Digital Commons Network^™

The Criminalization Of Pregnant People: Should Prenatal Drug Use Be Treated As A Crime Or Cry For Help?, Stevey Terry

Student Works

No abstract provided.

Reconsidering The Letter Of The Law: On The Necessity Of Expanding Death Penalty Exemptions For The Mentally Ill, Rosa Mazza-Hilway

Student Works

No abstract provided.

History Repeating: How Jim Crow-Type Laws Continue To Disenfranchise Black Women, Deanna Brizak

Student Works

No abstract provided.

A Pandemic And Evictions: A Dangerous Duo That Is Creating An Insurmountable Crisis, Kenneth D. Freid

Student Works

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Perjured Testimony On Due Process: Should Prosecutors Assume Their Witnesses Are Lying?, Nicholas D. Velez

Student Works

No abstract provided.

Overregulating Cannabis And Underregulating Prescription Opioids: Is A Compelling Opioid Crisis Remediation Strategy Getting Lost In The Weeds?, Jared Blau-Kursman Esq.

Student Works

No abstract provided.

The São Paulo Forum’S Armed Forces Agenda: Examining Venezuela And Brazil, David J. Guenni Bravo

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

The São Paulo Forum (SPF) is a resilient ideological alliance that provides extremist public policy recommendations to formal political parties, social movements, and insurgent groups throughout the Western Hemisphere. Based on substantial evidence, this research project asserts that the SPF has successfully influenced the national security and defense policies of states in the Latin America & Caribbean (LAC) region. Analysis of two significant cases in South America shows that, after being elected to high office, SPF affiliates and their political parties/platforms sought transformation of their countries’ national security and defense sectors to conform to SPF positions. Given its extensive influence …

Comparing The Motivation Of Auto Thieves And Carjackers, Tara Rose Abrahams

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Motor vehicle theft is a popular crime with hundreds of thousands of vehicles stolen each year. Two common MVT methods are auto thefts and carjackings. Auto thefts occur solely as property crimes, in which an offender steals an unoccupied vehicle. Carjackings are interpersonal crimes, in which the offender steals the vehicle from the driver by force or coercion. This study compares the motivation of the two offender groups. Utilizing 28 in-depth semi-structured interviews with active offenders, this study explores why they chose to commit crimes, why they chose vehicle-related crimes, and why they chose their preferred method. Although both offender …

Bipolar Screening Among Spanish-Speaking Us Residents Using The Mood Disorder Questionnaire, Emanuel T. Recinos

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

The Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) is a self-report screening instrument used to detect Bipolar Disorder (BD). Psychometric properties of Spanish translations of the MDQ are from communities where both language and cultural differences are present. A Spanish version of the MDQ not been validated among United States individuals who identify Spanish as their preferred language of communication.

Objective

We propose that the validation of a Castilian Spanish version of the MDQ is needed for cross-cultural adaptation, determining optimal cut-off scores, and as an aid to the literature on BD prevalence, specifically BD among Spanish speakers of the United States.

Methods …

Dordt University 2022-23 Catalog, Dordt University. Registrar's Office

Academic Catalogs

Academic catalog for 2022-23

Transformational Family Science: Praxis, Possibility, And Promise, Andrea G. Hunter, Shuntay Z. Tarver, Janine Jones

Counseling & Human Services Faculty Publications

We advance a transformational family science as an engaged practice that may serve social justice and an anti‐racist project. Our companion paper proposed epistemic revelatory interventions through which family science may re‐imagine itself. We highlight pillars of a transformational family science that (a) build with epistemological and paradigmatic stances of peripherals; (b) infuse an ethic of reflexivity, accountability, and responsibility in the pursuit of knowledge claims, and their validation; and (c) engage a critical interrogation of difference and power relations and the disruption of systemic and structural inequalities in which they are aligned. Informed by epistemic praxes, transformational praxes include …

Rethinking Evidentiary Rules In An Age Of Bench Trials, Henry Zhuhao Wang

Scholarly Publications

American jury trials are vanishing. Statistics indicate that the number of jury trials in the United States federal and state courts has diminished for decades, a phenomenon that has become even more pronounced amid the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Courts throughout the nation are on track for more than a year without any trials by jury. But as jury trials wane, bench trials are dominant in federal and state courts for both civil and criminal cases. What does that mean, then, for evidentiary rules? The Federal Rules of Evidence, first adopted in 1975, codify federal evidence law and have been adopted …

