Digital Commons Network^™

(Si10-057) Effect Of Time-Delay On An Sir Type Model For Infectious Diseases With Saturated Treatment, R. P. Gupta, Arun Kumar

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

This study presents the complex dynamics of an SIR epidemic model incorporating a constant time-delay in incidence rate with saturated type of treatment rate. The system is studied to observe the effect of time lag in the asymptotic stability of endemic equilibrium states. We also establish global asymptotic stability of both disease-free and endemic equilibrium states by Lyapunov direct method with the help of suitable Lyapunov functionals. The existences of periodic solutions are ensured for the suitable choice of delay parameter. Finally, we perform numerical simulations supporting the analytical findings as well as to observe the effect of time-delay. The …

Office Of Research, Grants And Sponsored Programs Newsletter, Fall 2022, Lincoln Memorial University, Office Of Research, Grants, And Sponsored Programs

Office of Research, Grants and Sponsored Programs Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Oct2022, Robert Kelly

Robert Kelly Manuscripts

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Covid-19 On Pregnant Women And Newborns: A Review, Bhavesh M. Patel, Deepesh Khanna, Siya Khanna, Vera Hapshy, Pragya Khanna, Payal Kahar, Mayur S. Parmar

HPD Articles

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel coronavirus originated in Wuhan, China, and spread all over the world, causing the worst pandemic of the century. The disease has a broad continuum of clinical presentations, from mild to life-threatening. The virus is highly contagious and transmittable to humans. Emerging evidence of its effects on pregnant women and newborns is inconsistent and ever-evolving. Therefore, the objective of this review is to compile the scientific literature on the effects of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus on pregnancy, pregnant women, and newborns. Data were obtained by several authors using PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Web …

Mechanistic Research Approaches In Music Therapy For Pain: Humanizing And Contextualized Options For Clinician-Researchers, Andrea M. Hunt

College of Performing Arts Departmental Research

No abstract provided.

The Immunologic And Epigenomic Regulation Of Hiv-1 Persistence, Jack A. Collora

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Curing HIV-1 is challenging due to the presence and persistence of CD4+ T cells harboring HIV-1 proviruses. Understanding the epigenetic and transcriptional regulation that enables HIV-1 to persist despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) and immune pressure is critical to counteracting this latent reservoir. A first chapter consists of an edited published review and preview covering a relevant subset of known features of HIV-1 persistence and HIV-1-T cell interaction biology. The remaining three chapters are parallel projects to understand the multifaceted nature of HIV-1: the interrogation and longitudinal tracking of HIV-1 RNA+ cells from infected individuals, the identification HIV-1 silencing host factors …

Identifying Immunological Biomarkers In Massive Public Data, Daniel G. Chawla

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Recent advances in high-throughput experiments and systems biology approaches have resulted in hundreds of publications profiling immune responses to exposures such as pathogens and vaccines. Immune profiling is important for an emerging class of disease diagnostic technologies, as well as for understanding the mechanisms underlying disease pathogenesis and vaccine response. Massive amounts of public data are available for biomarker discovery and mechanistic profiling, including both datasets capturing transcriptional profiles of the immune system as well as published signatures describing changes that occur (e.g., in gene expression or cellular phenotypes) following infection or vaccination. This wealth of public data presents both …

Neoantigen-Driven B Cell And Cd4 T Cell Collaboration Promotes Anti-Tumor Cd8 T Cell Responses In Lung Adenocarcinoma, Can Cui

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, accounting for ~1.8 million deaths annually. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common form of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC; 40% of cases) and is most frequently associated with mutations in KRAS proto-oncogene (30% of cases). Traditionally, therapeutic options for KRAS-mutant LUAD have been limited, but the successful application of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) targeting the PD-1 pathway has changed the therapeutic landscape. The success of PD-1-blockade therapy has also changed the perception that LUAD is a non-immunogenic cancer type because anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment potentiates the function of previously activated T …

The Role And Production Of Gut Food-Specific Immunoglobulin A, Elise Liu

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the predominant antibody isotype in the gut, where it regulates commensal flora and neutralizes toxins and pathogens. The function of food-specific IgA in the gut is unknown but is presumed to protect from food allergy. Specifically, it has been hypothesized that food-specific IgA binds ingested allergens and promotes tolerance by immune exclusion; however, the evidence to support this hypothesis is indirect and mixed. While it is known that healthy adults make gut peanut-specific IgA, it is unclear whether children also have gut peanut-specific IgA. We found that in a cohort of non-food allergic infants (n=112), there …

Impact And Cost-Effectiveness Of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Policies In The United States Uniformed Armed Forces, Noel Dickens

