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2022

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Identifiability Analysis And Optimal Control Of Infectious Diseases Epidemics And Parameterization Method For (Un)Stable Manifolds Of Implicitly Defined Dynamical Systems, Timsina Archana Neupane Jan 2022

Identifiability Analysis And Optimal Control Of Infectious Diseases Epidemics And Parameterization Method For (Un)Stable Manifolds Of Implicitly Defined Dynamical Systems, Timsina Archana Neupane

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

This dissertation is a study about applied dynamical systems on two concentrations. First, on the basis of the growing association between opioid addiction and HIV infection, a compartmental model is developed to study dynamics and optimal control of two epidemics; opioid addiction and HIV infection. We show that the disease-free-equilibrium is locally asymptotically stable when the basic reproduction number R0 = max(Ru0; Rv0) < 1; here Rv0 is the reproduction number of the HIV infection, and Ru0 is the reproduction number of the opioid addiction. The addiction-only boundary equilibrium exists when Ru0 > 1 and it is locally asymptotically stable when the invasion number of the opioid addiction is Ruinv < 1: Similarly, HIV-only boundary equilibrium exists when Rv0 > 1 and it is locally asymptotically stable when the invasion number of the HIV infection is Rvinv < 1. We study structural identifiability of the parameters, estimate parameters employing yearly reported data from Central for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and study practical identifiability of estimated parameters. We observe the basic reproduction number R0 using the parameters. Next, we introduce four distinct controls in the model for the sake of control approach, including treatment for addictions, health care education about not sharing syringes, highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART), and rehab treatment for opiate addicts who are HIV infected. US population using CDC data, first applying a single control in the model and observing the results, we better understand the influence of individual control. After completing each of the four applications, we apply them together at the same time in the model and compare the outcomes using different control bounds and state variable weights. We conclude the results by presenting several graphs.

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Image Quality And Beauty Classification Using Deep Learning, Arash Golchubian Jan 2022

Image Quality And Beauty Classification Using Deep Learning, Arash Golchubian

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

The field of computer vision has grown by leaps and bounds in the past decade. The rapid advances can be largely attributed to advances made in the field of Artificial Neural Networks and more specifically can be attributed to the rapid advancement of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Deep Learning. One area that is of great interest to the research community at large is the ability to detect the quality of images in the sense of technical parameters such as blurriness, encoding artifacts, saturation, and lighting, as well as for its’ aesthetic appeal. The purpose of such a mechanism could …

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Incorporating Emotion Recognition In Co-Adaptive Systems, Osamah M. Al-Omair Jan 2022

Incorporating Emotion Recognition In Co-Adaptive Systems, Osamah M. Al-Omair

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

The collaboration between human and computer systems has grown astronomically over the past few years. The ability of software systems adapting to human's input is critical in the symbiosis of human-system co-adaptation, where human and software-based systems work together in a close partnership to achieve synergetic goals. However, it is not always clear what kinds of human’s input should be considered to enhance the effectiveness of human and system co-adaptation. To address this issue, this research describes an approach that focuses on incorporating human emotion to improve human-computer co-adaption. The key idea is to provide a formal framework that incorporates …

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Influence Of Hydrological Variation On Wading Bird Diets And Reproduction In A Lacustrine Wetland, David A. Essian Jan 2022

Influence Of Hydrological Variation On Wading Bird Diets And Reproduction In A Lacustrine Wetland, David A. Essian

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

Wetlandscape topography creates spatial variation in hydroperiod, which in turn creates spatial variation in biotic communities. Such spatiotemporal variation occurs on a large scale in some of the most productive wetlands in the world, including those of south Florida, U.S.A. Wading birds (Pelicaniformes and Ciconiiformes) are iconic, top-level consumers of such ecosystems. Infrequent drying is necessary to maintain the primary nest substrate (Salix caroliniana), and prey availability is regulated by production of prey biomass in the wet season and the subsequent concentration of prey biomass into shallow pools during the dry season. The goal of this dissertation was to explicitly …

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Justice On Demand: A Qualitative Case Study Of Virginia Artrip Snyder, Maria I. Alvarez Jan 2022

