Digital Commons Network^™

Social Media For Exploring Adverse Drug Events Associated With Multiple Sclerosis, Nevine Nawar, Omar F. El-Gayar, Loknath Sai Ambati, Giridhar Bojja

Research & Publications

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) affects 400,000 people in the USA and almost 2.5 million people worldwide. There is no cure for MS. A variety of disease-modifying therapies are currently available. They aim to reduce disease activity that ultimately leads to disability. However, such drugs have adverse effects that vary widely among patients making the choice of a suitable drug particularly challenging. With the proliferation of social media, this research aims to understand the perspective of people with MS on social media (Twitter) in regard to Adverse Drug Events (ADEs) and to analyze ADEs as perceived by MS patients. This study helps …

Security Vulnerability Impact On Open Source: A Social Media Exploration, Haytham Mohamed, Omar El-Gayar

Research & Publications

No abstract provided.

A Decade In Review: Aligning Information Systems Security (Iss) With The Nice Framework, Christopher Kreider, Omar El-Gayar

Research & Publications

No abstract provided.

Towards A Performance-Explainability-Fairness Framework For Benchmarking Ml Models, Shuvro Chakrobartty, Omar El-Gayar

Research & Publications

No abstract provided.

Drivers And Challenges Of Wearable Devices Use: Content Analysis Of Online Users Reviews, Ahmed Elnoshokaty, Omar El-Gayar, Abdullah Wahbeh, Mohammad A. Al-Ramahi, Tareq Nasralah

Research & Publications

With recent advancements in wearable device technologies, there is still a need to investigate drivers and challenges associated with the use of these devices. Following a content analysis approach, this study leverages recent “found large-scale” data to better understand the drivers and challenges that affect the adoption and use of such devices. Analyzing a total of 16,717 online reviews about wearable devices, the findings emphasized the importance of various functionalities (perceived usefulness), appeal, and a number of device design features as the most prominent drivers, while concerns about quality, credibility, and perceived value as potential challenges to wearable adoption and …

How Attractive Is Artificial Intelligence? An Empirical Study Of User Adoption Of Ai- Enabled Applications, Gary Yu Zhao, Omar F. El-Gayar, Cindy Zhiling Tu

Research & Publications

Prevailing AI technologies such as machine learning (ML), natural language processing (NLP), speech recognition, image recognition, etc., are being incorporated into a wide variety of existing and new applications. As an emerging technology, these AI applications (AI apps) have their own unique characteristics, such as machine learning capability, human-like interacting capability, knowledge representing and reasoning capability, and relative autonomy. Such characteristics of AI apps can help users complete their tasks effectively and efficiently. Further, AI apps combined with personal devices such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, and IoTs, provide users with utmost accessibility and pervasiveness. However, even though AI apps are …

Byod Security Issues: A Systematic Literature Review, Melva Ratchford, Yong Wang, Cherie Noteboom, Omar F. El-Gayar

Research & Publications

Organizations are exposed to new security risks when they allow employees’ personal mobile devices to access the network and the corporate data (a phenomenon called ‘Bring Your Own Device’ or BYOD). They are confronted with inherent security issues that need to be addressed in order to protect the organization and its information. What are the security issues and considerations associated with BYOD environments? With this in mind, the objective of this paper is to present a systematic literature review of scholarly literature (2010–2019) with respect to BYOD security, and to suggest a classification scheme that depicts a holistic approach to …

A Comparative Analysis Of Anti-Vax Discourse On Twitter Before And After Covid-19 Onset, Tareq Nasralah, Ahmed Elnoshokaty, Omar F. El-Gayar, Mohammad Al-Ramahi, Abdullah Wahbeh

Research & Publications

This study aimed to identify and assess the prevalence of vaccine-hesitancy-related topics on Twitter in the periods before and after the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Using a search query, 272,780 tweets associated with anti-vaccine topics and posted between 1 January 2011, and 15 January 2021, were collected. The tweets were classified into a list of 11 topics and analyzed for trends during the periods before and after the onset of COVID-19. Since the beginning of COVID-19, the percentage of anti-vaccine tweets has increased for two topics, "government and politics" and "conspiracy theories," and decreased for "developmental disabilities." Compared to …

Exploring How Online Responses Change In Response To Debunking Messages About Covid-19 On Whatsapp, Xingyu Ken Chen, Jin-Cheon Na, Luke Kien-Weng Tan, Mark Chong, Murphy Choy

