Digital Commons Network^™

Ethical Obligation For Research Universities To Expand Access To Essential Medicines, Sarah Jordan Reif, Madeline Chung

The International Journal of Ethical Leadership

No abstract provided.

Bacterial Diseases Of Tilapia, Their Zoonotic Potential And Risk Of Antimicrobial Resistance, Olga L. M. Haenen, Ha Thanh Dong, Truong Dinh Hoai, Margaret Crumlish, Iddya Karunasagar, Timothy Barkham, Swaine L. Chen, Ruth Zadoks, Andreas Kiermeier, Bing Wang, Esther Garrido Gamarro, Masami Takeuchi, Mohammad Noor Amal Azma, Belén Fouz, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Zeng Wei Wei, Melba G. Bondad-Reantaso

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Tilapia culture is an important source of income and nutrition to many rural families. Since 2000, the production of tilapia increased and reached domestic and global markets. Major farmed species is Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), in earthen ponds and cage cultures. Intensification contributed to global tilapia disease outbreaks, with bacterial infections causing mortalities and morbidities, threatening sustainable production. At tilapia farms, high nutrient concentrations, water temperature and fish densities enhance bacterial growth including virulent bacterial clones and potential zoonotic bacteria. Global warming favours this. This review respectively provides a comprehensive overview of the most common and emerging bacterial …

We Are ... Marshall, August 10, 2022, Office Of Marshall University Communications

We Are ... Marshall: the Newsletter for Marshall University 1999-2023

No abstract provided.

Regulation Of T Cell Activation By The Cd5 Co-Receptor And Altered Peptides, Characterization Of Thymidine Kinase-Specific Antibodies, And Integrating Genomics Education In Society, Kiara Vaden Whitley

Theses and Dissertations

Helper T cells (Th) are a vital component of the immune system responsible for directing other immune cells to eliminate pathogens and cancer. Specifically, Th cells facilitate B cell and cytotoxic T cell (Tc) activation and recruitment and enhance their function against cancer and infectious diseases. Th cells are a valuable resource for improving Tc responses in cancer treatment and have become a focus of immunotherapeutic research. While it is increasingly clear that helper T cells serve an important role, the details about which entities produce an effective Th cell response remain unclear. CD5 is a T cell co-receptor that …

Human Mobility, Hospitality, And Tourism Industries: A Perspective On Catastrophes, Asif Hussain

Journal of Sustainability and Resilience

The coronavirus outbreak has resulted in a significant reduction in peoples’ movements, migration and trade at both local and global levels. Lockdowns and travel restrictions all over the world have led to a rapid retrenchment of the world’s hospitality and tourism sector. This is not new. Historically, catastrophes impacted human mobility. Drawing from the historical connections between catastrophes, especially health crises, this paper highlights the impacts of catastrophes on the hospitality and tourism industries. This research shows that the relationship between pandemic and tourism is turbulent, and it explores the implications of the current health crisis for the travel industry …

The Effects Of A Brief Educational Intervention On Covid-19 Knowledge, Beliefs, And Intention To Get Vaccinated In Black And Hispanic Populations, Nicole Natalie Small Bs, Nga Nguyen Ms, Alba Calzada, Belen Villanueva Ba, Lorna Mcneill Phd, Mph

Summer Experience 2022

No abstract provided.

Studying The Physical And Biological Characteristics Of Denture Base Resin Pmma Reinforced With Zro2 And Tio2 Nanoparticles, Fatin A. Asim, Entessar H.A. Al-Mosaweb, Wafaa A. Hussain

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) suffers from poor mechanical properties that limit its application in the bio-medical field. In this study, PMMA was reinforced with zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanopar-ticles; subsequently, the hardness, porosity, biocompatibility, bacterial adhesion, and colonization of the reinforced PMMA with various oxide nanoparticles were characterized. The results of this study indicated that reinforced material inhibits bacterial growth and decreases bacterial adhesion by decreasing porosity and increasing PMMA hardness. Based on the findings, 3 wt% PMMA-ZrO2 and 3 wt% PMMA-ZrO2 -TiO2 composites significantly inhibited bacterial growth and adherence while maintaining hemolysis PT and INR and enhancing …

