Digital Commons Network^™

Stat3 Gain-Of-Function Mutations Connect Leukemia With Autoimmune Disease By Pathological Nkg2dhi Cd8+ T Cell Dysregulation And Accumulation, Etienne Masle-Farquhar, Megan A Cooper, Tiphanie P Vogel, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The association between cancer and autoimmune disease is unexplained, exemplified by T cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia (T-LGL) where gain-of-function (GOF) somatic STAT3 mutations correlate with co-existing autoimmunity. To investigate whether these mutations are the cause or consequence of CD8

Rapid Astrocyte-Dependent Facilitation Amplifies Multi-Vesicular Release In Hippocampal Synapse, Jongyun Myeong, Vitaly A Klyachko

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Synaptic facilitation is a major form of short-term plasticity typically driven by an increase in residual presynaptic calcium. Using near-total internal reflection fluorescence (near-TIRF) imaging of single vesicle release in cultured hippocampal synapses, we demonstrate a distinctive, release-dependent form of facilitation in which probability of vesicle release is higher following a successful glutamate release event than following a failure. This phenomenon has an onset of ≤500 ms and lasts several seconds, resulting in clusters of successful release events. The release-dependent facilitation requires neuronal contact with astrocytes and astrocytic glutamate uptake by EAAT1. It is not observed in neurons grown alone …

Recurrent Switch 2 Domain Rac2 Mutations In Intravascular Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Rohan Kodgule, Jie Chen, Pooja Khonde, Joshua Robinson, Amy D'Albora, Lisa Cook, Catrina C Fronick, Robert Fulton, Sridhar Nonavinkere Srivatsan, Patrick J Cimino, Eric J Duncavage

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Supporting Reading Experiences For Children, Tina H. Hahn

University of Mississippi News

No abstract provided.

Diverse College Students' Cultural Background And College Persistence, Kerrie Devries, Jonathan Santo, Juan Casas

Psychology Faculty Publications

Tinto (1975) created a college persistence model, emphasizing institutional academic and social integration, that continues to guide U.S. university retention strategies. This longitudinal study followed 584 college Freshman from diverse backgrounds, testing for group differences in the relationship that Tinto’s key constructs have on college persistence, over time, for U.S.-White, U.S.-minority, and immigrant-origin groups. We found significant positive associations between Academic Integration and Intentions to Persist for all ethnic groups, but group differences in Social Integration and Intentions to Persist. Additionally, Intentions to Persist was a significant predictor of actual persistence for all groups, suggesting predictive power overall.

Editorial: The Biology And Management Of Chronic Diseases In Mexican Americans, Eron G. Manusov, Belinda M. Reininger, Alfredo Ulloa-Aguirre, John Blangero

School of Medicine Publications

No abstract provided.

Neuronal Signal-Regulatory Protein Alpha Drives Microglial Phagocytosis By Limiting Microglial Interaction With Cd47 In The Retina, Danye Jiang, Courtney A Burger, Viktor Akhanov, Justine H Liang, Robert D Mackin, Nicholas E Albrecht, Pilar Andrade, Dorothy P Schafer, Melanie A Samuel

Center on Aging Staff Publications

Microglia utilize their phagocytic activity to prune redundant synapses and refine neural circuits during precise developmental periods. However, the neuronal signals that control this phagocytic clockwork remain largely undefined. Here, we show that neuronal signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) is a permissive cue for microglial phagocytosis in the developing murine retina. Removal of neuronal, but not microglial, SIRPα reduced microglial phagocytosis, increased synpase numbers, and impaired circuit function. Conversely, prolonging neuronal SIRPα expression extended developmental microglial phagocytosis. These outcomes depended on the interaction of presynaptic SIRPα with postsynaptic CD47. Global CD47 deficiency modestly increased microglial phagocytosis, while CD47 overexpression reduced it. …

The Black Fourth Amendment, Charisma Hunter

Washington and Lee Law Review Online

Policing Black bodies serves at the forefront of the American policing system. Black bodies are subject to everlasting surveillance through institutions and everyday occurrences. From relaxing in a Starbucks to exercising, Black bodies are deemed criminals, surveilled, profiled, and subjected to perpetual implicit bias when participating in mundane activities. Black people should have the same protections as white people and should possess the ability to engage in everyday, commonplace, and routine activities.

