Digital Commons Network^™

Content Moderation Remedies, Eric Goldman

Michigan Technology Law Review

This Article addresses a critical but underexplored aspect of content moderation: if a user’s online content or actions violate an Internet service’s rules, what should happen next? The longstanding expectation is that Internet services should remove violative content or accounts from their services as quickly as possible, and many laws mandate that result. However, Internet services have a wide range of other options—what I call “remedies”—they can use to redress content or accounts that violate the applicable rules. This Article describes dozens of remedies that Internet services have actually imposed. It then provides a normative framework to help Internet services …

Individuals As Gatekeepers Against Data Misuse, Ying Hu

Michigan Technology Law Review

This article makes a case for treating individual data subjects as gatekeepers against misuse of personal data. Imposing gatekeeper responsibility on individuals is most useful where (a) the primary wrongdoers engage in data misuse intentionally or recklessly; (b) misuse of personal data is likely to lead to serious harm; and (c) one or more individuals are able to detect and prevent data misuse at a reasonable cost.

As gatekeepers, individuals should have a legal duty to take reasonable measures to prevent data misuse where they are aware of facts indicating that the person seeking personal data from them is highly …

Postharvest 24-Epibrassinolide And Chitosan Treatments Affect Quality Of ‘Balady Banzahir’ Limes During Shelf Life [Research Note], Mohamed A. Awad, Adel Al-Qurashi

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Limes undergo internal metabolic changes during storage at ambient, resulting in rind disorders and green color fading that decrease consumer preferences and market demand. To elucidate the effects of exogenous 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) and chitosan (CT) treatments on the postharvest quality of citrus fruit, freshly harvested mature-green ‘Balady Banzahir’ limes were dipped for 15 min in 20 μM EBR and 1% CT alone or in combination and kept at ambient (23 ± 1°C and 60 – 70% RH) for 20 days. EBR or CT treatments retained fruit quality during shelf life as shown by higher green peel color (lower a* values), …

Iba Career Development Center Newsletter 2021 (July-December), Iba Cdc

CDC Newsletter

The July–December 2021 edition of the IBA Career Development Center Newsletter highlights a period of active industry engagement, student development initiatives, and career advancement opportunities. The newsletter showcases recruitment drives, corporate networking sessions, mentorship initiatives, internships, training workshops, and collaborations with leading organizations. It reflects IBA CDC’s continued efforts to bridge academia and industry by equipping students and graduates with professional exposure, employability skills, and career guidance opportunities during the second half of 2021.

Activation Of Crtc2/Creb1 In Skeletal Muscle Enhances Weight Loss During Intermittent Fasting, Nelson E Bruno, Jerome C Nwachukwu, David C Hughes, Sathish Srinivasan, Richard Hawkins, David Sturgill, Gordon L Hager, Stephen Hurst, Shey-Shing Sheu, Sue C Bodine, Michael D Conkright, Kendall W Nettles

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

The Creb-Regulated Transcriptional Coactivator (Crtc) family of transcriptional coregulators drive Creb1-mediated transcription effects on metabolism in many tissues, but the in vivo effects of Crtc2/Creb1 transcription on skeletal muscle metabolism are not known. Skeletal muscle-specific overexpression of Crtc2 (Crtc2 mice) induced greater mitochondrial activity, metabolic flux capacity for both carbohydrates and fats, improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, and increased oxidative capacity, supported by upregulation of key metabolic genes. Crtc2 overexpression led to greater weight loss during alternate day fasting (ADF), selective loss of fat rather than lean mass, maintenance of higher energy expenditure during the fast and reduced binge-eating …

Providing Hypertension Education To African Immigrants At A Southern California Congregation During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Esther Oshunluyi

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Projects

Objective: To review methods that could contribute to improved knowledge of hypertension among African immigrants at a California congregation. The difference in the management and outcomes of hypertension between African Americans and Whites is most disparate in cardiovascular disease, with lack of education documented as a major contributor for African Americans (Lackland, 2014) and African immigrants (Turson-Ocran et al., 2020). African Americans differ slightly in culture, health, and migration history from Africans who are 21st century immigrants from Africa (African immigrants); however, there are more similarities than differences between them (Terrazas, 2009). This brief report will describe a Doctor of …

Purposeful Nurse Hourly Rounding: A Plan To Decrease Patient Falls During A Pandemic, Robbie Masangkay

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Projects

Aims: This paper describes the design of a purposeful nurse hourly rounding pilot to decrease the incidence of patient falls on a COVID-19 designated unit in an acute hospital setting.

