Digital Commons Network^™

A Meta-Analysis Examining The Efficacy Of Flipped Instruction For Stem Academics, Daphne Marie Gricoski

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractImproving education, particularly for the sciences, is an important and necessary endeavor which can lead to positive social change. Education reform tends to involve updating and aligning curriculum standards without considering methodologies or teaching strategies involved. Identifying evidence-based practices to improve achievement in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) will contribute to improving the education system. Flipped classroom instruction is a pedagogical approach that emphasizes student involvement and engagement in the learning process. There is evidence that active learning strategies improve achievement in STEM academic areas. The purpose of this study was to compare traditional lecture teaching methods to the …

Current School District Administrators’ And Math Teachers’ Perspectives Of Teacher Buy-In For Problem-Based Learning In Middle School Math, Kelly Riley Hastings

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Project-Based Learning (PBL) in middle school math classrooms is a topic that has not been well-researched, even though math scores in the United States have been declining. In a school district in the Southcentral United States, the local problem was that teacher buy-in for PBL in middle school math classes was unknown, as current literature regarding administrator and teacher perspectives on teacher buy-in is limited. The purpose of the study was to explore current school district administrators’ and math teachers’ perspectives of teacher buy-in for PBL in middle school math in a Southcentral U.S. state. Vygotsky’s social constructivist theory contributes …

Teacher Perceptions Of The Use Of Cognitively Guided Instruction In Mathematics Classrooms, Irin Sultana

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Elementary teachers in California were tasked to use cognitively guided instruction (CGI) strategies in mathematics classrooms, but it was uncertain if they had the self-efficacy, confidence, resources, and support to do so consistently. The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to investigate K-5 teachers’ perceptions about their self-efficacy and confidence in using CGI strategies in the mathematics classroom and what resources or support they felt needed to implement CGI strategies successfully. Bandura’s social cognitive theory, which emphasizes four sources of self-efficacy, was used for the framework analysis. Research questions supported teachers’ self-efficacy and confidence through research questions- What challenges …

Credit Abuse, Interest Rates, And Loan Performance Of Ten Nigerian Banks, Diala Ugwumba

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractThe ongoing failure in the Nigerian financial system has been a source of concern to the regulatory authorities, stakeholders, depositors, and the banking public because of the role these financial institutions played in the Nigerian economy in the last decade. The root of the problem was credit abuse performed by the bank’s credit officers and executive directors which made it challenging for financial institutions to recover the loans granted by the banks. The issue made investors lose their investments and bankers lose their jobs. The crisis resulted in poor asset quality that eventually eroded the Nigerian financial institution’s capital. Using …

Design Of Simulated Takeover Request Task, Bilal Alam Khan, Maria Chiara Leva, Sam Cromie

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

As the population of older adults is increasing worldwide, it is imperative to accommodate their mobility and hence independence needs in the design of our transport systems. Semi-autonomous vehicles theoretically provide a potential solution to the mobility needs of older adults by supporting them in their driving. However, the technology is not fully matured yet and it still poses issues such as the paradigm of takeover request. This particular scenario may very well cause more problems than it solves. The major issue is that we don’t know how a person above 60 years of age may respond to a Takeover …

Polarized Structure Function ΣLt' From 𝜋⁰P Electroproduction Data In The Resonance Region At 0.2 Gev² < Q² < 1.0 Gev², E. L. Isupov, V. D. Burkert, A. A. Golubenko, K. Joo, N. S. Markov, V. I. Mokeev, L. C. Smith, N. Zachariou, W. R. Armstrong, H. Atac, Et Al

Physics Faculty Publications

The first results on the σ_LT′ structure function in exclusive π⁰p electroproduction at invariant masses of the final state of 1.5GeV < W < 1.8 GeV and in the range of photon virtualities 0.4 GeV² < Q² < 1.0 GeV² were obtained from data on beam spin asymmetries and differential cross sections measured with the CLAS detector at Jefferson Lab. The Legendre moments determined from the σ_LT′ structure function have demonstrated sensitivity to the contributions from the nucleon resonances in the second and third resonance regions. These new data on the beam spin asymmetries in π⁰p electroproduction extend the opportunities for the extraction of the nucleon resonance electro-excitation amplitudes in …

New Measurements Of The Beam-Normal Single Spin Asymmetry In Elastic Electron Scattering Over A Range Of Spin-0 Nuclei, Prex And Crex Collaborations, D. Adhikari, H. Albataineh, D. Androic, F. Hauenstein, M.N.H. Rashad, W. Zhang, J. Zhang, X. Zheng, Et Al.