Justice On Demand: A Qualitative Case Study Of Virginia Artrip Snyder, Maria I. Alvarez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

This thesis is a single ethnographic qualitative case study on gender, focusing on the parallels between gender and historical inequities of social, economic, political, and power oppression. The study metaphorically examines the systolic and diastolic reading of approximately 100 years of injustices. Virginia Artrip Snyder, the subject of this study, is a woman, practitioner, and advocate. The timeframe is from the 1920s to the present. The researcher examined a variety of samples, which included Virginia's documents, files, news clippings, books, letters, community involvement, and the criminal justice system. Virginia's family donated the data to the Spady Museum in Delray, Florida, …

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Kinova Robotic Arm Manipulation With Python Programming, Cameron Veit Jan 2022

Kinova Robotic Arm Manipulation With Python Programming, Cameron Veit

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

As artificial intelligence (AI), such as reinforcement learning (RL), has continued to grow, the introduction of AI for use in robotic arms in order to have them autonomously complete tasks has become an increasingly popular topic. Robotic arms have recently had a drastic spike in innovation, with new robotic arms being developed for a variety of tasks both menial and complicated. One robotic arm recently developed for everyday use in close proximity to the user is the Kinova Gen 3 Lite, but limited formal research has been conducted about controlling this robotic arm both with an AI and in general. …

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Leadership Challenges Women Face In New York City Local Government, Carlos Manzano Jan 2022

Leadership Challenges Women Face In New York City Local Government, Carlos Manzano

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

This dissertation examines some of the challenges women face in the public sector in New York City. Workplace communal and agentic attributes and transactional and transformational leadership provided the theoretical frameworks through which women are viewed when they ascend to executive or managerial positions in city agencies. Communal and agentic attributes delve into feminine and masculine roles, the leadership challenge and biases toward women, and the preference in leadership style for women and men. Scholars organize these attributes to help us understand gender stereotypes whereby men are described as independent, assertive, and initiating, while women are described as caring, emotionally …

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Machine Learning Algorithms For Predicting Botnet Attacks In Iot Networks, Joffrey Leevy Jan 2022

Machine Learning Algorithms For Predicting Botnet Attacks In Iot Networks, Joffrey Leevy

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

The proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices in various networks is being matched by an increase in related cybersecurity risks. To help counter these risks, big datasets such as Bot-IoT were designed to train machine learning algorithms on network-based intrusion detection for IoT devices. From a binary classification perspective, there is a high-class imbalance in Bot-IoT between each of the attack categories and the normal category, and also between the combined attack categories and the normal category. Within the scope of predicting botnet attacks in IoT networks, this dissertation demonstrates the usefulness and efficiency of novel machine learning methods, …

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Machine Learning Methods For Image Enhancement In Degraded Visual Environments, Dennis Estrada Jan 2022

Machine Learning Methods For Image Enhancement In Degraded Visual Environments, Dennis Estrada

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

Significant reduction in space, weight, power, and cost (SWAP-C) of imaging hardware has induced a paradigm shift in remote sensing where unmanned platforms have become the mainstay. However, mitigating the degraded visual environment (DVE) remains an issue. DVEs can cause a loss of contrast and image detail due to particle scattering and distortion due to turbulence-induced effects. The problem is especially challenging when imaging from unmanned platforms such as autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) and unmanned ariel vehicles (UAV). While single-frame image restoration techniques have been studied extensively in recent years, single image capture is not adequate to address the effects …

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Measurement, Analysis, Classification And Detection Of Gunshot And Gunshot-Like Sounds, Rajesh Singh Baliram Jan 2022

Measurement, Analysis, Classification And Detection Of Gunshot And Gunshot-Like Sounds, Rajesh Singh Baliram

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

The recent uptick in senseless shootings in otherwise quiet and relatively safe environments is powerful evidence of the need, now more than ever, to reduce these occurrences. Artificial intelligence (AI) can play a significant role in deterring individuals from attempting these acts of violence. The installation of audio sensors can assist in the proper surveillance of surroundings linked to public safety, which is the first step toward AI-driven surveillance. With the increasing popularity of machine learning (ML) processes, systems are being developed and optimized to assist personnel in highly dangerous situations. In addition to saving innocent lives, supporting the capture …

