Digital Commons Network^™

Range Extension For Electromagnetic Detection Of Subsea Power And Telecommunication Cables, T. Szyrowski, A. Khan, R. Pemberton, S. K. Sharma, Y. Singh, R. Polvara

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Subsea cables protection afforded by burying a cable [beneath the sea bed] also means that the available methods for their survey are drastically reduced. From the existing methods only electromagnetics (EM) detection can penetrate the sea bed and provide an effective means for cable localisation. However, EM waves attenuate faster in conductive media such as sea water. EM localisation is considered a short range detection mechanism requiring the use of autonomous or remotely operated underwater platforms. In this paper, the authors investigate the range of EM detection and test detection distances exceeding one hundred metres. The EM signal was detected …

A Concept Approach For Network Slicing In Wireless Mesh Disaster Networks, A Seng, U Trick, A Lehmann, B Ghita

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

Smart Soft Open Point To Synergically Improve The Energy Efficiencies Of The Interconnected Electrical Railways With The Low Voltage Grids, Tamer Kamel, Zhongbei Tian, Mansoureh Zangiabadi, Neal Wade, Volker Pickert, Pietro Tricoli

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

This paper presents a novel smart soft open point (sSOP) that interconnects railway electrification system to the local low voltage (LV) distribution grid to provide additional flexibility and controllability for both networks. The proposed sSOP builds on the concept of soft open points, adding an energy storage system and embedding a rail and grid (R + G) energy management system to enable the energy transfer between the two networks at different average power levels. The smartness of the proposed soft open point is realised in the integration of an energy storage system to act as an energy buffer between these …

Approximate Bayesian Conditional Copulas, Clara Grazian, L Dalla Valle, Brunero Liseo

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

Real-World Smartphone-Based Gait Recognition, Hind Alobaidi, Nathan Clarke, Fudong Li, Abdulrahmanalruban

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

Validity Of Small-Scale Yielding Regime In Notched-Cracked Geometries, Mf Borges, Fv Antunes, Dm Neto, Jm Vasco-Olmo, Fa Díaz, Mn James

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Small‐Scale Yielding Boundary Using Digital Image Correlation Results, Jm Vasco‐Olmo, Fa Díaz, Dm Neto, Er Sérgio, Fv Antunes, Mn James

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

Assessment Of Equivalent Substrate Stiffness And Mechanical Properties Of Sustainable Alkali-Activated Concrete Containing Recycled Concrete Aggregate, Nattapong Damrongwiriyanupap, Todsaporn Srikhamma, Chittinat Plongkrathok, Tanakorn Phoo-Ngernkham, Worathep Sae-Long, Sakonwan Hanjitsuwan, Piti Sukontasukkul, Long Yuan Li, Prinya Chindaprasirt

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

The effects of using recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) as coarse aggregate on the equivalent substrate stiffness and mechanical properties of sustainable alkali-activated concrete were investigated in this paper. High-calcium fly ash (HFA) and commercial silica fume (SF) were used as the precursors for producing the alkali-activated high-calcium fly ash concrete (AAHFAC). Sodium hydroxide (SH) and sodium silicate (SS) solutions were used as alkaline activator solutions with the constant SS/SH ratio of 1.0 and liquid-binder (L/B) ratio of 0.50. The natural coarse aggregate (NCA) used in this study was crushed limestone and replaced with RCA at the rates of 0%, 20%, …

Combined Approach For Fatigue Crack Characterisation In Metals, Jm Robles, Jm Vasco-Olmo, As Cruces, Fa Diaz, Mn James, P Lopez-Crespo

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

Modelling Of Convection, Diffusion And Binding Of Chlorides In Concrete During Wetting-Drying Cycles, Long-Yuan Li, Dawang Li, Ping Li, Yao-Cheng Wang

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Moisture convection in concrete is an important factor affecting the chloride diffusion in concrete. This paper presents a comprehensive study on the transport of moisture, carbon dioxide and chloride ions in concrete when subjected to wetting and drying cycles. A numerical model considering not only the transport of individual components but also the interaction between them is developed. The latter includes the concrete carbonation, chloride binding, the effect of concrete carbonation on chloride binding capacity, and the time-varying boundary conditions of carbon dioxide and chloride caused due to wetting and/or drying. The results obtained from the study demonstrate that when …

Towards A New Methodology For The Characterisation Of Crack Tip Fields Based On A Hybrid Computational Approach, A Camacho-Reyes, Jm Vasco-Olmo, Mn James, Fa Diaz

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

Embrittlement Failure Of 51crv4 Leaf Springs, Mn James, Dg Hattingh, L Matthews

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

High strength quenched and tempered alloys are used in the manufacture of leaf springs, and peening techniques are used to induce compressive residual stresses on the tension surface of the individual leaves to resist fatigue crack growth. However, the extent of such residual stresses is usually limited to around 0.1–0.2 mm deep. Their beneficial effect can therefore be negated by corrosion pitting, while high strength steels are known to also be susceptible to environmental embrittlement in high chloride environments. This case study deals with an interesting example of environmental embrittlement of multileaf springs reportedly made from 60Si2Mn steel, but actually …

Analysis Of Electrical Conductivity Of Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Two-Phase Composites, Z Li, L-Y Li

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

Weaving Academic Grace Into The Fabric Of Online Courses And Faculty Training: First-Year Engineering Student Advice For Online Faculty During The Covid-19 Pandemic And Faculty Responses, Michelle E. Jarvie-Eggart, Amanda Marie Singer, Marika Seigel, Mary Raber, Thomas M. Freeman, Brett Hamlin, Amy Hamlin, Michael R. Meyer

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Background: In the spring of 2020, COVID-19 forced the majority of higher education online, resulting in a wave of new online students uniquely positioned to offer fresh perspectives and advice to faculty.

