Digital Commons Network^™

Gerald Alter, Professor Emeritus, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology, Gerald Alter, Kathy Morris

Wright State University Retirees Association Oral History Project

In this August 25, 2022 oral history interview conducted by Kathy Morris, Dr. Gerald Alter discusses his career in biochemistry and his contributions to the development of Wright State University’s Biomedical Sciences Ph.D. program. He reflects on interdisciplinary research, graduate education, institutional support for scholarship, and his leadership during a period of heightened oversight of the Laboratory Animal Care and Use Committee.

Author Correction: Comparative And Demographic Analysis Of Orang-Utan Genomes (Nature, (2011), 469, 7331, (529-533), 10.1038/Nature09687), Devin P. Locke, La Deana W. Hillier, Wesley C. Warren, Kim C. Worley, Lynne V. Nazareth, Donna M. Muzny, Shiaw Pyng Yang, Zhengyuan Wang, Asif T. Chinwalla, Pat Minx, Makedonka Mitreva, Lisa Cook, Kim D. Delehaunty, Catrina Fronick, Heather Schmidt, Lucinda A. Fulton, Robert S. Fulton, Joanne O. Nelson, Vincent Magrini, Craig Pohl, Tina A. Graves, Chris Markovic, Andy Cree, Huyen H. Dinh, Jennifer Hume, Christie L. Kovar, Gerald R. Fowler, Gerton Lunter, Stephen Meader, Andreas Heger, Chris P. Ponting, Tomas Marques-Bonet, Can Alkan

Faculty Publications

In this Article, we reported genome sequencing data from five Sumatran and five Bornean orang-utans. In re-analysing these data, Banes et al.1 found that eight of the ten samples were mislabelled, and we wish to correct the original publication according to their findings. In addition, Banes et al.1 find that one of the orang-utans that we had labelled as a male Sumatran is in fact a female Tapanuli orang-utan (an orang-utan species that was unknown at the time of publication of our original Article and that was first reported in 2017 (ref. 2)). While we here correct the original tables …

Modelling Neurological Diseases In Large Animals: Criteria For Model Selection And Clinical Assessment, Samantha L Eaton, Jonathan D Cooper, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Short-Finned Pilot Whales Exhibit Behavioral Plasticity In Foraging Strategies Mediated By Their Environment, Jeanne M. Shearer, Frants H. Jensen, Nicola J. Quick, Ari Friedlaender, Brandon Southall, Douglas P. Nowacek, Matthew Bowers, Heather J. Foley, Zachary T. Swaim, Danielle M. Waples, Andrew J. Read

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Predators adapt their foraging behavior to exploit a variety of prey in a range of environments. Short-finned pilot whales are wide-ranging predators in tropical and sub-tropical oceans, but most previous studies of their foraging ecology have been conducted near oceanic islands. We deployed sound- and movement-recording tags on 43 short-finned pilot whales off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, USA, to measure their foraging behavior in a continental shelf-break ecosystem and investigate how variation in the environment shapes their behavior. Overall, the foraging behavior of pilot whales off Cape Hatteras was similar to that of their counterparts from island-associated habitats. Off Cape …

Fundamentals Of Arterial Blood Gas Interpretation, Jerry Yee, Stan Frinak, Naushaba Mohiuddin, Junior Uduman

Nephrology Articles

Acid-base disturbances in patients with cardiopulmonary or other disorders are common and are often misinterpreted or interpreted incompletely. Treating acid-base disorders in greater detail facilitates pathophysiologic understanding and improved therapeutic planning. Understanding the ratiometric relationship between the lungs, which excrete volatile acid as carbon dioxide, and the kidneys, which contribute to maintenance of plasma bicarbonate, allows precise identification of the dominant acid-base disturbance when more than a simple disorder is present and aids in executing a measured treatment response. Concordantly, mapping paired values of the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) and the bicarbonate concentration ([HCO3^–]) on a …

The United Nations, Animal Welfare And The Environment, Andrew N. Rowan, Kathleen Rowan

WellBeing News

A sustainable global future requires the world to address the well-being of not only people but animals and the environment. This view is also the founding premise for WellBeing International (WBI). A one-minute video produced by WBI includes the following message. “A responsible caretaker of our world must safeguard people, animals, and the environment for each element is tightly connected and depends on the well-being of the others.”

