Digital Commons Network^™

A Pathway To Protect The Privacy Of Domestic Abuse Survivors In Washington, Bisma Shoaib

Seattle Journal for Social Justice

No abstract provided.

Predictors Of E-Cigarette Initiation And Use Among Middle School Youth In A Low-Income Predominantly Hispanic Community, M Yvonne Gaddy, Denise Vasquez, Louis D Brown

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: E-cigarette use among middle and high school youth increased from 2. 5 million in 2014 to 9.2 million in 2019, becoming the most common tobacco product used among youth. Hispanic youth, the largest ethnic minority in the United States, have higher rates of tobacco use, including e-cigarettes, than non-Hispanics. Identifying factors that put youth at risk for future e-cigarette use is vital to focusing prevention efforts. Informed by social cognitive theory, this study identifies predictors of e-cigarette uptake among e-cigarette naïve youth in a predominantly low-income Hispanic community.

Methods: 1,249 students (6-8th grades) from two middle schools in El …

Assessing Effectiveness Of A Person-Centered Group Anc-Pnc Model Among First-Time Young Mothers And Their Partners For Improving Quality And Use Of Mnch-Fp Services, Sharif M.I. Hossain, Shongkour Roy, Sigma Ainul, Abdullah Al Mahmud Shohag, A.T.M. Rezaul Karim, Ubaidur Rob

Sexual and Reproductive Health, Rights, and Choices

This baseline report is part of an operations research project “Healthy Women, Healthy Families (HWHF): Shustha Ma, Shustha Poribar” led by Management Sciences for Health (MSH) in partnership with BRAC, SCOPE, and the Population Council. The project aims to improve quality and increase utilization of maternal, newborn, and child health (MNCH) and family planning (FP) services and information for young mothers-to-be, first-time mothers (FTMs) aged 15-24, and their partners in the urban municipality of Tongi, Gazipur District, Bangladesh, through a group antenatal care ANC-PNC approach. The objectives of this study are to establish baseline values of selected HWHF project …

Community Directed Approaches To Promote Uptake Of Sulfadoxine Pyrimethamine For Intermittent Preventive Treatment Of Malaria In Pregnancy: Baseline Findings From Kisumu And Migori Counties, Dennis Matanda, Wilson Liambila, Beth Kangwana

Sexual and Reproductive Health, Rights, and Choices

During pregnancy, malaria has a devastating impact on health outcomes for mothers and infants. Uptake of Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine (SP) for intermittent preventive treatment of malaria during pregnancy (IPTp) is a safe and clinically proven medical intervention for the prevention of malaria in pregnancy (MiP). Despite Kenya’s adoption of this intervention in its national policies and guidelines, uptake of IPTp for MiP has been persistently low. To realize effective coverage of IPTp, the Population Council, Kenya in collaboration with Kisumu Medical and Education Trust (KMET) and County Governments, is implementing the Revive IPTp project in Kisumu and Migori counties. The project seeks …

Barriers And Facilitators To Implementation Of The Accountable Health Communities (Ahc) Model: Findings From A Between-Site Qualitative Assessment Of Implementation Strategies, Linda Highfield, Gayla M Ferguson, Jennifer Holcomb

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: A multitude of HRSN interventions are undergoing testing in the U.S., with the CMS Accountable Health Communities (AHC) Model as the largest. HRSN interventions typically include screening for social needs, referral to community resources, and patient navigation to ensure needs are met. There is currently a paucity of evidence on implementation of HRSN interventions. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) is a determinant framework widely used to plan and assess implementation. to the authors knowledge, there are no published studies assessing CFIR constructs for HRSN intervention implementation in the U.S. In the Assessment step of the Strengthening Peer …

A Pilot Study Of Total Personal Exposure To Volatile Organic Compounds Among Hispanic Female Domestic Cleaners, Kelly Oyer-Peterson, David Gimeno Ruiz De Porras, Inkyu Han, George L Delclos, Edward G Brooks, Masoud Afshar, Kristina W Whitworth

