Digital Commons Network^™

The Role Of Leisure Engagement In Fostering Cognition In Aging, Karen Wenzel

All Dissertations

Leisure activities are a major component of healthy aging, associated with reduced risk of cognitive decline and enhanced cognitive function. However, there is wide variation in the conceptualization and measurement of leisure. Specific leisure activities or domains have been studied in association with cognition in aging. More recently, researchers have noted that attributes of the activity, rather than the activity itself, may be significant. This study explored the current state of knowledge regarding attributes of leisure activities that foster cognition in aging. A literature review using PRISMA Scoping Review guidelines identified objectively and subjectively measured attributes of leisure engagement in …

Needs Assessment For Systematic Cultural Competence Training In The Field Of Applied Behavior Analysis, William Edwards

All Dissertations

As the prevalence rates of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) continue to increase, Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) is now universally recognized as the most effective and empirically based treatment option for children. This recognition has led to greater accessibility to services for families, a broader range of funding sources, increased client diversity, and an unprecedented demand for qualified service providers. With this increased demand for qualified providers and the increased diversity of clients, a needs assessment for cultural competence training was conducted.

The Needs Assessment for Systematic Cultural Competence Training in Applied Behavior Analysis captured demographic information related to providers and …

Machine Learning Solutions For Biomedical Applications, Madeleine St. Ville

All Dissertations

This dissertation proposes three novel Bayesian modeling techniques to addresses the challenges arising from the complex, underlying features of biomedical data. These models are motivated by three different biomedical studies. The first is an analysis of data collected from six efficacy and safety clinical trials of buprenorphine maintenance treatment for opioid use disorder. The focus of this study is to overcome the problem of non-adherence by trial participants that, if left unaccounted for, obscures the true effect of buprenorphine on illicit opioid use. The second study is the assessment of hemodialysis cannulation skill through the use of a sensor-based simulator …

Multi-Criteria Performance Evaluation And Control In Power And Energy Systems, Payam Ramezani Badr

All Dissertations

The role of intuition and human preferences are often overlooked in autonomous control of power and energy systems. However, the growing operational diversity of many systems such as microgrids, electric/hybrid-electric vehicles and maritime vessels has created a need for more flexible control and optimization methods. In order to develop such flexible control methods, the role of human decision makers and their desired performance metrics must be studied in power and energy systems. This dissertation investigates the concept of multi-criteria decision making as a gateway to integrate human decision makers and their opinions into complex mathematical control laws. There are two …

A New Comprehensive And Practical Taxonomy Of Demands Healthcare Professionals Experience: The Development Process And Testing Using Machine Learning, Phoebe Xoxakos

All Dissertations

Given the complex (Ratnapalan & Lang, 2020) and high stress environment of healthcare organizations (Freshwater & Cahill, 2010), a better understanding of the conditions in which healthcare professionals work is important. Although previous research has resulted in somewhat limited categories of the demands on healthcare professionals (Borteyrou et al., 2014; Shanafelt et al., 2020), a comprehensive taxonomy that covers the breadth and depth of demands is lacking. Using longitudinal data collected over 28 measurement waves spanning two years during the COVID-19 pandemic, the present studies outline the development of a taxonomy based on an in-depth literature review of related workplace …

Does Mainstream Brca Testing Affect Surgical Decision-Making In Newly-Diagnosed Breast Cancer Patients?, Quratul Ain, Caroline Richardson, Miriam Mutebi, Angela George, Zoe Kemp, Jennifer E. Rusby

General Surgery, East Africa

Background: Germline pathogenic variants mutations) in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes cause an increased risk of breast cancer and ovarian cancer. Mainstream cancer genetic testing (MCG) was introduced for breast cancer patients in our unit in 2013. Non-geneticist clinicians have been trained to offer genetic testing during initial treatment planning. We assessed the impact of timely test results on surgical decision-making.

Methods: Women who had undergone mainstream genetic testing for breast cancer between September 2013 and September 2018 were identified from a prospective database. Surgical data were collected retrospectively.