Physics Faculty Publications

We report precision determinations of the beam-normal single spin asymmetries (A_n) in the elastic scattering of 0.95 and 2.18 GeV electrons off ¹²C, ⁴⁰Ca, ⁴⁸Ca, and ²⁰⁸Pb at very forward angles where the most detailed theoretical calculations have been performed. The first measurements of A_n for ⁴⁰Ca and ⁴⁸Ca are found to be similar to that of ¹²C, consistent with expectations and thus demonstrating the validity of theoretical calculations for nuclei with Z ≤ 20. We also report A_n for ²⁰⁸Pb at two …

Searching For An Enhanced Signal Of The Onset Of Color Transparency In Baryons With D(E,E′P)N Scattering, Shujie Li, Carlos Yero, Jennifer Rittenhouse West, Clare Bennett, Wim Cosyn, Douglas Higinbotham, Misak Sargsian, Holly Szumila-Vance

Physics Faculty Publications

Observation of the onset of color transparency in baryons would provide a new means of studying the nuclear strong force and would be the first clear evidence of baryons transforming into a color-neutral point-like size in the nucleus as predicted by quantum chromodynamics. Recent C (e, e′p) results from electron-scattering did not observe the onset of color transparency (CT) in protons up to spacelike four-momentum transfers squared, Q² = 14.2 GeV ² . The traditional methods of searching for CT in (e, e′p) scattering use heavy targets favoring kinematics with already initially reduced final state interactions (FSIs) such that …

Buckling Behaviour Of Cold-Formed Steel Beams With Web Perforations, Nanting Yu

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Cold-formed steel (CFS) members are widely used in the constructional industry, because CFS has high strength-to-weight ratio and can be easily fabricated into different shapes. In order to accommodate services like electric wires and pipelines, perforations are commonly punched into the web of CFS beams. However, the appearance of web openings may reduce the properties of the cross section and hence change the stress distribution along the longitude axis. As a result, the perforated cold-formed steel (PCFS) beam is more susceptible to lateral-torsional buckling. For specific cross sections controlled by distortional buckling, the restraint of web on the flange weakens …

Machine Learning-Based Exploration Of Blood-Based Biomarkers For Alzheimer’S Disease Diagnosis, Chima Stanley Eke

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with typical clinical symptoms in the form of progressive cognitive impairment and memory loss. To facilitate early diagnosis of AD and a greater understanding of the mechanisms underlying its clinical expression, the use of biomarkers is necessary. Furthermore, it is believed that biomarkers provide a more objective and accessible means of diagnosis. Currently, established biomarkers include neuroimaging markers, such as those based on positron emission tomography (PET), and biochemical markers such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers. However, neuroimaging is expensive and may not be widely available and CSF testing is invasive. Blood-based biomarkers …

Graphene Based Electrochemical Biosensors For The Detection Of Blood Biomarkers Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Jagriti Sethi

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of people around the world with no available treatments to cure, reverse or even slow down the disease progression. Detection of AD in the early stages, before the massive neuronal loss, is key to developing disease-modifying treatments and preventive strategies. The current AD diagnosis is largely based on evaluation tests such as Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), imaging techniques such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), and postmortem autopsies. It is expensive and only available at the later/severe stages when the brain of the patient is already damaged …

The Impact Of A Professional Development Mooc On The Teaching Beliefs Of University Science Laboratory Teachers, Natasa Brouwer, Gunther Fleerackers, Iwona Maciejowska, Claire M. Mcdonnell, Mauro Mocerino