Financial Implications Of The Eu Emission Trading System: An Analysis Of Wavelet Coherence And Volatility Spillovers, Pietro De Ponti, Matteo Romagnoli

Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei Working Papers

We study the European Union’s Emission Trading System (EU ETS) from a financial perspective. Using ARMA-eGARCH filtered volatilities, we first discuss the evolution of the volatility of EU ETS allowances’ returns from 2008 to 2021. Second, we study the degree of co-movement and interdependence between the EU ETS returns’ volatility and those of 37 large companies in industries subject to the System; to this end, we employ Wavelet Coherence and Volatility Spillovers Analyses. Despite spotting seasons of co-movement between volatilities in the markets under consideration, the market performances of the companies in our sample are not particularly responsive to the …

2022-08-09_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/stats/coronavirus-symptoms. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated twice a week on Mondays and Thursdays.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 216 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (139 Emergency Departments (ED), 77 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, …

Rana, Matthews Receive R01 To Help End The Hiv Epidemic In Alabama, Adam Pope

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Covid-19 Newsletter (Vol. 131), Center For Disaster Medicine, New York Medical College

COVID-19 Newsletter

No abstract provided.

The Prevalence Of Pulmonary Aspergillosis In Coronavirus Disease 19 (Covid-19) Patients In Shebin El-Kom Teaching Hospital In Egypt, Asmaa M. Soliman, Elham T. Awad, Mariam A. Fouad

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background A high rate of invasive fungal infection has been demonstrated among critically COVID-19 ill patients admitted to the ICU, with high odds of mortality. Simple and rapid risk stratification methods are mandatory to recognize severe patients. Objectives The aims was to study the prevalence of invasive fungal infection in Corona virus disease 19 (COVID-19) patients, the effect of some inflammatory markers that lead to the development and progression of invasive fungal infection and to assess the value of PCR in early and rapid detection of invasive fungal infection in immune compromised patients with COVID-19. Methods This study was conducted …

Evaluation The Role Of Conventional And Xpert Mtb/Rif Assays As Point-Of-Care Tests Of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infections, Especially During The Covid-19 Pandemic In Menoufia, Egypt, Asmaa M. Soliman, Elham T. Awad, Mariam A. Fouad, Moatz M. Elhefnay

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a destructive pulmonary disease, which was the most fatal infectious disease in the world for many years before the COVID-19 outbreak. During pandemic, COVID-19 was the main concern in every clinic and there were overlapping respiratory diseases resulting in delaying of the diagnosis and treatment of TB. Xpert MTB/RIF assay and Ziehl–Neelsen (ZN) stain are the most commonly used point-of-care test (POCT) assays for TB that were endorsed by WHO allowing a quick treatment turnaround time of a few minutes or hours, hence avoiding patient loss to follow-up. The aim of the study was to evaluate …

Assessing The Functional Impacts Of Acquired Syphilis In Industrial England, Cassandra Marie Seda Degaglia

Theses and Dissertations

This work identifies and describes pathological skeletal changes associated with and attributable to acquired syphilis and which potentially caused functional impairment within eleven skeletal individuals recovered from five industrial-era London cemeteries. In eight (72.73%), functional impairment was likely or very likely, based on type and distribution of lesions across their skeleton. These impairments likely impacted the individuals’ ability to engage in various forms of physical activity, potentially limiting their economic potential. These results expand our still highly limited understanding of syphilis’s functional impacts within past populations, especially within industrial-era societies, querying longstanding characterizations of tertiary gummatous involvement as benign, while …

Backyard Grower-Consumer Perceptions Of Rabbit Meat Consumption In Rural Mississippi, Mildred Elizabeth Murphree

Theses and Dissertations

Every country in the world is affected by one or more forms of malnutrition. Malnutrition includes three conditions: undernutrition, micronutrient deficiencies or excesses, or overnutrition. Obesity is a greater contributor to death than undernutrition. Age, sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and education level affect obesity. The rates of obesity vary considerably between states and regions of the country. The state of Mississippi is ranked as the poorest state in the nation and Mississippi has the highest adult obesity rate at 40.8% (Farberman & Kelley, 2020).