Background: Falls in acute care hospitals are a persistent patient safety problem. The COVID-19 pandemic has added to concerns to safely care for high-risk COVID patients while mitigating the risk of infection for frontline staff.

Methods: A PNHR pilot project was designed for implementation in a 28-bed COVID-19 designated unit in a not-for-profit acute hospital in California. A modified PNHR rounding tool guides focus points for every nurse/patient interaction. Pre- …

A Novel Big Data Approach To Measure And Visualize Urban Accessibility, Yuqin Jiang, Diansheng Guo, Zhenlong Li, Michael E. Hodgson

Faculty Publications

Accessibility is a topic of interest to multiple disciplines for a long time. In the last decade, the increasing availability of data may have exceeded the development of accessibility modeling approaches, resulting in a modeling gap. In part, this modeling gap may have resulted from the differences needed for single versus multimodal opportunities for access to services. With a focus on large volumes of transportation data, a new measurement approach, called Urban Accessibility Relative Index (UARI), was developed for the integration of multi-mode transportation big data, including taxi, bus, and subway, to quantify, visualize and understand the spatiotemporal patterns of …

Prevalence Of Chronic Disease In Older Adults In Multitier Eye-Care Facilities In South India: Electronic Medical Records-Driven Big Data Analytics Report, Umesh Chandra Behera, Brooke Salzman, Anthony Vipin Das, Gumpili Sai Prashanthi, Parth Lalakia, Richard Derman, Bharat Panigrahy

Department of Family & Community Medicine Faculty Papers

Purpose: To study the prevalence of systemic conditions in older adults, either self-reported or discovered during routine eye examinations, at multitier eye-care facilities over the past decade, and to explore their association with vision and common ocular disorders, including cataract, glaucoma, and retinopathy.

Methods: Retrospective review of a large data set compiled from the electronic medical records of patients older than 60 years who presented to an eye facility of a multitier ophthalmology network located in 200 different geographical locations that included urban and rural eye-care centers spread across four states in India over a 10-year period.

Results: 618,096 subjects …

Senior Center Response To Covid-19: Involvement With Vaccine Distribution, Ceara Somerville, Caitlin Coyle, Jan Mutchler

Center for Social and Demographic Research on Aging Publications

In early 2021, access to a COVID-19 vaccine was prioritized for older adults and people with multiple co-morbidities. Between high demand and emerging supply, and new systems for booking a vaccine appointment, many people had challenges getting an appointment. Senior centers across the state became a crucial resource for access to the vaccine and additional information about its efficacy and safety.

Best Practices For Performance Measurement In Transportation Operations And Maintenance, Bryan Gibson, Rachel Catchings, Chris Van Dyke, Steve Waddle, Doug Kreis

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Public agencies benefit from measuring their performance as it helps to focus employee and organizational activities. State departments of transportation have become more performance-oriented over the past two decades and routinely collect data on highway safety, infrastructure condition, system operations, project delivery, winter maintenance, transit, bicycle and pedestrian facilities, and customer service. While the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC) use performance measures in a variety of areas, the agency wants to adopt new metrics related to mobility and the responsiveness of maintenance operations. This report documents performance measurement strategies used at state transportation agencies throughout the country and proposes new performance …

Aspergillus Section Flavi, Need For A Robust Taxonomy, Renee Arias, Valerie A. Orner, Jaime Martinez-Castillo, Victor S. Sobolev

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

In a recent letter to the editor, Houbraken et al. (23) provide a series of recommendations to the microbiological community to prevent the taxonomic misidentification of genome-sequenced fungal strains. In the era of genomics and bioinformatics, postulating that 1 nucleotide (nt) within a gene can “correctly” identify a species does not seem plausible. However, the authors of the letter call this the “calmodulin barcode,” meaning nucleotide substitutions within a 506-nt region of the calmodulin gene (1). After the evolutionarily conserved rRNA (18S rRNA, internal transcribed spacer [ITS], 28S rRNA) and RNA polymerase II (2–4) showed no differences between Aspergillus flavus …

