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Study Shows An Improved Way To Model Type 2 Diabetes In Mice, Staff

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Association Of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Rs1801133 Genetic Variants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus And Diabetic Nephropathy, Aysegul Bayramoglu, Gokhan Bayramoglu, Halil Ibrahım Guler, Nezaket Coban, Mustafa Çagatay Korkmaz

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex metabolic disease with a genetic predisposition. Methylenetetrahydrofolatereductase (MTHFR) gene is one of the candidate genes associated with T2DM and diabetic nephropathy (DN). This research was carried out to determine the frequency of the C677T polymorphism (rs1801133) of the MTHFR gene and examine the role of rs1801133 polymorphism in T2DM and DN development.

Methods: DNA was obtained from peripheral blood samples (273 samples) using a DNA isolation kit. MTHFR rs1801133 polymorphism was determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), and electrophoresis. PCR products were cut by …

Factors Influencing The Choice Of Toothpaste And Investigation Of Those Most Commercialized By Students In Settat, Morocco, Abdellatif Rahim, Wissal El Karfi, Lalla Asmaa Katir Masnaoui, Bouchra El Amiri, Abdel Khalid Essamadi

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: This study aimed to determine the factors influencing the choice of toothpaste by students in Settat (Morocco) and investigate the characteristics of those most commercialized in this region.

Methods: A close-ended questionnaire was developed and filled out. This was a cross-sectional study of 429 students who agreed to participate. Based on questionnaire data, the 15 most commercialized toothpaste by respondents were purchased, and their packaging was investigated.

Results: After analysis using Excel 2019, the results revealed that the major factors influencing the choice of toothpaste are brand 55%, family choice 48%, and media advertisements 40%. Moreover, …

Ngawbe: Tradición Y Cambio Entre Los Guaymí Del Occidente De Panamá, Milton R.A. Machuca-Gálvez, Phil D. Young Phd

University Libraries & Learning Sciences Faculty and Staff Publications

Esta es la traducción al castellano del libro Ngawbe: Tradition and Change among the Western Guaymi of Panama. de Phil D. Young (1936-2013), publicado en 1971 por University of Illinois Press, Chicago (No. 7 de la serie Estudios en antropología).

Consta de un prefacio, nueve capítulos, un apéndice, un glosario y una bibliografía. En el planteamiento del problema el autor escribió: “Este estudio pretende ser principalmente una descripción de mucho de lo que es tradicional en la sociedad guaymí, especialmente en el ámbito de la organización social y económica. Se intenta explicar las complejas interrelaciones entre la economía y la …

Exploratory Analysis Of Outpatient Visits For Us Adults Diagnosed With Lupus Erythematosus: Findings From The National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey 2006–2016, Salena Marie Preciado, Khaled A. Elsaid, Souhiela Fawaz, Lawrence Brown, Enrique Seoane-Vazquez, Marc Fleming, Yun Wang

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

The study aims to assess office-based visit trends for lupus patients and evaluate their medication burden, chronic conditions, and comorbidities. This cross-sectional study used data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS), a survey sample weighted to represent national estimates of outpatient visits. Adult patients diagnosed with lupus were included. Medications and comorbidities that were frequently recorded were identified and categorized. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses were used to characterize visits by sex, age, race/ethnicity, insurance type, region, and reason for visit. Comorbidities were identified using diagnosis codes documented at each encounter. There were 27,029,228 visits for lupus patients …

Caulerpa Chemnitzia In Darwin Threatening Galapagos Coral Reefs, Inti Keith, William Bensted-Smith, Stuart Banks, Jenifer Suarez, Bernhard Riegl