The Fourth Amendment was not drafted with the intention of protecting Black bodies. In fact, Black bodies were considered three-fifths of a person at the drafting of the …

Parametric Structural Optimization Of A Wheel Using The Flex Representation Method, Gregory John Vernon

Theses and Dissertations

The use of the finite element method within an optimization workflow is fraught with challenges that limit the automation of such workflows. These challenges are inherent to the traditional finite element formulations which are heavily dependent on a manual meshing process that introduces variability that is challenging to account for within an automated workflow. The recently developed flex representation method (FRM) provides a salient solution to the manual meshing process without sacrificing solution accuracy. In response to the development of FRM a global automotive company requested a study to explore the applicability of FRM to one of their sizing-optimization problems: …

Biofilm Characterization And The Potential Role Of Edna In Horizontal Gene Transfer In Hospital And Meat Isolates Of Staphylococcus Aureus And Their Biofilms, Ashley Lynne Ball

Theses and Dissertations

Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogen responsible for a wide variety of life-threatening diseases such as bacteremia, endocarditis, and pneumoniae. S. aureus has been a major concern in recent years due to the rampant spread of antibiotic resistance. The ability of S. aureus to form biofilms aids in the spread of antibiotic resistance as biofilms are a known hotspot for horizontal gene transfer. Biofilms also protect cells from host immune responses and antibiotics, making these infections very difficult to treat. The matrix of S. aureus biofilms can be made of polysaccharides, protein, and DNA. In these studies, we sought to elucidate …

Methemoglobin Formation Via Nitric Oxide And Comparison Of Methemoglobin, Deoxyhemoglobin, And Ferrous Nitrosyl Hemoglobin As Potential Mri Contrast Agents, Roya Ayati

Theses and Dissertations

Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) are in widespread use to enhance magnetic resonance angiography images for evaluating vascular pathology. However, there are safety concerns and limitations regarding the use of GBCAs. It has been shown that the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal intensity (T1-weighted images) in some of the brain's tissues is higher for patients who had multiple exposures to GBCAs compared to patients who had never had exposure to GBCAs. This implies that GBCAs are not sufficiently removed from body such that GBCAs may potentially have long-term effects on the human body. These potential safety concerns have led to an …

Evaluating Equitable Access To Nutrition In Utah, Emma Stucki

Theses and Dissertations

One of the more recent topics in transportation policy making and project prioritization in DOT's across the United States is how to improve quality of life. This quality of life focus is an intersection of public health and transportation and has many different branches including traffic safety, pollution, active transportation, equity, and accessibility to resources. The topic among these that seems to receive the least attention is equitable access to resources. However, with the proven impact that equitable access to resources has on physical and emotional well-being, as well as economic opportunity it is important to ensure that all populations, …

Miracle On Ud Street, Eric F. Spina

President's Blog: From the Heart

As 33 school buses rolled into parking lot C with 1,100 children on Dec. 8, my heart leaped for joy at the familiar sight. Christmas on Campus, now in its 59th year, was back in all its glory, and you could feel the euphoria. This year's theme could not have been more perfect: "Miracle on UD Street."

Mothers Of Disabled Children Faced Numerous Challenges During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Amy Lutz, Sujung (Crystal) Lee, Baurzhan Bokayev

Population Health Research Brief Series

The COVID-19 pandemic changed life dramatically for most families, but particularly for families with a disabled child. Mothers of disabled children faced increased difficulties during the early months of COVID-19 compared to other families. Reduction in services, school closures, and managing paid work drastically impacted caregivers’ mental health. This brief summarizes results from a recent study on the challenges mothers of disabled children faced during the COVID-19 pandemic during the Spring of 2020 in Central New York.

