phenomenological account of emotion. I discuss the necessity of both …

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Subject Formation And Morality In Film, Connor Sabin Oct 2023

Subject Formation And Morality In Film, Connor Sabin

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

In this paper, I approach the concept of subject formation through the lens of the movie screen. The way in which we interact with the social imaginary created by the cinema is fascinating in that it not only presences us as being an active participant—we experience ourselves in their shoes, our eyes mimic their actions, and we feel their feelings—but also establishes us as agents that determine the legitimacy of the reality that we’re being presented. In this sense, we are not only posited as gatekeepers of the political, ethical, and moral actions of the characters produced, but the reality …

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Embracing A Deweyan Approach To Punishment, Heather Lewis Oct 2023

Embracing A Deweyan Approach To Punishment, Heather Lewis

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

Kant’s retributive theory of punishment, resting on the notion of desert, i.e., deserved reward or punishment, assumes responsibility of the moral agent. On the contrary, a Deweyan approach to punishment does not assume responsibility, but rather, aims to cultivate it. These two different approaches ground two very different theories of punishment. In this essay, I compare these two divergent approaches, emphasizing their conflicting notions of what it means to treat criminals as moral agents. Ultimately, I demonstrate that moral responsibility is not to be assumed, but rather, is something to be cultivated. The point of punishment should not be to …

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The Death Of Metaphysical Analyticity And The Failure Of Boghossian’S Analytic Theory Of The A Priori, Anthony Nguyen Oct 2023

The Death Of Metaphysical Analyticity And The Failure Of Boghossian’S Analytic Theory Of The A Priori, Anthony Nguyen

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

Many philosophers still believe that metaphysically analytic sentences exist, where a sentence is understood to be metaphysically analytic if and only if it is true solely in virtue of its meaning. I provide two arguments against this claim and hence conclude that metaphysically analytic sentences do not exist. Still, some philosophers, however, hold out hope that epistemically analytic sentences exist, where a sentence is epistemically analytic if and only if an agent’s understanding the sentence suffices for the agent to be justified in believing that this sentence is true. One such philosopher is Paul Boghossian, whose so-called analytic theory of …

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Eliminating Eliminative Materialism, Perry Hendricks Oct 2023

Eliminating Eliminative Materialism, Perry Hendricks

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

Eliminative materialism is a bold position in philosophy of mind: proponents of it hold that folk psychology is a primitive theory of human behavior, and like most primitive theories, it is, unfortunately, false. The alarming implications of this are that mental states don’t actually exist—humans don’t actually believe anything. In this paper I try to show that several central claims of eliminative materialism (specifically Paul Churchland’s version) are mistaken and, further, that it is, in fact, false. I first argue that folk psychology is not a theory, and that a proper understanding of the nature of basic beliefs, non-basic beliefs, …

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Dennett’S Intentional Strategy Applied To Animals, Melanie Stankus Oct 2023

Dennett’S Intentional Strategy Applied To Animals, Melanie Stankus

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

Daniel Dennett lays out what he calls the intentional strategy (or stance) and the intentional system, which proposes that we could predict the behavior of humans, non-human animals, plants or in other words, what he calls an intentional system. Roughly speaking, the intentional strategy involves attributing beliefs and desires, that a reason using object ought to have given the circumstances, to an object; with those beliefs and desires, one should be able to predict the object’s behavior. Though my goal is not to criticize Dennett’s view, I will argue that the intentional strategy works better on non-human animals than humans; …

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Hume In The Light Of Bayes: Towards A Unified Cognitive Science Of Human Nature, Jason Krivo Flores Oct 2023

Hume In The Light Of Bayes: Towards A Unified Cognitive Science Of Human Nature, Jason Krivo Flores

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

David Hume hoped future advances would bring his nascent science of human nature nearer to perfection. He conjectured that since it is probable one operation and principle of the mind depends on another it might someday be possible to subsume all mental operations under one absolutely general and universal principle. I argue that the day Hume hoped for may now be upon us, as an increasing number of theorists suspect that predictive Bayesian models of cognitive architecture provide the best clue yet as to the shape of a unified theory of mind. A theory in which the manifold operations of …

