Digital Commons Network^™

Planning The Surgery-First Approach In Surgical-Orthodontic Treatment With A Computer Aided Surgical Simulation (Cass) Planning Protocol, Sam Sheng-Pin Hsu, Dhruv Singhal, James J. Xia, Jaime Gateno, Cheng-Hui Lin, Chiung-Shing Huang, Lun-Jou Lo, Ellen Wen-Ching Ko, Yu-Ray Chen

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

The surgery-first approach in surgical orthodontic treatment is re-emerging as the preferred technique when compared to the traditional orthodontic first-approach. Despite its growing popularity, no planning protocol that offers comprehensive and accurate predictions has been described for the surgery-first approach. In this article, the authors utilize computer aided surgical simulation (CASS) to provide two planning methods for the surgery-first approach. The benefits of using CASS for planning include enhanced 3-dimensional visualization of treatment progression, the ability for surgeons and orthodontists to discuss and visualize in detail any potential treatment algorithm, and providing a more precise prediction for the surgeon, orthodontist, …

Face Asymmetry And Mandibular Bite Collapse Corrected With Orthognathic Surgery And Miniscrews In A Patient With Wilson’S Disease, Yi-Chin Wang, Ellen Wen-Ching Ko, Philip Kuo-Ting Chen

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

An adult female patient aged 34 years and 8 months with Wilson’s disease, a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder, demonstrated poor chewing ability and facial asymmetry which were worsened gradually since the disease attacked her 10 years ago. She was treated by surgical orthodontics with minimal presurgical orthodontic decompensation. We designed an atypical maxillary anterior subapical osteotomy to close the maxillary incisor pontic space, retract anterior segment of the maxilla, and maintain the dental midline simultaneously. The mandible deviation was corrected by bilateral sagittal split osteotomies. Severe bilateral posterior bite collapses were uprighted effectively and efficiently by miniscrews combined with …

Natural Development And Changes In Intercanine Widths Of Untreated Dentitions, Yueh-Tse Lee

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Dental arch dimensions undergo visible alterations as they grow, adapt, and age. Relatively rapid changes occur during the transitional dentition. Once a functional permanent dentition is established, smaller changes continue to be observed. The concept of maintainting of intercanine dimensions as an indicator for posttreatment stability has been supported by studies in the literature. An understanding of the development and changes in intercanine widths helps in distinguishing changes occurred from natural growth or appliance therapy, planning orthodontic treatment, and assessing stability and smile esthetics following orthodontic treatment. This article attempts to review the literature and summarizes the natural development and …

Intraoral Iatrogenic Injuries In Orthodontics: Etiology, Prevention, And Management, Te-Yi Teng, Yu-Kun Chih

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

The iatrogenic injuries, which often lead to medical tangles, have been widely discussed in recent years.The areas of intraoral iatrogenic injuries in orthodontics include both hard tissues and soft tissues: tooth, alveolar bone, gingiva, oral mucosa, nerve and so on. Almost every procedure during orthodontic therapy could result in unpredictable injuries. To avoid negative effects, the clinicians should understand all causes of various iatrogenic injuries, and take measures during orthodontic treatment. This article discusses the etiologies, prevention and management of intraoral injuries, and it may help for clinicians.

Nickel Allergy In Orthodontic, Chao-Hsuan Sun, Li-Hsiang Lin, Bilin Spring Hsu, Sheng-Yang Lee

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Nickel containing appliances are widely used in orthodontic practice. Nickel allergy is a type of delayed hypersensitivity, sign and symptom wouldn’t become obvious 24 ~ 72 hrs after initial nickel contact, making first hand diagnosis and treatment difficult. The aim of this article is to review diagnosis and prevention options for managing nickel allergy.