50 Years And Counting, Scott Ripley, Jeremy Gasowski, David Vogt

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Tackling The Challenge, Keith Testa

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Introduction, Li Chen Sim, Jonathan Fulton

All Works

This chapter sets the stage for the key themes found throughout this volume, first by framing the Gulf regional order within the context of a shift in international order. US signaling of a reduced role in the Gulf is leading policymakers both in the Gulf and beyond to recalibrate their thinking on regional affairs. It then builds upon literature on ‘Asianization’ to explain how and why the issue of Gulf order is increasingly a concern for policymakers in the Asian countries analyzed in this book. Finally, it provides a brief overview of each chapter.

Evaluation Of Recombinant Live-Attenuated Respiratory Syncytial Virus (Rsv) Vaccines Rsv/Δns2/Δ1313/I1314l And Rsv/276 In Rsv-Seronegative Children, Coleen K Cunningham, Ruth A Karron, Petronella Muresan, Matthew S Kelly, Elizabeth J Mcfarland, Charlotte Perlowski, Jennifer Libous, Jennifer Oliva, Patrick Jean-Philippe, Jack Moye, Elizabeth Schappell, Emily Barr, Vivian Rexroad, Benjamin Johnston, Ellen G Chadwick, Mikhaela Cielo, Mary Paul, Jaime G Deville, Mariam Aziz, Lijuan Yang, Cindy Luongo, Peter L Collins, Ursula J Buchholz, International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent Aids Clinical Trials (Impaact) 2018 Study Team

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background: This United States-based study compared 2 candidate vaccines: RSV/ΔNS2/Δ1313/I1314L, attenuated by NS2 gene-deletion and temperature-sensitivity mutation in the polymerase gene; and RSV/276, attenuated by M2-2 deletion.

Methods: RSV-seronegative children aged 6-24 months received RSV/ΔNS2/Δ1313/I1314L (106 plaque-forming units [PFU]), RSV/276 (105 PFU), or placebo intranasally. Participants were monitored for vaccine shedding, reactogenicity, and RSV serum antibodies, and followed over the subsequent RSV season.

Results: Enrollment occurred September 2017 to October 2019. During 28 days postinoculation, upper respiratory illness and/or fever occurred in 64% of RSV/ΔNS2/Δ1313/I1314L, 84% of RSV/276, and 58% of placebo recipients. Symptoms were generally mild. Cough was more …

Gata1 Controls Numbers Of Hematopoietic Progenitors And Their Response To Autoimmune Neuroinflammation, Daniel Hwang, Larissa Ishikawa, Maryam S. Seyedsadr, Elisabeth R. Mari, Ezgi Kasimoglu, Ziver Sahin, Alexandra Boehm, Soohwa Jang, Javad Rasouli, Courtney Vaccaro, Michael Gonzalez, Hakon Hakonarson, Mohamad Rostami, Guang-Xian Zhang, Bogoljub Ciric

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

GATA-binding factor 1 (GATA1) is a transcription factor that governs the development and function of multiple hematopoietic cell lineages. GATA1 is expressed in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and is essential for erythroid lineage commitment; however, whether it plays a role in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) biology and the development of myeloid cells, and what that role might be, remains unclear. We initially set out to test the role of eosinophils in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model of central nervous system autoimmunity, using mice lacking a double GATA-site (ΔdblGATA), which lacks eosinophils due to the deletion of the …

Medical And Socioeconomic Predictors Of Psychosocial Functioning In Pediatric Hydrocephalus, Vanessa Wall

Theses and Dissertations

Hydrocephalus can impact all areas of health, including physical, cognitive, and psychosocial functioning. Etiology can be a major factor in health outcomes, but prior research on psychosocial functioning in hydrocephalus has been with limited etiologies. This study examined psychosocial functioning using the Behavioral Assessment System for Children, Third Edition (BASC-3) and the Hydrocephalus Outcome Questionnaire (HOQ) in children aged 5-17 years old. BASC-3 and HOQ parent report scores were compared between hydrocephalus etiologies. Medical factors (number of CSF diversion procedures, history of seizures, and years with hydrocephalus) and SES factors (family income, parent education, and parent occupational status) were examined …