WBI is encouraged by the recent resolution on the nexus between the well-being of people, animals, and the environment passed at the fifth United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA-5). However, considerable effort will …

United Nations - Convention On Biological Diversity And Cop15, Adeline Lerambert

WellBeing News

With wildlife and biodiversity in an unprecedented crisis, pressure weighs heavily on the UN‘s Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), a multilateral environmental treaty that went into effect in 1993.

In December 2022, the CBD’s fifteenth Conference of Parties (COP15) will convene in Montreal to adopt an updated post-2020 Global BiodiversityFramework (GBF). This Framework replaces the 2011-2020 strategic plan including the Aichi five goals and twenty targets. These targets have not been met and now need to be updated.

Planning for this update on a new Global Biodiversity Framework at COP15 began in 2016. COP15 was initially scheduled to be held …

Pet Dog Supply And Demand In The United States, Andrew N. Rowan

WellBeing News

To the surprise of many animal advocates, discussions are taking place this year on whether there may be too few dogs to support demand in the US. The campaign that began in the 1970s to reduce dog over-supply has been very successful. In 1973, approximately 7 million dogs were euthanized in shelters when the pet dog population was around35 million. In 2021, 300,000 dogs were euthanized in animal shelters, but the pet dog population had grown to somewhere between 65 and 90 million, depending on which survey is consulted. Although 300,000 is still too many dogs, it represents more than …

Range-Wide Sources Of Variation In Reproductive Rates Of Northern Spotted Owls, Jeremy T. Rockweit, Julianna M. Jenkins, James E. Hines, James D. Nichols, Katie M. Dugger, Alan B. Franklin, Peter C. Carlson, William L. Kendall, Damon B. Lesmeister, Christopher Mccafferty, Steven H. Ackers, L. Steven Andrews, Larissa L. Bailey, Jesse Burgher, Kenneth P. Burnham, Tara Chestnut, Mary M. Conner, Raymond J. Davis, Krista E. Dilione, Eric D. Forsman, Elizabeth M. Glenn, Scott A. Gremel, Keith A. Hamm, Dale R. Herter, J. Mark Higley, Rob B. Horn, David W. Lamphear, Trent L. Mcdonald, Janice A. Reid, Carl J. Schwarz, David C. Simon, Stan G. Sovern, James K. Swingle, J. David Wiens, Heather Wise, Charles B. Yackulic

Wildland Resources Faculty Publications

We conducted a range-wide investigation of the dynamics of site-level reproductive rate of northern spotted owls using survey data from 11 study areas across the subspecies geographic range collected during 1993–2018. Our analytical approach accounted for imperfect detection of owl pairs and misclassification of successful reproduction (i.e., at least one young fledged) and contributed further insights into northern spotted owl population ecology and dynamics. Both nondetection and state misclassification were important, especially because factors affecting these sources of error also affected focal ecological parameters. Annual probabilities of site occupancy were greatest at sites with successful reproduction in the previous year …

Maker Math: Exploring Mathematics Through Digitally Fabricated Tools With K–12 In-Service Teachers, Jason R. Harron, Yi Jin, Amy F. Hillen, Lindsey Mason, Lauren Siegel

Open Access Publishing Fund Collection

This paper reports on nine elementary, middle, and high school in-service teachers who participated in a series of workshops aimed at exploring the wonder, joy, and beauty of mathematics through the creation and application of digitally fabricated tools (i.e., laser-cut and 3D printed). Using the Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework to investigate technological, pedagogical, contextual, and content knowledge, researchers applied qualitative methods to uncover the affordances and constraints of teaching and learning math concepts with digitally fabricated tools and examined how the workshops supported broadening participation in mathematics by focusing on the connections between mathematical inquiry, nature, and …

Tears And Ashes, Vincent Miller

Materials from the University of Dayton Magazine Website

University of Dayton professor Vincent Miller, Gudorf Chair in Catholic Theology and Culture, explores hard seeing — and hope — in an age of wildfire.

The Pro-Fibrotic Response To Lens Injury Is Signaled In A Pi3k Isoform-Specific Manner, A. Sue Menko, Janice L. Walker

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

The signaling inputs that function to integrate biochemical and mechanical cues from the extracellular environment to alter the wound-repair outcome to a fibrotic response remain poorly understood. Here, using a clinically relevant post-cataract surgery wound healing/fibrosis model, we investigated the role of Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) class I isoforms as potential signaling integrators to promote the proliferation, emergence and persistence of collagen I-producing alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA+) myofibroblasts that cause organ fibrosis. Using PI3K isoform specific small molecule inhibitors, our studies revealed a requisite role for PI3K p110α in signaling the CD44+ mesenchymal leader cell population that we previously identified as …

Collaborative Language Planning Project: Report 07: Summer 2022, Richard Littlebear, Mizuki Miyashita, Susan Penfield, Madeleine Shek

Collaborative Language Planning Project: Reports and Newsletters

Collaborative Language Planning Project report of activities, January 2022 - July 2022.