Results: 580 eligible women had mainstream genetic testing. …

A Comparison Of The Mental Health Of Police Officers And Correctional Officers In Rural Appalachia, Sierra Thomas

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to explore perceptions of mental health among police officers and correctional officers within rural Appalachia. The main goal of this research was to better understand how the occupational demands of working in the criminal justice field can impact one’s mental health over time. Several research questions were explored, including the prevalence of various mental health problems, associated stressors, the structure of support among officers, and the perceptions of mental health treatment services. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with 21 police and correctional officers located in rural Appalachia. Results provided a better understanding of …

Domestic Violence Against Men: Their Report Decision Making Process, Ngozi Aleke

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Little or nothing is really known about a man’s victimization in a domestic violence situation. Generally domestic violence is viewed from the lens of a women with the typical idea that women are the victim while men, the perpetrators of violence. Overtime, this societal perception is beginning to subside as researchers have proven that men are also victims of domestic violence (Straus, Gelles, & Steinmetz,1980). Despite this revelation, not much is known about male victimization as most men prefer not to report their victimization. This study seeks to examine the reasons for not reporting victimization and the effect of this …

K-5 Elementary Alternative Program: A Case Study, William E. Scheuer Iv

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this case study was to examine how the K-5 elementary alternative program All Students Can Thrive (ASCT) used student-centered learning practices to influence the whole child. There is a lack of research on K-5 elementary alternative programs, such as ASCT, and specifically those that integrate student-centered learning practices to influence the whole child. Literature does not contain universally accepted interventions that are effective in the elementary alternative setting to help students return to the mainstream classroom setting better prepared to display appropriate behaviors when a student is removed from a mainstream classroom setting due to disruptive behaviors. …

Examining The Politicization And Framing Of Hea 117 In The Us Between 2019 And 2021, Elise S. Ahn

Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education

In 2019, the U.S. Department of Education (DED) began increasing its enforcement of the Higher Education Act, Section 117 statute, which provides instructions for institutional reporting regarding foreign and contracts. The three questions guiding this article include: What were DED’s stated premises for the investigations? How was international engagement characterized in the notices? And finally, what traits, characteristics, and/or qualities were attributed to different actors? After providing an overview of Section 117, this article examines the notices of investigation issued by DED between 2019 and 2021 to better understand how the Agency discursively characterized malign and/or undue foreign influence utilizing …

Introduction To Jcihe Emerging Scholar Research Summaries, Rosalind Latiner Raby

Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education

No abstract provided.

Analyzing Business-Focused Social Networks In Hiring: The Influence Of A Job Candidate's Network On A Recruiter's Hiring Recommendation, Hannah V. Kibby

Graduate Theses and Dissertations (2019 - present)

Social media has altered the ways in which people interact. Business-focused social media profiles, such as those on LinkedIn, can act as a proxy for a traditional resume. However, these websites differ from a traditional resume in that information presented is sometimes informal, personal, and irrelevant to the member’s career. Furthermore, HR employees are able to view a job candidate’s social network. This research investigates the influence of a recruiter’s knowledge of an applicant’s professional network on the recruiter’s perception of the applicant’s trustworthiness and hence their willingness to take risk in the hiring relationship. A review of the literature …

Sros In The State Of Alabama: Primary Functions And The Perception Of Meaningful Work, Adam Andrews

Graduate Theses and Dissertations (2019 - present)

In response to mass school shootings and other violent acts committed on school grounds, some school systems have turned to introducing or expanding police presence on school campuses. However, police and school culture, expectations, and norms are not always compatible and are sometimes even at odds with each other. Excessive force by School Resource Officers (SROs); law-enforcement officers who work in the school setting, has prompted calls for police reform or complete SRO removal from school campuses. This research project sought to identify the activities of SROs in the state of Alabama, explore the level of meaning SROs perceive in …

Impact Of Dynamic Capabilities On Small And Medium-Sized Enterprises (Smes) Performance In Oman, Naema M. Albimani

Graduate Theses and Dissertations (2019 - present)