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has spurred a concurrent outbreak of false information online. Debunking false information about a health crisis is critical as misinformation can trigger protests or panic, which necessitates a better understanding of it. This exploratory study examined the effects of debunking messages on a COVID-19-related public chat on WhatsApp in Singapore. Design/methodology/approach: To understand the effects of debunking messages about COVID-19 on WhatsApp conversations, the following was studied. The relationship between source credibility (i.e. characteristics of a communicator that affect the receiver's acceptance of the message) of different debunking message types and their effects on the length …

Conflict Positioning In Crisis Communication: Impact Of Antecedent Conditions On Negotiation, Pang, A., Glen T. Cameron

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Organizations need to position themselves favorably in times of crisis. The conflict positioning conceptualization offers a framework for organizations to do so by integrating insights of crisis communication with negotiation through the following steps. First, understanding the factors that will affect an organization's ability to handle the crisis. Second, based on the influence of these factors, examine the stance the organization will adopt. Third, examine the strategies the organization will embrace. Four, the strategies adopted will impact the conflict property it aims to resolve which will in turn influence the negotiation approach and the relationship dynamics between the organization and …

Support For Increasing Low-Wage Workers’ Compensation: The Role Of Fixed-Growth Mindsets About Intelligence, Shilpa Madan, Anyi Ma, Neeraj Pandey, Aneeta Rattan, Krishna Savani

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Approximately 44% of U.S. workers are low-wage workers. Recent years have witnessed a raging debate about whether to raise their minimum wages. Why do some decision-makers support raising wages and others do not? Ten studies (four preregistered) examined people’s beliefs about the malleability of intelligence as a key antecedent. The more U.S. human resource managers (Study 1) and Indian business owners (Study 2) believed that people’s intelligence can grow (i.e., had a growth mindset), the more they supported increasing low-wage workers’ compensation. In key U.S. swing states (Study 3a), and a nationally representative sample (Study 3b), residents with a more …

Smart Heuristics For Individuals, Teams, And Organizations, Gerd Gigerenzer, Jochen Reb, Shenghua Luan

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Heuristics are fast, frugal, and accurate strategies that enable rather than limit decision making under uncertainty. Uncertainty, as opposed to calculable risk, is characteristic of most organizational contexts. We review existing research and offer a descriptive and prescriptive theoretical framework to integrate the current patchwork of heuristics scattered across various areas of organizational studies. Research on the adaptive toolbox is descriptive, identifying the repertoire of heuristics on which individuals, teams, and organizations rely. Research on ecological rationality is prescriptive, specifying the conditions under which a given heuristic performs well, that is, when it is smart. Our review finds a relatively …

The Moderating Effect Of Solar Radiation On The Association Between Human Mobility And Covid-19 Infection In Europe, Wenyu Zhao, Yongjian Zhu, Jingui Xie, Zhichao Zheng, Haidong Luo, Oon Cheong Ooi

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global pandemic. Some studies have suggested a negative association between sunlight intensity and COVID-19 infection, alluding to the belief that it might be safe to go out on sunny days. This paper examined whether solar radiation mitigated the association between human mobility and COVID-19 infection in Europe using a dynamic panel data model to investigate the effect of human mobility, solar radiation, and their interaction on COVID-19 infection. The results revealed that outgoing mobility was positively correlated and solar radiation was negatively correlated with COVID-19 infection at lag levels of 1, …

Chronic Low Back Pain In Veterans And The Role Of Yoga: An Overview Of Randomized Controlled Trials, Suresh Kumar Thanneeru, Roshan Chanchlani, Pramod K. Sharma, Sudarsan Agarwal, Nalla Srinivas, M Sukumar, Amit Agrawal

Manipal Journal of Medical Sciences

Introduction One of the most debilitating diseases in elderly is the chronic low back pain (cLBP) which is most often nonspecific and involves using unrelenting medication and physical therapy. Yoga practice has been explored to treat this condition and was shown good results. This systematic review was done to emphasis the role of Yoga in management of cLBP. Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of Yoga in pain relief and improvement in disability for veterans suffering from cLBP. Methods A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane to identify studies on usage of Yoga in the treatment of …

Aviators Model Code Of Conduct, Version 3.0, Aviators Code Initiative

Aviators Model Code of Conduct

This letter introduces version 3.0 of the Aviators Model Code of Conduct (AMCC). Developed by a team of aviation professionals and drawing upon decades of research and experience, the AMCC recommends operating practices to enhance the quality and safety of your flight operations. The AMCC applies to a range of operating environments, and pilot experience and certifications. Among its many revisions, Version 3.0 provides a general update, enhances treatment of new technologies, and responds to the increasing presence of uncrewed aircraft.

