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2022

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"Proud Parenting" In The Junior Lifeguard Program, Danielle Belcher May 2022

"Proud Parenting" In The Junior Lifeguard Program, Danielle Belcher

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Parental involvement has been shown to be the single most important factor in determining a child’s successful participation in youth sport. Parents may be required to provide financial, emotional, and physical support. However, this involvement from parents can require significant sacrifice. Youth sports can provide children with many developmental benefits such as increases in physical, cognitive, and emotional well-being. A reason that parents may enroll their children into youth sport programs are the beliefs they maintain about the positive developmental benefits that children may obtain from participation in youth sports programs. The capacity to give this opportunity to their child(ren) …


Pregnant In Prison: Comparing National Standards To The Policies And Programs Of State Prisons, Savannah Danielle Rivera May 2022

Pregnant In Prison: Comparing National Standards To The Policies And Programs Of State Prisons, Savannah Danielle Rivera

Undergraduate Honors Theses

The population in women’s prisons in the United States has been rapidly increasing. This increase has also brought attention to the number of pregnancies and births that occur in a prison setting each year. In the United States, national standards have been developed by experts in obstetrics and gynecology, but currently, state prisons have varying policies and programs for pregnant, birthing, and postpartum people which leads to a vast difference in experiences and a disparity in treatment. To better understand what the policies and programs for maternity in prison are and how they measure up to national standards, the present …


How The Bacteria In Your Gut May Calm The Butterflies In Your Stomach, Hailey Naiper May 2022

How The Bacteria In Your Gut May Calm The Butterflies In Your Stomach, Hailey Naiper

Scientific Kenyon: The Neuroscience Edition

No abstract provided.


Linking Soil Microbial Community Structure To Potential Carbon Mineralization: A Continental Scale Assessment Of Reduced Tillage, Elizabeth L. Rieke, Shannon B. Cappellazzi, Michael Cope, Daniel Liptzin, G. Mac Bean, Kelsey L.H. Greub, Charlotte E. Norris, Paul W. Tracy, Ezra Aberle, Amanda Ashworth, Oscar Bañuelos Tavarez, Andy I. Bary, R. L. Baumhardt, Alberto Borbón Gracia, Daniel C. Brainard, Jameson R. Brennan, Dolores Briones Reyes, Darren Bruhjell, Cameron N. Carlyle, James J.W. Crawford, Cody F. Creech, Steve W. Culman, Bill Deen, Curtis J. Dell, Justin D. Derner, Thomas F. Ducey, Sjoerd W. Duiker, Miles F. Dyck, Benjamin H. Ellert, Avelino Espinosa Solorio, Steven J. Fonte, Simon Fonteyne, Ann Marie Fortuna, Jamie L. Foster, Lisa M. Fultz, Audrey V. Gamble, Charles M. Geddes, Deirdre Griffin-Lahue, John H. Grove, Stephen K. Hamilton May 2022

Linking Soil Microbial Community Structure To Potential Carbon Mineralization: A Continental Scale Assessment Of Reduced Tillage, Elizabeth L. Rieke, Shannon B. Cappellazzi, Michael Cope, Daniel Liptzin, G. Mac Bean, Kelsey L.H. Greub, Charlotte E. Norris, Paul W. Tracy, Ezra Aberle, Amanda Ashworth, Oscar Bañuelos Tavarez, Andy I. Bary, R. L. Baumhardt, Alberto Borbón Gracia, Daniel C. Brainard, Jameson R. Brennan, Dolores Briones Reyes, Darren Bruhjell, Cameron N. Carlyle, James J.W. Crawford, Cody F. Creech, Steve W. Culman, Bill Deen, Curtis J. Dell, Justin D. Derner, Thomas F. Ducey, Sjoerd W. Duiker, Miles F. Dyck, Benjamin H. Ellert, Avelino Espinosa Solorio, Steven J. Fonte, Simon Fonteyne, Ann Marie Fortuna, Jamie L. Foster, Lisa M. Fultz, Audrey V. Gamble, Charles M. Geddes, Deirdre Griffin-Lahue, John H. Grove, Stephen K. Hamilton

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Potential carbon mineralization (Cmin) is a commonly used indicator of soil health, with greater Cmin values interpreted as healthier soil. While Cmin values are typically greater in agricultural soils managed with minimal physical disturbance, the mechanisms driving the increases remain poorly understood. This study assessed bacterial and archaeal community structure and potential microbial drivers of Cmin in soils maintained under various degrees of physical disturbance. Potential carbon mineralization, 16S rRNA sequences, and soil characterization data were collected as part of the North American Project to Evaluate Soil Health Measurements (NAPESHM). Results showed that type of cropping system, intensity of physical …


A Socio-Ecological Model To Assess Tuberculosis In Migrant Farmworkers In The Us-Mexico Border Region, Amit U. Raysoni May 2022

A Socio-Ecological Model To Assess Tuberculosis In Migrant Farmworkers In The Us-Mexico Border Region, Amit U. Raysoni