G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 6 (Grk6) Regulates Insulin Processing And Secretion Via Effects On Proinsulin Conversion To Insulin, Matthew J Varney, Wouter Steyaert, Paul J Coucke, Joris R Delanghe, David E Uehling, Babu Joseph, Richard Marcellus, Rima Al-Awar, Jeffrey L Benovic

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

Recent studies identified a missense mutation in the gene coding for G protein-coupled receptor kinase 6 (GRK6) that segregates with type 2 diabetes (T2D). To better understand how GRK6 might be involved in T2D, we used pharmacological inhibition and genetic knockdown in the mouse β-cell line, MIN6, to determine whether GRK6 regulates insulin dynamics. We show inhibition of GRK5 and GRK6 increased insulin secretion but reduced insulin processing while GRK6 knockdown revealed these same processing defects with reduced levels of cellular insulin. GRK6 knockdown cells also had attenuated insulin secretion but enhanced proinsulin secretion consistent with decreased processing. In support …

Why America’S Army Can’T Win America’S Wars, John A. Nagl

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

Since achieving victory in World War II, the United States military has a less than enviable combat record in irregular warfare. Through a detailed historical analysis, this article provides perspective on where past decisions and doctrines have led to defeat and where they may have succeeded if given more time or executed differently. In doing so, it provides lessons for future Army engagements and argues that until America becomes proficient in irregular warfare, our enemies will continue to fight us at the lower levels of the spectrum of conflict, where they have a good chance of exhausting our will to …

Klf5 Governs Sphingolipid Metabolism And Barrier Function Of The Skin, Ying Lyu, Yinglu Guan, Lisa Deliu, Ericka Humphrey, Joanna K Frontera, Youn Joo Yang, Daniel Zamler, Kun Hee Kim, Vakul Mohanty, Kevin Jin, Vakul Mohanty, Virginia Liu, Jinzhuang Dou, Lucas J Veillon, Shwetha V Kumar, Philip L Lorenzi, Yang Chen, Kathleen M Mcandrews, Sergei Grivennikov, Xingzhi Song, Jianhua Zhang, Yuanxin Xi, Jing Wang, Ken Chen, Priyadharsini Nagarajan, Yejing Ge

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Stem cells are fundamental units of tissue remodeling whose functions are dictated by lineage-specific transcription factors. Home to epidermal stem cells and their upward-stratifying progenies, skin relies on its secretory functions to form the outermost protective barrier, of which a transcriptional orchestrator has been elusive. KLF5 is a Krüppel-like transcription factor broadly involved in development and regeneration whose lineage specificity, if any, remains unclear. Here we report KLF5 specifically marks the epidermis, and its deletion leads to skin barrier dysfunction in vivo. Lipid envelopes and secretory lamellar bodies are defective in KLF5-deficient skin, accompanied by preferential loss of complex sphingolipids. …

Travel, Félix H. Cortez, Keldie Paroschi

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Free Slave: Artist Statement, Thesis, And Working Novel, Leeland Francis Johnson

Masters Theses

This is a fictional slave narrative about a young man born free and taken into slavery. He wrestles with the concepts of forgiveness and mercy as he undergoes his trials and tribulations. As I am a white man taking on this endeavor, I wrestle with the artist's statement about how much care I have taken to make this a replica of a faithful slave narrative. I hope this work will be viewed as a tributary piece.