Journal Articles

This study contributes to the understanding of online professional development of university STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) lecturers. An active learning massive open online course (MOOC) to develop best practice in teaching in university science laboratories was developed using the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) model in three cycles. The teaching beliefs and intentions of the participants were determined before and after they completed the MOOC and their level of satisfaction with this professional development opportunity was examined using a survey. The results showed high completion rates and an appreciation of the online course design. Participants who completed …

Electrically Driven Reprogrammable Phase-Change Metasurface Reaching 80% Efficiency, Sajjad Abdollahramezani, Omid Hemmatyar, Mohammad Taghinejad, Hossein Taghinejad, Alex Krasnok, Ali A. Eftekhar, Christian Teichrib, Sanchit Deshmukh, Mostafa A. El-Sayed, Eric Pop, Matthias Wuttig, Andrea Alù, Wenshan Cai, Ali Adibi

Advanced Science Research Center

Phase-change materials (PCMs) offer a compelling platform for active metaoptics, owing to their large index contrast and fast yet stable phase transition attributes. Despite recent advances in phase-change metasurfaces, a fully integrable solution that combines pronounced tuning measures, i.e., efficiency, dynamic range, speed, and power consumption, is still elusive. Here, we demonstrate an in situ electrically driven tunable metasurface by harnessing the full potential of a PCM alloy, Ge₂Sb₂Te₅ (GST), to realize non-volatile, reversible, multilevel, fast, and remarkable optical modulation in the near-infrared spectral range. Such a reprogrammable platform presents a record eleven-fold change in …

D-Lib Magazine Pioneered Web-Based Scholarly Communication, Michael L. Nelson, Herbert Van De Sompel

Computer Science Faculty Publications

The web began with a vision of, as stated by Tim Berners-Lee in 1991, “that much academic information should be freely available to anyone”. For many years, the development of the web and the development of digital libraries and other scholarly communications infrastructure proceeded in tandem. A milestone occurred in July, 1995, when the first issue of D-Lib Magazine was published as an online, HTML-only, open access magazine, serving as the focal point for the then emerging digital library research community. In 2017 it ceased publication, in part due to the maturity of the community it served as well as …

Context-Responsive Learner-Centered Education In A Secondary School, Chukwemeka Michael Enemuoh

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Learner-centered education (LCE) has historically proven difficult to implement in non-Western countries, despite being perceived as synonymous with quality education. Although context-responsive pedagogy has been proposed as the key to successful LCE implementation, the literature on context-responsive pedagogy has not focused on LCE specifically, but on education in general. The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to explore Nigerian teachers’ understanding of context-responsive LCE. The conceptual framework consisted of Fernandes et al.’s curricular contextualization framework and Schweisfurth’s minimum standards for LCE. The research question examined teachers’ perceptions of context-responsive LCE. Participants were 10 teachers in a Nigerian urban secondary …

Interpretable Design Of Reservoir Computing Networks Using Realization Theory, Wei Miao, Vignesh Narayanan, Jr-Shin Li

Publications

The reservoir computing networks (RCNs) have been successfully employed as a tool in learning and complex decision-making tasks. Despite their efficiency and low training cost, practical applications of RCNs rely heavily on empirical design. In this article, we develop an algorithm to design RCNs using the realization theory of linear dynamical systems. In particular, we introduce the notion of α-stable realization and provide an efficient approach to prune the size of a linear RCN without deteriorating the training accuracy. Furthermore, we derive a necessary and sufficient condition on the irreducibility of the number of hidden nodes in linear RCNs based …

Fish And Invertebrate Use Of Restored Vs. Natural Oyster Reefs In A Shallow Temperate Latitude Estuary, Jonathan H. Grabowski, Christopher J. Baillie, Adam Baukus, Rachael Carlyle, F. Joel Fodrie, Rachel K. Gittman, A. Randall Hughes, David L. Kimbro, Juhyung Lee, Hunter S. Lenihan, Sean P. Powers, Kevin Sullivan