Where There's A Will There's A Way: Examining The Possible Impacts Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Incidents Of Mass Violence In The Usa, Gordon A. Crews, Garrison A. Crews, Samantha Leigh Crews

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

“Where there’s a will there’s a way” is a proverb that simply means if someone is determined to do something, he or she will find a way to accomplish it regardless of obstacles. Unfortunately, this is very true for those who wish to commit acts of violence wish to commit acts of violence. The purpose of this chapter is to examine the possible impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on incidents of mass and multiple victim violence in the US. More specifically, what impact did efforts such as stay-athome/shelter-in-place orders, telecommuting options for workers, school closures, cancellation of large public events, …

Wellness Education For The Food Insecure Population, Erin M. Grensteiner

Occupational Therapy Capstones

Food insecurity is a problem facing the United States that often has few solutions. Those who face the challenges of food insecurity are known as the food-insecure population. Since the persistence of food insecurity, poorer health outcomes have become positively associated with the food-insecure population. After reviewing the literature, it was found that difficulties with the occupations of maintaining personal and home hygiene and resource seeking were prevalent and found to lead to poorer health outcomes. Difficulties with maintaining personal and home hygiene were found to stem from a lack of access or money to spend on personal and home …

Building Life Skills And Reducing Recidivism, Kassandra Severson

Occupational Therapy Capstones

Purpose: In the United States, about two-thirds of incarcerated women who have been released back into the community after they have served time, are re-arrested (Gordon, 2018). This scholarly project was created to help decrease the recidivism rates amongst the female population. Even though there are still more males incarcerated than females, female prisons population have increased 700% both on the state side and locally (Cowan, 2019). The purpose of developing Putting Together the Puzzle of Life is to illustrate the role of occupational therapy in the treatment of incarcerated individuals to reduce recidivism rates amongst the female population.

Methods: …

Robophobia, Andrew Keane Woods

University of Colorado Law Review

Robots-machines, algorithms, artificial intelligence-play an increasingly important role in society, often supplementing or even replacing human judgment. Scholars have rightly become concerned with the fairness, accuracy, and humanity of these systems. Indeed, anxiety about machine bias is at a fever pitch. While these concerns are important, they nearly all run in one direction: we worry about robot bias against humans; we rarely worry about human bias against robots.

This is a mistake. Not because robots deserve, in some deontological sense, to be treated fairly-although that may be true-but because our bias against nonhuman deciders is bad for us. For example, …

Leveling Up To A Reasonable Woman's Expectation Of Privacy, Victoria Schwartz

University of Colorado Law Review

Various privacy law doctrines involve a reasonable expectation of privacy or similar analyses that take into account social privacy norms. For the most part, however, neither courts nor scholars have explicitly grappled with whether courts descriptively do or normatively should consider gender in deciding what constitutes a reasonable expectation of privacy. This is despite the fact that, in various scenarios, a reasonable woman’s expectation of privacy might vary from a man’s in light of different lived experiences, biological differences, and existing societal gendered privacy norms.

This Article addresses how courts do and should take into account a reasonable woman’s expectation …

Transforming The Culture Of Youth Justice In The Wake Of Youth Prison Closures, Jessica K. Heldman

Lewis & Clark Law Review

In 2019, the Governor of California vowed to fundamentally transform the state’s youth justice system. The legislature endorsed this commitment by enacting SB 823, which began a phased closure of state-run youth prisons in 2021. California is not the first state—nor will it be the last—to close facilities in light of decreased youth crime and greater awareness of the harms associated with incarceration. Although a welcomed development, the closure of youth prisons should not be viewed as the culmination of reform; rather, it is only the beginning. To achieve far more impactful change, state and local jurisdictions must confront the …

Innovation Resistance? Understanding Officer Attitudes Toward Police Innovation, Justin Smith

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Over the years, innovations such as community-oriented policing, problem-oriented policing, and crime analysis have helped police agencies control, reduce, and prevent crime and disorder, and improve police and community relations. However, research shows that some officers are resistant to using these innovations in practice. Few studies have examined the causal mechanisms behind innovation resistance. This doctoral dissertation details a study that utilized a mixed method approach to partially test a framework that encompassed two theories to explain officer resistance to innovation: The Model of Consumer Resistance to Innovation from the consumer psychology and marketing fields (Ram & Sheth, 1989), and …

The Rise Of Covid-19 In Vulnerable Populations: A Content Analysis Of Prison Policy, Shannon Christensen

Master of Arts in Criminal Justice Theses

No abstract provided.