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Multispectral Uas Based Coastal Change Detection Methods, Monica Rajkumar Jan 2022

Multispectral Uas Based Coastal Change Detection Methods, Monica Rajkumar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

Coastal landscape plays a vital role in reflecting various natural processes. Vegetation resource management improves the quality of life above the surface of the earth. Due to factors such as climatic change, urban development, and global warming, monitoring the coastal region as well as its vegetation has indeed become a challenge to mankind. The purpose of the study is to propose an effective low-cost methodology to monitor the 120- acre Jupiter Inlet Lighthouse Outstanding Natural Area (ONA) located in Jupiter, Florida (USA) using Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) Imagery deployed with RedEdge Micasense Multispectral sensor having five bands. Since, UAS provides …

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Narco Corridos & Violence, John William George Robertson Jan 2022

Narco Corridos & Violence, John William George Robertson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

A set of informal street codes that govern inner city environments in the U.S. have been identified by scholar Elijah Anderson. Anderson’s street code has been analyzed in a variety of ways, including via rap lyrics. This analysis documented how reflective culture and the street code is within a nontraditional source - music. By researching a Mexican sub-genre of music known as narco corridos, I extend this work with a qualitative lyrical content analysis. Using a sample size of 100 narco corridos sourced via the music application Spotify, Anderson’s framework was used as a starting point to uncover themes of …

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Numerical Simulation And Performance Characterization Of Two Wave Energy Converters, Abigail R. Depietro Jan 2022

Numerical Simulation And Performance Characterization Of Two Wave Energy Converters, Abigail R. Depietro

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

This research consists of the numerical model development and simulation of two prototype Wave Energy Convertor designs (WECs) across three simulation types. The first design is an oscillating body WEC called the Platypus designed to capture wave energy as three paddle arms actuate over the surface of the waves. The second design is an overtopping type WEC called the ROOWaC which captures and drains entrained water to generate power. Modeling of these systems was conducted using two techniques: the Morison load approach implemented using hydrodynamic response coefficients used to model the Platypus and a boundary element method (BEM) frequency-domain approach …

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Numerical Simulation Of Marine Hydrokinetic Turbines In Realistic Operating Conditions, Broc Dunlap Jan 2022

Numerical Simulation Of Marine Hydrokinetic Turbines In Realistic Operating Conditions, Broc Dunlap

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

Marine Hydrokinetic (MHK) energy is an alternative to address the demand for cleaner energy sources. This study advanced numerical modeling tools and uses these to evaluate the performance of both a Tidal Turbine (TT) and an Ocean Current Turbine (OCT) operating in a variety of conditions. Inflow models are derived with current speeds ranging from 1.5 to 3 m/s and Turbulence Intensities (TI) of 5-15% and integrated into a TT simulation. An OCT simulation representing a commercial scale 20 m diameter turbine moored to the seafloor via underwater cable is enhanced with the capability to ingest Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler …

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Participants’ Recovery In Drug Court, Selina F. Cuevas Jan 2022

Participants’ Recovery In Drug Court, Selina F. Cuevas

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

This study examined drug court participants’ lived experiences with addiction and recovery from the southern part of the U.S.. Results of the study answered the following: how do drug court participants discuss their lived experiences with each of the following key recovery concepts: accountability, unmanageability, and relapse? Recorded focus groups explored the a priori recovery concepts. Focus groups were used for identifying themes, and how participants apply these themes to recovery. Audio files were transcribed and coded using NVivo 1.5 software for data analysis. The findings also present emergent themes which allowed participants to articulate their lived experiences as more …

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Orientation Of Blacktip Sharks (Carcharhinus Limbatus) To Underwater Sound, Caroline Sullivan Jan 2022

Orientation Of Blacktip Sharks (Carcharhinus Limbatus) To Underwater Sound, Caroline Sullivan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