University Faculty and Staff Publications

Coastal marine habitats continue to be degraded, thereby compelling largescale restoration in many parts of the world. Whether restored habitats function similarly to natural habitats and fully recover lost ecosystem services is unclear. In estuaries, oyster reefs have been degraded by multiple anthropogenic activities including destructive fishing practices and reduced water quality, motivating restoration to maintain oyster fisheries and other ecosystem services, often at relatively high cost. We compared fish and invertebrate communities on recently restored (0–1 year post-restoration), older restored (3–4 years post-restoration), and natural oyster reefs to determine if and when restored reefs support functionally similar faunal communities. …

Effect Of Duration Of 120 °C Baking On The Performance On Superconducting Radio Frequency Niobium Cavities, B. D. Khanal, P. Dhakal

Physics Faculty Publications

Over the last decade much attention was given in increasing the quality factor of superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities by impurity doping. Prior to the era of doping, the final cavity processing technique to achieve the high accelerating gradient includes the "in situ" low temperature baking of SRF cavities at temperature ~ 120 °C for several hours. Here, we present the results of a series of measurements on 1.3 GHz TESLA shape single-cell cavities with successive low temperature baking at 120 °C up to 96 hours. The experimental data were analyzed with available theory of superconductivity to elucidate the effect …

An Investigation Of Mathematics Self-Efficacy, The Sources Of Mathematics Self-Efficacy, And Mathematics Achievement Among Primary School Students In Trinidad And Tobago, Ronald Sinanan

Dissertations

Purpose of the Study

This dissertation addressed two problems in the literature. Firstly, while many study findings have highlighted the critical role of self-efficacy in students' achievement, additional research was needed about the four hypothesized sources that influence the improvement of students' mathematics self-efficacy. Many studies on self-efficacy sources were conducted with measures not closely tied to social cognitive theory and have not demonstrated sufficient reliability. Using the Sources of Mathematics SelfEfficacy Scale, Usher and Pajares (2009) addressed this problem. They suggested several recommendations for future research (Usher & Pajares, 2008b, 2009), including exploring the validity of their scale in …

Isaac Newton As A Prophetic Interpreter, Kenneth Jørgensen

Dissertations

Throughout his life, Sir Isaac Newton was deeply dedicated to the science of decoding biblical apocalyptic writings. To understand and appreciate Newton's prophetic scheme, it will be advantagous to have a certain grasp of what sources and ideas might have influenced him. No comprehensive study before this one has helped us see Newton from that perspective. A survey of the development of canonical apocalyptic hermeneutic and interpretation, beginning before the time of Christ and ending with Newton, shows that four distinct systems of hermeneutics had developed by that time. Historicism was the earliest and the preferred system among Protestants until …

An Ambitious Vision For The Future Of Scientific Ocean Drilling, Paula Bontempi

Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Efficient Elliptic Curve Operators For Jacobian Coordinates, Wesam Eid, Turki F. Al-Somani, Marius C. Silaghi

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications

The speed up of group operations on elliptic curves is proposed using a new type of projective coordinate representation. These operations are the most common computations in key exchange and encryption for both current and postquantum technology. The boost this improvement brings to computational efficiency impacts not only encryption efforts but also attacks. For maintaining security, the community needs to take note of this development as it may need to operate changes in the key size of various algorithms. Our proposed projective representation can be viewed as a warp on the Jacobian projective coordinates, or as a new operation replacing …

Investigaion Of The Gamma Hurdle Model For A Single Population Mean, Alissa Jacobs

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A common issue in some statistical inference problems is dealing with a high frequency of zeroes in a sample of data. For many distributions such as the gamma, optimal inference procedures do not allow for zeroes to be present. In practice, however, it is natural to observe real data sets where nonnegative distributions would make sense to model but naturally zeroes will occur. One example of this is in the analysis of cost in insurance claim studies. One common approach to deal with the presence of zeroes is using a hurdle model. Most literary work on hurdle models will focus …

Artificially Intelligent Boards And The Future Of Delaware Corporate Law, Christopher Bruner