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

The migrant and seasonal farmworker toiling in the fields and orchards of the United States of America surmounts innumerable problems daily. Some of these problems pertain to the overall health of the farmworker in addition to the various occupational hazards that he or she faces. This research paper focuses on Tuberculosis infection—both latent and active—in the migrant farmworkers in the United States with a special focus on the US-Mexico border. Using the Socio-Ecological Model as a theoretical framework, the TB health issues faced by this group are studied. The various determinants of health at every level of the Socio-Ecological Model …


Food Insecurity During Covid-19 In Nyc: Inefficiencies Of Governmental Responses, Jannet Musleh May 2022

Food Insecurity During Covid-19 In Nyc: Inefficiencies Of Governmental Responses, Jannet Musleh

Student Theses

Due to its status as a liberal welfare state, the United States has largely relied on charities to provide food assistance to its citizens. This reliance on charity became a particular issue in the context of COVID-19 as the charities were unable to efficiently feed food insecure households. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the issue of food insecurity within New York City and shown the cracks within the food emergency distribution network. There is limited research on food insecurity nested in welfare state theory that scrutinizes the failures of government. The overall aim of this paper is to explore the …


Targeting Metabolic Adaptations To Anti-Angiogenic Therapy In Ovarian Cancer, Deanna M. Glassman, Deanna Glassman May 2022

Targeting Metabolic Adaptations To Anti-Angiogenic Therapy In Ovarian Cancer, Deanna M. Glassman, Deanna Glassman

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

ABSTRACT

Background: Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. Despite modest clinical improvements with anti-VEGF antibody (AVA) therapy, adaptive resistance is nearly ubiquitous and additional therapeutic options are limited. A dependence on glutamine metabolism, via the enzyme glutaminase (GLS), is a known mechanism of adaptive resistance.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy of a glutaminase inhibitor as a means of exploiting the metabolic vulnerability of glutamine dependence that develops as a result of adaptive resistance to AVA therapy.

Experimental Design: We used a glutaminase inhibitor (GLSi) synthesized at MD Anderson Cancer Center for all in vitro and in vivo experiments. …


Roles Of Small Rnas And Paralogous Proteins In Bacillus Anthracis Virulence Gene Regulation, Ileana Corsi May 2022

Roles Of Small Rnas And Paralogous Proteins In Bacillus Anthracis Virulence Gene Regulation, Ileana Corsi

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Bacteria have evolved a myriad of regulatory mechanisms to control gene expression. One of the most common mechanisms is post-transcriptional control through the function of small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs). Small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) are short transcripts that base-pair to mRNA targets or interact with regulatory proteins. sRNA function has been studied extensively in Gram-negative bacteria; comparatively less is known about sRNAs in Firmicutes. In this dissertation, I investigated two sRNAs encoded within the virulence plasmid pXO1 of Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax. The sRNAs, named “XrrA and XrrB” (for p­XO1-encoded regulatory RNA) are abundant and highly stable …


Assessing The Impact Of Camp Phever On Blood Phenylalanine Levels, Michelle Zelnick May 2022

Assessing The Impact Of Camp Phever On Blood Phenylalanine Levels, Michelle Zelnick

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a metabolic disorder that results in accumulation of the amino acid, phenylalanine, throughout the body. This can result in neurocognitive complications if individuals with this disease do not follow a low-protein diet. Camp PHEver is a weeklong summer camp that gives children with PKU an opportunity to obtain skills related to diet compliance, but also enhance their confidence, relationship development, and independence. Through learned skills and the strict diet regimen at camp, campers were found to have a statistically significant drop in phenylalanine (PHE) levels within a single attendance (mean decrease per year range = 2.1 to …


Invisible Disabilities, Academic Capital And Competitiveness Of Genetic Counseling Applicants, Natalie E. Stoner, Meagan Choates, Carla Mcgruder, Debra Murray, Theresa Wittman, Sara Wofford, Claire N. Singletary May 2022

Invisible Disabilities, Academic Capital And Competitiveness Of Genetic Counseling Applicants, Natalie E. Stoner, Meagan Choates, Carla Mcgruder, Debra Murray, Theresa Wittman, Sara Wofford, Claire N. Singletary

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

The field of genetic counseling has historically lacked diversity. Recent research has begun to explore how visible diversity may present barriers to a genetic counseling applicant becoming competitive, but has not yet characterized potential barriers with invisible diversities, such as being a first-generation college student, or a part of the LBGTQ+ community. Therefore, this study aimed to address this gap among those with invisible diversities, as well as explore their academic capital (AC), a theoretical framework used to identify factors that make students more likely to succeed in post-secondary work including supportive networks, trustworthy information, family uplift, college knowledge, overcoming …


The Tca Cycle As A Nexus Of Metabolic Vulnerabilities In Cancer, Sunada Khadka May 2022

The Tca Cycle As A Nexus Of Metabolic Vulnerabilities In Cancer, Sunada Khadka

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells necessitates rewiring of metabolic pathways to meet biosynthetic and bioenergetic demands of proliferation and fortify redox homeostasis. An increasing body of literature suggests that mitochondrial metabolism (tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) and oxidative phosphorylation) is imperative for cancer cell growth and proliferation. The scope of the works presented in this dissertation is to explore the importance of mitochondrial metabolism, and primarily the TCA cycle—the anabolic factory of cancer cells and leverage it as a targetable vulnerability in cancer. Cancer cells consume anabolic nutrients that are used to generate biosynthetic precursors in the TCA cycle. Continuous efflux …