Sharks respond to low frequency pulsed sounds but are documented to lack the capacity to detect these sounds beyond the acoustic near field. The purpose of my study was to quantify the distance blacktip sharks (Carcharhinus limbatus) oriented to sound stimuli, and determine if responses occurred in the far field. Using an aerial drone and underwater speaker, C. limbatus were filmed responding to sound stimuli (100 – 200 Hz; 200 – 400 Hz; and 400 – 800 Hz). Upon detection, C. limbatus elicited a 20 – 160° turn from the speaker, and rapidly swam away. Sharks responded to all frequencies …

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Path Planning For The Hybrid Aerial Underwater Robotic System, Anthony C. Davis Jan 2022

Path Planning For The Hybrid Aerial Underwater Robotic System, Anthony C. Davis

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

Marine food chains are highly stressed by aggressive fishing practices and environmental damage. Aquaculture has increasingly become a source of seafood which spares the deleterious impact to wild fisheries, but it requires continuous water quality data to successfully grow and harvest fish. Aerial drones have great potential to monitor large areas quickly and efficiently. The Hybrid Aerial Underwater Robotic System (HAUCS) is a swarm of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and underwater measurement devices designed to collect water quality data of aquaculture ponds. The routing of drones to cover each fish pond on an aquaculture farm can be reduced to the …

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Placement And Denoising Of Total Magnetic Field Sensors Onboard An Auv In Support Of Geophysical Navigation, Timothy Cracchiolo Jan 2022

Placement And Denoising Of Total Magnetic Field Sensors Onboard An Auv In Support Of Geophysical Navigation, Timothy Cracchiolo

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

The objective of this thesis is to study the proper placement and denoising of Total Field Magnetometers (TFM) installed on an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV), in support of a long-term goal to perform geophysical navigation based on total field magnetic sensing. This new form of navigation works by using the magnetic field of the Earth as a source of reference to find the desired heading. The primary tools used in this experiment are a REMUS 100 AUV, a QuSpin scalar magnetometer, and a TwinLeaf vector magnetometer. The Earth’s magnetic field was measured over periods of several hours to determine the …

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Predicting The Formation Of Mutual Antipathies In Primary And Middle School Classrooms, Michael Yoho Jan 2022

Predicting The Formation Of Mutual Antipathies In Primary And Middle School Classrooms, Michael Yoho

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

Enemy relationships play an important role in shaping identity, adjustment, and group cohesion. However, little is known about the causes of enemy relationships. The current study identified the role of individual and dyadic attributes in the formation of new mutual antipathies in primary and middle school children (N=372). Participants completed identical surveys at three time points during a single school year. Self-reports described children’s conduct problems and emotional problems. Peer nominations measured children’s popularity, academic achievement, athleticism, and acceptance. The results indicated that enemy formation was driven by undesirable traits at both the individual and dyadic levels. At the individual …

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Prosecutorial Discretion And Its Impact On A Defendant’S Fifth And Fourteenth Amendment Rights, Hannah Nicole Gorman Jan 2022

Prosecutorial Discretion And Its Impact On A Defendant’S Fifth And Fourteenth Amendment Rights, Hannah Nicole Gorman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

Prosecutors have high levels of discretion. Responsibilities of a prosecutor range from appropriate charging decisions to safeguarding principal criminal procedures. Understanding prosecutorial discretion is crucial since most convictions result from guilty pleas. Social scientists have analyzed empirical data on the influence of extra-legal characteristics during initial charging and sentencing stages. However, few have examined the interaction between case law and empirical research regarding a prosecutor’s perception concerning a defendant’s rights throughout case processing. Consequently, not much is known about how prosecutorial discretion impacts a defendant’s constitutional rights under the fifth and fourteenth amendments, specifically the Due Process and Equal Protection …

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Scleractinian Coral Community Demographics And Recruitment Patterns In Southeast Florida, Caroline Haymaker Jan 2022

Scleractinian Coral Community Demographics And Recruitment Patterns In Southeast Florida, Caroline Haymaker

