Digital Commons Network^™

Clinical Outcome And Gut Development After Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Supplementation To Preterm Pigs, Kristine Holgersen, Martin Bo Rasmussen, Galen Carey, Douglas G Burrin, Thomas Thymann, Per Torp Sangild

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Elevation of circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) within normal physiological levels may alleviate several morbidities in preterm infants but safety and efficacy remain unclear. We hypothesized that IGF-1 supplementation during the first 1-2 weeks after preterm birth improves clinical outcomes and gut development, using preterm pigs as a model for infants.

METHODS: Preterm pigs were given vehicle or recombinant human IGF-1/binding protein-3 (rhIGF-1, 2.25 mg/kg/d) by subcutaneous injections for 8 days (Experiment 1, n = 34), or by systemic infusion for 4 days (Experiment 2, n = 19), before collection of blood and organs for analyses.

RESULTS: In both …

The Texas Collaborative Center For Hepatocellular Cancer: Reducing Liver Cancer Mortality In Texas Through Coordination, Collaboration And Advocacy, Ariel C Harrison, Fasiha Kanwal, Sumeet K Asrani, Aaron P Thrift, Chris I Amos, Maria L Jibaja-Weiss, Jane R Montealegre, Jessica P Hwang, Amit G Singal, Hashem B El-Serag

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Texas has the highest age-adjusted incidence rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the United States. To address cancer prevention and early detection through research, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT) has funded the Texas Collaborative Center for Hepatocellular Cancer (TeCH) to facilitate liver cancer research, education and advocacy activities. This paper describes the organizational structure, program measures, the actions completed and future plans of TeCH. This center is comprised of several cores and committees including the Administrative Core, Steering Committee, Data and Biospecimen Core, Scientific Committee, Clinical Network Committee, and the Community Outreach Committee. Each core and committee …

Cervical Cancer In Northern Tanzania–What Do Women Living With Hiv Know, Dorah Mrema, James Samwel Ngocho, Alex Mremi, Maryam Amour, Rogathe Machange, Benjamin C Shayo, Julius P Alloyce, Evaline Ndosi, Beatus T Shirima, Device Fande, Rahma Shehoza, Emmanuel Balandya, Bruno Sunguya, Stephen E Mshana, Alfred K Mteta, Eligius Lyamuya, John Bartlett, Blandina T Mmbaga

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer (CC) is more prevalent in women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection compared to the general population. The magnitude is high among all countries burdened with HIV-Tanzania is no exception. Despite the unprecedented risk, women living with HIV (WLHIV) may not be aware of the risk and might have unfounded beliefs thereof. This study aimed to determine the knowledge, awareness, and beliefs on CC screening among WLHIV attending a clinic at the Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC) in Northern Tanzania.

METHODS: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 327 WLHIV attending care and treatment clinic (CTC) …

Analysis Of Short-Term Efficacy Of Gasless Single-Port Laparoscopic Inguinal Lymphadenectomy Through Vulva Incision For Vulvar Cancer, Jin Ding, Piaopiao Teng, Xiaoming Guan, Yonghong Luo, Huafeng Ding, Suhua Shi, Xiufen Zhou, Guantai Ni

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility and short-term efficacy of gasless single-port laparoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy through vulva incision (VEIL-V).

METHODS: The data of 9 patients diagnosed as vulvar squamous cell carcinoma who underwent single-port laparoscopic inguinal lymph node dissection through vulvectomy incision were retrospectively analyzed. And 13 patients who underwent laparoscopic inguinal lymph node dissection through lower abdominal subcutaneous approach as the control group (VEIL-H). The operation time, blood loss, numbers of unilateral lymph nodes, hospitalization time, and complications between the two groups were compared.

