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2022

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Sro Roles And Teacher Behavioral Intervention Strategies: An Analysis On Behavioral Approaches And Student Suspensions., Ivan Benitez Dec 2022

Sro Roles And Teacher Behavioral Intervention Strategies: An Analysis On Behavioral Approaches And Student Suspensions., Ivan Benitez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Recently there have been nationwide calls for schools to end their contracts with local police departments in efforts to remove school resource officers (SROs) due to their criminalizing effect on students. Aiming towards racial equity in safety and discipline, advocates have suggested re-envisioning discipline through a restorative lens to minimize student harm. One approach which has been promising in student outcomes are behavioral intervention strategies. The current study contributes to the literature by examining the direct effects of SRO roles and teacher behavioral intervention strategies on student suspensions. Using factor analysis, I found three SRO roles: law enforcement officer, mentor, …

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Reaching Syrians In Need: An Analysis Of Humanitarian Aid In The 21st Century., James Clark Dec 2022

Reaching Syrians In Need: An Analysis Of Humanitarian Aid In The 21st Century., James Clark

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this dissertation is two-fold. One is to critically consider humanitarian aid delivery to and through Syria via a lens that combines the humanities and social sciences. The fields of anthropology, political science and postcolonialism are employed to accomplish this. The second is to investigate the process involved in this delivery amid the country’s ongoing conflict. Combining these two facets provides a view of humanitarian aid as it relates to the conflict in Syria while applying a liberal arts-humanities approach. The introduction establishes the basis to discuss the existence of aid providers and those in need of aid …

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Bayesian Methods For Graphical Models With Neighborhood Selection., Sagnik Bhadury Dec 2022

Bayesian Methods For Graphical Models With Neighborhood Selection., Sagnik Bhadury

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Graphical models determine associations between variables through the notion of conditional independence. Gaussian graphical models are a widely used class of such models, where the relationships are formalized by non-null entries of the precision matrix. However, in high-dimensional cases, covariance estimates are typically unstable. Moreover, it is natural to expect only a few significant associations to be present in many realistic applications. This necessitates the injection of sparsity techniques into the estimation method. Classical frequentist methods, like GLASSO, use penalization techniques for this purpose. Fully Bayesian methods, on the contrary, are slow because they require iteratively sampling over a quadratic …

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Rehabilitation Length Of Stay In Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury Paraplegia., Sahal Alzahrani Dec 2022

Rehabilitation Length Of Stay In Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury Paraplegia., Sahal Alzahrani

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) is associated with functional and physical limitations as well as psychological challenges. Rehabilitation care is crucial to SCI individuals’ overall health. It is recommended that individuals with SCI receive an intensive and early rehabilitation care to improve their health and avoid medical complications. Hospitals and rehabilitation facilities use length of stay (LOS) as a proxy to quantify rehabilitation care and a measure for quality of care. Objectives: This dissertation has three aims: 1) to identify factors associated with rehabilitation LOS in paraplegia populations, 2) to examine trends of inpatients rehabilitation LOS in SCI paraplegia between …

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The Role Of Mri In Diagnosing Autism: A Machine Learning Perspective., Yaser Elnakieb Dec 2022

The Role Of Mri In Diagnosing Autism: A Machine Learning Perspective., Yaser Elnakieb

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

There is approximately 1 in every 44 children in the United States suffers from autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a disorder characterized by social and behavioral impairments. Communication difficulties, interpersonal difficulties, and behavioral difficulties are the top common symptoms. Even though symptoms can begin as early as infancy, it may take multiple visits to a pediatric specialist before an accurate diagnosis can be made. In addition, the diagnosis can be subjective, and different specialists may give different scores. There is a growing body of research suggesting differences in brain development and/or environmental and/or genetic factors contribute to autism development, but scientists …

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The Impact Of Volatile Organic Compound Exposure On Subclinical Biomarkers Of Cardiovascular Injury., Breandon Taylor Dec 2022