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Cleaners have an elevated risk for the development or exacerbation of asthma and other respiratory conditions, possibly due to exposure to cleaning products containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) leading to inflammation and oxidative stress. This pilot study aimed to quantify total personal exposure to VOCs and to assess biomarkers of inflammation and pulmonary oxidative stress in 15 predominantly Hispanic women working as domestic cleaners in San Antonio, Texas, between November 2019 and July 2020. In partnership with a community organization, Domésticas Unidas, recruited women were invited to attend a training session where they were provided 3M 3500 passive organic vapor …

Racial Disparities In Treatments And Mortality Among A Large Population-Based Cohort Of Older Men And Women With Colorectal Cancer, Xianglin L Du, Lulu Song

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: There were racial disparities in treatment and mortality among patients with colorectal cancer, but few studies incorporated information on hypertension and diabetes and their treatment status.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study identified 101,250 patients from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare linked database in the United States who were diagnosed with colorectal cancer at age ≥65 years between 2007 and 2015 with follow-up to December 2016.

RESULTS: There were substantial racial and ethnic disparities in the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes in patients with colorectal cancer, in receiving chemotherapy and radiation therapy, and in receiving antihypertensive and antidiabetic treatment. …

Risk Of Developing Alzheimer's Disease And Related Dementias In Allhat Trial Participants Receiving Diuretic, Ace-Inhibitor, Or Calcium-Channel Blocker With 18 Years Of Follow-Up, Xianglin L Du, Lara M Simpson, Mikala C Osani, Jose-Miguel Yama, Barry R Davis

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: There is no any large randomized clinical trial of antihypertensive drug treatment with 18-year passive follow-up to examine the risk of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) or Related Dementias (ADRD).

METHODS: Post-trial passive follow-up study of Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT) participants in 1994-1998 by linking with their Medicare claims data through 2017 among 17,158 subjects in 567 U.S. centers who were free of ADRD at baseline on January 1, 1999. Main outcome was the occurrence of ADRD over 18 years of follow-up.

RESULTS: The 18-year cumulative incidence rates were 30.9% for AD, 59.2% for non-AD …

Master Of Laws (Ll.M.) 2022 (Brochure), University Of Georgia School Of Law

LL.M. Program

No abstract provided.

Comorbidities, Health-Related Quality Of Life, Health-Care Utilization In Older Persons With Hemophilia-Hematology Utilization Group Study Part Vii (Hugs Vii), Randall Curtis, Marilyn Manco-Johnson, Barbara A Konkle, Roshni Kulkarni, Joanne Wu, Judith R Baker, Megan Ullman, Duc Quang Tran, Michael B Nichol

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: We compare the impact of hemophilia on comorbidities, joint problems, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and health-care utilization between two age groups: 40-49 years and ≥50 years.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: The HUGS VII study recruited persons with hemophilia A or B age ≥40 years. Participants completed surveys to collect data on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, hemophilia treatment regimen, pain, joint problems, comorbidities, HRQoL, depression and anxiety, at baseline and 6-months later. Clinical chart reviews documented hemophilic severity and treatment.

RESULTS: The sample includes 69 males, 65.2% aged ≥50 years, 75.4% with hemophilia A. Individuals ≥50 years were more likely …

Associations Between Physical Activity And Alcohol Consumption In Rural Cancer Survivors, Scherezade K Mama, Natalia I Heredia, Hannah Johnston, David E Conroy

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Rural adults and cancer survivors are more likely to be physically inactive and exceed recommendations for alcohol use. Physical activity and alcohol use are positively associated in adults and cancer survivors but associations between physical activity and alcohol use in rural cancer survivors is unknown. This cross-sectional study explored associations between physical activity, sitting time, and alcohol use in rural cancer survivors.