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Coral reefs are rare in the Galapagos and there is concern that, like in many areas around the world, they may be degrading due to increasing anthropogenic pressure, which can cause changes and reorganizations of structure and function with associated phase shifts. Algae of the genus Caulerpa J.V. Lamouroux, 1809 are known as widespread and persistent marine invaders. They grow rapidly, particularly in disturbed areas where they can opportunistically monopolize substratum and compete with native species, thus reducing biodiversity. Caulerpa chemnitzia increased in abundance and overgrew corals on the reef since 2012, ultimately raising fears that a phase-shift from coral …

Gabra5 Plays A Sexually Dimorphic Role In Pomc Neuron Activity And Glucose Balance, Zhou Pei, Yang He, Jonathan C. Bean, Yongjie Yang, Hailan Liu, Meng Yu, Kaifan Yu, Ilirjana Hyseni, Xing Cai, Hesong Liu, Na Qu, Longlong Tu, Kristine M. Conde, Mengjie Wang, Yongxiang Li, Na Yin, Nan Zhang, Junying Han, Camille H.S. Potts, Nikolas A. Scarcelli, Zili Yan, Pingwen Xu, Qi Wu, Yanlin He, Yong Xu, Chunmei Wang

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons are important for the regulation of body weight and glucose balance. The inhibitory tone to POMC neurons is mediated primarily by the GABA receptors. However, the detailed mechanisms and functions of GABA receptors are not well understood. The α5 subunit of GABAA receptor, Gabra5, is reported to regulate feeding, and we found that Gabra5 is highly expressed in POMC neurons. To explore the function of Gabra5 in POMC neurons, we knocked down Gabra5 specifically from mature hypothalamic POMC neurons using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 strategy. This POMC-specific knock-down of Gabra5 did not affect …

Long-Term Changes In Avian Biomass And Functional Diversity Within Disturbed And Undisturbed Amazonian Rainforest, David A. Luther, W. Justin Cooper, Vitek Jirinec, Jared D. Wolfe, Cameron L. Rutt, Richard O. Bierregaard, Thomas E. Lovejoy, Philip C. Stouffer

Faculty Publications

Recent long-term studies in protected areas have revealed the loss of biodiversity, yet the ramifications for ecosystem health and resilience remain unknown. Here, we investigate how the loss of understory birds, in the lowest stratum of the forest, affects avian biomass and functional diversity in the Amazon rainforest. Across approximately 30 years in the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, we used a historical baseline of avian communities to contrast the avian communities in today's primary forest with those in modern disturbed habitat. We found that in primary rainforest, the reduced abundance of insectivorous species led to reduced functional diversity, …

Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia Illucens) As A Potential Agent Of Organic Waste Bioconversion, Purnamasari Listya, Khasanah Himmatul

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

The use of black soldier fly (BSF) as a bioconversion agent has become an emerging breakthrough in waste processing. Organic wastes, such as household waste and livestock manure, can be used as a growth medium for BSF larvae and converted into favorable products. The average composting time of BSF larvae is around 12– 15 days, which is faster than that of microbes or earthworms (4–5 weeks). BSF shows potential as a feed and food ingredient because it has a high nutritional content, such as enzyme, chitin, medium-chain fatty acid, and antimicrobial peptides, and can be used as a functional food …

System Design For The Quantification Of Microbial Motility In Extreme Environments, Megan Marie Dubay

Dissertations and Theses

Motility of microorganisms is understudied but provides useful insights into their behavior. Organisms' ability to move autonomously changes how they interact with their environment--finding nutrients, interacting with other organisms, and avoiding unfavorable conditions. Understanding motility features can also be used to identify specific species, such as the identification of Vibrio cholerae in human samples. Motility might also be used as evidence of life existing in even the most extreme environments on Earth, and possibly beyond. Specialized microscopy systems can be required to examine the motility of microorganisms due to the nature of the environments to which the instruments are exposed. …

Using Plot Photographs To Estimate Tundra Vegetation Cover In Northern Alaska, Hana Christoffersen