The Impact Of Volatile Organic Compound Exposure On Subclinical Biomarkers Of Cardiovascular Injury., Breandon Taylor

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Pollution has been identified as the leading environmental cause of non-communicable disease and premature deaths globally. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are gaseous chemical constituents of pollution derived from a variety of sources, including industrial solvents and byproducts, automobile exhaust, tobacco smoke, cleaning supplies, and personal care products. VOCs are also abundant at various Superfund and Hazardous Waste Sites. Emerging data suggest that VOC exposure is associated with several adverse health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). VOCs and their metabolites can potentially damage the endothelial lining of blood vessels, resulting in perturbed vascular function and vascular inflammation. We hypothesize that VOC …

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Investigation Of Human N-Acetyltransferases (Nat1 And Nat2) Genetic Polymorphisms In Susceptibility To Aromatic Amine And Alkylaniline Genotoxicity., Mariam Habil Dec 2022

Investigation Of Human N-Acetyltransferases (Nat1 And Nat2) Genetic Polymorphisms In Susceptibility To Aromatic Amine And Alkylaniline Genotoxicity., Mariam Habil

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Arylamine N-acetyltransferases, NAT1 and NAT2, catalyze the detoxification and/or activation of carcinogens. Single nucleotide polymorphisms or SNPs result in different human NAT1 and NAT2 genotypes. We hypothesize that different NATs alleles will impact levels of N-acetylation, HPRT mutations, DNA damage and oxidative stress induced by carcinogens. NER-deficient Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells transfected with human CYP1A2 and NAT1*4, NAT1*14B, NAT2*4, NAT2*5B or NAT2*7B have been used to investigate N-acetylation of benzidine, β-naphthylamine (BNA), and 4, 4’-methylene bis (2-chloroaniline) (MOCA) as aromatic amines and 3,4-dimethylaniline (3,4-DMA) as one of alkylanilines and their associated toxicity. Our …

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A New Direction For Public Understanding Of Science: Toward A Participant-Centered Model Of Science Engagement., Christopher Rickels Dec 2022

A New Direction For Public Understanding Of Science: Toward A Participant-Centered Model Of Science Engagement., Christopher Rickels

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Engaging the public with science is not an easy task. When presented, scientific findings, public health recommendations, and other scientific information filter through the personal values, beliefs, and biases of members of the public. Science communicators must contend with these differences in order to be effective in cultivating a public understanding of science. Given the importance of scientific understanding for living well in a complex world, increasing science understanding through science engagement is imperative. The field of public engagement with science is dichotomized by a public information deficit approach and a contextualist approach. The deficit approach prizes the factual content …

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Metabolic Foundations Of Exercise-Induced Cardiac Growth., Kyle Fulghum Dec 2022

Metabolic Foundations Of Exercise-Induced Cardiac Growth., Kyle Fulghum

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Regular aerobic exercise promotes physiological cardiac growth, which is an adaptive response thought to enable the heart to meet higher physical demands. Cardiac growth involves coordination of catabolic and anabolic activities to support ATP generation, macromolecule biosynthesis, and myocyte hypertrophy. Although previous studies suggest that exercise-induced reductions in cardiac glycolysis are critical for physiological myocyte hypertrophy, it remains unclear how exercise influences the many interlinked pathways of metabolism that support adaptive remodeling of the heart. In this thesis project, we tested the general hypothesis that aerobic exercise promotes physiological cardiac growth by coordinating myocardial metabolism to promote glucose-supported anabolic pathway …

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The Impact Of Pegylation On Cellular Uptake And In Vivo Biodistribution Of Gold Nanoparticle Mri Contrast Agents., Nagwa El-Baz Dec 2022