METHODS: Cancer survivors residing in central Pennsylvania were recruited to the Partnering to Prevent and Control Cancer (PPCC) study and completed mailed questionnaires assessing physical activity (low, moderate, high), sitting time (≥6 hours/day), and alcohol use (0 …

Trends And Correlates Of Breakthrough Infections With Sars-Cov-2, Jose-Miguel Yamal, Savitri Appana, Mengxi Wang, Luis Leon-Novelo, Eric Bakota, Yuanqing Ye, Shreela Sharma, Alanna C Morrison, Dritana Marko, Stephen H Linder, Alison Rector, Katelyn K Jetelina, Eric Boerwinkle, Marcia De Oliveira Otto

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) delta variant has been hypothesized to decrease the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines. Factors associated with infections with SARS-CoV-2 after vaccination are unknown. In this observational cohort study, we examined two groups in Harris County, Texas: (1) individuals with positive Nucleic Acid Amplification test between 12/14/2020 and 9/30/2021 and (2) the subset of individuals fully vaccinated in the same time period. Infected individuals were classified as a breakthrough if their infection occurred 14 days after their vaccination had been completed. Among fully vaccinated individuals, demographic and vaccine factors associated with breakthrough infections were …

Blood Metabolites Predicting Mild Cognitive Impairment In The Study Of Latinos-Investigation Of Neurocognitive Aging (Hchs/So), Shan He, Einat Granot-Hershkovitz, Ying Zhang, Jan Bressler, Wassim Tarraf, Bing Yu, Tianyi Huang, Donglin Zeng, Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller, Melissa Lamar, Martha Daviglus, Maria J Marquine, Jianwen Cai, Thomas Mosley, Robert Kaplan, Eric Boerwinkle, Myriam Fornage, Charles Decarli, Bruce Kristal, Hector M Gonzalez, Tamar Sofer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Blood metabolomics-based biomarkers may be useful to predict measures of neurocognitive aging.

METHODS: We tested the association between 707 blood metabolites measured in 1451 participants from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and global cognitive change assessed 7 years later. We further used Lasso penalized regression to construct a metabolomics risk score (MRS) that predicts MCI, potentially identifying a different set of metabolites than those discovered in individual-metabolite analysis.

RESULTS: We identified 20 metabolites predicting prevalent MCI and/or global cognitive change. Six of them were novel and 14 were previously reported as …

Using Implementation Mapping For The Adoption And Implementation Of Target:Bp In Community Health Centers, Melissa A Valerio-Shewmaker, Natalia I Heredia, Catherine Pulicken, Patenne D Mathews, Roshanda Chenier, Tracy L Swoboda, Ella R Garza, Fernanda Velasco-Huerta, Maria E Fernandez

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Despite the availability of multilevel evidence-based interventions for blood pressure management, poor hypertension control is common among community health center patient populations across the state of Texas and the United States.

METHODS: We used Implementation Mapping (IM) to identify barriers and facilitators influencing the adoption and implementation of the

RESULTS: As part of the needs and capacity assessment, we collected data through interviews with CHC staff, examining gaps in needs and services (e.g., what do clinics need to implement

DISCUSSION: This paper provides an example of using Implementation Mapping to develop strategies to increase the adoption and implementation of …

Incidence Rate Of Psychiatric Disorders In 2020: The Pivotal Role Played By Sars-Cov-2 Infection, Antonio L Teixeira, Regina M Hansen, Joseph S Wozny, Caroline M Schaefer, Rodrigo Machado-Vieira, Lokesh Shahani, Scott D Lane, Jair C Soares, Trudy M Krause

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted mental health outcomes. While the frequency of anxiety and depressive symptoms has increased in the whole population, the relationship between COVID-19 and new psychiatric diagnoses remains unclear.

OBJECTIVE: to compare the population incidence rate of emergence of de novo psychiatric disorders in 2020 compared to the previous years, and to compare the incidence rate of new psychiatric disorder diagnoses between people with vs without COVID-19.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This study utilized administrative claims data from the Clinformatics® Data Mart database, licensed from Optum®. The study is a cross-sectional analysis that …

Population-Based Correlates Of Covid-19 Infection: An Analysis From The Dfw Covid-19 Prevalence Study, Amit G Singal, Andrew Masica, Kate Esselink, Caitlin C Murphy, Jill A Dever, Annika Reczek, Matthew Bensen, Nicole Mack, Ellen Stutts, Jamie L Ridenhour, Evan Galt, Jordan Brainerd, Noa Kopplin, Sruthi Yekkaluri, Chris Rubio, Shelby Anderson, Kathryn Jan, Natalie Whitworth, Jacqueline Wagner, Stephen Allen, Alagar R Muthukumar, Jasmin Tiro

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 has resulted in over 1 million deaths in the U.S. as of June 2022, with continued surges after vaccine availability. Information on related attitudes and behaviors are needed to inform public health strategies. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of COVID-19, risk factors of infection, and related attitudes and behaviors in a racially, ethnically, and socioeconomically diverse urban population.