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Climbing To Consciousness: The Mind-Body Problem And The Computational Order, Yarrow Eady Oct 2023

Climbing To Consciousness: The Mind-Body Problem And The Computational Order, Yarrow Eady

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

In his book The Structure of Behavior, the philosopher Maurice Merleau-Ponty proposes a solution to the mind-body problem. Merleau-Ponty argues that there is a nested hierarchy of three orders—the physical order, the biological order, and the mental order—in which each lower order composes each higher order. Through the structuration or organization of a lower order, a higher order is created. Merleau-Ponty’s solution is promising, but it leaves an explanatory chasm between the biological order and the mental order that cannot be crossed without introducing an intermediary order. I propose just that: the addition of a fourth order—the computational order—to bridge …

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The Science Of Romantic Love: Distinct Evolutionary, Neural, And Hormonal Characteristics, Lacey S. Gibson Oct 2023

The Science Of Romantic Love: Distinct Evolutionary, Neural, And Hormonal Characteristics, Lacey S. Gibson

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

Romantic love is a psychological state that encompasses extreme euphoria and feelings of passion and intimacy for another individual. It can be characterized using Dr. Helen Fisher’s system of evolutionary, neural, and hormonal profiles that are distinct from those of attraction and attachment, which are two additional love-related processes. A broad review of scientific articles, classic literature, and popular culture is employed to define romantic love, and to explore its distinct evolutionary, neural, and hormonal characteristics. The possibility of romantic love under special circumstances is then explored. The discussion is specifically focused on the prospect of love without physical contact …

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A Multifaceted Device For Discreetly Acquiring Natural Behaviors Of Children With Autism, James Mcmahon, Walter Goodwin, Jay Thakore, Abdelaziz N'Goan Oct 2023

A Multifaceted Device For Discreetly Acquiring Natural Behaviors Of Children With Autism, James Mcmahon, Walter Goodwin, Jay Thakore, Abdelaziz N'Goan

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

Autism is a multifaceted neurological disorder that affects the four fundamental areas of sensory processing, communication mechanisms, social interaction skills, and whole child/self-esteem. The underlying mechanisms and symptoms of the disorder have been shown to largely vary from patient to patient, and therefore, a durable, effective therapy is best achieved through multifaceted, multidisciplinary approaches that allow a direct assessment of each individual’s behavior, both quantitatively and qualitatively. The aim of this project was to simulate, design, manufacture, and assess a device that can help cultivate sensory, social, communication, and motor skills in autistic children while being able to extract data …

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The Geography Of Food Cooperatives In The United States, Seth T. Young Oct 2023

The Geography Of Food Cooperatives In The United States, Seth T. Young

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

For our society to become sustainably viable in the future, the ways in which we obtain our food and the methods used to create that food will be very important. One of the most environmentally friendly methods of food obtainment is membership in a food cooperative. This research delves into the basics of food cooperatives, highlights similar studies of other sustainability indicators, and examines the geographic distribution of food co-ops across the United States.Faculty Sponsor: Dr. George Pomeroy

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A Neural Comparison Between Mus Musculus And Monodelphis Domestica, Cristian M. Botello, John L. Vandeberg, Mario Gil Oct 2023

A Neural Comparison Between Mus Musculus And Monodelphis Domestica, Cristian M. Botello, John L. Vandeberg, Mario Gil

Research Colloquium

Mus Musculus is one of the first and widely used animal models in neuroscience. There are many reasons that Mus Musculus is used for research including, short generation length and large litters, but the most important reason is their mammalian brain. Another animal that is gaining interest as an animal model is the Monodelphis Domestica. The Monodelphis Domestica is a marsupial, pups are born underdeveloped and move onto the underbelly of their mothers until they reach a more mature age. One difference is the Monodelphis ventricle size is much larger in the forebrain area. Another difference is the formation of …

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