Digital Commons Network^™

The Ecosystem Of Racial Inequalities In Discipline In Early Childhood Education, Alexandra Aylward, Rachel Garver, Catherine Kramarczuk Voulgarides, Christine Hodgson

Perspectives on Early Childhood Psychology and Education

Preschool children are suspended and expelled at a rate greater than school-aged youth, and exclusionary discipline practices are further inequitable across racial and ethnic groups. Denied the documented benefits of early childhood education, Black students are disproportionately excluded from US educational institutions beginning in early childhood, effectively preserving and reproducing racial inequities. Black students, especially boys, are the most likely to lose access to schooling due to exclusionary discipline. The disparities are dehumanizing and detrimental to students’ opportunities to learn, as early educational experiences greatly influence development and future outcomes. Although there is a plethora of evidence concerning the significant …

Book Review: Too High To Fail: Cannabis And The New Green Economic Revolution By Doug Fine, Maia Ryan

Humboldt Journal of Social Relations

Book Review: Too High to Fail: Cannabis and the New Green Economic Revolution by Doug Fine

The Art Of Social Justice, Jennifer Miles, Laura Dawson

Humboldt Journal of Social Relations

As this HJSR special issue on social justice unfolded, it became clear to the editorial team that this publication would be incomplete without addressing the well-documented role of art in social justice movements. We asked two of our managing editors, Jennifer Miles and Laura Dawson, to research and write about this area of social action. They interviewed two artists, a spoken word performer and a visual artist, both of whom understand their art as part of larger social justice projects. These artists raise awareness, highlight obstacles and avenues for change, and create space for solidarity and sanctuary. The following montage …

Full Journal

Humboldt Journal of Social Relations

The theme of Issue 34 of the Humboldt Journal of Social Relations is Social Justice Action, Teaching, and Research.

Ms 007 Guide To Hilde Bruch, Md Papers (1928-1984), Hilde Bruch (1928-1984)

Manuscript Finding Aids

The Hilde Bruch, MD papers contains reprints, books, office files, patient records. The early gift of books and reprints, and the posthumous donation of books and papers have been integrated into the larger group of office records, making the total size of the collection 56 cubic feet. The arrangement includes office files, patient records dating from the 1940's, correspondence from colleagues as well as hundreds of letters from lay persons acquainted with Dr. Bruch's work on eating disorders. See more at MS 007 .

Hematophagy And Tick-Borne Rickettsial Pathogen Shape The Microbial Community Structure And Predicted Functions Within The Tick Vector, Amblyomma Maculatum., Abdulsalam Adegoke, Deepak Kumar, Khemraj Budachetri, Shahid Karim

Faculty Publications

Background: Ticks are the primary vectors of emerging and resurging pathogens of public health significance worldwide. Analyzing tick bacterial composition, diversity, and functionality across developmental stages and tissues is crucial for designing new strategies to control ticks and prevent tick-borne diseases.

Materials and methods: Here, we explored the microbial communities across the developmental timeline and in different tissues of the Gulf-Coast ticks (Amblyomma maculatum). Using a high-throughput sequencing approach, the influence of blood meal and Rickettsia parkeri, a spotted fever group rickettsiae infection in driving changes in microbiome composition, diversity, and functionality was determined.

Results: This study …

Causes Of Death In Children Under-Age Of Five Years In Babylon Province, Abbas Mehdi Kadim, Mohammed Abdul Kareem Abdullah

Muthanna Medical Journal

Iraq lacks data on under-5 mortality causes. The vital registration system is poor in rural regions where access to health care is restricted and most fatalities occur at home, outside the health system, and the reason of death remains undetected. Knowing under-5 mortality patterns and trends helps decision-makers evaluate programmatic requirements, priorities interventions, and track progress. The aim of study is to describe the main causes of death under 5 years and evaluate the effects of different variables like: age, sex, body weight, residency, day and time of death and month of year, on the cause of death. Method: This …

Against A Deconstitutionalisation Of International Law In Times Of Populism, Pandemic, And War, Anne Peters

Articles

On 24th February 2022, the international landscape changed. The German chancellor called it a ‘Zeitenwende’, an epochal change. Russia invaded its neighbour Ukraine, a state that has struggled with corruption and oligarchy but which might nevertheless be qualified as having a democratic and liberal system of government. Russia thereby violated one of the basic principles of international law, the prohibition on the use of force, and in the course of this unlawful war is committing countless grave violations of human rights and humanitarian law, and commits atrocities amounting maybe even to genocide.