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Background. Virtually all cervical cancers and cases of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) as well as a large proportion of anal, penile, oropharyngeal, vulvar, and vaginal cancers and anogenital warts (AGW). Vaccination with the nonvalent HPV vaccine (9vHPV) is proven to prevent a significant proportion of HPV-associated diseases. Adoption of large-scale HPV vaccination programs by US public institutions requires careful consideration of the cost to benefit ratio of each program through economic evaluations. US Uniformed Armed Forces (USUAF) HPV vaccination policy would benefit from economic evaluations that consider the unique population and institutional characteristics of …

Immunology, Immunopathology, And Immunopharmacology Of Covid-19, Tianyang Mao

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Respiratory viruses represent a continuous and growing threat to humanity. This is exemplified by the ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic, which is caused by a newly emerged coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The immune system provides a formidable barrier to viral pathogens, while dysregulated immunity leads to deleterious infection outcomes. Understanding the involvement of immune responses in viral infections will provide crucial insights into disease pathogenesis and shed light on potential targets for therapeutic interventions. In this thesis, we interrogate the components of the immune response that control SARS-CoV-2 and contribute to its pathogenesis. Based on these insights, we develop distinct immunopharmacological strategies to …

Mainegeneral Hrsa Rcorp Grant Summary, Mary Lindsey Smith Phd, Evelyn Ali Bs, Katharine Knight, Tyler Egeland Ba

Substance Use Research & Evaluation

MaineGeneral received a Rural Communities Opioid Response Program (RCORP) Implementation grant to further the work of the Substance Use Prevention Expanded Recovery (SUPER) Consortium. Over the course of the three-year grant, the SUPER Consortium: (1) expanded harm reduction work, including naloxone distribution, and (2) increased organizational capacity to treat and prevent SUD through education efforts in healthcare organizations, first responder organizations, community organizations, and schools. The Substance Use Research and Evaluation team at the University of Southern Maine’s Catherine Cutler Institute was contracted to evaluate MaineGeneral’s RCORP grant. This grant summary presentation includes data from community outreach and training grant …

European House Borer Regulations, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Biosecurity factsheets

Pinewood movement restrictions

To minimise the spread of EHB in Western Australia (WA), restrictions on the movement of pinewood were implemented in 2006, and currently apply to areas where EHB occurs. By restricting the movement of pinewood from EHB infested areas, EHB has been contained to Restricted Movement Zones (RMZs) in the greater Perth metropolitan area.

The restrictions are described in the Agriculture and Related Resources Protection (European House Borer) Regulations 2006.

The regulations allowed for the establishment of quarantine zones, Priority Management Zones (PMZs) and RMZs, and placed restrictions not only on untreated pinewood movement from PMZs and RMZs …

Factors Influencing Uptake Of Human Papilloma Virus (Hpv) Vaccine Among Parents Of Adolescent Girls, Irene Nzisa Martin

Master of Medicine in Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the most common preventable cancers causing morbidity and mortality in women especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. Three HPV vaccines have been approved for vaccination against HPV globally with Cervarix and Gardasil currently available in Kenya. Despite availability of free HPV vaccination and increased media campaigns the proportion of adolescent girls vaccinated against HPV remains low. Understanding the determinants of HPV vaccine uptake will inform strategies to improve the uptake at Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi. Objectives: The aim was to identify the factors influencing HPV vaccine uptake among parents of adolescent girls. The secondary objective …

Jefferson Digital Commons Quarterly Report: July-September 2022, Anita Lai, Mlis

Jefferson Digital Commons Reports

This quarterly report includes:

• Articles
• CREATE Day Presentations
• Dissertations
• Grand Rounds and Lectures
• JCPH Capstone Presentations
• Journals and Newsletters
• Posters
• Miscellaneous
• What People are Saying About the Jefferson Digital Commons

Global Learning For Health Equity: A Literature Review, Yolanda Ogbolu, Ruth Dudding, Kevin Fiori, Janette North-Kabore, Dana Parke, Rev A. Plum, Sonya Shin, Virginia Rowthorn

Public Health Sciences Articles

BACKGROUND: In high income countries struggling with escalating health care costs and persistent lack of equity, there is growing interest in searching for innovative solutions developed outside national borders, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Engaging with global ideas to apply them to local health equity challenges is becoming increasingly recognized as an approach to shift the health equity landscape in the United States (US) in a significant way. No single name or set of practices yet defines the process of identifying LMIC interventions for adaptation; implementing interventions in high-income countries (HIC) settings; or evaluating the implementation of such …

Dna Methylation Testing With S5 For Triage Of High-Risk Hpv Positive Women, Rachael Adcock, Belinda Nedjai, Attila T. Lorincz, Dorota Scibior-Bentkowska, Rawinder Banwait, Norah Torrez-Martinez, Michael Robertson, Jack Cuzick, Cosette M. Wheeler