Genetic Mapping And Qtl Analysis For Peanut Smut Resistance, Francisco J. De Blas, Cecilia I. Bruno, Renee Arias, Carolina Ballén-Taborda, Eva Mamani, Claudio Oddino, Melina Rosso, Beatriz P. Costero, Marina Bressano, Juan H. Soave, Sara J. Soave, Mario I. Buteler, J. Guillermo Seijo, Alicia Massa

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Background: Peanut smut is a disease caused by the fungus Thecaphora frezii Carranza & Lindquist to which most commercial cultivars in South America are highly susceptible. It is responsible for severely decreased yield and no effective chemical treatment is available to date. However, smut resistance has been identified in wild Arachis species and further transferred to peanut elite cultivars. To identify the genome regions conferring smut resistance within a tetraploid genetic background, this study evaluated a RIL population {susceptible Arachis hypogaea subsp. hypogaea (JS17304-7-B) × resistant synthetic amphidiploid (JS1806) [A. correntina (K 11905) × A. cardenasii (KSSc 36015)] × A. …

The Genome Of The Stable Fly, Stomoxys Calcitrans, Reveals Potential Mechanisms Underlying Reproduction, Host Interactions, And Novel Targets For Pest Control, Pia U. Olafson, Serap Aksoy, Geoffrey M. Attardo, Greta Buckmeier, Xiaoting Chen, Craig J. Coates, Megan Davis, Justin Dykema, Scott J. Emrich, Markus Friedrich, Christopher J. Holmes, Panagiotis Ioannidis, Evan N. Jansen, Emily C. Jennings, Daniel Lawson, Ellen O. Martinson, Gareth L. Maslen, Richard P. Meisel, Terence D. Murphy, Dana Nayduch, David R. Nelson, Kennan J. Oyen, Tyler J. Raszick, José M.C. Ribeiro, Hugh M. Robertson, Andrew J. Rosendale, Timothy B. Sackton, Perot Saelao, Sonja L. Swiger, Sing Hoi Sze, Aaron M. Tarone, David B. Taylor, Wesley C. Warren, Robert M. Waterhouse, Matthew T. Weirauch, John H. Werren, Richard K. Wilson, Evgeny M. Zdobnov, Joshua B. Benoit

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Background: The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, is a major blood-feeding pest of livestock that has near worldwide distribution, causing an annual cost of over $2 billion for control and product loss in the USA alone. Control of these flies has been limited to increased sanitary management practices and insecticide application for suppressing larval stages. Few genetic and molecular resources are available to help in developing novel methods for controlling stable flies. Results: This study examines stable fly biology by utilizing a combination of high-quality genome sequencing and RNA-Seq analyses targeting multiple developmental stages and tissues. In conjunction, 1600 genes were …

Covid-19 Vaccine Acceptance In Older Syrian Refugees: Preliminary Findings From An Ongoing Study, Noura Salibi, Sawsan Abdulrahim, Maria El Haddad, Stephanie Bassil, Zeina El Khoury, Hala Ghattas Ph.D., Stephen J. Mccall

Faculty Publications

This study assesses COVID-19 vaccine intentions among a sample of older Syrian refugee beneficiaries of a humanitarian organization in Lebanon, and explores factors associated with vaccine refusal. The findings are part of an ongoing rotating 4-wave panel study. The sample was limited to participants from the first panel who completed a phone interview between January-February 2021. Out of 1,037 beneficiaries, almost a third (29%) reported no intention to vaccinate. Reasons for refusal were: newness of the vaccine (35%); preference to maintain precaution measures (21%); belief that the COVID-19 vaccine is not essential (21%); and other (23%). COVID-19 vaccine refusal was …

Occasions, Purposes, And Contexts For Offering Snacks To Preschool-Aged Children: Schemas Of Caregivers With Low-Income Backgrounds, Christine E. Blake, Kirsten K. Davison, Rachel E. Blaine, Jennifer O. Fisher

Faculty Publications

Objective Snacking among preschool aged children is nearly universal and has been associated with overconsumed nutrients, particularly solid fats and added sugars (SoFAS). This research examined caregivers’ schemas, or cognitive frameworks, for offering snacks to preschool-aged children.