Multi-Ancestry Genetic Study Of Type 2 Diabetes Highlights The Power Of Diverse Populations For Discovery And Translation, Anubha Mahajan, Cassandra N Spracklen, Weihua Zhang, Maggie C Y Ng, Lauren E Petty, Hidetoshi Kitajima, Grace Z Yu, Sina Rüeger, Leo Speidel, Young Jin Kim, Momoko Horikoshi, Josep M Mercader, Daniel Taliun, Sanghoon Moon, Soo-Heon Kwak, Neil R Robertson, Nigel W Rayner, Marie Loh, Bong-Jo Kim, Joshua Chiou, Irene Miguel-Escalada, Pietro Della Briotta Parolo, Kuang Lin, Fiona Bragg, Michael H Preuss, Fumihiko Takeuchi, Jana Nano, Xiuqing Guo, Amel Lamri, Masahiro Nakatochi, Robert A Scott, Jung-Jin Lee, Alicia Huerta-Chagoya, Mariaelisa Graff, Jin-Fang Chai, Esteban J Parra, Jie Yao, Lawrence F Bielak, Yasuharu Tabara, Yang Hai, Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir, James P Cook, Mart Kals, Niels Grarup, Ellen M Schmidt, Ian Pan, Tamar Sofer, Matthias Wuttke, Chloe Sarnowski, Christian Gieger, Darryl Nousome, Stella Trompet, Jirong Long, Meng Sun, Lin Tong, Wei-Min Chen, Meraj Ahmad, Raymond Noordam, Victor J Y Lim, Claudia H T Tam, Yoonjung Yoonie Joo, Chien-Hsiun Chen, Laura M Raffield, Cécile Lecoeur, Bram Peter Prins, Aude Nicolas, Lisa R Yanek, Guanjie Chen, Richard A Jensen, Salman Tajuddin, Edmond K Kabagambe, Ping An, Anny H Xiang, Hyeok Sun Choi, Brian E Cade, Jingyi Tan, Jack Flanagan, Fernando Abaitua, Linda S Adair, Adebowale Adeyemo, Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas, Masato Akiyama, Sonia S Anand, Alain Bertoni, Zheng Bian, Jette Bork-Jensen, Ivan Brandslund, Jennifer A Brody, Chad M Brummett, Thomas A Buchanan, Mickaël Canouil, Juliana C N Chan, Li-Ching Chang, Miao-Li Chee, Ji Chen, Shyh-Huei Chen, Yuan-Tsong Chen, Zhengming Chen, Lee-Ming Chuang, Mary Cushman, Swapan K Das, H Janaka De Silva, George Dedoussis, Latchezar Dimitrov, Ayo P Doumatey, Shufa Du, Qing Duan, Kai-Uwe Eckardt, Leslie S Emery, Daniel S Evans, Michele K Evans, Krista Fischer, James S Floyd, Ian Ford, Myriam Fornage, Oscar H Franco, Timothy M Frayling, Barry I Freedman, Christian Fuchsberger, Pauline Genter, Hertzel C Gerstein, Vilmantas Giedraitis, Clicerio González-Villalpando, Maria Elena González-Villalpando, Mark O Goodarzi, Penny Gordon-Larsen, David Gorkin, Myron Gross, Yu Guo, Sophie Hackinger, Sohee Han, Andrew T Hattersley, Christian Herder, Annie-Green Howard, Willa Hsueh, Mengna Huang, Wei Huang, Yi-Jen Hung, Mi Yeong Hwang, Chii-Min Hwu, Sahoko Ichihara, Mohammad Arfan Ikram, Martin Ingelsson, Md Tariqul Islam, Masato Isono, Hye-Mi Jang, Farzana Jasmine, Guozhi Jiang, Jost B Jonas, Marit E Jørgensen, Torben Jørgensen, Yoichiro Kamatani, Fouad R Kandeel, Anuradhani Kasturiratne, Tomohiro Katsuya, Varinderpal Kaur, Takahisa Kawaguchi, Jacob M Keaton, Abel N Kho, Chiea-Chuen Khor, Muhammad G Kibriya, Duk-Hwan Kim, Katsuhiko Kohara, Jennifer Kriebel, Florian Kronenberg, Johanna Kuusisto, Kristi Läll, Leslie A Lange, Myung-Shik Lee, Nanette R Lee, Aaron Leong, Liming Li, Yun Li, Ruifang Li-Gao, Symen