Rabbit meat production and consumption is a possible solution to malnutrition worldwide (Petrescu & Petrescu-Mag, 2018). …

Substance P Receptor Antagonism Enhances Chemotherapeutic Responses In Triple Negative Breast Cancer, Viviana Villalobos, Prema Robinson Phd

Summer Experience 2022

No abstract provided.

A Decade Review Of Disease Surveillance Research Trends In The International Journal Of Health Geographics (2009 To 2018), Rose Jimenez, Paradorn Wongchanapai

Publications and Research

The field of health geographics is rapidly growing in its methods and epistemologies. This is a review of the open-source journal International Journal of Health Geographics, and the trends in disease surveillance over ten years (2009-2018). Drawing from research review methodologies, we wrote a Python script to quantify research trends within the field of geographic disease surveillance, finding many articles focusing on population health, techniques of GIS, qualitative techniques, and geospatial technology for health monitoring. This was foundational in conducting an in-depth qualitative lexical analysis of article content and epistemologies. Overall, we concluded that over the time period, the …

Regional Research-Practice-Policy Partnerships In Response To Climate-Related Disparities: Promoting Health Equity In The Pacific, Lawrence A. Palinkas, Meaghan O’Donnell, Susan Kemp, Jemaima Tiatia, Yvonette Duque, Michael Spencer, Rupa Basu, Kristine Idda Del Rosario, Kristin Diemer, Bonifacio Doma, David Forbes, Kari Gibson, Joshua Graff-Zivin, Bruce M. Harris, Nicola Hawley, Jill Johnston, Fay Lauraya, Nora Elizabeth F. Maniquiz, Jay Marlowe, Gordon C. Mccord, Imogen Nicholls, Smitha Rao, Angela Kim Saunders, Salvatore Sortino, Benjamin F. Springgate, David Takeuchi, Janette Ugsang, Vivien Villaverde

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Although climate change poses a threat to health and well-being globally, a regional approach to addressing climate-related health equity may be more suitable, appropriate, and appealing to under-resourced communities and countries. In support of this argument, this commentary describes an approach by a network of researchers, practitioners, and policymakers dedicated to promoting climate-related health equity in Small Island Developing States and low- and middle-income countries in the Pacific. We identify three primary sets of needs related to developing a regional capacity to address physical and mental health disparities through research, training, and assistance in policy and practice implementation: (1) limited …

Markers Of Fungal Translocation Are Elevated During Post-Acute Sequelae Of Sars-Cov-2 And Induce Nf-Κb Signaling, Leila B. Giron, Michael J. Peluso, Jianyi Ding, Grace Kenny, Netanel F. Zilberstein, Jane Koshy, Kai Ying Hong, Heather Rasmussen, Gregory E. Miller, Faraz Bishehsari, Robert A. Balk, James N. Moy, Rebecca Hoh, Scott Lu, Aaron R. Goldman, Hsin Yao Tang, Brandon C. Yee, Ahmed Chenna, John W. Winslow, Christos J. Petropoulos, J. Daniel Kelly, Haimanot Wasse, Jeffrey N. Martin, Qin Liu, Ali Keshavarzian, Alan Landay, Steven G. Deeks, Timothy J. Henrich, Mohamed Abdel-Mohsen

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Long COVID, a type of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC), has been associated with sustained elevated levels of immune activation and inflammation. However, the mechanisms that drive this inflammation remain unknown. Inflammation during acute coronavirus disease 2019 could be exacerbated by microbial translocation (from the gut and/or lung) to blood. Whether microbial translocation contributes to inflammation during PASC is unknown. We did not observe a significant elevation in plasma markers of bacterial translocation during PASC. However, we observed higher levels of fungal translocation - measured as β-glucan, a fungal cell wall polysaccharide - in the plasma of individuals experiencing PASC …

Qualitative Interviews To Understand Health Care Providers’ Experiences Of Prescribing Licensed Peanut Oral Immunotherapy, Aikaterini Anagnostou, Claire Lawrence, Stephen A Tilles, Susan Laubach, Sarah M Donelson, Mohamed Yassine, Anna Nowak-Wegrzyn

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: This research sought to explore health care providers' (HCPs) experiences of delivering the first US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Commission (EC) approved peanut oral immunotherapy (peanut OIT; Palforzia). Semi-structured qualitative interviews with HCPs who had initiated treatment with ≥ 3 patients in the first nine months following FDA approval sought to identify challenges faced and successful implementation strategies.