Methods A qualitative design utilizing card sort methods was employed. Participants were 59 Black, Hispanic, and White caregivers of children aged 3–5 years with low-income backgrounds. Caregivers sorted 63 cards with images of commonly consumed foods/beverages by preschool-aged children in three separate card sorts to characterize snacking occasions, purposes, and contexts. The mean SoFAS content (kcal/100 g) of foods/beverages was evaluated by snacking …

Actions In Global Nutrition Initiatives To Promote Sustainable Healthy Diets, Ligia I. Reyes, Shilpa V. Constantinides, Shiva Bhandari, Edward A. Frongillo Jr. Ph.D., Pepijn Schreinemachers, Sigrid Wertheim-Heck, Helen Walls, Michelle Holdsworth, Amos Laar, Tuan Nguyen, Christopher Turner, Kate Wallard, Christine E. Blake Ph.D., Rd

Faculty Publications

Multiple recent global nutrition initiatives have recommended actions to transform food systems to improve food environments and food choice. This study aimed to identify actions recommended by these initiatives and understand their similarities and differences. Twelve global nutrition initiatives were reviewed, collectively spanning 13 action themes and accompanying strategies. Action themes were analyzed according to primary focus on either food environments and their food system drivers or food choice. Representation of the 13 actions varied across initiatives. Some actions overlapped; others were infrequently represented. Strategies targeting food environments and their food system drivers were more frequently recommended than strategies targeting …

Fostering Distance Education: Lessons From A United States-England Partnered Collaborative Online International Learning Approach, Lucy A. Ingram, Courtney M. Monroe, Haley Wright, Amy Burrell, Rebecca Jenks, Simon Cheung, Daniela B. Friedman Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) is a teaching and learning approach whereby entire courses or modules are co-developed and team taught by instructors from different institutions for students of both institutions. Since 2006, the approach has been gaining in mass appeal; however, considering our present-day global coronavirus pandemic, COILs have a renewed relevance in academia. Faculty from the University of South Carolina (United States) and Coventry University (England) embarked on a COIL partnership yielding a valuable experience that can serve as a model for other institutions that are interested in developing innovative and cross-cultural distance learning opportunities. The purpose of …

Agent Based Modeling Of The Spread Of Social Unrest Based On Infectious Disease Spread Model, Anup Adhikari

School of Computing: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Social unrest activities are the tools for people to show dissatisfaction, and often people are motivated by similar unrest activities in another region. This causes a spread of unrest activities across space and time. In this thesis, we model the spread of social unrest across time and space. The underlying novel methodology is to model the regions as agents that transition from one state to another based on changes in their environment. The methodology involves (1) creating a region vector for each agent based on socio-demographic, cultural, economic, infrastructural, geographic, and environmental (SCEIGE) factors, (2) formulating neighborhood distance function to …

Genome Annotation Using Average Mutual Information, Garin P. Newcomb

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Advancements in high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies and ambitious goals for their use are resulting in the generation of a deluge of unannotated sequenced genomes. This makes computational tools that can aid in annotation increasingly valuable.

Here, we provide a detailed exploration of the utility as well as the limitations of average mutual information (AMI) in several steps of genome annotation. For a genomic sequence, AMI is a measure of the information a base contains about the base separated by a fixed lag. A profile is constructed by calculating AMI at multiple lags. In addition to traditional AMI, we employ two …

Risk-Based Machine Learning Approaches For Probabilistic Transient Stability, Umair Shahzad

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Power systems are getting more complex than ever and are consequently operating close to their limit of stability. Moreover, with the increasing demand of renewable wind generation, and the requirement to maintain a secure power system, the importance of transient stability cannot be overestimated. Considering its significance in power system security, it is important to propose a different approach for enhancing the transient stability, considering uncertainties. Current deterministic industry practices of transient stability assessment ignore the probabilistic nature of variables (fault type, fault location, fault clearing time, etc.). These approaches typically provide a conservative criterion and can result in expensive …

Detecting And Evaluating Cracks On Aging Concrete Members With Deep Convolutional Neural Networks, Brendan Barnes