Purpose: This study investigated the advice offered to online faculty by first-year engineering (FYE) students who were forced online during the pandemic and faculty ideas to address the student advice.

Methods: This multi-methods study included qualitative data from 233 FYE students (in 67 teams across four class offerings) who provided advice for online faculty through an end-of-year team assignment, leveraging analytic induction methods for analysis. The Quality Matters …

Surface Quality Augmentation For Metalworking Industry With Pix2pix, Dirk Hölscher, Christoph Reich, Martin Knahl, Frank Gut, Nathan Clarke

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

Deterministic And Stochastic Theory For A Resonant Triad, David Andrade, Raphael Stuhlmeier

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

We study a simple model of three resonantly-interacting nonlinear waves. Linear stability analysis allows for an easy identification of stable and unstable initial conditions. Subsequently, a reformulation of the problem allows us to establish the onset of phase coherence, demonstrating its critical role in the growth of instabilities. Furthermore, we are able to provide explicit expressions for the time-varying moments of the modal amplitudes, as well as for the bispectrum which measures phase coherence. We provide direct insight into the long-time statistics of the system without Monte-Carlo simulation. This includes long-time asymptotics, which show that the system desynchronises, leading to …

A Review Of Thermal Impact Of Surface Acoustic Waves On Microlitre Droplets In Medical Applications, Mubbashar Mehmood, Umar F. Khan, Ali O.M. Maka, Javed Akhter, Tariq Nawaz Chaudhary, Faisal Masood, Sameer Ahmad Hasan, Yeaw Chu Lee

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

The surface acoustic waves (SAW) propagate inside the microdroplets resulting in kinetic and thermal impacts. The kinetic drives fluid particles inside the droplet while thermal impact increases the liquid’s temperature. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the research investigations related to internal kinetics and heating inside the microdroplet caused by the acoustic waves. The main factors that affect the kinetics and convection heat transfer are the piezoelectric materials, shape of the interdigital transducer (IDT) and mode of acoustic waves. Internal streaming (kinetic) leads to particle mixing, particle manipulation, cell sorting, cell patterning, cell separation, measuring the concentration of immunoglobulin …

Developments And Industrial Applications Of Basalt Fibre Reinforced Composite Materials, Indraneel R. Chowdhury, Richard Pemberton, John Summerscales

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Basalt mineral fibre, made directly from basalt rock, has good mechanical behavior, superior thermal stability, better chemical durability, good moisture resistance and can easily be recycled when compared to E-glass fibres (borosilicate glass is called ‘E-glass’ or ‘electric al-grade glass’ because of its high electrical resistance) which are traditionally used in structural composites for industrial applications. Industrial adoption of basalt fibre reinforced composites (FRC) is still very low mainly due to inadequate data and lower production volumes leading to higher cost. These reasons constrain the composites industry from seriously considering basalt as a potential alternative to conventional (e.g., E-glass) fibre …

The 100 M Composite Ship?, Michael John Lowde, Henry George Arthur Peters, Ruadan Geraghty, Jasper Graham-Jones, Richard Pemberton, John Summerscales

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) matrix composites are widely used in large marine struc-tures, and in wind turbines where blade lengths are now over 100 m. Composites are the material of choice for small vessels due to ease of manufacture, high hull girder stiffness, buckling resistance, corrosion resistance and underwater shock resistance. Ships over 100 m are still built using traditional steel and/or aluminium, but so far not FRP. Composite ship lengths have increased over the past 50 years, but fundamental technical challenges remain for the 100 m composite ship. Prelimi-nary studies suggest a possible 30% saving in structural weight, a 7–21% …

Zac: Efficient Zero-Knowledge Dynamic Universal Accumulator And Application To Zero-Knowledge Elementary Database, Hai Van Dang, Tran Viet Xuan Phuong, Thuc D. Nguyen, Thang Hoang

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

—Zero-knowledge universal accumulator generates the succinct commitment to a set and produces the short (non) membership proof (universal) without leaking information about the set (zero-knowledge). In order to further support a generic set and zero-knowledge, existing techniques generally combine the zero-knowledge universal accumulator with other protocols, such as digital signatures and hashes to primes, which incur high overhead and may not be suitable for real-world use. It is desirable to commit a set of membership concealing the information with the optimal complexity. We devise ZAC, a new zero-knowledge Dynamic Universal Accumulator by taking the existing cryptographic primitives into account to …