Understanding The Unstably Housed: Assessing The Systemic Gaps Of Young Adults Who Are “Doubling Up” In Washington State, Chelsea Perry

Master of Arts in Criminal Justice Theses

Youth and young adults exiting the juvenile justice system are at risk for entering a new system- the homeless system. This current research aims to understand the conditions that youth enter the homeless system. Current research and homeless reports from point in time (PIT) counts and other databases do not measure specific circumstances of housing instability such as couch surfing or “doubling up” with friends and close relatives versus couch surfing with strangers, and whether there are potentially criminogenic transactions or conditions that juveniles must adhere to in order to sustain this temporary housing. Methods include two areas of analysis. …

Juvenile Vulnerabilities During Police Interrogations And The Need For Additional Safeguards, Erin Mccauley

Master of Arts in Criminal Justice Theses

In the United States, the juvenile justice system was created by the acknowledgement that adolescents should not be treated the same as adults. However, police interrogation techniques today are the same for both adults and juveniles. By using the same interrogation techniques for both populations, juveniles are potentially vulnerable during police interrogations. With very little empirical research on the variables that lead a juvenile to falsely confess, it is difficult to implement safeguards to protect juveniles during an interrogation. The purpose of this thesis is to contribute to the research on juvenile police interrogations by examining each of the three …

Siege Starvation: A War Crime Of Societal Torture, Tom Dannenbaum

Chicago Journal of International Law

A recent amendment to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court has drawn unprecedented attention to the war crime of starvation of civilians as a method of warfare. It comes at a time when mass starvation in war is resurgent, devastating populations in Yemen, Ethiopia, Syria, South Sudan, Nigeria, and elsewhere. The practice has also drawn the scrutiny of the United Nations Security Council. And yet, despite this heightened profile and sharpened urgency, what precisely is criminally wrongful about starvation methods remains underspecified.

A common way of thinking about the criminal wrong is as a form of killing or …

Tsunami: Recommitting To Adress Aapi Mental Health In A Post-Covid Era, Oliver J. Kim

Nova Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Golem In The Machine: Ferpa, Dirty Data, And Digital Distortion In The Education Record, Najarian R. Peters

Washington and Lee Law Review

Like its counterpart in the criminal justice system, dirty data—data that is inaccurate, incomplete, or misleading—in K-12 education records creates and catalyzes catastrophic life events. The presence of this data in any record suggests a lack of data integrity. The systemic problem of dirty data in education records means the data stewards of those records have failed to meet the data integrity requirements embedded in the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA). FERPA was designed to protect students and their education records from the negative impact of erroneous information rendered from the “private scribblings” of educators. The legislative history …

Social Media's Influence On The Outcome Of Trials: State V. Casey Anthony & Depp V. Heard—How Florida Can Prevent A Breakdown In The Adversarial Process, Brittany Stern

Nova Law Review

No abstract provided.

Gendered Negotiation Of Space: A Study On Gender And Mobility Among Transgender Persons In Pakistan, Sana Illahe

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Transgender persons, known as khwaja sira in Pakistan, have historically been marginalized and excluded from various spatial domains, as they do not fit the societal norms of binary gender. They are subject to gender discipline by the Pakistani society to coerce them into conforming to the social norms. This research study uses in-depth interviews and applies grounded theory in conjunction with Michel Foucault’s concept of discipline to explore how khwaja sira are subject to societal discipline in Pakistan. The discipline ranges from tacit to overt forms, including verbal and sexual harassment. Khwaja sira are disciplined within their families, in formal …

Foreword: The Academy And International Law: A Catalyst For Change And Innovation, Michael P. Scharf, Caroline R. Cirillo

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Teaching International Law In Pursuit Of Justice, Beth Van Schaack

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Praxis For Peace, Darin E.W. Johnson

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.