The Fall Of The Pakatan Harapan (Ph): Contesting Nationalism In Malaysia, Cheng Kidd Sun

Honors Theses

The collapse of the 22 months-old Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition-government in 2020 was the ultimate manifestation of contestations over nationalism that have continued in Malaysia since the nation’s inception more than six decades ago. The “middle ground” platform — a political moderation strategy to win across ethnic lines to obtain multiethnic support — that helped the PH coalition to win the 14th Malaysian General Election was shattered due to identity tensions. The current political discourse has persistently insisted that the betrayal of politicians and political parties, along with economic insecurity and media fragmentation, had contributed to the downfall of this …

Association Of Fabry Disease With Hearing Loss, Tinnitus, And Sudden Hearing Loss: A Nationwide Population-Based Study, Yen-Fu Cheng, Sudha Xirasagar Mbbs., Ph.D., Chin-Shyan Chen, Dau-Ming Niu, Herng-Ching Lin

Publications

Hearing loss and the related otologic manifestations are receiving increased scrutiny as significant causes of morbidity in Fabry disease. However, the relative risks of auditory deficits among patients with Fabry disease relative to the general population without a diagnosis of Fabry disease have not been studied. This study aims to explore the associations between Fabry disease and hearing-related manifestations using a nationwide population-based dataset. We identified study patients for this cross-sectional study from the 2015−2017 claims databases of the Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2005. We first identified 2312 patients aged over 20 years with a diagnosis of Fabry disease. …

The Dangers Of Nyc Non-Union Construction Work, Laura T. Bratton

Capstones

Just last week, two construction workers were killed in the span of a few days on sites in the Bronx and Brooklyn.

According to data from the Laborers International Union of North America, there were 19 construction worker deaths in New York City this year - bringing the catastrophic number back up to its pre-pandemic levels.

New York State’s Department of Labor finds that at least 15 of this year’s deaths occurred on non-union sites. According to a recent report by the New York Committee on Occupational Safety and Health (NYCOSH), construction workers made up 19% of worker deaths but …

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Emission Factors And Evolution Of So2 Measured From Biomass Burning In Wild And Agricultural Fires, Pamela S. Rickly, Hongyu Guo, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Jose L. Jimenez, Glenn M. Wolfe, Ryan Bennett, Ilann Bourgeois, John D. Crounse, Jack E. Dibb, Joshua P. Digangi, Glenn S. Diskin, Maximilian Dollner, Emily M. Gargulinski, Samuel R. Hall, Hannah S. Halliday, Thomas F. Hanisco, Reem A. Hannun, Jin Liao, Richard Moore, Benjamin A. Nault, John B. Nowak, Jeff Peischl, Claire E. Robinson, Thomas Ryerson, Kevin J. Sanchez, Manuel Schöberl, Amber J. Soja, Jason M. St. Clair, Kenneth L. Thornhill, Kirk Ullmann, Paul O. Wennberg, Bernadett Weinzierl, Elizabeth B. Wiggins, Edward L. Winstead, Andrew W. Rollins

Faculty Publications

Fires emit sufficient sulfur to affect local and regional air quality and climate. This study analyzes SO2 emission factors and variability in smoke plumes from US wildfires and agricultural fires, as well as their relationship to sulfate and hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) formation. Observed SO2 emission factors for various fuel types show good agreement with the latest reviews of biomass burning emission factors, producing an emission factor range of 0.47–1.2 g SO2 kg−1 C. These emission factors vary with geographic location in a way that suggests that deposition of coal burning emissions and application of sulfur-containing fertilizers likely play a role in …

The Role Of Chitinase A In Mastitis-Associated Escherichia Coli Pathogenesis, Weston D. Hutchison

Theses and Dissertations

Bovine mastitis is a common disease among dairy cattle characterized by the inflammation of the udders and loss of milk production. Mastitis-associated Escherichia coli (MAEC) are frequent causes of the disease, but the features that distinguish them from other E. coli strains remain enigmatic. MAEC infections can range from sub-clinical to severe, acute cases that can be fatal. Historically, the severity of mastitis has been attributed to host factors but more recently, a few bacterial genes have been shown to contribute to virulence in mastitis infections. In a large-scale genomic analysis of >100 MAEC isolates the gene for Chitinase A …