The Impact Of Pegylation On Cellular Uptake And In Vivo Biodistribution Of Gold Nanoparticle Mri Contrast Agents., Nagwa El-Baz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have become a pivotal platform for the delivery of pharmaceutical and diagnostic agents as well as for general therapeutic purposes. Despite their potential for use in biomedicine, their interaction with serum proteins is crucial as it could change their biological profile due to the formation of a protein corona, which can affect their delivery to target tissues in the body. Grafting the GNPs with polyethylene glycol (PEG) is widely used in research to decrease opsonization of the particles by serum proteins and decrease the uptake by the reticuloendothelial system. Here in this dissertation, we have developed a …

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Age-Related Differences In The Relationship Between Activity Familiarity And Well-Being., S. Kelly Shryock Dec 2022

Age-Related Differences In The Relationship Between Activity Familiarity And Well-Being., S. Kelly Shryock

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background and Objectives: This study explored age-related differences in the relationship between activity novelty/familiarity and well-being, conceptualized within theories including Selection, Optimization, and Compensation (SOC), Self-Determination Theory (SDT), and Socioemotional Selectivity Theory (SST). For all ages, participation in activities has been shown to enhance well-being. Known mediators of this relationship include psychological, physical, and psychosocial benefits. It is less clear what types of experiences are optimal across the lifespan. Research Design and Methods: A online cross-sectional, correlational study (N= 200) was conducted. Measures included demographic data, ratings of three self-identified recent activities, three activity choices of familiar or …

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Teachers' Perceptions Of Professional Development And Pedagogical Practice: A Study Of A Kentucky Suburban School District., Rachelle Bramlage-Schomburg Dec 2022

Teachers' Perceptions Of Professional Development And Pedagogical Practice: A Study Of A Kentucky Suburban School District., Rachelle Bramlage-Schomburg

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Professional development supports teacher growth and enhances pedagogical practice. Teachers in Kentucky must complete annual professional development hours and districts must develop a professional development plan tied to research that supports high-quality professional development. This qualitative case study takes place in a rural district, Bullitt County, where I investigated the teachers’ perception of a customized professional development, Thinking Focus Cohort (TFC), and its impact on their pedagogical practice. While a body of research exists on high quality professional development, there is a lack of research on the effectiveness of it, in particular a year-long cohort model with curriculum centered around …

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A Mixed Methods Assessment Of Menstrual Hygiene Management And School Attendance Among Schoolgirls In Edo State, Nigeria., Madeline Tomlinson Dec 2022

A Mixed Methods Assessment Of Menstrual Hygiene Management And School Attendance Among Schoolgirls In Edo State, Nigeria., Madeline Tomlinson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Menstrual hygiene in lower-middle-income countries (LMICs) is limited and has been linked to many health, educational and social effects. However, the prevalence, details, and impact of menstrual hygiene management have not been well characterized in rural and peri-urban settings across Nigeria. The overall purpose of this research was to investigate menstrual hygiene management (MHM) among adolescent schoolgirls in peri-urban areas of Edo State, Nigeria; and to determine the educational consequences associated with poor MHM. MHM was measured using previously validated questions that were adapted after a formative assessment of MHM within the Edo State community. We used a mixed methods …

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Investigating The Income Academic Achievement Gap: An Exploration Of The Roles Of Mindfulness And Self-Concept Clarity In Low-Income College Students., Natalie Burke Dec 2022

Investigating The Income Academic Achievement Gap: An Exploration Of The Roles Of Mindfulness And Self-Concept Clarity In Low-Income College Students., Natalie Burke

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of the current study was to examine whether linguistic patterns previously associated with trait mindfulness and self-concept clarity in low-income college students’ application essays are associated with academic performance and psychosocial variables. The aims of the study were as follows: 1) Explore relations between linguistic markers that have been previously associated with higher mindfulness/self-concept clarity and GPA and 2) Explore relations between linguistic markers that have been previously associated with higher mindfulness/self-concept clarity and anxiety/depression. Participants were 54 undergraduate students in the Cardinal Covenant program (a scholarship program for students from low-income families) who began college in the …

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Self-Regulation In Young School-Aged Children With Williams Syndrome., Holley Arnold Dec 2022