The Regulation Of Mmp-3 Upon Mechanical Stimulation In Bone Cells, Shu-Chun Tsai, Hui-Jen Tsai, Chu-Yin Weng, Wen-Pei Wong, Pei-Chuan Hung, Chih-Ching Liao, Yi-Jane Chen, Chung-Chen Jane Yao

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

During orthodontic tooth movement, bone remodeling is induced by mechanical stimulation. The mechanical regulation to stimulate the activities of osteoblasts and osteoclasts is a focus of bone studies, which also got more attention in orthodontics recently. Members of matrix metalloproteinase family (MMP) were found to be closely related to the bone remodeling during orthodontic treatment. Some studies proposed that the matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) is related to bone resorption because the gene expression of MMP-3 was increased by orthodontic force at the compression site. Therefore, MMP-3 likely participated in bone resorption. We reviewed the studies related to the regulation of MMP-3 …

Treatment Of Inadequate Tooth Structure And Uneven Gingival Level In The Esthetic Zone With Forced Eruption – Case Report, Yu-Shu Liao, Sam Sheng-Pin Hsu, Pi-Lun Chen, Yu-Hwa Pan

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Restoration of severely damaged anterior tooth requires comprehensive evaluation and carefully treatment plan making. A case of inadequade supra-gingival tooth structure of maxillary central incisor which needs restoration was presented. Forced eruption was used to lengthen the clinical crown, and adjust the gingival level. Then full ceramic crowns were restored for esthetic demands of the patient. Evaluation, treatment plan consideration, and overview of the forced eruption was provided.

Changes In The Morphology Of Mandibular Symphysis Secondary To Pre-Surgical Dental Decompensation In Class Iii Malocclusion, Yu-Ching Wang, I-Ming Tsai, Hui-Ling Chen

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the changes in morphology of mandibular symphysis in Class III malocclusion after pre-surgical dental decompensation. Thirteen patients underwent orthognathic surgery to correct Class III skeletal and dental malocclusions. The dental decompensation was indicated for these patients to gain greater setback amount of bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy. The morphology was assessed through lateral cephalograms obtained initially and preoperatively. After pre-surgical dental decompensation, the sagittal discrepancies were maintained. There was statistically significant lower incisor proclination, and both the FMIA and IMPA approximated the norms. When the mandibular incisors were labially inclined, the thinner …

The Possibility Of Acceleration In Orthodontic Tooth Movement, Yu-Jia Liou, Ellen Wen-Ching Ko, Eric Jein-Wein Liou, Betty Chien-Jung Pai

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

In recent times, orthodontic treatment has attained significant interest and momentum. It has become more acceptable and admirable as a prime modality of treatment that not only enhances the facial esthetics but also can improve the function of the orofacial structures, than ever before. However, the layperson perceives it to be a treatment modality which consumes drastically longer period of time. Recent research pertaining to faster orthodontic tooth movement has dwelled in to this overwhelming area of reduced and more efficient treatment time. This review article specifically deals with such modalities of treatment which could elicit shorter treatment period than …

A Review Of The Relationship Between Facial Morphology In Vertical Dimension And The Masticatory Musculature, Yu-Ting Chiu, Wen-Ching Ko

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

The orthodontic treatment philosophy and strategy toward patients with different vertical facial pattern such as open bite or deep bite, long face or short face, are usually different. The relationship between facial morphology in vertical dimension and masticatory musculature are always interested by orthodontists. However, the cause and effect relationship between muscle function and facial morphology is still inconclusive. To get a better understanding of previous works, this article mainly reviews the relationship between function and form into three aspects: bite force, cross-sectional area of muscle, orientation and mechanical advantage of muscle.

The Effects Of Prescribed Fire On Ant-Mediated Seed Dispersal In Missouri, Eva M. Colberg

Dissertations

Many aspects of animal-mediated seed dispersal are vulnerable to disturbance, including partner identity and dispersal quantity and quality. This dissertation explores ant-mediated seed dispersal of the herb Sanguinaria canadensis in Missouri Ozark oak forests, where prescribed fire is a common land management tool. In Chapter 1, I test the definition of a keystone seed disperser using absolute and relative contributions of different ant species to the quantity and distance of seed dispersal, based on field observations of S. canadensis seed dispersal. I demonstrate that the ant Aphaenogaster rudis is better described as a numerically dominant rather than keystone seed disperser, …

Fall Faculty Conference 2022, Academic Affairs

Fall Faculty Conference

The Fall Faculty Conference featured a talk entitled Healing Through Connection: Lessons Learned from the Frontlines of Healthcare by Dr. Laurie Hommema, Senior Medical Director, Provider and Associate Well-Being, Ohio Health, Kristi McClure, MSN, RN, and Lois Sallee, MA, CCC-SLP.