Scholarly Works

This article argues that the prospects for Artificial Intelligence (AI) to impact corporate law are at once over- and under-stated, focusing on the law of Delaware – the predominant jurisdiction of incorporation for US public companies. Claims that AI systems might displace human directors not only exaggerate AI’s foreseeable technological potential, but ignore doctrinal and institutional impediments intrinsic to Delaware’s competitive model – notably, heavy reliance on nuanced applications of the fiduciary duty of loyalty by a true court of equity. At the same time, however, there are discrete AI applications that might not merely be accommodated by Delaware corporate …

On-Road Vehicle Emission Measurements And Their Use In Evaluating Emission Control Effectiveness {Presentation}, Gary A. Bishop

Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test Publications

No abstract provided.

Monitoring And Modelling The Dynamics Of The Cellular Glycolysis Pathway: A Review And Future Perspectives, Nitin Patil, Hugh Byrne, Orla L. Howe, Paul A. Cahill

Articles

Background

The dynamics of the cellular glycolysis pathway underpin cellular function and dysfunction, and therefore ultimately health, disease, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Evolving our understanding of this fundamental process and its dynamics remains critical.

Scope of review

This paper reviews the medical relevance of glycolytic pathway in depth and explores the current state of the art for monitoring and modelling the dynamics of the process. The future perspectives of label free, vibrational microspectroscopic techniques to overcome the limitations of the current approaches are considered.

Major conclusions

Vibrational microspectroscopic techniques can potentially operate in the niche area of limitations of other …

The In Vitro Effect Of Hypochlorous Acid-Metal Nanoparticles Combination On Salmonellaunder Different Temperature Conditions, Serkan Kemal Büyükünal, Karlo Muratoğlu, Ahmet Koluman

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Hypochlorous acid (HClO) is an excellent surface disinfectant and classified as nonhazardous but maintaining a steady HClO solution is extremely difficult. This study aimed to mix HClO with various metal nanoparticles (NPs) to improve stability. The efficiency of the prepared solutions against Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Enteritidis, Salmonella Dublin, and Salmonella Infantis was assessed using the culture method in five distinct experimental groups at varying temperatures (4 °C, 10 °C, 25 °C, 40 °C, and 50 °C). The type of metal NPs, HClO, and application temperatures utilized in the combined solutions for bacterial decontamination did not result in a significant difference …

Faculty Authors & Achievers Bibliography 2022, Luke Vilelle

WRL: Faculty Authors & Achievers Bibliographies

The office of Academic Affairs and the Wyndham Robertson Library congratulate all Hollins faculty who published or presented creative or scholarly works from Fall 2020 - Summer 2022. These pages include a list of those activities.

Universal Owners, Shareholder Primacy, And Stakeholderism, Daniel Irvin

Emory Business Law Review

The rise of massive asset owners like large pension funds and sovereign wealth funds has created interest in the phenomenon of Universal Owners. The climate crisis, environmental degradation, and worsening inequality have also led to challenges to the current models of corporate governance, with a particular interest on the idea of corporate purpose. This paper fills a gap by addressing the intersection of these two trends, proposing a framework by which Universal Owners should view corporate purpose. I argue that from a returns-maximizing perspective, Universal Owners should prefer a flavor of shareholder primacy that believes the corporation’s purpose is to …

Role Of Prior Knowledge In Timing Of Computer-Generated Feedback, Julie Faye Shirah

Theses and Dissertations--Psychology

Although often helpful, feedback sometimes has neutral or negative effects on learning (Hattie & Timperley, 2007; Kluger & DeNisi, 1996). For example, Fyfe and colleagues have found that the effects of feedback timing are moderated by students’ prior knowledge such that feedback has been useful for students with low prior knowledge, but has mixed effects on students with high prior knowledge (e.g., Fyfe et al., 2012; Fyfe, 2016). In this study, I extended Fyfe’s work by re-conceptualizing prior knowledge as knowledge of more familiar foundational concepts a learner brings to a learning task (Sidney & Alibali, 2017), which can be …