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

Quantifying and understanding coral community dynamics, including recruitment, is critical for developing effective ecosystem management strategies, particularly in areas that have experienced significant coral losses such as Southeast Florida’s Kristin Jacobs Coral Reef Ecosystem Conservation Area. While several federal, state, and regional efforts effectively track annual changes in juvenile and adult coral colonies, few coral reef monitoring programs are designed to track new coral recruitment. This study’s aims were to assess potential differences in community composition of adult and recruit stony corals in southeast Florida using phototransects, and to test the efficacy of eDNA approaches for monitoring coral recruitment. Replicate …

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Selected Topics In Quantum And Post-Quantum Cryptography, Floyd Johnson Jan 2022

Selected Topics In Quantum And Post-Quantum Cryptography, Floyd Johnson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

In 1994 when Peter Shor released his namesake algorithm for factoring and solving the discrete logarithm problem he changed cryptography forever. Many of the state-of-the-art cryptosystems for internet and other computerized communications will become obsolete with the advent of quantum computers. Two distinct approaches have grown to avoid the downfall of secure communication: quantum cryptography which is based in physics and information theory, and post-quantum cryptography which uses mathematical foundations believed not to be weak against even quantum assisted adversaries. This thesis is the culmination of several studies involving cryptanalysis of schemes in both the quantum and post-quantum paradigms as …

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Survival And Growth Of Sponge Recruits In A Land-Based Nursery, Barbara C. Crouch Jan 2022

Survival And Growth Of Sponge Recruits In A Land-Based Nursery, Barbara C. Crouch

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

Sponges (phylum Porifera) are ancient animals that provide numerous ecosystem functions (e.g., water filtration, habitat, food source) and commercial applications (e.g., bath sponges and pharmaceuticals). However, mass mortality events in Florida Bay have drastically impacted sponge communities and the ecosystem services they provide. To restore habitats, sponge restoration initiatives are ongoing in Florida. The aim of this thesis was to determine survival and growth of sponges in a land-based nursery. Larvae from four species were collected from the Indian River Lagoon and the Florida Keys from July to September 2021. Larval settlement and metamorphosis, survival of recruits, morphological development and …

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Susceptibility Of Recruiting Seagrass (Thalassia Testudinum) To Porewater H2s In Florida Bay, Kasey Macleod Jan 2022

Susceptibility Of Recruiting Seagrass (Thalassia Testudinum) To Porewater H2s In Florida Bay, Kasey Macleod

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

This study investigated the influence of high concentrations of porewater H2S (~100 μM) on recruitment of the tropical dominant seagrass species, Thalassia testudinum, following mortality events or "die-offs" in Florida Bay. Major seagrass die-off events (>50 km2) are occurring globally in coastal regions with mortality frequently linked to hypoxia and sediment-derived hydrogen sulfide (H2S) exposure, a well-known phytotoxin. In tropical carbonate environments, such as Florida Bay, low iron in sediments promote H2S accumulation and subsequent intrusion into seagrass meristematic tissue through roots, and root-shoot junctions. While H2S intrusion into meristematic tissue is a leading hypothesis for large-scale seagrass mortality …

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Temperament And Electrocortical Development: Examination Of Infant Alpha Eeg Coherence, Samantha C. Gott Jan 2022

Temperament And Electrocortical Development: Examination Of Infant Alpha Eeg Coherence, Samantha C. Gott

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

Temperament and its development have been associated with the alpha band of EEG coherence in previous research that focused on adolescent and adult populations, results suggest that this measure stands as a reliable indicator of emotional states. In the current study, five data sets from previously conducted studies were analyzed to determine if resting state alpha coherence measures differ in various brain regions and are associated with variation in levels of temperament. Additionally, we aimed to determine if, as age increases, a synchronous result in coherence may be seen (specifically, from posterior to anterior), in accordance with neurophysiological development. Regression …

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Teaching Hearing Clients Sign Language In Therapy: The Sign Your Feelings Intervention's Effects On The Therapeutic Alliance And Client Outcomes, Grisel Mf Lopez-Escobar Jan 2022

Teaching Hearing Clients Sign Language In Therapy: The Sign Your Feelings Intervention's Effects On The Therapeutic Alliance And Client Outcomes, Grisel Mf Lopez-Escobar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