Pathology Research and Scholarship

Methylation of host and viral genes is promising for triage of women with high-risk human papillomavirus infections (hrHPV). Using a population-based sample of hrHPV positive women with cervical biopsies within 12 months after cervical screening, the clinical value of the S5 methylation classifier (S5), HPV genotyping and cytology were compared as potential triage tests, for outcomes of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 3 or greater (CIN3+), CIN2+ and CIN2, and the area under the curve (AUC) calculated. S5 scores increased with histopathology severity (P

Essential Emergency And Critical Care: A Priority For Health Systems Globally, Dabota Yvonne Buowari, Christian Owoo, Lalit Gupta, Carl Otto Shell, Tim Baker, Eecc Network Group

Pathology Research and Scholarship

Critical illness is a state of ill health with vital organ dysfunction, a high risk of imminent death if care is not provided, and the potential for reversibility. An estimated 45 million adults become critically ill each year. While some are treated in emergency departments or intensive care units, most are cared for in general hospital wards. We outline a priority for health systems globally: the first-tier care that all critically ill patients should receive in all parts of all hospitals: Essential Emergency and Critical Care. We describe its relation to other specialties and care and opportunities for implementation.

Critical Care Pandemic Preparation: Considerations And Lessons Learned From Covid-19, Mervyn Mer, Diptesh Aryal, Nathan D. Nielsen, Ary Serpa Neto, Bhavna Seth, Madiha Raees, Martin W. Dunser, Kristina E. Rudd

Pathology Research and Scholarship

Pandemics, increases in disease incidence that affect multiple regions of the world, present huge challenges to health care systems and in particular to policymakers, public health authorities, clinicians, and all health care workers (HCWs). The recent COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in millions of severely ill patients, many of whom who have required hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) admission. The discipline of critical care is a vital and integral component of pandemic preparedness. Safe and effective critical care has the potential to improve outcomes, motivate individuals to seek timely medical attention, and attenuate the devastating sequelae of a severe pandemic. …

Stewardship Opportunities For Cervical Lymphadenitis And Deep Neck Space Infections, Aaron Shaw, Brian R. Lee, Lauren Kazmaier, Emily Baker, Tina Dao, Sandra Arnold, Angela Myers

Posters

Background: Cervical lymphadenitis (LAD) and deep neck space abscesses (DNSA) are common pediatric infections caused by similar bacteria. We sought to determine differences in presentation, diagnosis, and treatment between LAD and DNSA to identify antimicrobial and diagnostic stewardship opportunities. Methods: Charts were obtained using ICD9/10 codes for retropharyngeal and parapharyngeal abscessed (DNSA), and LAD between 1/1/10-12/31/20 from two pediatric centers. 1981 charts were identified. Charts were excluded if the diagnosis was not a bacterial infection (e.g. Kawasaki disease), if the LAD was not in the neck, or if caused by less common bacteria (e.g. tuberculosis). Data on presenting signs, symptoms, …

2022-October-01-Asm Regional Conference At Etsu, University Marketing And Communication, East Tennessee State University

ETSU News

JOHNSON CITY – East Tennessee State University will host the American Society for Microbiology (ASM) Fall Regional In-Person Conference on Friday and Saturday, Oct. 21-22.

The conference will be hosted by the university’s ASM student chapter and the Department of Health Sciences in the College of Public Health. Funding is provided by the national and Kentucky/Tennessee regional ASM organizations, as well as a grant from the Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU). Additional sponsorship is provided by the College of Public Health and its Department of Environmental Health, the Department of Biomedical Sciences in Quillen College of Medicine, …

How Spirituality Intensifies Sustainability: A Case Study Of Ananda Valley In Northern Portugal, Mia Handler

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

The religious affiliations of citizens in the West are currently shifting away from the fundamentalist, traditional structures of the past towards more alternative spiritualities. Furthermore, as a result of the climate crisis, ecovillages are becoming increasingly popular. Ecovillages are intentional, “sustainable” communities that seek to reduce consumption, live in harmony with nature, and create strong social bonds. They are characterized by varying levels of spiritual involvement (Greenberg, 2014, p. 274). As such, the objective of this paper is to study the relationship between spirituality and environmentally-friendly practices and attitudes, using the ecovillage Ananda Valley – an Ananda Marga Master Unit …

Nsu Md Research Link - Fall 2022 - Volume 2.3, Nova Southeastern University

NSU Florida Link Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Social Influences On Physical Activity For Establishing Criteria Leading To Exercise Persistence, Ensela Mema, Everett S. Spain, Corby K. Martin, James O. Hill, R. Drew Sayer, Howard D. Mcinvale, Lee A. Evans, Nicholas H. Gist, Alexander D. Borowsky, Diana M. Thomas