From Model Organisms To Humans, The Opportunity For More Rigor In Methodologic And Statistical Analysis, Design, And Interpretation Of Aging And Senescence Research, Daniella E Chusyd, Steven N Austad, Andrew W Brown, Xiwei Chen, Stephanie L Dickinson, Keisuke Ejima, David Fluharty, Lilian Golzarri-Arroyo, Richard Holden, Yasaman Jamshidi-Naeini, Doug Landsittel, Stella Lartey, Edward Mannix, Colby J Vorland, David B Allison

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

This review identifies frequent design and analysis errors in aging and senescence research and discusses best practices in study design, statistical methods, analyses, and interpretation. Recommendations are offered for how to avoid these problems. The following issues are addressed: (a) errors in randomization, (b) errors related to testing within-group instead of between-group differences, (c) failing to account for clustering, (d) failing to consider interference effects, (e) standardizing metrics of effect size, (f) maximum life-span testing, (g) testing for effects beyond the mean, (h) tests for power and sample size, (i) compression of morbidity versus survival curve squaring, and (j) other …

Cardiovascular/Stroke Risk Stratification In Diabetic Foot Infection Patients Using Deep Learning-Based Artificial Intelligence: An Investigative Study., Narendra N Khanna, Mahesh A Maindarkar, Vijay Viswanathan, Anudeep Puvvula, Sudip Paul, Mrinalini Bhagawati, Puneet Ahluwalia, Zoltan Ruzsa, Aditya Sharma, Raghu Kolluri, Padukone R Krishnan, Inder M Singh, John R Laird, Mostafa Fatemi, Azra Alizad, Surinder K Dhanjil, Luca Saba, Antonella Balestrieri, Gavino Faa, Kosmas I Paraskevas, Durga Prasanna Misra, Vikas Agarwal, Aman Sharma, Jagjit S Teji, Mustafa Al-Maini, Andrew Nicolaides, Vijay Rathore, Subbaram Naidu, Kiera Liblik, Amer M Johri, Monika Turk, David W Sobel, Martin Miner, Klaudija Viskovic, George Tsoulfas, Athanasios D Protogerou, Sophie Mavrogeni, George D Kitas, Mostafa M Fouda, Mannudeep K Kalra, Jasjit S Suri

Heart and Vascular Articles

A diabetic foot infection (DFI) is among the most serious, incurable, and costly to treat conditions. The presence of a DFI renders machine learning (ML) systems extremely nonlinear, posing difficulties in CVD/stroke risk stratification. In addition, there is a limited number of well-explained ML paradigms due to comorbidity, sample size limits, and weak scientific and clinical validation methodologies. Deep neural networks (DNN) are potent machines for learning that generalize nonlinear situations. The objective of this article is to propose a novel investigation of deep learning (DL) solutions for predicting CVD/stroke risk in DFI patients. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic …

The Ecosystem Value Of The Dominant Native And Invasive Shrubs In The Wsu Woods, Jaedynn Duell, John O. Stireman Iii

Runkle Woods Symposia

Jaedynn Duell presents her research in how invasive honeysuckle impacts the ecology of the Wright State University Woods, focusing on spicebush, a comparative counterpart to honeysuckle, and native a local caterpillar species.

Pupil Dilation Differences When Playing Valorant Under Practice And Competition Conditions: A Case Study, Ryan Szuch, Cody S. Dulaney, Sergi Garcia Retortillo, Andreas Stamatis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Esports have been growing faster than any other sport in history. Esports are video games that are played in official competitions and usually fall into a major genre, such as fighting games, real-time strategy, multiplayer online battle arena games, or first-person shooters (FPS). Valorant is an FPS. Advances in technology have now made a new class of information, namely biofeedback, readily available. An example of biofeedback is pupil size, which is an indirect measure of the amount of material under active processing and sympathetic/parasympathetic activity. Eye behavior is considered crucial in FPS games. Relevant research is scarce in this specific …

Femur Stress Fracture - Marathon, Bill Siddiq, Nikolaos Gravvanis, Lisa A. Vicencio, Andreas Stamatis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

HISTORY: During a race, a 35-year-old marathon runner complained of experiencing dull, achy pain in the right groin. After the race, he occasionally experienced radiating pain in the right thigh. The athlete was examined by a general practitioner (GP). During the clinical evaluation, the athlete had no signs of tenderness or swelling. The GP suggested rest and prescribed anti-inflammatory medication.

PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: Ten days later, during training, the athlete felt the same discomfort after a challenging training session. He, then, decided to see an orthopedic physician. At the clinical examination, there was no localized pain. Focal pain was present during …

Sleep, Diet, And Physical Activity During Covid-19: Practitioners Should Be Aware Of Considerable Individual Differences, Thomas Wigger, Hiroki Matsuo, Ryan Mccarthy, Emily Locke, Grant Morgan, Joel Martin, Ali Boolani, Andreas Stamatis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) for prolonged periods of time is related to cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Sleep quality (SQ) can be operationally defined from components, such as sleep efficiency and sleep-onset latency. Diet is operationally defined as the quantity and quality of nutrient intake. CRF, SQ, and diet are related to all-cause mortality. During the COVID-19 health crisis, non-pharmaceutical interventions (curfews, stay-at-home orders) disrupted people’s lifestyles, including sleep, diet, and physical activity (PA). PURPOSE: To analyze MVPA, diet, and SQ trends over time and variations in changes over time during COVID-19. METHODS: PA (in mins/week), diet (via REAP-S), and SQ (via …

Older Adults With Osteoarthritis: Higher Mental Toughness Associated With Greater Improvement In Knee Pain/Functionality, Levi Sochia, Alexandra Spinou, Konstantinos G. Tsigaridis, Hiroki Matsuo, Grant Morgan, Andreas Stamatis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Older adults (the least physically active of all age groups) have a high prevalence of knee pathologies, such as osteoarthritis (OA). Physical activity (PA) is essential for managing OA through its anabolic, lipolytic, and anti-inflammatory effects. Pain and functional limitations can present challenges when performing PA. Mental toughness (MT) is associated with higher success when pursuing exercise/PA goals, but little is known about its role in rehabilitation settings. MT has been primarily researched cross sectionally. MT can be developed. PURPOSE: To examine the relationship between MT and knee pain/functionality via a longitudinal design in older adults with OA who underwent …

Grit Explained 29.4% Of The Variability In Mental Toughness Of Student-Athletes: Perseverance Was Primarily Responsible, Madeline Taylor, Hiroki Matsuo, Grant Morgan, Zacharias Papadakis, Ali Boolani, Andreas Stamatis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Grit is a dispositional concept applied to individuals pursuing a singular objective. Mental toughness (MT) is a state-like concept, crucial when pursuing multiple goals. Although frequently used interchangeably due to commonalities (purposefulness, perseverance), both these conceptually distinct Positive Psychology constructs have been positively associated with athletic performance indicators. PURPOSE: To examine the relationship between grit with MT in a sample of student-athletes. METHODS: The student-athletes (n = 39; female = 29) reported playing one of many sports: football, basketball, golf, volleyball, rowing, acrobatics & tumbling, soccer, baseball, hockey, tennis, track & field, and softball. Grit levels were assessed through …

Barriers To Adopting Lifestyle Behaviors Under The Prism Of Lifestyle Medicine, Janyll Barber, Zacharias Papadakis, Matthew Manierre, Ali Boolani, Andreas Stamatis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

According to the ACSM, lifestyle medicine (LM) is in the top 20 worldwide fitness trends for 2022. The LM pillars of a plant-based diet, physical activity, adequate sleep, stress management, social interactions, and avoidance of risky substances have been proposed as effective strategies for preventing and treating chronic conditions. However, implementing lifestyle behavioral changes to improve noncommunicable chronic disease outcomes has still been problematic. Individuals’ mental and physical status has been suggested as a key component in closing the gap between the intention to adopt a healthy lifestyle and actually adopting that behavior. PURPOSE: To examine the associations of …

Measuring Mental Toughness In Firefighters: Preliminary Results On The Concurrent Validity Of Two Inventories, Peter Beitia, Andreas Stamatis, Zacharias Papadakis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Mental toughness (MT) research is predominantly cross-sectional and based on self-assessment. MT has been consistently positively associated with performance metrics when investigated in stressful and demanding environments, such as sports and tactical. The Sports Mental Toughness Questionnaire (SMTQ) has been used extensively in sports, while the Military Training Mental Toughness Inventory (MTMTI) in the military. In firefighting, MT research is scarce. There is no firefighting-specific MT instrument. Firefighters are considered tactical athletes. PURPOSE: To examine the concurrent validity of SMTQ and MTMTI in firefighters via a repeated-measure design. METHODS: Male firefighters from two departments (n = 14; Age: 29.0 …