Self-Regulation In Young School-Aged Children With Williams Syndrome., Holley Arnold

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

My dissertation included two manuscripts which broadly focused on the self-regulation abilities of young school-aged children with Williams syndrome (WS), a rare neurodevelopmental disorder. Children with WS often exhibit mild to moderate intellectual disability (Kozel et al., 2021), impairments in behavioral and emotional regulation (Greiner de Magalhães et al., 2022), low effortful control (Leyfer et al., 2012), and deficits in adaptive skills (Brawn & Porter, 2018). In the first manuscript, the performance of children with WS on a gift-wrap delay of gratification task was characterized. In the second manuscript, the concurrent effects of the ability to regulate emotions, the ability …

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Defining The Impact Of Clinically Modeled Hindlimb Stretching, Exercise, & Inactivity On Functional Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury., Greta Cesarz Dec 2022

Defining The Impact Of Clinically Modeled Hindlimb Stretching, Exercise, & Inactivity On Functional Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury., Greta Cesarz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating, life altering event that affects approximately 282,000 Americans. The most obvious side effect of SCI is paralysis due to damage to the spinal cord that disrupts ascending and descending pathways as well as central pattern generating circuitry. In addition to paralysis, patients suffer from other debilitating side effects including altered cardiovascular function, autonomic dysreflexia, neuropathic pain, spasticity, and contractures. In contrast to humans, rodents display spontaneous locomotor recovery following incomplete SCI due to in-cage activity/training. Previously, our laboratory has studied the effect of lack of in-cage training by utilizing custom designed rodent wheelchairs. …

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Cadence And Range Of Motion Modulate Pedal Force In A Rat Model Of Motorized Cycling After Spinal Cord Injury., Gregory States Dec 2022

Cadence And Range Of Motion Modulate Pedal Force In A Rat Model Of Motorized Cycling After Spinal Cord Injury., Gregory States

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Motorized cycling (MC) can be utilized post-spinal cord injury (SCI) in patients who lack the strength and/or stability to participate in traditional physical exercise interventions. MC has been applied with the goal of improving locomotor function or cardiovascular health in both human and animal models of SCI. However, a discrepancy exists between the results of human and animal studies of MC, particularly regarding cardiovascular outcomes. Despite the abundance of studies in both humans and animals, the mechanism behind the improvements in cardiovascular function following MC are poorly understood. We posited that increased venous return during MC is likely due to …

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Iot In Smart Communities, Technologies And Applications., Muhammad Zaigham Abbas Shah Syed Dec 2022

Iot In Smart Communities, Technologies And Applications., Muhammad Zaigham Abbas Shah Syed

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Internet of Things is a system that integrates different devices and technologies, removing the necessity of human intervention. This enables the capacity of having smart (or smarter) cities around the world. By hosting different technologies and allowing interactions between them, the internet of things has spearheaded the development of smart city systems for sustainable living, increased comfort and productivity for citizens. The Internet of Things (IoT) for Smart Cities has many different domains and draws upon various underlying systems for its operation, in this work, we provide a holistic coverage of the Internet of Things in Smart Cities by discussing …

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Language Ideologies And Racialization Of Language: Multilingual Learners' Experiences In The First Year In A Community College., Yohimar Sivira Gonzalez Dec 2022

Language Ideologies And Racialization Of Language: Multilingual Learners' Experiences In The First Year In A Community College., Yohimar Sivira Gonzalez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Community colleges have become key sites for preparing diverse and immigrant students for the transition to the workforce and four-year institutions. Yet, despite the recent growths of Multilingual Learners in community colleges, few studies focus on how students experience the first year in college after completing their ESL programs and their relations with instructors and how instructors perceive and interact with students institutionally classified as English as a Second Language (ESL) students. I use theories of language ideologies and racialization of language to understand multilingual learners’ experiences in the first year of college and how interaction with instructors shaped those …