Masters Theses

Plot photography can provide a quick, robust method to measure vegetation, especially in polar environments where logistics can be expensive and challenging. The success and widespread adoption of plot photography in the Arctic hinges on the accuracy of image analysis and data product interpretation. The relative cover of eight vegetation classes was estimated using a point frame and digital camera across thirty, 1-m² plots at Utqiaġvik, Alaska from 2012 to 2021. Geographic object-based image analysis (GEOBIA) was applied to generate objects and classify the three band (red, green, blue) images. Machine learning classifiers (random forest, gradient boosted model, classification …

Can Big Data Achieve Environmental Justice?, Dina Sunyowati, Masitoh Indriani, Annisa Firdhausy, Mochamad Kevin Romadhona

Indonesian Journal of International Law

Big data and analytical tools are being used by agricultural startup companies to develop their application performance. Generally, big data is a term that describes a large volume of structured and unstructured data. A few goals of its utilization include promoting environmental justice, improving energy efficiency, as well as tracking climate change by introducing ‘smart farms’. However, the utilization is accompanied by some flaws, such as legal regulatory issues involving the gap between applied technology and global government policies. There is also increased development of agricultural applications in Indonesia, which led to the initiation of a digitization program for plantation …

The Role Of Bariatric And Metabolic Surgery In The Development, Diagnosis, And Treatment Of Endometrial Cancer, Robert C. Ross, Yetunde M. Akinde, Philip R. Schauer, Carel W. Le Roux, Donal Brennan, Amelia M. Jernigan, Marco Bueter, Vance L. Albaugh

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The obesity pandemic continues to contribute to a worsening burden of disease worldwide. The link between obesity and diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer has been well established, yet most patients living with obesity remain untreated or undertreated. Metabolic and bariatric surgery is the most effective and durable treatment for obesity, is safe, and may have a protective benefit with respect to cancer incidence. In this review, an overview of the link between obesity, metabolic surgery, and cancer is discussed with emphasis on indications for endometrial cancer, the malignancy most strongly associated with obesity. Considerable evidence from retrospective …

Sars-Cov-2 Antibody Seroprevalence In Jakarta, Indonesia, Iwan Ariawan, Hafizah Jusril, Muhammad N Farid, Pandu Riono, Wiji Wahyuningsih, Widyastuti Widyastuti, Dwi Oktavia T L Handayani, Endang Sri Wahyuningsih, Rebekka Daulay, Retno Henderiawati, Safarina G. Malik, Rintis Noviyanti, Leily Trianty, Nadia Fadila, Khin Saw Aye Myint, Frilasita A. Yudhaputri, Neeraja Venkateswaran, Kodumudi Venkateswaran, Venkatachalam Udhayakumar, William A. Hawley, Juliette Morgan, Paul M. Pronyk

Kesmas

The SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics in low- and middle-income countries remain poorly understood. This study aimed to estimate the SARS-CoV-2 antibodies seroprevalence in Jakarta, Indonesia, and to increase knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in urban settings. A population-based serosurvey among individuals aged one year or older was conducted in Jakarta. Employing a multistage sampling design, samples were stratified by district, slum, and non-slum residency, sex, and age group. Blood samples were tested for IgG against three different SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Seroprevalence was estimated after applying sample weights and adjusting for cluster characteristics. In March 2021, this study collected 4,919 respondents. The weighted estimate …

Determinants Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Passive Smokers, Adinda Rahma Triyaniarta, Santi Martini, Kurnia Dwi Artanti, Sri Widati, Rizma Dwi Nastiti

Kesmas

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) leads to complications of other diseases. The modifiable risk factors for T2DM are overweight, physical activity, hypertension, unhealthy diet, and smoking. This study aimed to analyze determinants of T2DM incidence in passive smokers among various factors. This study was conducted at Hospital X in Surabaya City, East Java Province, Indonesia, from September 2019 to April 2020. The variables were univariate, bivariate, and multivariate. Case samples were T2DM patients and passive smokers, while control samples were non-T2DM patients and passive smokers, with 52 respondents per group, of 104 total respondents. Variables statistically significant related to the …