Strength Versus Deficit Educational-Based Mental Toughness Interventions On Mental Health Of Female Student-Athletes, Lindsay Guzzetta, Zacharias Papadakis, Grant Morgan, Andreas Stamatis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Educational-based psychological skills training (PST) is effective in terms of Mental Health (MH) outcomes. Mental toughness (MT), a Positive Psychology construct, is positively associated with MH. Sports training emphasizes working on the weaknesses of the athlete. Positive Psychology is rooted in strength-based interventions. In Applied Sports Positive Psychology, where females are underrepresented, the two approaches appear contradictory. PURPOSE: To examine the effects of deficit- versus strength-based MT interventions on MH levels of female collegiate athletes. METHODS: Out of the 161 female athletes of a SUNYAC institution, 95 participated. MH scores were collected via the Mental Health Continuum Short …

Age-Related Changes In Skeletal Muscle Oxygen Utilization: A Review, Maxwell T. Aiken, Sabrina S. Salvatore, Kyle N. Zelenski, Ryan K. Perkins

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The cardiovascular and skeletal muscle systems are intrinsically interconnected, sharing the goal of delivering oxygen to metabolically active tissue. Deficiencies within those systems that affect oxygen delivery to working tissues are a hallmark of advancing age. Oxygen delivery and utilization are reflected as muscle oxygen saturation (SmO₂) and may be assessed using near-infrared resonance spectroscopy (NIRS). PURPOSE: This review is intended to provide an update on the current state of literature regarding age-related effects on SmO₂. Furthermore, we attempt to bridge the gap between SmO₂ and associated underlying mechanisms affected by aging. FINDINGS: SmO …

Determining Validity And Reliability Of Caloric Expenditure Recorded By Wearable Technology While Walking And Running, Bianca C. Weyers, Dustin W. Davis, Nicole R. Vargas, Jorge Perdomo Rodriguez, Elias M. Malek, Katherine V. Carlos, Bryson Carrier, James W. Navalta

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

With growing interest in tracking exercise progress, wearable technology is increasingly popular. While heart rate and step count are typically accurate for consumer-available devices, research from our laboratory indicates that caloric expenditure is not. PURPOSE: The current investigation aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of caloric expenditure in multiple wearable devices during a self-paced walk and run. METHODS: Ten participants were tested (5F, 5M, age = 26.9± 9.43 years, body mass = 72.64± 7.73 kg, height = 168.66± 9.37 cm). Participants were asked to wear 5 devices: 2 Garmin Instinct watches (one on each wrist), 2 Polar Vantage M2 …

Aging Male Runners Show Achilles Tendon Thinning Following A 10k Run While Females Do Not - Pilot Analysis, Annie Smedley, Joshua Sponbeck, Benjamin Smedley, Aaron W. Johnson

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The Achilles tendon experiences large amounts of force while running, which leads to Achilles tendon adaptation. One known Achilles tendon adaptation to running is Achilles tendon thinning. The Achilles tendon thinning response has not been examined at multiple locations of the Achilles tendon and has not been studied in an aging (>50 y) population. PURPOSE: We examined the effect of a 10k run on Achilles tendon cross sectional area in three locations of the Achilles tendon in runners aged 50 years and older. METHODS: Seven runners - three male (age = 73.6 y ±8.2, height = 174.4 …

Resisting Arrest: Analysis Of Different Prone Body Positions On Time To Stand And Engage, Krissy Sanchez, J. Jay Dawes, Mark Stephenson, Robin (Rob) Marc Orr, Robert G. Lockie

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

An isolated police officer executing an arrest can be placed in a dangerous situation should the detainee become non-compliant. Further research is needed to ascertain the position that a detainee can be placed in that takes the longest time for them to rise from the ground, as this can influence the officer’s reaction time to a life-threatening situation. PURPOSE: Determine differences between participants' time from four prone positions to a standing athletic position which would then prepare the participant to engage or run from the officer, similar to what could be seen during an interaction between police and detainees. METHODS: …

Impact Of Meal Planning On Physical Health And Functional Ability, Alejandra Ramirez, Sarah Dunn

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

It is well known that unhealthy nutritional habits as well as poor dietary choices may increase one’s risk of developing hypertension, overweight/obesity, and inflammation which can lead to comorbidities, diseases states or even death. Planning your meals serves a wide purpose that together with nutrition aids in maintaining a healthy body system. Meal planning has been utilized by the individuals in the exercise world to assist in receiving the valuable nutrients needed to help build and maintain a healthy body. However, the curiosity in understanding whether meal planning may impact the functional status of the individuals who do not consistently …

Effects Of Acute Aerobic Exercise On Circulating Stlr And Srage Profiles In Normoglycemic And Insulin-Resistant Individuals, Ryan K. Perkins