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Stigma Described By Attempt Survivors With Diverse Gender And Sexual Identities In Their Suicide Stories: A Hermeneutic Phenomenological Dissertation., Sara Williams Dec 2022

Stigma Described By Attempt Survivors With Diverse Gender And Sexual Identities In Their Suicide Stories: A Hermeneutic Phenomenological Dissertation., Sara Williams

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Suicide is a profoundly impactful issue across societies. Gender and sexually diverse (GSD) populations exhibit rates of suicidal ideation and behavior far greater than those of cisgender heterosexual populations. Stigma impacts health outcomes among GSD populations through stress exposure and response processes. Compound stigma is experienced when individuals occupy positions in multiple stigmatized identity groups and can have multiplicative effects on adverse outcomes. Further, opportunities for positive social support and resilience building may be limited due to the narrow convergence of stigmatized identity groups. Stigma among GSD suicide attempt survivors (GSDAS) is an important phenomenon to explore in order to …

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Changing Public Perception Of Dementia: The Effect And Credibility Of Three Informational Models., Diana Hedrick Dec 2022

Changing Public Perception Of Dementia: The Effect And Credibility Of Three Informational Models., Diana Hedrick

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: Since the 1970s, Alzheimer’s disease and dementia have been portrayed in a medicalized, symptom-focused manner to help spread awareness, improve diagnosis, and push for treatment research. In recent decades, there has been movement towards a biopsychosocial, person-centered approach that considers social and psychological factors that interact with biological diseases processes. Common biopsychosocial approaches retain an emphasis on deficits and symptoms. New research has integrated positive psychology constructs and dementia. This integration of positive psychology principles and dementia care and research has the potential to more accurately capture the experience of having dementia. Objectives: This dissertation tested how the portrayal …

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Alpha, Beta-Unsaturated Aldehydes: The Underrepresented Markers Of Disease., Saurin Sutaria Dec 2022

Alpha, Beta-Unsaturated Aldehydes: The Underrepresented Markers Of Disease., Saurin Sutaria

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acids is a widely recognized metabolic process that creates a complex mixture of volatile organic compounds including aldehydes. Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species in cancer cells promote random lipid peroxidation, which leads to an increase in a variety of aldehydes. Many of these volatile aldehydes are exhaled and are of interest as potential markers of disease. Chapter 1 presents a review of reported aldehydes in the exhaled breath of lung cancer patients. alpha,beta-Unsaturated aldehydes, detected primarily when derivatized during exhaled breath preconcentration, are underreported in the reviewed articles. Chapter 1 concludes with our hypothesis …

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Diy Cell Incubator, Hayden James Jeanor Dec 2022

Diy Cell Incubator, Hayden James Jeanor

Electrical Engineering

The purpose of creating a cell Incubator is for the development of cell and tissue production in laboratory settings. Large scale research projects and the medical community grow cells for various reasons, including experiments and creating tissue for patients. However, they cannot simply depend on growing cells in a petri dish that sit on a rack at room temperature. To grow heathy cells in the fastest way possible, they use cell incubators. Cell incubators create an atmosphere within the incubation bay that is designed to promote cell growth. The three main components that need to be constantly regulated, using a …

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Fridge/Freezer Temperature And Power Wireless Alert System, Peter M. Nelson Dec 2022

Fridge/Freezer Temperature And Power Wireless Alert System, Peter M. Nelson

Electrical Engineering

In this document is a design, build, and application of a new system to help reduce the problem of lost or tainted samples and experiments held in fridges and freezers.