Drawing on dynamic capabilities’ theory, this study examines the impact of entrepreneurial knowledge (EK) on firm performance in Oman, a member nation of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). In addition, two aspects of dynamic capabilities: (1) opportunities recognition and (2) opportunities exploitation, were explored as potential mediators of the indirect relationship between entrepreneurial knowledge and firm performance. Using a cross-sectional survey design (N=102), the study found entrepreneurial knowledge has a direct, positive, statistically significant relationship on firm performance, as measured by customer satisfaction and market effectiveness. At the same time, the sequential mediation of opportunity recognition and opportunity exploitation was …

Alfred Russel Wallace Notes 23: The Jersey Devil, And Friends, Charles H. Smith

Faculty/Staff Personal Papers

For nearly three hundred years reports have surfaced of a purported cryptid form known as the ‘Jersey devil.’ In this work an interpretation of the goals of biogeography is given, and how this field can be related to such alleged phenomena, as well as to some of the ideas of Alfred Russel Wallace (1823-1913) that seem to find their origin in the writings of Benedict de Spinoza (1632-1677).

The "Therapeutic Relationship:" Emergence, Eclipse, And Transformations Of A Social Technology., Ulrich Koch

Clinical Research and Leadership Faculty Publications

This essay situates the history of "the relationship" as a therapeutic technology within the broader context of changing social relations in the twentieth-century United States. More specifically, it outlines the emergence and subsequent diffusion of practices that aim to cultivate a social bond between therapist and patient that may serve as a psychotherapeutic tool. The article highlights the transformations of this technology as its institutional and epistemic foundations became challenged. Initially conceived as an "artificial" social relation designed to help with "personal adjustment," the therapeutic relationship was soon also deployed by non-experts and became a model for more healthful social …

Innate Lymphoid Cells In Depression: Current Status And Perspectives, Amit Kumar Madeshiya, Anilkumar Pillai

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The recent discovery of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) has provided new insights into our understanding of the pathogenesis of many disease conditions with immune dysregulation. Type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1s) induce type I immunity and are characterized by the expression of signature cytokine IFN-γ and the master transcription factor T-bet; ILC2s stimulate type II immune responses and are defined by the expression of signature cytokines IL-5 and IL-13, and transcription factors ROR-α and GATA3; ILC3s requires the transcription factor RORγt and produce IL-22 and IL-17. ILCs are largely tissue-resident and are enriched at barrier surfaces of the mammalian body. …