Resilient Placement Of Vnfs And Distributed Mano Components In A Wmn-Based Nfv Infrastructure, G Frick, U Trick, A Lehmann, B Ghita

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

Impact Of Water-Sediment Diversion And Afflux On Erosion-Deposition In The Luoshan-Hankou Reach, Middle Yangtze River, China, Boyuan Zhu, Jianhao Qin, Yitian Li, Gexuanzi Luo, Qi Xu, Lingfeng Liu, Alistair G.L. Borthwick

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

It is not yet fully understood how water-sediment diversion and afflux along a mainstream reach of a river affect erosion-deposition in downstream reaches. This study focuses on the Luoshan-Hankou mainstream reach of the middle Yangtze River, China. The Luoshan-Hankou reach is vitally important for flood control, being located downstream of three diversion mouths and an afflux outlet along the Jingjiang reach. We establish empirical formulae for sediment transport rates at boundary cross-sections, and hence estimate the amount and proportion of erosion-deposition and its relative increase (termed erosion-deposition promotion) in the Luoshan-Hankou reach. We then propose critical net water supplies from …

Human Affinity For Rivers, Yichu Wang, Alistair G.L. Borthwick, Jinren Ni

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Human civilization prospers along rivers worldwide. Here, we investigated human–river relations by revealing the linkage between water and habitability for human settlements, and socioeconomic and cultural development across China. We found that human–water co-occurrence relationships are self-similar over sub-basins for different scales of stream-order in the river networks. According to the earlier complete demographic census conducted during the reign of the Qing Dynasty (1776), there has been a general tendency for inhabitants to live close to rivers, characterized by population density associated with habitability cored by water under a near-natural state, which still remains to date (2019) even after long-term …

Microbial Selenate Detoxification Linked To Elemental Sulfur Oxidation: Independent And Synergic Pathways, L Li, Baogang Zhang, L Li, Alistair G.L. Borthwick

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

A Neural Network-Based Model For Lower Limb Continuous Estimation Against The Disturbance Of Uncertainty, Wanting Li, Keping Liu, Zhongbo Sun, C Li, Yuanyuan Chai, Jian Gu

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

In this paper, a novel prediction model is proposed to estimate human continuous motion intention using a fuzzy wavelet neural network (FWNN) and a zeroing neural network (ZNN). During walking, seven channel surface electromyography (sEMG) signals and motion data of hip and knee are collected, and two signals are selected and processed from the seven muscles based on physiological and correlation analysis. Then, FWNN is built as an intention recognition model, with sEMG signals as input and physical hip and knee information as output. Meanwhile, ZNN is exploited into the FWNN model, forming a hybrid model to eliminate the prediction …

Mixture Toxicity Of Tio2 Nps And Tetracycline At Two Trophic Levels In The Marine Ecosystem: Chlorella Sp. And Artemia Salina, V Thiagarajan, R Seenivasan, D Jenkins, N Chandrasekaran, A Mukherjee

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

Magnetic, Optical And Phase Transformation Properties Of Fe And Co Doped Vo2(A) Nanobelts, Ss Saeidi, B Vaseghi, G Rezaei, H Khajehsharifi, D Jenkins

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

In this work, the effects of Fe and Co dopants on the optical bandgap and structural, morphological, and magnetic properties of VO2(A) nanobelts with rectangular cross-sections were studied. The optimized hydrothermal method with proper parameters was used to synthesize the samples. The XRD analyses show that the hydrothermal method promotes the formation of VO2(B) rather than the usual VO2(A) and causes the tetragonal-monoclinic transformation in VO2. Furthermore, expanding the VO2 lattice constant by dopants reveals that Fe3+ and Co2+ are successfully substituted into the lattice sites of V4+. Also, obtained results indicate the optical band gap increment with dopants and …

High-Quality Reconstruction Of China’S Natural Streamflow, Chiyuan Miao, Jiaojiao Gou, Bojie Fu, Qiuhong Tang, Q Duan, Z Chen, Huimin Lei, J Chen, J Guo, Alistair G.L. Borthwick, Wenfeng Ding, X Duan, Yungang Li, Dongxian Kong, X Guo, Jingwen Wu

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

Quantifying Multiple Uncertainties In Modelling Shallow Water-Sediment Flows: A Stochastic Galerkin Framework With Haar Wavelet Expansion And An Operator-Splitting Approach, Ji Li, Zhixian Cao, Alistair G.L. Borthwick

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

Anomaly Detection With Vision-Based Deep Learning For Epidemic Prevention And Control, Hooman Samani, Chan Yun Yang, C Li, Chia Ling Chung, S Li

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

During the COVID-19 pandemic, people were advised to keep a social distance from others. People’s behaviors will also be noticed, such as lying down because of illness, regarded as abnormal conditions. This paper proposes a visual anomaly analysis system based on deep learning to identify individuals with various anomaly types. In the study, two types of anomaly detections are concerned. The first is monitoring the anomaly in the case of falling in an open public area. The second is measuring the social distance of people in the area to warn the individuals under a short distance. By implementing a deep …