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Guitar Note Analyzer - Picking Patterns & Scales, Tamara Lynn Houalla Dec 2022

Guitar Note Analyzer - Picking Patterns & Scales, Tamara Lynn Houalla

Electrical Engineering

The Guitar Note Analyzer helps beginner-to-intermediate guitar players advance their playing skills. The project detects the successive picks of guitar strings in real time at a rate of two notes per second. The device detects the frequency of notes played within the range of 50Hz – 1.5KHz. The hardware – microphone sensor, amplification circuitry, and microcontroller - is secured inside the sound hole of the user’s guitar. The hardware extends out of the guitar and connects to the user’s laptop via a USB cable. This allows relevant information to be displayed live to the user on their monitor, and to …

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Business Information Security Officer (Biso) Responsibilities And Role Development, Kaung Myat Thu, Hudda Siddique Dec 2022

Business Information Security Officer (Biso) Responsibilities And Role Development, Kaung Myat Thu, Hudda Siddique

Publications and Research

In today's interconnected world, the success of enterprises heavily relies on network connectivity and technology. To safeguard sensitive information from cyber threats and ensure business success, the role of Information Security has become critical. This research project focuses on the Business Information Security Officer (BISO) role, studying their responsibilities, strategies, and how they handle threats. We explore the knowledge and skills required for BISOs, including certifications such as ISC² CISSP, ISACA CRISC, CISM, and CompTIA Security+. By contributing to the maturity of the BISO role, this study aims to enhance information security in organizations.

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The Production And Destiny Of Public Space In An American City: Examining The Emergence And Disruption Of Brooklyn City Hall Square, Jason Montgomery Dec 2022

The Production And Destiny Of Public Space In An American City: Examining The Emergence And Disruption Of Brooklyn City Hall Square, Jason Montgomery

Publications and Research

Urban form should reflect collective value for place in communities. Urban squares in particular have the potential to serve as the nucleus of communities, urban artefacts that link place to memory and heritage while serving basic needs for everyday life in the city. Civic squares, those linked to governmental institutions, have further potential to facilitate community gatherings for memorialisation, commemoration, celebration and political action. Despite these important functions and potential, the incremental planning of Brooklyn in the early nineteenth century placed little emphasis on squares of any kind, despite the community’s expressed desires. Brooklyn’s first civic square, here referred to …

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"The Lady Took Me To The End Of The World!": The Life Of Mrs. N.A. Courtright., Marcus Walker Dec 2022

"The Lady Took Me To The End Of The World!": The Life Of Mrs. N.A. Courtright., Marcus Walker

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Nellie Almee Courtright was the first female to earn a law degree from the University of Louisville School of Law, but she had an accomplished career before -- and even after -- she stepped foot into a law classroom. This is the account of a woman who made her own way in the world, and made life better for hundreds in doing so.

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Liability For Public Deception: Linking Fossil Fuel Disinformation To Climate Damages, Jessica A. Wentz, Benjamin Franta Dec 2022

Liability For Public Deception: Linking Fossil Fuel Disinformation To Climate Damages, Jessica A. Wentz, Benjamin Franta

Sabin Center for Climate Change Law

Over two dozen U.S. states and municipalities have filed lawsuits against fossil fuel companies, seeking abatement orders and compensation for climate damages based on theories such as public nuisance, negligence, and failure to warn, and alleging these companies knew about the dangers of their products, intentionally concealed those dangers, created doubt about climate science, and undermined public support for climate action. This Article examines how tort plaintiffs can establish a causal nexus between public deception and damages, drawing from past litigation, particularly claims filed against manufacturers for misleading the public about the risks of tobacco, lead paint, and opioids. A …

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Qatar Foreign Policy In Middle East Conflict Mediation, Kresna Kusumawijaya, Yon Machmudi Dec 2022

Qatar Foreign Policy In Middle East Conflict Mediation, Kresna Kusumawijaya, Yon Machmudi

Journal Of Middle East and Islamic Studies

Qatar's role as a regional mediator allowed it to emerge even further into global politics and it’s a step toward creating its own evolving independent political persona. As a mediator, Qatar has left its choices open to develop diplomatic relations with non-state actors and countries that have controversies in the Middle East. This research uses a case study approach to explore information about several foreign policies carried out by Qatar against countries and non-state actors in the Middle East. The results of this study show that Qatar, with its rationality, weighs the benefits for the personal interests of the state. …

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