Front Matter, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

Front Matter for Volume 121, Issue 3 of Michigan Law Review

Genetic Diversity Fuels Gene Discovery For Tobacco And Alcohol Use, Gretchen R B Saunders, Xingyan Wang, Fang Chen, Seon-Kyeong Jang, Mengzhen Liu, Chen Wang, Shuang Gao, Yu Jiang, Chachrit Khunsriraksakul, Jacqueline M Otto, Clifton Addison, Masato Akiyama, Christine M Albert, Fazil Aliev, Alvaro Alonso, Donna K Arnett, Allison E Ashley-Koch, Aneel A Ashrani, Kathleen C Barnes, R Graham Barr, Traci M Bartz, Diane M Becker, Lawrence F Bielak, Emelia J Benjamin, Joshua C Bis, Gyda Bjornsdottir, John Blangero, Eugene R Bleecker, Jason D Boardman, Eric Boerwinkle, Dorret I Boomsma, Meher Preethi Boorgula, Donald W Bowden, Jennifer A Brody, Brian E Cade, Daniel I Chasman, Sameer Chavan, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Zhengming Chen, Iona Cheng, Michael H Cho, Hélène Choquet, John W Cole, Marilyn C Cornelis, Francesco Cucca, Joanne E Curran, Mariza De Andrade, Danielle M Dick, Anna R Docherty, Ravindranath Duggirala, Charles B Eaton, Marissa A Ehringer, Tõnu Esko, Jessica D Faul, Lilian Fernandes Silva, Edoardo Fiorillo, Myriam Fornage, Barry I Freedman, Maiken E Gabrielsen, Melanie E Garrett, Sina A Gharib, Christian Gieger, Nathan Gillespie, David C Glahn, Scott D Gordon, Charles C Gu, Dongfeng Gu, Daniel F Gudbjartsson, Xiuqing Guo, Jeffrey Haessler, Michael E Hall, Toomas Haller, Kathleen Mullan Harris, Jiang He, Pamela Herd, John K Hewitt, Ian Hickie, Bertha Hidalgo, John E Hokanson, Christian Hopfer, Joukejan Hottenga, Lifang Hou, Hongyan Huang, Yi-Jen Hung, David J Hunter, Kristian Hveem, Shih-Jen Hwang, Chii-Min Hwu, William Iacono, Marguerite R Irvin, Yon Ho Jee, Eric O Johnson, Yoonjung Y Joo, Eric Jorgenson, Anne E Justice, Yoichiro Kamatani, Robert C Kaplan, Jaakko Kaprio, Sharon L R Kardia, Matthew C Keller, Tanika N Kelly, Charles Kooperberg, Tellervo Korhonen, Peter Kraft, Kenneth Krauter, Johanna Kuusisto, Markku Laakso, Jessica Lasky-Su, Wen-Jane Lee, James J Lee, Daniel Levy, Liming Li, Kevin Li, Yuqing Li, Kuang Lin, Penelope A Lind, Chunyu Liu, Donald M Lloyd-Jones, Sharon M Lutz, Jiantao Ma, Reedik Mägi, Ani Manichaikul, Nicholas G Martin, Ravi Mathur, Nana Matoba, Patrick F Mcardle, Matt Mcgue, Matthew B Mcqueen, Sarah E Medland, Andres Metspalu, Deborah A Meyers, Iona Y Millwood, Braxton D Mitchell, Karen L Mohlke, Matthew Moll, May E Montasser, Alanna C Morrison, Antonella Mulas, Jonas B Nielsen, Kari E North, Elizabeth C Oelsner, Yukinori Okada, Valeria Orrù, Nicholette D Palmer, Teemu Palviainen, Anita Pandit, S Lani Park, Ulrike Peters, Annette Peters, Patricia A Peyser, Tinca J C Polderman, Nicholas Rafaels, Susan Redline, Robert M Reed, Alex P Reiner, John P Rice, Stephen S Rich, Nicole E Richmond, Carol Roan, Jerome I Rotter, Michael N Rueschman, Valgerdur Runarsdottir, Nancy L Saccone, David A Schwartz, Aladdin H Shadyab, Jingchunzi Shi, Suyash S Shringarpure, Kamil Sicinski, Anne Heidi Skogholt, Jennifer A Smith, Nicholas L Smith, Nona Sotoodehnia, Michael C Stallings, Hreinn Stefansson, Kari Stefansson, Jerry A Stitzel, Xiao Sun, Moin Syed, Ruth Tal-Singer, Amy E Taylor, Kent D Taylor, Marilyn J Telen, Khanh K Thai, Hemant Tiwari, Constance Turman, Thorarinn Tyrfingsson, Tamara L Wall, Robin G Walters, David R Weir, Scott T Weiss, Wendy B White, John B Whitfield, Kerri L Wiggins, Gonneke Willemsen, Cristen J Willer, Bendik S Winsvold, Huichun Xu, Lisa R Yanek, Jie Yin, Kristin L Young, Kendra A Young, Bing Yu, Wei Zhao, Wei Zhou, Sebastian Zöllner, Luisa Zuccolo, 23andme Research Team, Biobank Japan Project, Chiara Batini, Andrew W Bergen, Laura J Bierut, Sean P David, Sarah A Gagliano Taliun, Dana B Hancock, Bibo Jiang, Marcus R Munafò, Thorgeir E Thorgeirsson, Dajiang J Liu, Scott Vrieze