RESULTS: Eight allergists and three nurse practitioners from eight sites based in the United States participated. The HCPs included in this research were motivated to implement this novel treatment, however, entered the process with some reservations. HCPs described …

Emancipatory Nursing Praxis: Applying The Social Justice Theory To Implement Harm Reduction In Prison Substance Use Disorder, Veronica A. Holmes

Theoretical Foundation in Advanced Practice Nursing

The United States has the highest rate of incarceration in the world. Inmates suffer from chronic health conditions and substance use disorder (SUD) at a higher rate than the rest of the population yet, often do not receive sufficient medical care during incarceration. The theory of Emancipatory Nursing Praxis (ENP) calls for the integration of social justice within the profession of nursing. This theory provides a framework in which nurses can awaken and serve as agents of change, working to ameliorate issues of systemic oppression. Harm reduction refers to policies, programs, and strategies aimed at reducing the negative health, economic, …

Organizational Effectiveness Of Rabies Division Of South Carolina Dhec, Camden Daniel Sasfai

Honors Theses

There are two types of rabies, known as furious and paralytic, that are both spread mostly through saliva of wild or domesticated animals via scratches and bites. Both types can ultimately result in death of the human victim, yet both are vaccine-preventable diseases. Transmission of the rabies disease to humans is usually found following a deep bite or scratch from an infected animal, and transmission to humans by rabid dogs accounts for up to 99% of human infection cases, though bats are now an increasing source of human death due to rabies as well. Surprisingly enough, human deaths following exposure …

Sequencing The Guts Out Of Covid-19; The Evolution Behind The Covid-19 Pandemic, Madelyn Purnell

Undergraduate Honors Theses

The global COVID-19 pandemic has led to an urgent need for scalable methods for clinical diagnostics and tracking of virus variants. In this paper, we attempted a novel method of sequencing using Large Reverse Transcriptase-based cloning (LRTC). Although our methodology ended up not working due to high amount and fast degradation of RNA, we were able to sequence multiple variants of COVID-19 Positive samples from the BYU Student Health Center and 4 sewage samples to check for variant outbreaks in corresponding times. We were able to find several corresponding variants and track the progression of mutation in our local population.

Nursing Burnout During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Noreen Rizvi

Theoretical Foundation in Advanced Practice Nursing

Nursing burnout continues to rise as the COVID-19 pandemic amplifies environmental stressors in the workplace. This paper explores the application of Callista Roy's adaptation model in preventing nursing burnout during the pandemic using four modes of adaptation: rolefunction, interdependence, physiological/physical, and self-concept or group identity. The presented solution to alleviate nursing burnout examines the implementation of Roy's adaptation model through proposed resiliency initiatives, leadership and management modifications, and state legislature regulation. These interventions aim to reduce anxiety, moral distress, and compassion fatigue, along with increasing support for nurses.

Information And Communication Technology (Ict) Tools For Dissemination Of Covid19 Information: A Usage Analysis Among Information Professionals In Kwara State, Kabiru Gambari Sulaiman, Qudus Ajibola Bankole

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The paper examined the information and communication technology (ICT) tools for dissemination of covid19 information: a usage analysis among information professionals in Kwara state. The descriptive survey design was adopted. The population of the study comprised of 120 information professionals in Kwara State. Four (4) research questions guided this study. The total enumerative sampling technique was used, and questionnaire was used to collect data for this study. Data was analyzed with descriptive statistics such as simple percentages, frequency count, mean and standard deviation. The findings revealed that most of the information professional use ICT tools for dissemination of covid-19 information …

Facilitators For Retaining Men Who Have Sex With Men In Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Care In Real World Clinic Settings Within The United States, Brooke G Rogers, R R Patel, K Curoe, A Underwood, J Villalobos, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) can significantly reduce HIV acquisition especially among communities with high HIV prevalence, including men who have sex with men (MSM). Much research has been finding suboptimal PrEP persistence; however, few studies examine factors that enhance PrEP persistence in real-world settings.