Ligthart, Cecilia M Lindgren, Allan Linneberg, Ching-Ti Liu, Jianjun Liu, Adam E Locke, Tin Louie, Jian'an Luan, Andrea O Luk, Xi Luo, Jun Lv, Valeriya Lyssenko, Vasiliki Mamakou, K Radha Mani, Thomas Meitinger, Andres Metspalu, Andrew D Morris, Girish N Nadkarni, Jerry L Nadler, Michael A Nalls, Uma Nayak, Suraj S Nongmaithem, Ioanna Ntalla, Yukinori Okada, Lorena Orozco, Sanjay R Patel, Mark A Pereira, Annette Peters, Fraser J Pirie, Bianca Porneala, Gauri Prasad, Sebastian Preissl, Laura J Rasmussen-Torvik, Alexander P Reiner, Michael Roden, Rebecca Rohde, Kathryn Roll, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Maike Sander, Kevin Sandow, Naveed Sattar, Sebastian Schönherr, Claudia Schurmann, Mohammad Shahriar, Jinxiu Shi, Dong Mun Shin, Daniel Shriner, Jennifer A Smith, Wing Yee So, Alena Stančáková, Adrienne M Stilp, Konstantin Strauch, Ken Suzuki, Atsushi Takahashi, Kent D Taylor, Barbara Thorand, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Brian Tomlinson, Jason M Torres, Fuu-Jen Tsai, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Teresa Tusie-Luna, Miriam S Udler, Adan Valladares-Salgado, Rob M Van Dam, Jan B Van Klinken, Rohit Varma, Marijana Vujkovic, Niels Wacher-Rodarte, Eleanor Wheeler, Eric A Whitsel, Ananda R Wickremasinghe, Ko Willems Van Dijk, Daniel R Witte, Chittaranjan S Yajnik, Ken Yamamoto, Toshimasa Yamauchi, Loïc Yengo, Kyungheon Yoon, Canqing Yu, Jian-Min Yuan, Salim Yusuf, Liang Zhang, Wei Zheng, Finngen, Emerge Consortium, Leslie J Raffel, Michiya Igase, Eli Ipp, Susan Redline, Yoon Shin Cho, Lars Lind, Michael A Province, Craig L Hanis, Patricia A Peyser, Erik Ingelsson, Alan B Zonderman, Bruce M Psaty, Ya-Xing Wang, Charles N Rotimi, Diane M Becker, Fumihiko Matsuda, Yongmei Liu, Eleftheria Zeggini, Mitsuhiro Yokota, Stephen S Rich, Charles Kooperberg, James S Pankow, James C Engert, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Philippe Froguel, James G Wilson, Wayne H H Sheu, Sharon L R Kardia, Jer-Yuarn Wu, M Geoffrey Hayes, Ronald C W Ma, Tien-Yin Wong, Leif Groop, Dennis O Mook-Kanamori, Giriraj R Chandak, Francis S Collins, Dwaipayan Bharadwaj, Guillaume Paré, Michèle M Sale, Habibul Ahsan, Ayesha A Motala, Xiao-Ou Shu, Kyong-Soo Park, J Wouter Jukema, Miguel Cruz, Roberta Mckean-Cowdin, Harald Grallert, Ching-Yu Cheng, Erwin P Bottinger, Abbas Dehghan, E-Shyong Tai, Josée Dupuis, Norihiro Kato, Markku Laakso, Anna Köttgen, Woon-Puay Koh, Colin N A Palmer, Simin Liu, Goncalo Abecasis, Jaspal S Kooner, Ruth J F Loos, Kari E North, Christopher A Haiman, Jose C Florez, Danish Saleheen, Torben Hansen, Oluf Pedersen, Reedik Mägi, Claudia Langenberg, Nicholas J Wareham, Shiro Maeda, Takashi Kadowaki, Juyoung Lee, Iona Y Millwood, Robin G Walters, Kari Stefansson, Simon R Myers, Jorge Ferrer, Kyle J Gaulton, James B Meigs, Karen L Mohlke, Anna L Gloyn, Donald W Bowden, Jennifer E Below, John C Chambers, Xueling Sim, Michael Boehnke, Jerome I Rotter, Mark I Mccarthy, Andrew P Morris May 2022