RESULTS: The operation time of VEIL-V was 56.11 ± 5.94 min, which were shorter than that …

Problems In Csf And Ophthalmic Disease Research, Ryan Machiele, Benjamin Jay Frankfort, Hanspeter Esriel Killer, David Fleischman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

There has been significant interest and progress in the understanding of cerebrospinal fluid pressure and its relationship to glaucoma and other ophthalmic diseases. However, just as every physiologic fluid pressure fluctuates, cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFP) is similarly dynamic. Coupling this with the difficulty in measuring the pressure, there are many obstacles in furthering this field of study. This review highlights some of the difficulties in CSFP research, including fluid compartmentalization, estimation equations, and pressure fluctuation. Keeping these limitations in mind will hopefully improve the quality and context of this burgeoning field.

Systematic Profiling Of Dnmt3a Variants Reveals Protein Instability Mediated By The Dcaf8 E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Adaptor, Yung-Hsin Huang, Chun-Wei Chen, Venkatasubramaniam Sundaramurthy, Mikołaj Słabicki, Dapeng Hao, Caroline J Watson, Ayala Tovy, Jaime M Reyes, Olga Dakhova, Brielle R Crovetti, Christina Galonska, Minjung Lee, Lorenzo Brunetti, Yubin Zhou, Katrina Tatton-Brown, Yun Huang, Xiaodong Cheng, Alexander Meissner, Peter J M Valk, Lionel Van Maldergem, Mathijs A Sanders, Jamie R Blundell, Wei Li, Benjamin L Ebert, Margaret A Goodell

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Clonal hematopoiesis is a prevalent age-related condition associated with a greatly increased risk of hematologic disease; mutations in DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) are the most common driver of this state. DNMT3A variants occur across the gene with some particularly associated with malignancy, but the functional relevance and mechanisms of pathogenesis of the majority of mutations are unknown. Here, we systematically investigated the methyltransferase activity and protein stability of 253 disease-associated DNMT3A mutations, and found that 74% were loss-of-function mutations. Half of these variants exhibited reduced protein stability and, as a class, correlated with greater clonal expansion and acute …

E-Racing Tobacco & Nicotine-Related Health Disparities, Michael Ulrich

Faculty Scholarship

In the past, tobacco companies used targeted advertising to integrate menthol cigarettes and addict the Black community, generating tobacco-related health disparities. As Juul has come under attack, they have utilized the tobacco playbook to protect itself and deflect criticism by donating to a historically Black medical school and recruiting leaders in the Black community. This helped to create a "Black shield" for menthol cigarettes, which are only now at risk of being regulated, and has the potential to do the same in the vape industry. If proactive steps are not undertaken, health tobacco-related health disparities will continue.

Development Of Phage Cocktails To Treate Coli Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection And Associated Biofilms, Belkys C Sanchez, Emmaline R Heckmann, Sabrina I Green, Justin R Clark, Heidi B Kaplan, Robert F Ramig, Casey Hines-Munson, Felicia Skelton, Barbara W Trautner, Anthony W Maresso

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

High rates of antimicrobial resistance and formation of biofilms makes treatment of Escherichia coli catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) particularly challenging. CAUTI affect 1 million patients per year in the United States and are associated with morbidity and mortality, particularly as an etiology for sepsis. Phage have been proposed as a potential therapeutic option. Here, we report the development of phage cocktails that lyse contemporary E. coli strains isolated from the urine of patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) and display strong biofilm-forming properties. We characterized E. coli phage against biofilms in two in vitro CAUTI models. Biofilm viability was …

Mid-Breton Sediment Diversion (Mbrsd) Assessment – Final Report, Jerry D. Wiggert, Brandy N. Armstrong, M. Kemal Cambazoglu, Sandeep Kalathupurath Kuttan

Faculty Publications

The purpose of this project is to provide managers at the Mississippi Department of Marine Resources (MDMR) with the scientific information needed to accurately address public concerns regarding the potential effects of the Louisiana Coastal Master Plan / Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority (CPRA) Mid-Breton Sediment Diversion (MBrSD) on the jurisdictional waters and resources of Mississippi. The stated design purpose of the MBrSD is to reconnect and re-establish the deltaic sediment deposition process between the Mississippi River and the Breton Sound Basin through a diversion that will deliver up to 75,000 cfs of sediment-laden freshwater. The report presented herein provides …