Perspectives On Reproductive Health Education Among Javanese Parents, Bagoes Widjanarko, Ratih Indraswari, Aditya Kusumawati, Novia Handayani

Kesmas

This study aimed to investigate the perspectives of reproductive health education among Javanese parents of children aged 9-11 years. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 12,306 parents in Semarang City, Central Java Province, Indonesia, using a purposive sampling technique. Some parents agreed that reproductive health education at home was unnecessary (29.5%), taboo (45%), difficult (73.1%), and awkward (41.5%). Most parents (72.7%) were not transparent in providing reproductive health information to their children by using other terms to name the genitals, considering the politeness aspect. Good practices of providing reproductive health information are slightly more common in mothers (54.2%), unemployed parents …

The Relationship Among Menopausal Knowledge, Stress, And Symptom Management In Southern Rural African American Women: A Developmental Perspective, Susan L. Prather

Dissertations

More than 12.9 million African American women are between the ages of 45 and 54, which is the perimenopausal period. Regardless of the millions of African American women transitioning to menopause yearly, very little information is available about their experiences, and even less is known about how they manage their symptoms.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between menopausal knowledge, stress, and symptom management among rural southern African American women. Researchers have examined menopausal experiences over the last two decades; the majority of health information about menopause is based on studies of middle-toupper-class Caucasian women. Hence, …

Estimating External Tissue Support Parameters With Fluid-Structure Interaction Models From 4d Ultrasound Of Murine Thoracic Aortae, Tanmay C. Shidhore, Hannah L. Cebull, Megan C. Madden, Ivan C. Christov, Vitaliy L. Rayz, Craig J. Goergen

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

Modeling of fluid-structure interactions (FSIs) between the deformable arterial wall and blood flow is necessary to obtain physiologically realistic computational models of cardiovascular systems. However, lack of information on the nature of contact between the outer vessel wall and surrounding tissue presents challenges in prescribing appropriate structural boundary conditions. Imaging techniques used to visualize wall deformation in vivo may be useful for estimating simulation parameters that capture the effects of both vascular composition and surrounding tissue support on the vessel wall displacement. Here, we present a method to calibrate external tissue support parameters in FSI simulations against four-dimensional ultrasound (4DUS) …

The Impact Of Covid-19 On Physical (In)Activity Behavior In 10 Arab Countries, Haleama Al Sabbah, Zainab Taha, Radwan Qasrawi, Enas A Assaf, Leila Cheikh Ismail, Ayesha S Al Dhaheri, Maha Hoteit, Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh, Reema Tayyem, Hiba Bawadi, Majid Alkhalaf, Khlood Bookari, Iman Kamel, Somaia Dashti, Sabika Allehdan, Tariq A Alalwan, Fadwa Hammouh, Mostafa I Waly, Diala Abu Al-Halawa, Rania Mansour, Allam Abu Farha, The Regional Corona Cooking Survey Group ( The Regional Corona Cooking Survey Group (

All Works

Insufficient physical activity is considered a strong risk factor associated with non-communicable diseases. This study aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 on physical (in)activity behavior in 10 Arab countries before and during the lockdown. A cross-sectional study using a validated online survey was launched originally in 38 different countries. The Eastern Mediterranean regional data related to the 10 Arabic countries that participated in the survey were selected for analysis in this study. A total of 12,433 participants were included in this analysis. The mean age of the participants was 30.3 (SD, 11.7) years. Descriptive and regression analyses were conducted …

Exclusive Breastfeeding For At Least Four Months Is Associated With A Lower Prevalence Of Overweight And Obesity In Mothers And Their Children After 2–5 Years From Delivery, Maria Mantzorou, Dimitrios Papandreou, Georgios K. Vasios, Eleni Pavlidou, Georgios Antasouras, Evmorfia Psara, Zainab Taha, Efthymios Poulios, Constantinos Giaginis