Multi-Ancestry Genetic Study Of Type 2 Diabetes Highlights The Power Of Diverse Populations For Discovery And Translation, Anubha Mahajan, Cassandra N Spracklen, Weihua Zhang, Maggie C Y Ng, Lauren E Petty, Hidetoshi Kitajima, Grace Z Yu, Sina Rüeger, Leo Speidel, Young Jin Kim, Momoko Horikoshi, Josep M Mercader, Daniel Taliun, Sanghoon Moon, Soo-Heon Kwak, Neil R Robertson, Nigel W Rayner, Marie Loh, Bong-Jo Kim, Joshua Chiou, Irene Miguel-Escalada, Pietro Della Briotta Parolo, Kuang Lin, Fiona Bragg, Michael H Preuss, Fumihiko Takeuchi, Jana Nano, Xiuqing Guo, Amel Lamri, Masahiro Nakatochi, Robert A Scott, Jung-Jin Lee, Alicia Huerta-Chagoya, Mariaelisa Graff, Jin-Fang Chai, Esteban J Parra, Jie Yao, Lawrence F Bielak, Yasuharu Tabara, Yang Hai, Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir, James P Cook, Mart Kals, Niels Grarup, Ellen M Schmidt, Ian Pan, Tamar Sofer, Matthias Wuttke, Chloe Sarnowski, Christian Gieger, Darryl Nousome, Stella Trompet, Jirong Long, Meng Sun, Lin Tong, Wei-Min Chen, Meraj Ahmad, Raymond Noordam, Victor J Y Lim, Claudia H T Tam, Yoonjung Yoonie Joo, Chien-Hsiun Chen, Laura M Raffield, Cécile Lecoeur, Bram Peter Prins, Aude Nicolas, Lisa R Yanek, Guanjie Chen, Richard A Jensen, Salman Tajuddin, Edmond K Kabagambe, Ping An, Anny H Xiang, Hyeok Sun Choi, Brian E Cade, Jingyi Tan, Jack Flanagan, Fernando Abaitua, Linda S Adair, Adebowale Adeyemo, Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas, Masato Akiyama, Sonia S Anand, Alain Bertoni, Zheng Bian, Jette Bork-Jensen, Ivan Brandslund, Jennifer A Brody, Chad M Brummett, Thomas A Buchanan, Mickaël Canouil, Juliana C N Chan, Li-Ching Chang, Miao-Li Chee, Ji Chen, Shyh-Huei Chen, Yuan-Tsong Chen, Zhengming Chen, Lee-Ming Chuang, Mary Cushman, Swapan K Das, H Janaka De Silva, George Dedoussis, Latchezar Dimitrov, Ayo P Doumatey, Shufa Du, Qing Duan, Kai-Uwe Eckardt, Leslie S Emery, Daniel S Evans, Michele K Evans, Krista Fischer, James S Floyd, Ian Ford, Myriam Fornage, Oscar H Franco, Timothy M Frayling, Barry I Freedman, Christian Fuchsberger, Pauline Genter, Hertzel C Gerstein, Vilmantas Giedraitis, Clicerio González-Villalpando, Maria Elena González-Villalpando, Mark O Goodarzi, Penny Gordon-Larsen, David Gorkin, Myron Gross, Yu Guo, Sophie Hackinger, Sohee Han, Andrew T Hattersley, Christian Herder, Annie-Green Howard, Willa Hsueh, Mengna Huang, Wei Huang, Yi-Jen Hung, Mi Yeong Hwang, Chii-Min Hwu, Sahoko Ichihara, Mohammad Arfan Ikram, Martin Ingelsson, Md Tariqul Islam, Masato Isono, Hye-Mi Jang, Farzana Jasmine, Guozhi Jiang, Jost B Jonas, Marit E Jørgensen, Torben Jørgensen, Yoichiro Kamatani, Fouad R Kandeel, Anuradhani Kasturiratne, Tomohiro Katsuya, Varinderpal Kaur, Takahisa Kawaguchi, Jacob M Keaton, Abel N Kho, Chiea-Chuen Khor, Muhammad G Kibriya, Duk-Hwan Kim, Katsuhiko Kohara, Jennifer Kriebel, Florian Kronenberg, Johanna Kuusisto, Kristi Läll, Leslie A Lange, Myung-Shik Lee, Nanette R Lee, Aaron Leong, Liming Li, Yun Li, Ruifang Li-Gao, Symen Ligthart, Cecilia M Lindgren, Allan Linneberg, Ching-Ti Liu, Jianjun Liu, Adam E Locke, Tin Louie, Jian'an Luan, Andrea O Luk, Xi Luo, Jun Lv, Valeriya Lyssenko, Vasiliki Mamakou, K Radha Mani, Thomas Meitinger, Andres Metspalu, Andrew D Morris, Girish N Nadkarni, Jerry L Nadler, Michael A Nalls, Uma Nayak, Suraj S Nongmaithem, Ioanna Ntalla, Yukinori Okada, Lorena Orozco, Sanjay R Patel, Mark A Pereira, Annette Peters, Fraser J Pirie, Bianca Porneala, Gauri Prasad, Sebastian Preissl, Laura J Rasmussen-Torvik, Alexander P Reiner, Michael Roden, Rebecca Rohde, Kathryn Roll, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Maike Sander, Kevin Sandow, Naveed Sattar, Sebastian Schönherr, Claudia Schurmann, Mohammad Shahriar, Jinxiu Shi, Dong Mun Shin, Daniel Shriner, Jennifer A Smith, Wing Yee So, Alena Stančáková, Adrienne M Stilp, Konstantin Strauch, Ken Suzuki, Atsushi Takahashi, Kent D Taylor, Barbara Thorand, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Brian Tomlinson, Jason M Torres, Fuu-Jen Tsai, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Teresa Tusie-Luna, Miriam S Udler, Adan Valladares-Salgado, Rob M Van Dam, Jan B Van Klinken, Rohit Varma, Marijana Vujkovic, Niels Wacher-Rodarte, Eleanor Wheeler, Eric A Whitsel, Ananda R Wickremasinghe, Ko Willems Van Dijk, Daniel R Witte, Chittaranjan S Yajnik, Ken Yamamoto, Toshimasa Yamauchi, Loïc Yengo, Kyungheon Yoon, Canqing Yu, Jian-Min Yuan, Salim Yusuf, Liang Zhang, Wei Zheng, Finngen, Emerge Consortium, Leslie J Raffel, Michiya Igase, Eli Ipp, Susan Redline, Yoon Shin Cho, Lars Lind, Michael A Province, Craig L Hanis, Patricia A Peyser, Erik Ingelsson, Alan B Zonderman, Bruce M Psaty, Ya-Xing Wang, Charles N Rotimi, Diane M Becker, Fumihiko Matsuda, Yongmei Liu, Eleftheria Zeggini, Mitsuhiro Yokota, Stephen S Rich, Charles Kooperberg, James S Pankow, James C Engert, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Philippe Froguel, James G Wilson, Wayne H H Sheu, Sharon L R Kardia, Jer-Yuarn Wu, M Geoffrey Hayes, Ronald C W Ma, Tien-Yin Wong, Leif Groop, Dennis O Mook-Kanamori, Giriraj R Chandak, Francis S Collins, Dwaipayan Bharadwaj, Guillaume Paré, Michèle M Sale, Habibul Ahsan, Ayesha A Motala, Xiao-Ou Shu, Kyong-Soo Park, J Wouter Jukema, Miguel Cruz, Roberta Mckean-Cowdin, Harald Grallert, Ching-Yu Cheng, Erwin P Bottinger, Abbas Dehghan, E-Shyong Tai, Josée Dupuis, Norihiro Kato, Markku Laakso, Anna Köttgen, Woon-Puay Koh, Colin N A Palmer, Simin Liu, Goncalo Abecasis, Jaspal S Kooner, Ruth J F Loos, Kari E North, Christopher A Haiman, Jose C Florez, Danish Saleheen, Torben Hansen, Oluf Pedersen, Reedik Mägi, Claudia Langenberg, Nicholas J Wareham, Shiro Maeda, Takashi Kadowaki, Juyoung Lee, Iona Y Millwood, Robin G Walters, Kari Stefansson, Simon R Myers, Jorge Ferrer, Kyle J Gaulton, James B Meigs, Karen L Mohlke, Anna L Gloyn, Donald W Bowden, Jennifer E Below, John C Chambers, Xueling Sim, Michael Boehnke, Jerome I Rotter, Mark I Mccarthy, Andrew P Morris