Following the community conversation, faculty broke into different sessions that dealt with helping students become ready for Otterbein, advising success, immersive experiences, launching, and succeeding. After the breakout sessions, several faculty members showcased topics they had been working on. Jennifer Merkowitz (Music, 2022 Teacher of the Year) presented Making a Melody, Leesa Kern (Sociology, Criminology & Justice Studies) presented …

Teaching Without A Traditional Textbook, Jen Burbank, Stephanie Western

Empowering Teaching Excellence Conference

Record numbers of faculty have introduced digital content options into their courses since going online in the spring of 2020. Many of the changes to course structure and increased use of Canvas as well as alternative text options are here to stay. Learn how to ditch that traditional textbook and make use of open educational resources (OER). Open Educational Resources (OER) are teaching and learning materials that are free to use, adapt, and redistribute. With the cost of college education increasing, it is more important than ever to include freely accessible course materials for students whenever possible. Come and learn …

Complete Genome Sequences Of Two Temperate Bacillus Subtilis Phages Isolated At Tumamoc Hill Desert Laboratory, Gregory P. Krukonis, Amanda K. Kemp, Katie F. Storrie, Vivian R. Chavira, Hayden W. Lantrip, Victoria D. Perez, Desiree A. Reyes, Julian A. Truax, Rachel Loney, Veronique A. Delesalle

Biology Faculty Publications

Bacteriophages are important in structuring bacterial communities, including desert soils dominated by Bacillus species. Here, we describe two genetically similar temperate phages isolated on a Bacillus subtilis strain from soil in Tucson, Arizona. Their double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes contain 98 and 102 genes, with a set of 4 genes being found in only one phage.

Developmental Basis Of Evolutionary Lung Loss In Plethodontid Salamanders, Zachary R. Lewis, Ryan R. Kerney, James Hanken

Biology Faculty Publications

One or more members of four living amphibian clades have independently dispensed with pulmonary respiration and lack lungs, but little is known of the developmental basis of lung loss in any taxon. We use morphological, molecular, and experimental approaches to examine the Plethodontidae, a dominant family of salamanders, all of which are lungless as adults. We confirm an early anecdotal report that plethodontids complete early stages of lung morphogenesis: Transient embryonic lung primordia form but regress by apoptosis before hatching. Initiation of pulmonary development coincides with expression of the lung-specification gene Wnt2b in adjacent mesoderm, and the lung rudiment expresses …

The Impact Of Submarine Groundwater Discharge On Nutrient Dynamics In A Sub-Polar Mudflat, Josianne Haag

Oceanography

Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) plays a major role in the hydrological and biogeochemical cycles controlling nearshore nutrient availability. The Northern Gulf of Alaska coastline is highly diverse, ranging from rocky beaches, sandy beaches, and mudflats; SGD varies according to sediment permeability, strength of wave pumping, and slope of the water table. SGD has been previously estimated at a rocky beach in the NGA, but this thesis sought to quantity SGD in an extensive mudflat using well-established tracers (radium and radon) and determine the major sources of nutrients to the bay. The rate of SGD was comparable between the mudflat and …

An Examination Of A Sleep-Related Hypermotor Epilepsy Associated Mutation In Complex Α4Β2* Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors, Tyler Smith

Chemistry and Biochemistry

Epilepsy is a disease that involves large networks of neurons. As such, studying the pathology of epilepsy has been complicated. Investigating epilepsy through the lens of Sleep-related Hypermotor Epilepsy (SHE) presents itself as a good strategy as SHE is linked to a variety of single point mutations. These mutations affect receptors, the most prominent being mutations in nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). nAChRs are pentameric ligand-gated ion channels. Five individual subunits combine to form a functional receptor. These nAChRs can either be homomeric, where all 5 subunits are the same, or heteromeric where there are different subunits combining. The most common …

Impairment Of Dna Repair By Oncogenic Virus Hhv8, Viktorija Podlutskaya

Chemistry and Biochemistry

Cancer is a growing disease burden worldwide. Lifestyle and environmental factors are the largest contributors to cancer development (90-95%) in contrast to genetics (5-10% of cases,); of the environmental factors, infections contribute 15-20% of the "external" risk in developing cancer. In the US, breast cancer is the most common type of cancer with 284,000 new cases expected in 2021, with the next most common being prostate and lung cancer. Viruses have long been suspected to promote cancerous transformations. Kaposi Sarcoma Associated Herpesvirus (KSHV) is implicated in Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) cancer transformation and in vitro is found in BCBL1 cells. KSHV …

All Is Perception, Robert Friedman

Faculty Publications

This editorial addresses the universality and importance of the science of perception. In particular, recently published studies in this journal illustrate the natural variations in perception. These articles are a reminder of perception as a natural process with inherent variations and that any two individuals are not guaranteed to form the same representation of an object, regardless of whether it originates from the senses or not. Since perception is a foundation for higher cognition, it also has an immense influence on studies of humanity and interpretations of natural processes.