The aim of the study was to validate the researcher's new therapeutic intervention, Sign your Feelings, through a four-week randomized control trial (RCT). This intervention involves hearing therapists working with hearing clients. It incorporates (a) discussions about the therapeutic alliance, (b) therapists teaching their clients 36 signs in American Sign Language (ASL) and (c) frequent emotional disclosure as clients learn and practice the signs. This RCT measured the therapeutic alliance and client outcomes, using the Sessions Rating Scale (SRS) and CORE-10 instrument. Eighty adults from 10 U.S. States participated in the study. Sixteen therapists underwent training before administering the intervention, …

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The Effect Of Focused Breathing On Response Inhibition And Perception Of Affective Words: A Behavioral And An Eeg Study, Emily Ahne Jan 2022

The Effect Of Focused Breathing On Response Inhibition And Perception Of Affective Words: A Behavioral And An Eeg Study, Emily Ahne

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

When practiced over long periods of time (>16 weeks), mindfulness positively impacts inhibitory processing, in that as mindfulness exposure and experience increases, inhibitory processing is enhanced. Similarly, long-term mindfulness practice diminishes the impact of emotionally-valanced scenes. However recently, more work is underway on how brief mindfulness inductions impact these same outcomes. Across two online pilot studies (behavioral outcomes only) and one in-person experiment (behavioral and neuronal outcomes), how a brief focused-breathing induction impacts response inhibition and the perception of affective words was explored. Findings demonstrate that a 30-minute mindfulness induction produced a diminished Simon Effect, as well as faster …

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The Influence Of Repetitions Per Set On Back Squat And Bench Press Repetitions In Reserve Rating Accuracy, Joshua C. Pelland Jan 2022

The Influence Of Repetitions Per Set On Back Squat And Bench Press Repetitions In Reserve Rating Accuracy, Joshua C. Pelland

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

This study examined the effect of repetitions per set as a function of changing load (percentage of one-repetition maximum) on the accuracy of intraset repetitions in reserve (RIR) predictions in the back squat and bench press. Twelve resistance trained men completed three multi-set back squat and bench press training sessions that differed in the number of target repetitions (session 1: 10 repetitions; session 2: 8 repetitions; session 3: 6 repetitions). The last set of each session was performed until muscular failure in which subjects verbally indicated when they perceived 4 RIR and 1 RIR. For each RIR prediction, RIRDIFF [perceived …

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The Representation And Evolution Of Abusive Relationships: Harley Quinn And The Joker, Jenna Isaacs Jan 2022

The Representation And Evolution Of Abusive Relationships: Harley Quinn And The Joker, Jenna Isaacs

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

This thesis The Representation and Evolution of Abusive Relationships: Harley Quinn and the Joker takes a psychoanalytic, gender, and media studies approach to comics such as Mad Love, The Batman Adventures, Suicide Squad and the film Suicide Squad and The Suicide Squad (2016) Drawing on the work of Lenore Walker, Scott McCloud and other various scholars, this thesis will explore the distinctions in how the comics and film confront, disguise, or conceal the abuse. An analysis of the increasingly romanticized representation of abuse in the comics and film, where audience support for the couple and merchandizing were core concerns, reflect …

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Automatically Generating Natural Language Descriptions Of Images By A Deep Hierarchical Framework, Lin Huo, Lin Bai, Shang Ming Zhou Jan 2022

Automatically Generating Natural Language Descriptions Of Images By A Deep Hierarchical Framework, Lin Huo, Lin Bai, Shang Ming Zhou

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Automatically generating an accurate and meaningful description of an image is very challenging. However, the recent scheme of generating an image caption by maximizing the likelihood of target sentences lacks the capacity of recognizing the human–object interaction (HOI) and semantic relationship between HOIs and scenes, which are the essential parts of an image caption. This article proposes a novel two-phase framework to generate an image caption by addressing the above challenges: 1) a hybrid deep learning and 2) an image description generation. In the hybrid deep-learning phase, a novel factored three-way interaction machine was proposed to learn the relational features …

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