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

We assembled an ancestrally diverse collection of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in 180,834 affected individuals and 1,159,055 controls (48.9% non-European descent) through the Diabetes Meta-Analysis of Trans-Ethnic association studies (DIAMANTE) Consortium. Multi-ancestry GWAS meta-analysis identified 237 loci attaining stringent genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10-9), which were delineated to 338 distinct association signals. Fine-mapping of these signals was enhanced by the increased sample size and expanded population diversity of the multi-ancestry meta-analysis, which localized 54.4% of T2D associations to a single variant with >50% posterior probability. This improved fine-mapping enabled systematic assessment of candidate causal genes and molecular mechanisms through which T2D associations are mediated, laying the foundations for functional investigations. Multi-ancestry genetic risk scores enhanced transferability of T2D prediction across diverse populations. Our study provides a step toward more effective clinical translation of T2D GWAS …


Effects Of Thermal Processing On Peach Puree Of Different Cultivars: Analysis Of Biochemical Alteration, Non-Enzymatic Browning Reaction, And Color Changes, James Hayes May 2022

Effects Of Thermal Processing On Peach Puree Of Different Cultivars: Analysis Of Biochemical Alteration, Non-Enzymatic Browning Reaction, And Color Changes, James Hayes

All Theses

The effects of pasteurization temperature and time on the change in seven peach puree variables over a 6-week accelerated shelf-life test (35°C) were evaluated. The variables of interest were three color measures [ L* (lightness), a* (redness), and b* (yellowness)]; two brown pigment measures [spectrophotometric absorption at 420 nm (Browning Index) and 443 nm (Hydroxymethylfurfural)]; °Brix; and pH). Puree was collected from three different cultivars (2 freestone and 1 clingstone) and puree samples from each cultivar were subjected to 20 combinations of pasteurization temperatures (70°C, 80°C, 90 °C, 100°C) and same hold times (0 minutes, 1 minute, 3 minutes, 5 …


Effects Of Continuous In Situ Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation On Microorganisms, Molly E. Wintenberg May 2022

Effects Of Continuous In Situ Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation On Microorganisms, Molly E. Wintenberg

All Dissertations

Precise detection and monitoring of nuclear fuel cycle, enrichment, and weapon development activities are critical for supporting warfighter preparation in chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosives (CBRNE) operations, clandestine activities, and nuclear compliance. A biological sensing system could serve as an alternative to traditional detection methods by using organic material naturally present in the environment to discreetly detect residual trace nuclear material. Microorganisms provide an optimal platform for an alternative sensing system; however, their response to low levels of ionizing radiation is poorly characterized. Combining the power of next-generation sequencing and transcriptomic analysis, this dissertation takes an approach to obtain …


Advanced Epidemiologic Methods To Estimate Disparities In Peripheral Artery Disease In South Carolina By Geographic Location, Payor Status, And Socio-Demographics, Brian A. Witrick May 2022

Advanced Epidemiologic Methods To Estimate Disparities In Peripheral Artery Disease In South Carolina By Geographic Location, Payor Status, And Socio-Demographics, Brian A. Witrick

All Dissertations

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a progressive circulatory disorder of the lower extremities that occurs when atherosclerotic plaques obstruct arteries carrying blood from the heart to the legs. PAD is associated with reduced quality of life and increased risk of poor outcomes, particularly among disadvantaged groups. There is a need to better understand disparities experienced by disadvantaged groups. Thus, the purpose of this doctoral research was to explore the association of geographic, economic, and socio-demographic factors with PAD. South Carolina is an ideal location to investigate disparities of PAD due to the risk profile of South Carolina residents and the …