Limited Rigor In Studies Of Raptor Mortality And Mitigation At Wind Power Facilities, Tara J. Conkling, Christopher J.W. Mcclure, Sandra Cuadros, Scott R. Loss, Todd E. Katzner

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Wind power is an expanding source of renewable energy. However, there are ecological challenges related to wind energy generation, including collisions of wildlife with turbines. Lack of rigor, and variation in study design, together limit efforts to understand the broad-scale effects of wind power infrastructure on wildlife populations. It is not clear, however, whether these types of limitations apply to groups of birds such as raptors that are particularly vulnerable to negative effects of wind energy. We reviewed 672 peer-reviewed publications, unpublished reports, and citations from 321 wind facilities in 12 countries to evaluate methods used to monitor and mitigate …

International Students’ Perception Of Intercultural Communication From Official University Sources, Liseth Hubbard

Communication Theses

Research on intercultural communication has centered on the difficulties that international students experience during their adjusting journey in their new residence away from home. However, there are relatively few in-depth studies that report on international students’ perceptions of communicative practices from university officials. Following a social phenomenological approach, this study focuses on understanding the impressions and experiences of 12 international students. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews centered on three sensitizing concepts: intercultural sensitivity (IS), intercultural communication competence (ICC), and intercultural learning (IL). Data were analyzed using an iterative phonetic approach as described by Sarah Tracy (2019). The findings were …

Assessing Annual Nearshore Carbonate Chemistry Trends In Alaska's Marginal Seas, James Currie

Marine Biology

One of the consequences of anthropogenic carbon emissions is ocean acidification (OA). As atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO₂) continue to rise, oceanic absorption of CO₂ changes the balance of dissolved inorganic carbon species (DIC) in seawater and alters marine carbonate chemistry. OA is predicted to be more pronounced in high-latitude environments, highlighting the importance of characterizing nearshore carbonate chemistry in polar and subpolar habitats, such as Alaska's marginal seas. OA can have significant impacts on calcifying organisms (including pteropods, clams, mussels, and oysters), lowering the saturation of calcium carbonate minerals that are essential for shell formation in seawater. Despite …

Marine And Not Terrestrial Resources Support Nearshore Food Webs Across A Gradient Of Glacial Watersheds In The Northern Gulf Of Alaska, James W. Schloemer

Marine Biology

Estuaries are among the most productive ecosystems on Earth, yet are especially at risk in high-latitude regions due to climate-driven effects on the connected terrestrial and marine realms. Warming in these regions exceeds the global average and is a major cause of the rapid melting of glaciers. As a result, the timing and magnitude of freshwater discharge into estuaries are subject to increase during the peak in glacial meltwater, ultimately affecting the riverine flux of nutrients and organic matter (OM) from the land to coastal environments. Intertidal communities near the outflow of rivers often rely on supplementing local (marine) food …

The Impact Of Dieting Culture Is Different Between Sexes In Endurance Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis, Austin J. Graybeal, Andreas Kreutzer, Jada L. Willis, Robyn Braun-Trocchio, Kamiah Moss, Meena Shah

Faculty Publications

Background: Frequent dieting is common in athletes attempting to achieve a body composition perceived to improve performance. Excessive dieting may indicate disordered eating (DE) behaviors and can result in clinical eating disorders. However, the current nutrition patterns that underly dieting culture are underexplored in endurance athletes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the sex differences in nutrition patterns among a group of endurance athletes.

Methods: Two-hundred and thirty-one endurance athletes (females = 124) completed a questionnaire regarding their dieting patterns and associated variables.