All Works

INTRODUCTION: Obesity is a current public health concern. Higher body weight is influenced by genetic and environmental parameters, and their interplay and is associated with a greater risk for several chronic diseases. Breastfeeding has been suggested as a preventive measure against obesity, which can further reduce long-term negative health outcomes for both women and children. AIM: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of breastfeeding on maternal and childhood overweight and obesity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 2515 healthy mothers and their children, aged 2-5 years, enrolled from nine different Greek …

Case Study: Exploring College Students’ Transformative Learning Experience Through Co-Creation Of A Pilot Compassionate Parenting Module In A Humanities Class, Maria Silvia Casabianca

Theses and Dissertations

A case study was conducted with 14 students who took a 16-week college humanities course at a regional university in the state of Florida. The core subjects of the course were kindness, compassion, and empathy. The instructor’s approach to teaching included methods akin to those of transformational learning. Data were collected from 14 weeks of reflective journals, semi-structured interviews, and compassionate parenting modules written by the participants as final assignments. Findings indicated that transformative learning practices supported participants’ reflection and identification of acquired beliefs and new learning about kindness, empathy, and compassion. Participants also described perceived benefits of kindness for …

Covid-19 Pandemic Impacts On Mammalian Carnivore Activity In The Eastern United States, Joan Tremblay, Miranda Davis, Robert Bagchi

Honors Scholar Theses

Lockdowns and restrictions associated with the 2020 Covid-19 pandemic altered human activity, with potential impacts on wildlife. In particular, the activity of reclusive mammalian carnivores, which often avoid humans, may have been affected with ramifications for population connectivity and viability. Here, I evaluate changes in the capture rates of humans and mammalian carnivores between 2019 and 2020 across 31 sites in the Eastern United States. Site-specific capture records were obtained from the Snapshot USA camera trapping survey. Differences in carnivore activity were modelled as a response to human activity changes and the development level of the site (urban, suburban, rural …

Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment, Shahryar Sorooshian, Noor Azlinna Azizan, Nader Ale Ebrahim

Research Publications (2021 to 2025)

Multiple Criteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches are required for complex issue resolution. However, it is debatable whether MCDMs applicability will be able to stay within the analytical possibilities for dealing with divorce issues. As a result, one of the newly introduced MCDMs Weighted aggregated sum product assessment (WASPAS), is chosen for evaluation. Therefore, this study examined 388 documents from archive of the Scopus database. To evaluate the diversity of the technique's application, the data analysis looked at a few bibliometrics measures. So, the publishing hosts and their influence patterns are displayed, the vast majority of the documents were in the fields …

Comparisons Of Microleakage And Scanning Electron Microscope Sem Analyzes Of The Use Of Different Pulp Coverage Materials, Yasemin Yavuz, Sedef Kotanli, Mehmet Sinan Doğan, Kemal Doğan

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: The aim of this study was to compare three different pulp coverage materials with calcium silicate content considering microleakage in the cavity floor and evaluate the gaps with a stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope SEM.

Methods: A total of 40 human molar teeth were used in this study, and class V (4 mm mesio-distal × 3 mm gingivo-occlusal × 3 mm depth) cavities were prepared. The samples were divided into four groups (N = 10), including NeoPutty(Nusmile), Biodentin (Septodont), and TheraCal PT (Bisco). All groups were restored using Single Bond Universal adhesive and Filtek Z250 (3M ESPE). …

Electromyographic Activity Of Masticatory Muscles In Asymptomatic Young Adults, Aneta Wieczorek, Malgorzata Pihut, Jolanta E. Loster

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

Introduction: The masseter and the anterior part of the temporalis are the muscles mainly responsible for the clenching function. Clenching patterns and the activity of these muscles are not expected to differ between male and females, nor between different occlusal classes. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether the activity index of the masseter and temporalis muscles is related to occlusal class and gender. Methods: This study involved 145 eighteen-year-old Caucasian volunteers who underwent surface electromyography. The sEMG was analyzed at the moment of 100% occlusal contact. Occlusal classes were determined used plaster casts. …