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Cracks in concrete structures are evaluated through a timely and subjective manual inspection. The location of cracks is often recorded in an inspection report where some cracks are measured. Although measurements or locations may not be necessary for all cracks observed in concrete members, if quantitative data can be gathered in an autonomous way, allowing measurement data to be used in tracking changes in spatial and temporal scales, this quantitative data can provide useful information not yet captured in the manual inspection process. This thesis aims to construct an image-based crack detection and evaluation pipeline that can assist health monitoring …

Comparative Analysis Of Kmer Counting And Estimation Tools, Ankitha Vejandla

School of Computing: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The rapid development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies for determining the sequence of DNA has revolutionized genome research in recent years. De novo assemblers are the most commonly used tools to perform genome assembly. Most of the assemblers use de Bruijn graphs that break the sequenced reads into smaller sequences (sub-strings), called kmers, where k denotes the length of the sub-strings. The kmer counting and analysis of kmer frequency distribution are important in genome assembly. The main goal of this research is to provide a detailed analysis of the performance of different kmer counting and estimation tools that are currently …

An Acute Naproxen Dose Does Not Affect Core Temperature Or Interleukin-6 During Cycling In A Hot Environment, Dawn M. Emerson, Stephen Cl Chen, Toni M. Torres-Mcgehee, Craig E. Pfeifer, Charles C. Emerson, J Mark Davis

Faculty Publications

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs' anti-pyretic and anti-inflammatory effects has led some individuals to theorize these medications may blunt core body temperature (Tc) increases during exercise. We utilized a double-blind, randomized, and counterbalanced cross-over design to examine the effects of a 24-h naproxen dose (3-220 mg naproxen pills) and placebo (0 mg naproxen) on Tc and plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentrations during cycling in a hot or ambient environment. Participants ( = 11; 6 male, 5 female; age = 27.8 ± 6.5 years, weight = 79.1 ± 17.9 kg, height = 177 ± 9.5 cm) completed 4 conditions: 1) placebo and ambient (Control); …

Oer And Entrepreneurship Education: Two Subjects Made For One Another, Jay Fulgencio

OER & Beyond - Blog Archive

Throughout my experiences in teaching, one of my favorite subjects to teach is entrepreneurship. The entrepreneurship eld is ever-changing, and there is no better skill than to teach students entrepreneurial skills that can bene t their career even if they do not want to open their own business. However, Open Education Resources (OER) material for an entrepreneurship course is vague, and you have to rely on the signi cant textbook publishers for an adequate entrepreneurship textbook. As an entrepreneurship instructor, there is no better time than for entrepreneurship educators to build OER content. The resources are plentiful, but experts need …

Swallow's Nest: Birdwatching Poems, Karissa Wehri

Greenway Press Chapbooks

No abstract provided.

The Year Of Brood Viii, Jona L. Pederson

Greenway Press Chapbooks

No abstract provided.

Immigration Law—Creating Consistency In Domestic Violence Asylum Cases, Zoya Miller

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

No abstract provided.

Time To Mail It In? A Survey Of 2020 Voting Rights Issues In Arkansas And Recommendations For More Inclusive Elections, Kim Vu-Dinh

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

The highly contagious COVID-19 pandemic, combined with over fifty lawsuits brought by former President Donald Trump, made the general election of 2020 one of the most controversial in the history of the United States. Accusations of voter disenfranchisement proliferated across the nation and were initiated by members of both sides of the political spectrum, even before Election Day. Arkansas was no exception to this rule. In 2020, multiple Arkansas lawsuits highlighted the weaknesses of the state’s voter infrastructure, particularly with regard to the absentee ballot process. Voting-by-mail was particularly important in the pandemic year when long lines became a public …

Yazzie V. Hobbs: The 2020 Election And Voting By Mail On- And Off-Reservation In Arizona, Jean Reith Schroedel, Kara Mazareas, Joseph Dietrich, Jamaica Bacus-Crawford

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

During the 2020 election, voting by mail was touted as a way to safely vote from home and avoid the risks of contracting COVID-19. While voting by mail is definitely safer than in-person voting, it also assumes that all citizens have equal access to the mail services needed for voting by mail. Lawyers, acting on behalf of Navajo plaintiffs in Arizona, argued in Yazzie et al. v. Hobbs (2020) that voters living on the Navajo Nation faced impermissible barriers in accessing voting by mail. They provided evidence showing there was limited mail service on the reservation and that mail delivery …