How Exposure To Poverty Related Issues In The Classroom Affects Students’ Attitudes And Interactions With Their Social Environment, Rocco Placenti May 2022

How Exposure To Poverty Related Issues In The Classroom Affects Students’ Attitudes And Interactions With Their Social Environment, Rocco Placenti

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

Impoverishment and its presence are the saddest forms of brutality and have long been recognized in the United States (U.S.). The common attitude of Americans is to view impoverishment from individualistic characteristics in which it is believed that individuals will not want to work if aid is offered to them. People’s attitudes towards those in poverty play a part in policy and practice in the American government. Therefore, this study explored how and the magnitude with which students’ connections within their ecological systems and their attitudes shifted after the introduction to an undergraduate course on families in poverty. A qualitative …


At-Home Yogurt Making To Investigate Microbiology Concepts: A Remote Biology Laboratory, Tatiana Kuzmenko, Jacqueline Raetz-Vigon, Demian A. Willette May 2022

At-Home Yogurt Making To Investigate Microbiology Concepts: A Remote Biology Laboratory, Tatiana Kuzmenko, Jacqueline Raetz-Vigon, Demian A. Willette

Biology Faculty Works

The global COVID-19 pandemic has forced many educators to move their courses to the online environment with little time to adjust. It especially affected undergraduate biology laboratory courses that rely on on-campus facilities to provide students with meaningful laboratory-type experiences. Here we describe a multisession, at-home, and hands-on laboratory activity that utilizes yogurt culturing to explore microbiology concepts. We also summarize the findings of 219 undergraduate students who successfully performed this lab remotely. In small virtual groups, students learned how to make yogurt at home, formulate a testable hypothesis, run an experiment on conditions necessary for yogurt fermentation, analyze experimental …


Preparation Of Proteins And Peptides From Heat-Stabilized Defatted Rice Bran Via Solid State Fermentation And Investigating For Skin Health, Ali A. Bisly May 2022

Preparation Of Proteins And Peptides From Heat-Stabilized Defatted Rice Bran Via Solid State Fermentation And Investigating For Skin Health, Ali A. Bisly

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Heat-stabilized defatted rice bran (HDRB) is an abundant and inexpensive agro-industrial by-product of rice milling and rice oil extraction process. Furthermore, HDRB is a potential source of proteins. However, the direct protein extraction has low yield of protein due to the impact of heat stabilization and oil extraction process which made the HDRB proteins bound and interact with other components. This research is based on using solid-state fermentation (SSF), which is a natural and cost-effective approach to facilitate protein extraction from HDRB using Bacillus subtilis (natto) Takahashi as a microorganism.

Response surface methodology (RSM) analysis was used with Box-Behnken design …


Genetic Control Of Prickles And Plant Height In Blackberry, Carmen Johns May 2022

Genetic Control Of Prickles And Plant Height In Blackberry, Carmen Johns

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The fresh-market blackberry (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus Watson) industry has been expanding for the past two decades. Blackberry market growth can be attributed to many factors including expanded production regions, improved production systems, and release of superior cultivars. Blackberry breeding is a time- and labor-intensive process which would benefit from implementation of molecular markers for highly heritable, important traits. Next generation sequencing, a high-quality reference genome, and software capable of analyzing this complex genome were applied in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to reveal maker-trait associations related to prickles and plant height variation in fresh-market blackberry. In 2020 and 2021, …


Tuberculous Meningitis Presenting With Stroke In An Immunocompetent Adolescent: A Case Report, Rukhsar S. Osman, Rahim Damji, Zainab Fidaali, Nahida Z. Walli, Mariam Noorani May 2022

Tuberculous Meningitis Presenting With Stroke In An Immunocompetent Adolescent: A Case Report, Rukhsar S. Osman, Rahim Damji, Zainab Fidaali, Nahida Z. Walli, Mariam Noorani

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Background: Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a severe infection of the central nervous system that has high mortality. The disease predominantly affects young children and those who are immuncompromised. Strokes have been reported in about one-third of children with tuberculous meningitis and are associated with poor clinical outcomes.
Case report: A previously healthy 14-year-old girl living in Dar es Salam, Tanzania presented with one month history of weight loss associated with weakness, loss of appetite, apathy; without respiratory symptoms. Anti-TB therapy was started, based on radiological findings of the chest which showed multiple patchy centrilobular nodules with linear branching …


Is Being A Social Media Influencer A Sustainable Career?, Mya Sanders May 2022

Is Being A Social Media Influencer A Sustainable Career?, Mya Sanders

Comm-entary

Being a social media influencer in today’s world has its stereotypes: that it is not a real job which one can have for their whole lives, that it does nothing useful for society, or that people get paid to take videos of themselves and nothing more. While that argument has valid points for individual people, I discuss in this paper the idea that being a social media influencer can be a sustainable career path. I mention the positives of the career path: how influencers have the power to change their followers’ minds on a topic, how they can be a …


Comm-Entary, Spring 2021 - Full Issue May 2022

Comm-Entary, Spring 2021 - Full Issue

Comm-entary

No abstract provided.