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Despite well-documented health benefits from exercise, a study on national trends in achieving the recommended minutes of physical activity guidelines has not improved since the guidelines were published in 2008. Peer interactions have been identified as a critical factor for increasing a population’s physical activity. The objective of this study is for establishing criteria for social influences on physical activity for establishing criteria that lead to exercise persistence. A system of differential equations was developed that projects exercise trends over time. The system includes both social and non-social influences that impact changes in physical activity habits and establishes quantitative conditions …

A Descriptive Analysis Of Remote Work Adoption In The United States, Paul A. Hill, Amanda D. Ali, Lendel K. Narine, Debra M. Spielmaker

Journal of Human Sciences and Extension

Advances in information and communications technology have enabled organizations to shift traditional work functions away from place or where work is accomplished to how work is accomplished (i.e., task facilitation). With the rise in remote work, there was a need to describe the adoption process by organizations in the United States. Given that the practice of remote work is considered an innovation, this quantitative study was guided by the theory of Diffusion of Innovations and followed a nonexperimental design with a correlational analysis, collecting cross-sectional data from a sample of organizational leaders in the United States (N = 1,259). Results …

Low-Dose Immune Tolerance Induction In Children With Severe Hemophilia A With High-Titer Inhibitors: Type Of Factor 8 Mutation And Outcomes, Jie Sun, Zekun Li, Gang Li, Kun Huang, Di Ai, Guoqing Liu, Wanru Yao, Xingjuan Xie, Hao Gu, Yingzi Zhen, Zhenping Chen, Runhui Wu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: No studies evaluated the role of

OBJECTIVES: To explore the association between

METHODS: Children SHA with high-titer inhibitors who received low-dose ITI therapy at least for 1 year were included in this study. Based on the risk of inhibitor development,

RESULTS: Of 104 children included, 101 had

CONCLUSIONS: Types of

Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Autoantibody-Associated Glomerulonephritis As A Possible Side Effect Of Covid-19 Vaccination., Edva Noel, Urmiya Rashid, Rizwan Rabbani, Waqas Ahmad Khan, Yves-Smith Benjamin, Iris Lee

Internal Medicine Resident Research

Vaccination is the principal tool aimed at curbing the COVID-19 pandemic that has, so far, affected tens of millions of individuals in the United States. The two available mRNA vaccines developed by Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna possess high efficacy in preventing infection and illness severity. However, there are multiple side effects associated with these vaccines, some impacting different organs. Renal pathology is variable, with increasing cases of glomerulonephritis being observed. We report a rare acute kidney injury case due to antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-mediated glomerulonephritis after administering a second dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Aggravation and/or development of autoimmunity …

Glutathione And Glutaredoxin In Redox Regulation And Cell Signaling Of The Lens, Marjorie F. Lou

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The ocular lens has a very high content of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) and the enzymes that can recycle its oxidized form, glutathione disulfide (GSSG), for further use. It can be synthesized in the lens and, in part, transported from the neighboring anterior aqueous humor and posterior vitreous body. GSH is known to protect the thiols of the structural lens crystallin proteins from oxidation by reactive oxygen species (ROS) so the lens can maintain its transparency for proper visual function. Age-related lens opacity or senile cataract is the major visual impairment in the general population, and its cause is closely …

The Environmental, Social, Governance (Esg) Debate Emerges From The Soil Of Climate Denial, Lawrence J. Trautman, Neal Newman

Faculty Scholarship

It has been almost six decades since Rachel Carson’s ominous warning of pending environmental disaster. During 2019 the United Nations requested urgent action from world leaders, given that “just over a decade is all that remains to stop irreversible damage from climate change.” With every passing year, damage resulting from destructive climate change causes increased pain, suffering, death and massive property loss. During 2020 and 2021 alone, severe weather events have included: destructive fires in California; record breaking freeze, power outage, and threat to the electrical grid in Texas; continuation of disruptive drought in U.S. Western states; and record-breaking high …

Challenges, Opportunities, And Adaptations Of A College Preparatory 4-H Youth Development Program During Covid-19, Emily M. Davis, Ann Sansing, Jasmine Harris-Speight, Mary Nelson Robertson, David Buys

Journal of Youth Development

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has proliferated across the United States, and in the process, it has disrupted all sense of normalcy. Because adolescents are in a critical period for growth and development, youth are particularly susceptible to negative impacts of disruption from COVID-19. Therefore, sustaining youth development programs is essential to ensuring positive youth development occurs despite significant challenges. Unfortunately, the implementation of programs that maintain safety precautions can be challenging. Many programs have been forced to either cancel all activities or to transition program elements to a virtual format. Rural Medical and Science Scholars (RMSS) program administrative staff made the decision …