Modeling Neonatal Intraventricular Hemorrhage Through Intraventricular Injection Of Hemoglobin, Brandon A Miller, Shelei Pan, Peter H Yang, Catherine Wang, Amanda L Trout, Dakota Defreitas, Sruthi Ramagiri, Scott D Olson, Jennifer M Strahle

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a common consequence of premature birth and leads to brain injury, posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH), and lifelong neurological deficits. While PHH can be treated by temporary and permanent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion procedures (ventricular reservoir and ventriculoperitoneal shunt, respectively), there are no pharmacological strategies to prevent or treat IVH-induced brain injury and hydrocephalus. Animal models are needed to better understand the pathophysiology of IVH and test pharmacological treatments. While there are existing models of neonatal IVH, those that reliably result in hydrocephalus are often limited by the necessity for large-volume injections, which may complicate modeling of …

Association Of Respiratory Symptoms And Lung Function With Occupation In The Multinational Burden Of Obstructive Lung Disease (Bold) Study, Jate Ratanachina, Andre F S Amara, Sara De Matteis, Herve Lawin, Kevin Mortimer, Daniel O. Obaseki, Imed Harrabi, Meriam Denguezli, Emiel F M Wouters, Asaad Ahmed Nafees

Community Health Sciences

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has been associated with exposures in the workplace. We aimed to assess the association of respiratory symptoms and lung function with occupation in the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study. We analysed cross-sectional data from 28,823 adults (≥40 years) in 34 countries. Eleven occupations were considered and grouped by likelihood of exposure to organic dusts, inorganic dusts and fumes. The association of chronic cough, chronic phlegm, wheeze, dyspnoea, FEV1/FVC and FVC with occupation was assessed, per study site, using multivariable regression. These estimates were then meta-analysed. Sensitivity analyses explored differences between sexes and gross national income …

Defending The Resurrection Of Jesus Through The Reliability Of The Credible Witnesses, Gregory K. Cherven

Masters Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to illuminate the fact that there is sufficient evidence for the resurrection of Jesus Christ through the reliability of the credible witnesses. Although physical evidence is lacking, it does not mean there is not sufficient evidence. Is it necessary to have physical evidence to secure a conviction? Criminal cases will be explored in which murder convictions were secured without the recovery of a dead body, physical evidence, or a confession. The convictions were secured based solely on witness testimony. The eye-witnesses of the resurrection of Jesus are evaluated through a modern lens and there …

Aphallia Associated With Anorectal Malformation, Ruben Blachman-Braun, Cinthia Galvez, Christian Guevara, Raquel Quintanilla, Alireza Alam

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Female Genital Tuberculosis Among Infertile Women And Its Contributions To Primary And Secondary Infertility: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Musa Ae Ahmed, Abdullah Aa Mohammed, Abiodun O. Ilesanmi, Christopher O. Aimakhu, Amel O. Bakhiet, Suad Bm Hamad

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

Female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) is a widespread infectious disease among young women. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the prevalence of FGTB among infertile women and its contribution to primary and secondary infertility. PubMed, MEDLINE®, WorldCat, The Lens, direct Google search, Google Scholar and ResearchGate were searched from 1971 to July 17, 2021 using the following terms: “prevalence”, “epidemiology”, “urogenital tuberculosis”, “FGTB”, “infertile women”, “infertility complaints” and “FGTB testing methods”. Data were extracted and a meta-analysis was performed. A total of 42 studies were selected with a total of 30,918 infertile women. Of these, the pooled prevalence of FGTB was 20% …

Vivencias De Participación Y Exclusión Socio-Laboral En Jóvenes Con Discapacidad Intelectual, Nicolasa María Durán Palacio, Felipe Puerta Jaramillo, Magda Victoria Díaz Alzate

The Qualitative Report

Este artículo es el resultado de una investigación cualitativa cuyo objetivo fue la comprensión de las vivencias de participación y exclusión socio-laboral en jóvenes con discapacidad intelectual, mediante un acercamiento a sus narrativas. Se orientó a través de un diseño narrativo, para identificar los relatos de los participantes, las vivencias desde el punto de vista de sus protagonistas. Se realizaron entrevistas narrativas, que incluían, además de la conversación, otros textos como el dibujo y las historias. Para identificar las continuidades y discontinuidades en el análisis narrativo, se utilizó la triangulación de actores, aportando el nivel de validez requerido en los …

Announcing The Minderoo – Monaco Commission On Plastics And Human Health, Philip J. Landrigan, Hervé Raps, Christos Symeonides, Thomas Chiles, Maureen Cropper, Judith Enck, Mark E. Hahn, Richard Hixson, Pushpam Kumar, Adetoun Mustapha, Yongjoon Park, Margaret Spring, John Stegeman, Richard Thompson, Zhanyun Wang, Megan Wolff, Aroub Yousuf, Sarah Dunlop

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Plastic is the signature material of our age. In the 75 years since large-scale production began in the aftermath of World War II, plastic has transformed our world, supported many of the most significant advances of modern civilization, and enabled breakthroughs in virtually every field of human endeavor. But plastic also poses great and growing dangers to human health and the environment, harms that fall disproportionately on the world’s poorest and most vulnerable populations. The extent and magnitude of these dangers are only beginning to be understood.