METHODS: The DFW COVID-19 Prevalence Study Protocol 1 was conducted from July 2020 to March 2021 on a randomly selected sample of adults aged 18-89 years, living in Dallas or Tarrant Counties, Texas. Participants were asked to complete a …

Economic Burden Of Hospitalization On Parents Of Children Inpatient For Surgery: A Systematic Review Protocol, Edlin Glane Mathias Ms

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Introduction: Hospitalization and surgery is a stressful period for the parents and the family. Families those children are undergoing surgery are faced with financial burden of direct and indirect costs.

Objective: To systematically analyse the available evidence on the economic burden of hospitalization among parents of children inpatient for surgery.

Methods and analysis: This systematic review protocol is developed based on “The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols” (PRISMA-P) guidelines. A comprehensive electronic bibliographic search will be conducted in MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), CINAHL (Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature), ProQuest, …

Using Korematsu In Law School Orientation And Introduction To Law Courses, Lorraine Bannai

Using Korematsu to Teach Across the Law School Curriculum

No abstract provided.

Using Korematsu In A Civil Procedure Course, Lorraine Bannai, Margaret Chon, Eric K. Yamamoto

Using Korematsu to Teach Across the Law School Curriculum

No abstract provided.

Using Korematsu In A Constitutional Law Course, Lorraine Bannai, Eric K. Yamamoto

Using Korematsu to Teach Across the Law School Curriculum

No abstract provided.

Using Korematsu To Teach Professional Responsibility (Word With Government Documents At End), Lorraine Bannai

Using Korematsu to Teach Across the Law School Curriculum

No abstract provided.

Mental Health Among Chicanos And Chicanas: Barriers To Mental Health Care, Consequences Of Disparities, And Resources, Roma A. Kankaria, Shaheer Alam, Ananya Udyaver, Alyssa Sievers

UROP Posters

Mexican Americans, or Chicanos and Chicanas, face many barriers to mental health care. This literature review was conducted by the Collective Corazón—a VCU student organization, mentored by Dr. Indira Sultanić, that addresses Latinx health equity through service and advocacy—in order to examine the underlying causes and consequences of disparities in mental health in Chicanos and Chicanas. Some of the barriers that affect mental health care in Mexican Americans are racial inequities and discrimination, the societal and/or cultural stigma associated with receiving care, language barriers, lack of health insurance, and legal status. Furthermore, among Chicanos, machismo culture is associated with an …

Covid-19 Impact And The Association Between Sociodemographic, Social Support, Depression, And Anxiety In The Mindful Moms Program, Ashley Nguyen

UROP Posters

Background: The Covid-19 Pandemic lockdown resulted in lessened social support and a higher incidence of depressive symptoms in the United States. Low-income families were more likely to have experienced negative impacts on income, access to mental health treatment, stress, and discord within the family, and higher anxiety scores during the pandemic. Minority groups had higher COVID-19 incidence and mortality rates. More than 1 in 5 pregnant women in the United States experience clinically significant depressive symptoms, with marginalized populations carrying a greater burden. Maternal depression is linked to poor maternal and child health outcomes.

Depression scores of pregnant individuals during …

Civiic: Cybercrime In Virginia: Impacts On Industry And Citizens Final Report, Randy Gainey, Tancy Vandecar-Burdin, Jay Albanese, Thomas Dearden, James Hawdon, Katalin Parti

Sociology & Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

[First paragraph] Victimization from cybercrime is a major concern in Virginia, the US, and the world. As individuals and businesses spend more time online, it becomes increasingly important to understand cybercrime and how to protect against it. Such an understanding is dependent on valid and reliable baseline data that identifies the specific nature, extent, and outcomes of cybercrime activity. A better understanding of cybercrime activity is needed to target and prevent it more effectively, minimize its consequences, and provide support for both individual and corporate victims. Before that can occur, however, better baseline data are required, and this project was …