Front Matter, Vol. 54 2022

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Masthead, Vol. 54 2022

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Foreword: The Academy And International Law: A Catalyst For Change And Innovation, Michael P. Scharf, Caroline R. Cirillo

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

The Arc Of Justice: From Nuremberg To The Fall Of The Berlin Wall?, Mark S. Ellis

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Grotian Moments And Statehood, Milena Sterio

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Why The Veto Power Is Not Unlimited: A Response To Critiques Of, And Questions About, Existing Legal Limits To The Veto Power In The Face Of Atrocity Crimes, Jennifer Trahan

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

The Minds Behind The Movement: The Role Of Academics In East Asia’S War Reparations Litigation, Timothy Webster

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

What War Did To The Academy, What The Academy Did To War: A 20-Year Retrospective On The Effects Of The Post-9/11 Wars, Deborah Pearlstein

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Teaching International Law In Pursuit Of Justice, Beth Van Schaack

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Immigration After The Trump Administration: Surgical Fix Or Another Band-Aid?, Aleksandar Cuic

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Praxis For Peace, Darin E.W. Johnson

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Little Progress In The Sixth Committee On Crimes Against Humanity, Leila Nadya Sadat

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Responding To Claims Of Atrocities Against The Rohingya: Behind The Scenes Of The 2018 Rohingya Documentation Project, Andrew C. Mann, Nicole Carle

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Privacy Vs. Identity Rights: A Call For The United States To Adopt The United Kingdom’S “Open Id” System For Artificial Reproductive Technology, Rachel L. Emerson

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Equity Crowdfunding Economic Growth In African Countries: A Framework, Connor A. Gibbons

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Climate Litigation’S Pathways To Corporate Accountability, Mackenzie Kern

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Talking Foreign Policy: “Blood & Treasure” September 28, 2021 Broadcast, Michael P. Scharf, Et Al.

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

Talking Foreign Policy broadcast from Sept. 28, 2021, "Blood and Treasure," featuring Michael P. Scharf, Sandra Hodgkinson, Darin E.W. Johnson, Gregory P. Noone, and Milena Sterio. Interviews of international lawyers whose real-life experiences may have helped inspire the CBS TV show.

Guilty? Or Just Poor? Potential International Human Rights Violations In The U.S. Bail System, Alireza Nourani-Dargiri

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Making An Impact: Panel Of Former Journal Of International Law Editors, Caroline R. Cirillo, Niki Dasarathy, Philip Hadji, Katelyn Masetta-Alvarez, Alireza Nourani-Dargiri, Douglas Pilawa, Christopher Rassi

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

Alumni Panel of former editors of the Journal of International Law: Niki Dasarathy, Philip Hadji, Katelyn Masetta-Alvarez, Alireza Nourani-Dargiri, Douglas Pilawa, and Chrisopher Rassi recount their student experiences, careers after law school, and give advice to current students interested in international law careers.

An Automated Classifier For Child-Directed Speech From Lena Recordings, Janet Y. Bang, George Kachergis, Adriana Weisleder, Virginia A. Marchman

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

Race Car Aerodynamics Simulation And Transmitted Tire Reaction Forces, Mark T.J. Lin, Periklis Papadopoulos

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Often in Computational Fluid Dynamics integral forces and restoring moments are calculated, but the location where they should be applied may not always be clear. This is because the location is not intuitive: it is dependent on the vehicle’s velocity and its orientation (e.g. sideslip angle). A technique has been developed to translate the aerodynamic forces to the reaction forces on the vehicle’s tires. In this study, CFD simulation is performed with a 7.5° yaw to look at the effect of cornering. To understand aerodynamic effect on vehicle dynamics one must know the location at which this force is applied. …