METHODS: We interviewed 33 patients who identified as MSM at three different PrEP clinics in three regions of the U.S. (Northeast, South, Midwest). Participants were eligible if they took PrEP and had been retained in care for a minimum of 6 months. Interviews explored social, structural, clinic-level and behavioral factors that influencing PrEP persistence.

RESULTS: Through …

Covid-19 And Ubuntu Disruptions: Curbing The Violence Against Women And Girls With Disabilities Through African Women’S Theology Of Disability, Sinenhlanhla S. Chisale

Journal of International Women's Studies

The COVID-19 restrictions that require the lockdown of public and economic activities heighten the levels of sexual and gender-based violence against women and girls with disabilities. As the COVID-19 pandemic spreads across the globe, particularly in Africa, women and girls with disabilities become vulnerable to sexual and gender-based violence, highlighting that the home is no longer a safe space for the vulnerable. The restrictions have eroded the community structures that are promoted by Ubuntu to protect vulnerable community members from violence and different forms of abuse. This article grapples with the question of African women’s theology of disability and Ubuntu …

Depiction Of Women’S Oppression And Gender-Based Domestic Violence Against Girls In Tsitsi Dangarembga’S Nervous Conditions, Benon Tugume

Journal of International Women's Studies

This article examines women’s oppression and gender-based domestic violence against girls in Tsitsi Dangarembga’s Nervous Conditions (1988). The novel is set between two families in the Shona community of Zimbabwe. The focus is on women’s entrapment in the institution of marriage and gender-based violence inflicted on girls by male patriarchs to force them to bow down to patriarchal authority. Tambudzai, the main narrator and protagonist tells a story of how her mother, Ma’ Shingayi (a peasant housewife), and her uncle’s wife, Maiguru, (a teacher with a Master’s degree) get entrapped in the marriage institution where they have no voice, how …

The Covid-19 Pandemic In South Asia: A Comprehensive Review Of The Genomic Variations, Epidemiological Features, Diagnosis, Treatment And Preventive Schemes, Abdullah Al Noman, Jannatul Efte Ekra, Rima Islam Meem, Sujan Islam, Fariha Sharzana, Shofiqul Islam, Samiron Sana, Masnoon Kabir, Niaz Mahmud, Abdullah Al Mahedi, Taufique Joarder

Journal of Health Research

Background: The purpose of the study was to outline the genomic and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in South Asian countries as well as the diagnosis, treatments, and prevention approaches undertaken by these countries to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: We searched electronic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus as well as various national and international COVID-19 websites, WHO databases, and electronic media. 63 articles were included from databases and 34 articles from various other sources.

Results: Scientists observed genomic variations including common mutations in ORF1ab, ORF1a, ORF3a, and S genes, while several unique mutations exist in most isolates …

Improving Knowledge, Attitude, And Compliance Of Hand Hygiene Of Iranian Healthcare Workers: A Pilot Study Using Reminder Card, Zahra Chegini, Ifeoluwapo Kolawole, Prashant Singh, Farzaneh Alikhah, Yalda Rasti, Zahra Motazedi

Journal of Health Research

Background: Compliance rate of hand hygiene practice by healthcare workers has been observed to be universally low despite its importance, simplicity and cost-effectiveness in preventing the spread of infectious diseases in the healthcare settings. This study aimed to improve healthcare workers’ knowledge, attitudes, and compliance with hand hygiene by using reminder cards displayed by patients.

Method: This before-after interventional study was carried out in 2019 among healthcare workers of a hospital in Tabriz, Iran. The intervention was a ‘Reminder Card’ showed by patients to remind healthcare workers to clean their hands. Participants' knowledge and attitude about hand hygiene and …