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Impaired blood glucose regulation as a consequence of insulin resistance is linked to development of many clinical conditions, including cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer’s, and skeletal muscle wasting via inflammatory processes. Recent evidence suggests circulating solubilized Toll-Like Receptor (sTLR) and Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endproducts (sRAGE) originate from skeletal muscle and are related to glucose management and inflammation. PURPOSE: The purpose of this investigation was to explore 1) relationships among sTLR and sRAGE profiles and indices of metabolic health and 2) sTLR and sRAGE responses to an acute bout of aerobic exercise (AE) in normoglycemic (NG) and insulin-resistant (IR) individuals. We hypothesized …

Concurrent Validity And Reliability Of Average Heart Rate And Energy Expenditure Of Identical Garmin Instinct Watches During Low Intensity Resistance Training, David R. Pearce, Jocelyn M Graffius, Brynlie Ellingford, Bryson Carrier, Charli D. Aguilar, Damian Gil, Mike Torres, Dustin W. Davis, Wesley Zielger, Wyatt Fullmer, Myranda Peck, Nicole R. Vargas, Bianca Weyers, Katherine Carlos, Nathaniel Bodell, Jacob W. Manning, James W. Navalta, Mark Debeliso Phd, Merrill Funk, Marcus M. Lawrence

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

ABSTRACT

Wearable technology and resistance training are two of the top five worldwide fitness trends for 2022 as determined by ACSM. Many devices, such as Garmin’s Instinct, have functions to track various physiological aspects during resistance training. However, to our knowledge, independent verification of the validity and reliability of these devices for estimating average heart rate (HR) and energy expenditure (EE) during resistance training are nonexistent. PURPOSE: To determine the concurrent validity and reliability of identical Garmin Instinct watches during resistance training. METHODS: Twenty subjects (n=10 female and male; age: 23.2±7.7 years; height: 169.7±11.1; weight: 76.3±15.7 kg) completed …

Impact Of Load Carriage On Metabolic Efficiency, Tyson Ngatikaura, Shane Draper, Lily Poulton, Ally Sipple, Tyler Standifird, Andrew Creer

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Load carriage is a crucial detail of long-distance running, especially when it comes to ultra-marathon distances (>26.2 miles). Longer distances require larger loads to carry fluids and nutrition to maintain performance during these events. Running packs fitted close to the torso are the most popular methods for carrying 1-3 L of fluid, additional food, and gear; however, little is known to what extent load mass may impact running performance. PURPOSE: To identify at which point relative load mass (% of body mass) begins to negatively impact submaximal metabolic efficiency. METHODS: To date, 7 active runners (≥3 days/week, ≥16.09 km/week …

Effects Of Time-Restricted Exercise On Training Induced Adaptations In Mice, Graham R. Mcginnis, Michael Dial, Elias M. Malek, Greco Neblina, Austin Cooper

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Recent studies have shown that the time of day that exercise is performed can alter the physiological and molecular response. However, very few studies have investigated the longitudinal effects of time-of-day dependent training. Identification of an optimal exercise timing could lead to subsequent exercise prescriptions to elicit specific adaptations based on desired outcomes in healthy or disease populations.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if voluntary exercise performed at different times of day would alter the physiological response to training. METHODS: Male C57BL/6 mice (Jackson Labs) housed on a strict 12:12 light dark cycle performed …

The Effects Of Alternate Day Modified Fasting On Diet And Weight Loss: A Pilot Study, Dallin Kemp, Bruce Bailey, Landon Deru, Andrew Stevens

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Alternate day fasting has been shown to be an effective strategy for weight loss and improving metabolic health but adherence is challenging. Alternate day modified fasting (ADMF) is an alternative approach that allows for a meal (~25% of calories) to be consumed on the fast day to help make the fasting protocol more sustainable. PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to examine the impact of a 14-day alternate day modified fast on energy intake, macronutrient composition and body composition. METHODS: Forty two participants (24 male/18 female) completed 3 days of baseline testing followed by a 14-day treatment period where …

The Effects Of Alternate-Day Fasting On Sleep In Poor Sleepers, Cameron G. Jacobsen

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Alternate day modified fasting is an intermittent fasting approach that provides an effective strategy for weight loss. While research has shown alternate day modified fasting to be an affective weight loss strategy, less is known about its impact on sleep quality. PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to examine the impact of a 14-day alternate day modified fast on sleep patterns in participants who were classified as ‘poor sleepers.’ METHODS: Forty two participants (24 male/18 female) completed 3 days of baseline testing followed by a 14-day treatment period where they followed a modified alternate day fasting regimen that consisted …