Pilot conduct impacts the entire aviation community, including its safety culture. A code of conduct can help achieve new …

Dynamic Task Allocation And Understanding Of Situation Awareness Under Different Levels Of Autonomy In Closed-Hatch Military Vehicles Using Virtual Reality, Jessie E. Cossitt

Link Foundation Modeling, Simulation and Training Fellowship Reports

The current state of the art in autonomous vehicles is partial autonomy, and to optimize the use of these vehicles, it is essential to understand the interactions between the vehicles and their operators. Partially autonomous vehicles require operators to perform parts of the driving task and to be alert and ready to take over full control of the vehicle at any point. Due to the requirements on the human operator, it is necessary to know how the operators' abilities are impacted by the amount of autonomy present in the system. There are known effects of autonomous systems on performance, cognitive …

Moab Local Food Guide 2022, Shiree Duncan, Roslynn Mccann

All Current Publications

Thank you for picking up this 2022 Moab Utah Local Food Guide! Those growing and producing food within a 100 mile radius from Moab have been included in this guide to help YOU make locally sourced purchasing decisions.

Analysis Of Short-Term Efficacy Of Gasless Single-Port Laparoscopic Inguinal Lymphadenectomy Through Vulva Incision For Vulvar Cancer, Jin Ding, Piaopiao Teng, Xiaoming Guan, Yonghong Luo, Huafeng Ding, Suhua Shi, Xiufen Zhou, Guantai Ni

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility and short-term efficacy of gasless single-port laparoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy through vulva incision (VEIL-V).

METHODS: The data of 9 patients diagnosed as vulvar squamous cell carcinoma who underwent single-port laparoscopic inguinal lymph node dissection through vulvectomy incision were retrospectively analyzed. And 13 patients who underwent laparoscopic inguinal lymph node dissection through lower abdominal subcutaneous approach as the control group (VEIL-H). The operation time, blood loss, numbers of unilateral lymph nodes, hospitalization time, and complications between the two groups were compared.

RESULTS: The operation time of VEIL-V was 56.11 ± 5.94 min, which were shorter than that …

Innovation's Hidden Externalities, Stephanie Plamondon Bair

Faculty Scholarship

When commentators discuss innovation’s externalities, they often classify them into one of two categories. On the positive externalities, or “spillovers” side, legal and economics scholars often speak of the benefits innovation confers on other innovators. Future innovators profit from past innovation as they “stand on the shoulders of giants” to develop progressively new and better innovation. Discussion of innovation’s negative externalities, on the other hand, has mainly focused on social harms not directly related to future innovation that particular advances impose on third parties—the classic example being pollution. Thus, the common understanding is that innovation’s spillovers positively impact innovation (among …

The Sociology And Psychology Of Innovation: A Synthesis And Research Agenda For Intellectual Property Scholars, Stephanie Plamondon Bair, Laura Pedraza-Fariña

Faculty Scholarship

Intellectual Property (IP) and innovation law scholarship is generally concerned with the question of how to promote socially beneficial innovation. Until recently, the analysis brought to bear on that question in the literature has been dominated by an individual, rational-actor-centered model grounded in the neoclassical economics tradition. Under this model, individual innovators are assumed to respond to innovation incentives in rational ways, unswayed by their social environments or their own psychology.

Of course, as innovation scholars are beginning to recognize, the road to innovation is much more winding and complex than the straight path from incentive to innovation that the …

Before Equal Protection: The Fall Of Cross-Dressing Bans And The Transgender Legal Movement, Kate Redburn

Faculty Scholarship

Scholars are still unsure why American cities passed cross-dressing bans over the closing decades of the nineteenth century. By the 1960s, cities in every region of the United States had cross-dressing regulations, from major metropolitan centers to small cities and towns. They were used to criminalize gender non-conformity in many forms – for feminists, countercultural hippies, cross-dressers (or “transvestites”), and people we would now consider transgender. Starting in the late 1960s, however, criminal defendants began to topple cross-dressing bans.

Scholars are still unsure why American cities passed cross-dressing bans over the closing decades of the nineteenth century. By the 1960s, …

The Institutions Of Family Law, Clare Huntington

Faculty Scholarship

Family law scholarship is thriving, with scholars using varied methodologies to analyze intimate partner violence, cohabitation, child maltreatment, juvenile misconduct, and child custody, to name but a few areas of study. Despite the richness of this discourse, however, most family law scholars ignore a key tool deployed in virtually every other legal-academic domain: institutional analysis. This methodology, which plays a foundational role in legal scholarship, focuses on four basic questions. Scholars often begin empirically, identifying the specific legal, social, and economic institutions that shape an area of legal regulation. Beyond descriptive accounts, scholars analyze how authority is and should be …

Principles For Responsibility Sharing: Proximity, Culpability, Moral Accountability, And Capability, Michael W. Doyle, Janine Prantl, Mark J. Wood

Faculty Scholarship

In this Essay, we explore how responsibility based on culpability, moral accountability, and capability can improve the current regime that rests on responsibility by proximity. In doing so, we draw on the 2017 Model International Mobility Convention (MIMC), a model convention drafted by a commission of independent experts and currently supported as a project of the Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs.