Results: The majority of athletes did not follow a planned diet …

Structure-Based Design Of Stapled Peptides That Bind Gabarap And Inhibit Autophagy, Hawley Brown, Mia Chung, Alina Üffing, Nefeli Batistatou, Tiffany Tsang, Samantha Doskocil, Weiqun Mao, Dieter Willbold, Robert C Bast, Zhen Lu, Oliver H Weiergräber, Joshua A Kritzer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The LC3/GABARAP family of proteins is involved in nearly every stage of autophagy. Inhibition of LC3/GABARAP proteins is a promising approach to blocking autophagy, which sensitizes advanced cancers to DNA-damaging chemotherapy. Here, we report the structure-based design of stapled peptides that inhibit GABARAP with nanomolar affinities. Small changes in staple structure produced stapled peptides with very different binding modes and functional differences in LC3/GABARAP paralog selectivity, ranging from highly GABARAP-specific to broad inhibition of both subfamilies. The stapled peptides exhibited considerable cytosolic penetration and resistance to biological degradation. They also reduced autophagic flux in cultured ovarian cancer cells and sensitized …

Long-Term Effect Of A Gnrh-Based Immunocontraceptive On Feral Cattle In Hong Kong, Rebecca Pinkham, Ka-Kei Koon, Jason To, Jason Chan, Flavie Vial, Matt Gomm, Douglas C. Eckery, Giovanna Massei

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Increasing human-wildlife conflicts worldwide are driving the need for multiple solutions to reducing “problem” wildlife and their impacts. Fertility control is advocated as a non-lethal tool to manage free-living wildlife and in particular to control iconic species. Injectable immunocontraceptives, such as GonaCon, stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies against the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which in turn affects the release of reproductive hormones in mammals. Feral cattle (Bos indicus or Bos taurus) in Hong Kong are an iconic species whose numbers and impacts on human activities have increased over the last decade. Previous studies have proven that a …

Applying Third-Generation Sequencing To Pathogen Surveillance And Mixed Infection Detection, Jeremy B. Buttler

Biological Sciences

One Health is the concept of interconnected health between plants, animals, humans, microorganisms and the environments they live in. One Health issues surround many important viral pathogens, including influenza, SARS-CoV-2, and Ebola, that have likely come from zoonotic spillovers. Genomic epidemiology combines pathogen genomes with metadata to forecast, track, and prepare for future pathogens and pathogen variants that may cause epidemics. Genomic epidemiology has been used to detect and track viral variants that have the potential to escape vaccines for viruses like porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2). PCV2 causes porcine circovirus associated diseases (PCVAD), which results in weight loss and …

Soundscapes On The Arctic Coastal Plain: Assessing Sound Disturbance And The Auditory Sensitivity Of Caribou (Rangifer Tarandus), Megan E. Perra

Biological Sciences

The Arctic Coastal Plain of Alaska is a region on traditional Inupiat land that supports millions of migratory birds and over half a million caribou (Rangifer tarandus) at the most critical time in their life-histories. They are an important part of seasonal subsistence activities for the surrounding rural Indigenous communities. Therefore, conservation efforts that support this ecosystem also bolster food security in the region. Monitoring this system has increasingly become a necessary and prudent task as the landscape evolves under the pressures of resource extraction and climate change. To date, limited research has been conducted on the sounds present in …

Dynamic Energy Budget Models: Fertile Ground For Understanding Resource Allocation In Plants In A Changing World, Sabrina E. Russo, Glenn Ledder, Erik B. Muller, Roger M. Nisbet

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Climate change is having dramatic effects on the diversity and distribution of species. Many of these effects are mediated by how an organism’s physiological patterns of resource allocation translate into fitness through effects on growth, survival and reproduction. Empirically, resource allocation is challenging to measure directly and so has often been approached using mathematical models, such as Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) models. The fact that all plants require a very similar set of exogenous resources, namely light, water and nutrients, integrates well with the DEB framework in which a small number of variables and processes linked through pathways represent an …

Defence Mitigation By Predators Of Chemically Defended Prey Integrated Over The Predation Sequence And Across Biological Levels With A Focus On Cardiotonic Steroids, Shabnam Mohammadi, Lu Yang, Matthew Bulbert, Hannah M. Rowland

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Predator–prey interactions have long served as models for the investigation of adaptation and fitness in natural environments. Anti-predator defences such as mimicry and camouflage provide some of the best examples of evolution. Predators, in turn, have evolved sensory systems, cognitive abilities and physiological resistance to prey defences. In contrast to prey defences which have been reviewed extensively, the evolution of predator counter-strategies has received less attention. To gain a comprehensive view of how prey defences can influence the evolution of predator counter-strategies, it is essential to investigate how and when selection can operate. In this review we evaluate how predators …