Fractal Analysis Of Subchondral Cyst At Mandibular Condyle Detected On Panoramic Radiograph In A Group Of Thai Population, Aloysius Putut Wijanarko, Preeyaporn Srimawong, Suchaya Pornprasertsuk-Damrongsri, Apirum Janhom

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze subchondral cyst on the mandibular condyle using fractal dimension (FD) measurement on a panoramic radiograph. Methods: This retrospective study examined 15 patients aged 24 to 75 years who had undergone panoramic radiography and cone-beam computed tomography on both sides of the mandibular condyles, between January 2013 and November 2017, in the Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Clinic, Dental Hospital, Mahidol University. These 15 patients, all of whom had a subchondral cyst on one side of the mandibular condyle, constituted both the study and control groups: the 15 affected sides constituted the study group, …

The Effect Of Disc Displacement On Temporomandibular Joint Morphology In Patients With Disc Displacement, Melike Yurttaş, Esin Bozdemir, Şehnaz Evrimler

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

Objective: To examine the morphological properties of temporomandibular joint structures by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on patients with and without disc displacement (DD). Methods: Thirty-eight patients with disc displacement and 13 patients without disc displacement were included. Age, gender, and clinical findings such as pain, joint sounds of patients were recorded. The patients were classified as anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDWR) group, anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDWoR) group, and control group on MRI. Disc morphology was categorized as biconcave, hemiconvex, biconvex, biplanar, or folded. Condyle morphology was characterized as convex, angled, flat, or rounded. Articular eminence …

The Effect Of Melatonin On Implant Stability And Marginal Bone Level Around The Implant, Hemanth Ravella, Mulpuri Venkata Ramoji Rao, Sathish Manthena, Suneetha Koneru, Penubolu Lakshmi Preethi, Venkata Naga Sri Harsha Anumolu

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

Dental implants have been used for missing teeth replacement with a high success rate. Melatonin is an antioxidant and acts as a free radical scavenger. It retards the resorption of bone by regulating RANKL and OPG synthesis, and increases the BIC (Bone to implant contact) and also bone perimeter and bone mineralization. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess if topical melatonin application at the osteotomy site has any influence on the stability and marginal bone level around the implant Methods: In this split mouth double blind randomized control trial 30 implants were placed on either …

Selection Of Commercially Available Membrane Between Resorbable And Nonresorbable Materials For Guided Bone Regeneration, Yunia Dwi Rakhmatia, Yasunori Ayukawa, Akihiro Furuhashi, Kiyoshi Koyano

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the commercially available membranes used for treatment in Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR). Methods: Four membranes resorbable and non-resorbable were used and a critical size defect in six-week-old Wistar rats was created for membrane application. Meanwhile, the defect without membrane treatment was used as the control (C). Results: After 4 and 8 weeks, all rats were euthanized and block biopsies of calvaria including membrane were excised and analysed using microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). The sections were dehydrated with graded ethanol, embedded in resin, and cut for histologic evaluation. After 4 weeks, all membrane …

The Practices Of Treating Deep Carious Lesions Compared With The Dental Curriculum In Turkish Dentistry, Leyla Kerimova, Erdem Karabulut, Kivanç Yamanel, Neslihan Arhun

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional study is to investigate Turkish dentists’ opinions and preferences regarding the management of deep carious lesions and compare them with modern dental education concepts as provided by dental schools. Methods: Questionnaire 1 and Questionnaire 2 were sent separately to dental practitioners via the Turkish Dental Association and to university department heads of restorative dentistry. The data obtained were analyzed using chi-square tests and one-way ANOVA tests (p < 0.05). Results: Regarding Questionnaire 1, most of the dentists (89.3%) responded that caries lesions should be removed completely up to the hard cut-off condition of …