An Unconventional Pathway: A Qualitative Inquiry Into The Experience Of Racial Minority Transfer Students, Hanh My Mai Tran

Dissertations

Transfer students’ success is increasingly being discussed in higher education. A large population of transfer students includes racial minority, low-income, and first-generation college students. Due to the multiple layers of students’ identities, it has been difficult for educational leaders in institutions to grasp the essential elements needed to serve these students. As a result, this qualitative study contributes to this discussion and efforts to support the transfer student’s success. In this study, qualitative methods, including interviews with 14 students from 4-year universities and community colleges and a survey, were used to identify the steps and resources associated with supporting transfer …

Peremptory Norms Of General International Law (Jus Cogens) (Revisited) And Other Topics: The Seventy-Third Session Of The International Law Commission, Sean D. Murphy

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

The International Law Commission (ILC) held its seventy-third session from April 18 to June 3 and from July 4 to August 5, 2022 in Geneva, under the chairmanship of Dire Tladi (South Africa). This session was the final one of the quinquennium, which originally would have occurred in the summer of 2021 but for the COVID-19 pandemic.

During the seventy-third session, the Commission completed the second reading of two topics: peremptory norms of general international law (jus cogens); and protection of the environment in relation to armed conflicts. The Commission completed a first reading of the topic on immunity of …

Automatic Verification Of Multi-Agent Systems Security Properties Specified With Ltl, Kholud Alghamdi, Marius Silaghi

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications

We propose a way to verify security requirements of critical multi-agent system processes by using logic representations and automatic reasoning. The typical multi-agent system considered in our work would be an election system with agents representing their users and aiming to ensure security. Relevant processes are authentication, voting, re-voting, and election verification. The security requirements commonly addressed in such a voting system are: no user can vote unless it got authenticated, no invalid vote should be counted, no vote should be counted twice, and each valid vote should be eventually counted. We show a model of such security requirements by …

Covid-19 Vaccination In Palestine/Israel: Citizenship, Capitalism, And The Logic Of Elimination, Nicolas Howard, Emily Schneider

Sociology & Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Despite Israel’s responsibility under international law to combat the spread of contagious diseases and epidemics in its occupied territories, Israeli officials have refused to distribute COVID-19 vaccines to Palestinians in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. Through a critical discourse analysis of Israeli officials’ statements regarding Israel’s COVID-19 vaccination campaign, this paper explores how Israel evades this responsibility while presenting itself as committed to public health and human rights. We find that Israeli officials strategically present Palestinians as an autonomous nation when discussing COVID-19 vaccinations, despite Israel’s ongoing attempts to prevent the creation of a Palestinian state. Relatedly, Israel justifies …

Adapting Nlp Techniques In Transfer Learning For Forensic Authorship Profiling, Esam Alzahrani

All ETDs from UAB

Cybercrimes have risen and caused threats to regular internet users. In recent times, the increased use of online social networks (OSNs) allows people to easily share opinions, personal information, and others. Since a major part of OSNs content is textual content, immense research has focused on text analysis techniques using machine learning and Natural Language Processing (NLP). One important area of research focused on text analysis using machine learning is forensic text analysis. Digital forensics is a discipline concerns finding, preserving, and presenting admissible evidence in court. Sadly, the convenience of OSNs creates an optimal venue for cybercriminals to perform …

Adaptive Functioning And Academic Achievement In Survivors Of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Associations With Executive Functioning And Socioeconomic Status, Victoria C. Seghatol-Eslami

All ETDs from UAB

This study examined the associations of functional outcomes (adaptive functioning and academic achievement) with executive functioning and neighborhood-specific variables (area deprivation and child opportunity) and individualized education plan (IEP) support in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). From a retrospective database, 44 patients (38.6% female, 72.7% non-Hispanic White, ages 6-17) previously diagnosed with low-risk or standard-risk pre-B cell ALL and treated with chemotherapy-only were identified. Participants were evaluated on performance-based measures of executive functioning and academic achievement, and parent-ratings of executive and adaptive functioning. Within adaptive functioning, 45.5% of patients showed impairment (≥ 1 SD above the normative mean) …