Optical Redox Imaging Of Ex Vivo Hippocampal Tissue Reveals Age-Dependent Alterations In The 5xfad Mouse Model Of Alzheimer's Disease, He N. Xu, Sarah Gourmaud, Allison Podsednik, Xiaofan Li, Huaqing Zhao, Frances E. Jensen, Delia M. Talos, Lin Z. Li

School of Medicine Publications

A substantial decline in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) has been reported in brain tissue homogenates or neurons isolated from Alzheimer's disease (AD) models. NAD, together with flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), critically supports energy metabolism and maintains mitochondrial redox homeostasis. Optical redox imaging (ORI) of the intrinsic fluorescence of reduced NAD (NADH) and oxidized FAD yields cellular redox and metabolic information and provides biomarkers for a variety of pathological conditions. However, its utility in AD has not been characterized at the tissue level. We performed ex vivo ORI of freshly dissected hippocampi from a well-characterized AD mouse model with five familial …

The Microrna Processor Drosha Is A Candidate Gene For A Severe Progressive Neurological Disorder, Scott Barish, Mumine Senturk, Kelly Schoch, Amanda L Minogue, Diego Lopergolo, Chiara Fallerini, Jake Harland, Jacob H Seemann, Nicholas Stong, Peter G Kranz, Sujay Kansagra, Mohamad A Mikati, Joan Jasien, Mays El-Dairi, Paolo Galluzzi, Francesca Ariani, Alessandra Renieri, Francesca Mari, Michael F Wangler, Swathi Arur, Yong-Hui Jiang, Shinya Yamamoto, Vandana Shashi, Hugo J Bellen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

DROSHA encodes a ribonuclease that is a subunit of the Microprocessor complex and is involved in the first step of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis. To date, DROSHA has not yet been associated with a Mendelian disease. Here, we describe two individuals with profound intellectual disability, epilepsy, white matter atrophy, microcephaly and dysmorphic features, who carry damaging de novo heterozygous variants in DROSHA. DROSHA is constrained for missense variants and moderately intolerant to loss-of-function (o/e = 0.24). The loss of the fruit fly ortholog drosha causes developmental arrest and death in third instar larvae, a severe reduction in brain size and loss …

Women And Land Snails Consumption In The Southwest Region Of Cameroon, Forka Leypey Mathew Fomine

Journal of International Women's Studies

Both marine and terrestrial species of snails are consumed in most countries worldwide, including Southwest Cameroon where it is an age-old practice among various ethnic groups. Before the introduction of snail farming in the Southwest Region of Cameroon in the 1990s, all the residents who ate snails acquired them through gathering.

There is significant internal variation in the history of land snail consumption among four ethnic groups: the Banyang, Mbo, Balung, and Bakweri. The long history of land snail consumption among the Banyang and Mbo can be attributed to their geographical proximity to the eastern region of Nigeria, where the …

Representations Of Arab Women In Hollywood Pre- And Post- 9/11, Eiman A. Eissa, Hala A. Guta, Rana S. Hassan

Journal of International Women's Studies

Many scholars argue that the image of Arabs in Hollywood has always been tainted by prejudice and stereotyping. However, little attention is paid to women's representation in general or the influence of 9/11 on that representation. This paper compares portrayals of Arab women in popular Hollywood films before and after 9/11. A purposive sample of 76 Arab female characters from 40 popular Hollywood films is used to conduct a content analysis, comparing portrayals in films released before and after 9/11. Popular Hollywood films are defined as films with at least 50,000 reviews that score seven or more on the International …

Advancing Livelihoods And Transformation Of Rural Women: The Role Of Critical Pedagogy In Bridging Gender Gap In South Africa, Sampson Tawiah, Itumeleng Setlhodi

Journal of International Women's Studies

The essence of advancing livelihoods is to heighten socio-economic transformation among the poor, especially rural women through education. The statement above suggests that locating these women as critical stakeholders and affording them opportunities to improve their skills and knowledge can advance values significantly. In the country in general, rural women generate less income as compared to men. Hence, educational practices geared toward women are to address this gap. Transformation, however, does not come cheap. It takes consented effort on educators, learners, and society to embrace educational provisions, programs, and new teaching methods for a sustainable change, especially for rural women. …