Evaluating The Persuasiveness Of Mobile Health: The Intersection Of Persuasive System Design And Data Science, Aleise Mcgowan May 2022

Evaluating The Persuasiveness Of Mobile Health: The Intersection Of Persuasive System Design And Data Science, Aleise Mcgowan

Graduate Theses and Dissertations (2019 - present)

Persuasive technology is an umbrella term that encompasses any software (e.g., mobile app) or hardware (e.g., smartwatch) designed to influence users to perform a preferable behavior once or on a long-term basis. Considering the ubiquitous nature of mobile devices across all socioeconomic groups, user behavior modification thrives under the personalized care that persuasive technology can offer. This research examines the roles psychological characteristics play in interpreted mHealth screen perceived persuasiveness. A review of the literature revealed a gap regarding how developers of digital health technologies are often tasked with developing tools designed to engage patients, yet little emphasis has been …


At The Intersection Of Race And Health: Racial Disparities In The Maternal Healthcare System, Sarah Schweitzer May 2022

At The Intersection Of Race And Health: Racial Disparities In The Maternal Healthcare System, Sarah Schweitzer

Seattle Journal for Social Justice

No abstract provided.


Stop Revictimization In The Justice System: Human Trafficking Survivors Are Victims Too, Kaelyn Tomkins May 2022

Stop Revictimization In The Justice System: Human Trafficking Survivors Are Victims Too, Kaelyn Tomkins

Seattle Journal for Social Justice

No abstract provided.


An Examination Of The Factors Contributing To Academic Resilience Among Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Individuals In Northeast Tennessee, Connie Larissa Trivette May 2022

An Examination Of The Factors Contributing To Academic Resilience Among Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Individuals In Northeast Tennessee, Connie Larissa Trivette

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to gain insight into the factors of resilience that educators could replicate to increase the number of socio-economically disadvantaged students that successfully complete high school and continue to become successful adults. An examination of the factors that socio-economically disadvantaged individuals attribute to their success was conducted in this study. This study used interview data from 15 participants ranging in age from 21 to 80 years old. Nine themes emerged from the interview data that affects the resilience of socio-economically disadvantaged students. The 9 themes identified were 1) Definition of success is different for each …


Studying The Lysine Acetylation Of Aconitase Isozymes In E. Coli, Sara Ottinger May 2022

Studying The Lysine Acetylation Of Aconitase Isozymes In E. Coli, Sara Ottinger

Chemistry & Biochemistry Undergraduate Honors Theses

The contents of this thesis have been modified from the publication “Araujo J, Ottinger S, Venkat S, Gan Q and Fan C (2022) Studying Acetylation of Aconitase Isozymes by Genetic Code Expansion. Front. Chem. 10:862483”. Though studies have found multiple lysine sites in which acetylation takes place in Escherichia Coli aconitase, acetylation’s effects on the enzyme’s activity have yet to be studied. Aconitase is the dehydratase-hydratase found in the citric acid and glyoxylate cycles responsible for the reversible isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate intermediate. There are two isoforms of aconitase in E. coli: AcnA and AcnB. In …


Financial Analysis Of Accountancy In America Today Through Collective Case Studies, Caitlyn Henry May 2022

Financial Analysis Of Accountancy In America Today Through Collective Case Studies, Caitlyn Henry

Honors Theses

The following thesis contains a collection of ten accounting case studies that were written and directed under the advisement of Dr. Victoria Dickinson during the enrollment of Honors Accountancy 420. Dr. Dickinson presented us with unique prompts for each case study and guided our research as we dove into the professional world of accounting standards in America today. Five of my cases specifically correlate to The Coca-Cola Company, which my case competition team selected to research as we devised tax, audit, and advisory plans to better the company. We presented our findings to a panel of accounting professionals from numerous …


The Environmental And Nutritional Dilemma Of Beef Production And Consumption, Hannah A. Swilling, Stefano De Rosmini, Brooke Lovan May 2022

The Environmental And Nutritional Dilemma Of Beef Production And Consumption, Hannah A. Swilling, Stefano De Rosmini, Brooke Lovan

Chemical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

Based on previous studies, it has been stated that beef production and consumption in the United States is detrimental to the environment. However, in depth studies analyzing the change of beef production and consumption, the environmental impacts, the external costs, the lifestyle implications as well as the nutritional, the social and the cultural aspects of beef have not been conducted. The goal of this study is to analyze the multiple aspects of the dilemma over beef production and consumption. This was done through an analysis of beef production and consumption data over the past 60 years to determine how it …


The Impact Of Covid-19 On The Opioid Epidemic, Hailey Stewart May 2022

The Impact Of Covid-19 On The Opioid Epidemic, Hailey Stewart

Undergraduate Honors Theses

The COVID-19 pandemic adversely affected the lives of most Americans. People with Substance Use Disorder (SUD) were particularly vulnerable to the negative effects brought on by the pandemic. This study explored the increase in deaths due to opioid overdose during the pandemic exacerbated by factors such as increased stress, decrease in treatment options due to social distancing requirements and facility closures, social isolation, and an increase in spare time. Access to treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) was interrupted by the measures meant to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. Through a systematic review of current literature, it was demonstrated that …