Who Decides Where The Renewables Should Go?: A Response To Danielle Stokes’ Renewable Energy Federalism, Michael B. Gerrard

Faculty Scholarship

One of the central tasks in addressing the climate crisis is transitioning from an energy system based on fossil fuels to one that mainly uses renewable energy. In her article “Renewable Energy Federalism,” Professor Danielle Stokes has highlighted one of the key impediments to this transition — delays in state and local permitting of renewable energy facilities. She has proposed a new approach that would give more authority to the federal government. Stokes’ approach has much to commend it. However, I differ on some aspects.

I will begin by describing the magnitude of the problem — the amount …

Three New Federal Laws Aid New York’S Compliance With Climate Goals, Michael B. Gerrard, Edward Mctiernan

Faculty Scholarship

The New York Climate Leadership and Community Protection Act of 2019 (CLCPA) requires total statewide greenhouse gas emissions to be reduced 40% from 1990 levels in 2030 and 85% in 2050, with a goal (aided by offsets) of 100% by 2050. It also requires 70% of electricity demand in 2030 to be met by renewables, and 100% from “zero emissions” sources (meaning renewables plus nuclear) in 2040.

Systemic Stewardship, Jeffrey N. Gordon

Faculty Scholarship

This Article frames a normative theory of stewardship engagement by large institutional investors and asset managers that is congruent with their theory of investment management — “Modern Portfolio Theory” — which describes investors as attentive to both systematic risk as well as expected returns. Because investors want to maximize risk-adjusted returns, it will serve their interests for asset managers to support and sometimes advance shareholder initiatives that will reduce systematic risk. “Systematic stewardship” provides an approach to “ESG” matters that serves both investor welfare and social welfare and fits the business model of large, diversified funds, especially index funds. The …

What Does Effective Government Have To Do With The Constitution?, Gillian E. Metzger

Faculty Scholarship

Nearly a million people dead and counting. More than 77 million infected, a little less than one-fifth of the total infections worldwide. The United States has had more deaths than any other country, and its COVID-19 death rate of 276 per 100,000 people is the highest among the world’s wealthiest nations. Blacks, Hispanics, and Native Americans are hospitalized and die at significantly higher rates than whites. Some bright lights exist too, one being the speedy development of vaccines and their deployment in 2021 – although there, too, both the national government and the states have sometimes stumbled. Another is legislative …

The Right To Effective Self-Government, Katharina Pistor

Faculty Scholarship

Protecting individual rights is a core feature of democratic constitutionalism. The centralization of the means of coercion gave rise to the Hobbesian dilemma, the fear that this enormous power might be abused unless it be effectively controlled. In addition to dividing power among different branches of government or sharing it between the federation and its units, constitutions have fortified individual rights with judicial review and enforcement mechanisms against the executive branch to rein in state power.

Proposing a collective right to effective self-government sits oddly with a vision that pitches free individuals against an all-powerful state. Such a right can, …

Problems In Csf And Ophthalmic Disease Research, Ryan Machiele, Benjamin Jay Frankfort, Hanspeter Esriel Killer, David Fleischman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

There has been significant interest and progress in the understanding of cerebrospinal fluid pressure and its relationship to glaucoma and other ophthalmic diseases. However, just as every physiologic fluid pressure fluctuates, cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFP) is similarly dynamic. Coupling this with the difficulty in measuring the pressure, there are many obstacles in furthering this field of study. This review highlights some of the difficulties in CSFP research, including fluid compartmentalization, estimation equations, and pressure fluctuation. Keeping these limitations in mind will hopefully improve the quality and context of this burgeoning field.

Screening For Balance In Children And Adults In A Community Science Education Setting: Normative Data, Influence Of Age, Sex, And Body Mass Index, And Feasibility, Phyllis Friello, Nathan Silver, Haleh Sangi-Haghpeykar, Helen S Cohen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Screening standing and walking balance is useful for people suspected of having vestibular disorders, a variety of neurologic and musculoskeletal disorders, and for screening astronauts returning after exposure to microgravity. Visitors to a community science education center children and adults, aged 4 to 85, were tested on tandem walking with eyes closed and the modified Romberg test on compliant foam. They were then asked about their experience participating in research, many people for the first time.

METHODS: Subjects performed 10 steps of tandem walking with eyes closed, and three trials of the modified Romberg, or Clinical Test of Sensory …