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Tobacco and alcohol use are heritable behaviours associated with 15% and 5.3% of worldwide deaths, respectively, due largely to broad increased risk for disease and injury1-4. These substances are used across the globe, yet genome-wide association studies have focused largely on individuals of European ancestries5. Here we leveraged global genetic diversity across 3.4 million individuals from four major clines of global ancestry (approximately 21% non-European) to power the discovery and fine-mapping of genomic loci associated with tobacco and alcohol use, to inform function of these loci via ancestry-aware transcriptome-wide association studies, and to evaluate the genetic architecture and predictive power …

Parent Emotion Socialization And Emerging Adult Internalizing Symptoms: Differences And Moderation By Rurality, Cheston West

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Emerging adulthood is a unique developmental period from late adolescence to late 20s during which individuals experience a multitude of developmental transitions and are at an increased risk for internalizing symptoms. Parent emotion socialization in childhood can also contribute to risk for internalizing symptoms and is shaped by parent gender and sociocultural context. Rurality is a sociocultural context that has implications for parenting, but less research has explored how parent emotion socialization varies by rurality. The present study examined maternal and paternal emotion socialization in relation to rurality and emerging adult internalizing symptoms. Participants were 270 emerging adults (18-29 years …

The Relationship Between Hallucinations And Visuospatial Impairment Among Individuals With Dementia, Ruta Sohoni

Theses and Dissertations

Objective: This study examines the neuropsychological functioning, specifically using the Hooper Visual Organization Test (VOT), to understand the impact of hallucinations on the level of impairment in the visuospatial domain.

Method: Archival data obtained over three years from a total of 73 patients from the Health First Memory Disorder Clinic was used in this study. Participants were included in the study if they endorsed experiencing hallucinations, were given the VOT during their brief neuropsychological evaluation, and were diagnosed with dementia or unspecified neurocognitive disorder. The patient’s electronic medical record was used to retrospectively gather additional details regarding their hallucinations and …

Is It Undervalued? A Qualitative And Quantitative Review Of The Work Values-Job Performance Relationship, Sherif Al-Qallawi

Theses and Dissertations

Researchers have been calling for greater exploration of the relationship between work values and job performance for about five decades (Goodale, 1973; J.-I. C. Hansen & Wiernik, 2017). The current study integrates research on the relationship between work values and job performance over the course of those five decades to better understand this connection. First, a thorough review of work values is presented, including a discussion of their nature, antecedences, construct clarification (how they differ from other individual differences), construct specification (how they differ from other value-based constructs), operationalization, taxonomy, measurement, group differences, stability, and outcomes. This review also includes …

The Interactive Effects Of Cross-Cultural Competence, Political Skill, And Cultural Distance On Trust And Cohesion, Allyson Clubb

Theses and Dissertations

Culturally diverse teams are increasingly common in the modern workforce, yet an inadequate understanding of the unique needs for culturally diverse teams has continued to lead to either sub-optimal or even failed team performance. The current study sought to examine the relationships between cultural distance, team emergent states (trust and cohesion), team composition (cross-cultural competence, 3C; and political skill, PS), and team performance. The research design utilized archival, longitudinal data which included a final sample of 49 teams. It was hypothesized that team-level 3C and PS benefit performance indirectly through their impact on trust and cohesion. Further, it was thought …

The Language Of Recruitment: How Minority Status, Racial Minority Centrality, & Linguistic Cues Impact Applicant Perceptions, Clark Waters

Theses and Dissertations

As color-blindness, the intentional denial of racial differences, continues to occupy corporate policy, expressions and consequences of modern racism in the workplace remain pervasive. Color-blind attitudes can be harmful due to their focus on perceived equality, at the expense of actionable, functional equity. Establishing a culture of racial equity in the workplace requires an understanding of how the language used to discuss race can impact potential applicants’ opinions of the company. To attract a diverse pool of job applicants, the language of recruitment is of particular importance in the current study. Using a vignette-style survey design, a diverse sample of …

Examining The Integrative Impacts Of Trust And Distrust Sub-Dimensions On Employee Discretionary Behavior, Alexandra Silverman