Fairness And Privacy In Machine Learning Algorithms, Neha Bhargava

Master of Science in Computer Science Theses

Roughly 2.5 quintillion bytes of data is generated daily in this digital era. Manual processing of such huge amounts of data to extract useful information is nearly impossible but with the widespread use of machine learning algorithms and their ability to process enormous data in a fast, cost-effective, and scalable way has proven to be a preferred choice to glean useful insights and solve business problems in many domains. With this widespread use of machine learning algorithms there has always been concerns about the ethical issues that may arise from the use of this modern technology. While achieving high accuracies, …

Association Of Fabry Disease With Hearing Loss, Tinnitus, And Sudden Hearing Loss: A Nationwide Population-Based Study, Yen-Fu Cheng, Sudha Xirasagar Mbbs., Ph.D., Chin-Shyan Chen, Dau-Ming Niu, Herng-Ching Lin

Faculty Publications

Hearing loss and the related otologic manifestations are receiving increased scrutiny as significant causes of morbidity in Fabry disease. However, the relative risks of auditory deficits among patients with Fabry disease relative to the general population without a diagnosis of Fabry disease have not been studied. This study aims to explore the associations between Fabry disease and hearing-related manifestations using a nationwide population-based dataset. We identified study patients for this cross-sectional study from the 2015–2017 claims databases of the Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2005. We first identified 2312 patients aged over 20 years with a diagnosis of Fabry disease. …

Madwoman On The Screen: Streaming Forms Of Feminine Power, Kassandra I. Schreiber

Theses and Dissertations

This paper explores how the formal aspects of streaming platforms create a female inheritance that helps foster multiple representations of femininity and womanhood which empowers women. Building off of Sandra Gilbert and Susan Gubar's Madwoman in the Attic, the paper argues that because streaming platforms produce original content, are a space for multiplicity and interconnection, and act as a type of archive, they can build a female inheritance. The combination of these attributes offer a widespread emergence of multiple stories that valorize women and what is socially coded as feminine, creating a creative network that improves the representation of women …

Respon Pertumbuhan Tanaman Krisan Pot Terhadap Hormon Giberelin Dan Waktu Pemangkasan Yang Berbeda, Galuh Wulan Andini, Refa Firgiyanto

Jurnal Kultivasi

Salah satu teknologi yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kualitas tanaman krisan (Dendrathema grandifloria) pot yaitu dengan pemberian giberelin dan pengaturan waktu pemangkasan. Tujuan pemberian giberelin dan pengaturan waktu pemangkasan adalah untuk memacu pertumbuhan dengan merangsang perpanjangan batang serta memunculkan tunas lateral sehingga memperbanyak percabangan yang akhirnya dapat menghasilkan banyak kuntum bunga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi giberelin dan waktu pemangkasan yang terbaik. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada 3 Juli sampai 4 September 2020 di Greenhouse Rembangan, Desa Kemuning Lor, Kecamatan Arjasa, Jember. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial dengan 2 faktor yang diulang 3 …

Hypermethylation Of Nc886 In Hpv-Positive Oropharyngeal Cancer And Its Clinical Implications: An Epigenome-Wide Association Study, Yifan Xu, Ziqiao Wang, Peng Wei, Richa Gairola, Karl T Kelsey, Andrew G Sikora, Guojun Li, Jian Gu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has increased rapidly in the United States, driven by rising human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in the U.S. population. HPV-positive OPSCC patients have a better prognosis than HPV-negative patients. To gain insights into the unique biology of HPV(+) OPSCC that may contribute to its clinical behaviors, we performed a multi-stage epigenome-wide methylation profiling of leukocyte and tumor DNA in OPSCC patients and compared the methylation levels of CpG sites between HPV(+) and HPV(-) OPSCC patients. We identified and validated a significantly differentially methylated region (DMR) of 1,355 bp encompassing non-coding RNA 886 ( …