Theses and Dissertations

While trust and distrust in subordinate-supervisor relationships have been studied and linked to numerous positive and negative discretionary workplace outcomes, research has largely overlooked the impact of their sub-dimensions, competence and intent, in these relationships. Furthermore, although there has been research noting the impact of emotional exhaustion on discretionary behaviors such as OCB and CWB, limited research has examined its impact on the relationship between trust/distrust in supervisors and the discretionary behaviors, as well as those pertaining to the sub-dimensions of trust and distrust and the behavioral outcomes. The current study analyzed a sample of 301 employees in the United …

Franchising: A Microfoundational View Of Personality Relationships Towards Franchisee Financial Performance, Christopher Heath Rehkop

Theses and Dissertations

The franchisor-franchisee relationship is unique; it provides a blend of entrepreneurial spirit with the structure of an established corporation. Franchisees operate with a degree of independence, taking certain risks and managing the details of day-to-day business, yet are also obligated to follow prescribed systems and processes of the franchisor. Both parties have a vested interest in the success of this relationship. While many macro-level factors (economy, technology, and demographics) come into play for a franchise’s success, one micro-level variable that may be identified early during recruitment is the personality characteristic of the franchisee candidate. A micro-level or “microfoundations” approach addresses …

Call The Doctor! A Study Of Parental Medical Nonadherence Within Child Custody Proceedings, Karissa Lynn Cummons

Theses and Dissertations

Medical nonadherence is a common and formidable problem that many pediatric healthcare providers face when treating children with acute and chronic medical conditions because adhering to a physicians’ treatment recommendations is beneficial for successful treatment, disease prevention, and healthy promotion (Dawood et al., 2010). It was estimated that at least one third of patients are unable to complete or adhere to relatively short treatment regimens (Dawood et al., 2010). Reasons for nonadherence to a physicians’ recommendations range from extended duration of treatment, multiple prescribed medications, and periods of symptom remission (Dawood et al., 2010). Despite a parent’s or family’s reason …

Implementation Of A Virtual Nurse Residency Program For Public Health Nurses: A Pilot Study, Ashlie L. Pullen

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Implementation of a Virtual Nurse Residency Program for Public Health Nurses: A Pilot Study

Background: Nursing retention is a growing concern for many healthcare organizations. One of the Georgia Department of Public Health’s goals is to improve the recruitment and retention rates of public health nurses in the state. In this cohort study of nurses with less than 18 months of experience in public health, pre and post-tests were conducted to measure stress, confidence, job satisfaction, and public health core competencies.

Methods: The participants took part in asynchronous and synchronous online content led by public health professionals. These two modules …

The Uncertainty And Psychological Health Of Family Caregivers Of Patients With Delirium In Intensive Care Units, Amal Shokri Haji Assa

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Each year, more than 5 million patients are admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) in the United States, and up to 80 % of these patients develop delirium. Delirium is a common indicator of acute brain dysfunction in the ICU and a predictor of mortality, longer ICU/hospital stay, and long-term cognitive impairment. Family caregivers are a valuable resource in preventing, detecting, and managing delirium in the ICU. However, witnessing delirium episodes can generate adverse psychological symptoms in family caregivers that may compromise their health and well-being. Research in this area has demonstrated a gap in the literature regarding how …

Wellness And Coping Of Physicians Who Worked In Icus During The Pandemic: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional North American Survey, Karen E. A. Burns, Rachel K. Mcdonald, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVES: Few surveys have focused on physician moral distress, burnout, and professional fulfilment. We assessed physician wellness and coping during the COVID-19 pandemic.

DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey using four validated instruments.

SETTING: Sixty-two sites in Canada and the United States.

SUBJECTS: Attending physicians (adult, pediatric; intensivist, nonintensivist) who worked in North American ICUs.

INTERVENTION: None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: We analysed 431 questionnaires (43.3% response rate) from 25 states and eight provinces. Respondents were predominantly male (229 [55.6%]) and in practice for 11.8 ± 9.8 years. Compared with prepandemic, respondents reported significant intrapandemic increases in days worked/mo, ICU bed occupancy, and …