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Diversity, Population Structure, And Linkage Disequilibrium Among Cowpea Accessions, Sodedji Frejus Ariel Kpedetin, Symphorien Agbahoungba, Eric Echikintho Agoyi, Médard Konoutan Kafoutchoni, Jaeyoung Choi, Simon-Pierre Assanvo Nguetta, Achille Ephrem Assogbadjo, Ho-Youn Kim

All Rsif Scholars' Publications

Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata(L.) Walp] is a globally important food security crop.However, it is susceptible to pest and disease; hence, constant breeding efforts basedon its diversity are required for its improvement. The present study aims to investigatethe genetic diversity, population structure, and linkage disequilibrium (LD) among274  cowpea  accessions  from  different  origins.  A  total  of  3,127  single  nucleotidepolymorphism (SNP) markers generated using diversity array technology (DArT)was used. Population structure, neighbor-joining clustering, and principal componentanalyses indicated three subpopulations within the germplasm. Results of STRUC-TURE  analysis  and  discriminant  analysis  of  principal  components  (DAPC)  werecomplementary in assessing the structuration of the diversity among the germplasm,with …

Nanobodies: Their Potential For Applications In Biotechnology, Diagnosis And Antiviral Properties In Africa; Focus On Application In Agriculture, Faith Njeri Njeru, Paul Mbogo Kusolwab

All Rsif Scholars' Publications

Antibodies are key elements in routine immunological tests, having a long history in detection of plant pathogens due to their specificity, reliability and fast performance. Heavy chain-only antibodies (HCAbs), circulating in the blood of camels are IgG isotypes that lack the light (L) chains and the heavy (H) chain is depleted of the first constant domain (CH1). The HCAbs interact with the antigen by virtue of only one single variable domain, referred to as VHH or nanobody (Nb). Owing to their unique properties: nanometer scale size, robust structure, stable and soluble behaviour in aqueous solution, high affinity and specificity for …

Prevalence And Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles Of Staphylococcus Aureus From Raw Bovine Milk In Dairy And Pastoral Farms In Morogoro Region, Tanzania, Nancy Kalee, Gahamanyi Noel, Abubakar S. Hoza

All Rsif Scholars' Publications

Increased resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolates to existing antimicrobials constitutes a major concern in human and veterinary medicine. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, and molecular characteristics of S. aureus from raw bovine milk in dairy and pastoral farms in Morogoro urban and Mvomero districts, Tanzania. In a cross-sectional study, 397 raw bovine milk samples were collected and carried to the laboratory. Conventional Gram staining, colony morphology on blood agar, and mannitol salt agar, along with biochemical tests, were used for S. aureus identification. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed using the disk diffusion method, while …

Elucidation Of Multi-Origin Inula Helenium L. For Antimicrobial Activity And Heavy Metal Profiling As An Exemplar For The Use And Regulation Of Plants As Antibiotics., Ciara Ruth Kenny

Theses

An impending post-antibiotic era looms, thus new sources of therapeutic chemical entities are crucial to sustain effective antimicrobial chemotherapy worldwide. Plant natural products are a source of accessible, structurally diverse compounds that provide therapeutic potential. The pharmacological applications of plants in medicine can be guided by the attestation of traditional use or the application of this knowledge to uncover new leads in the drug discovery process. The range of modified in vitro methods commonly used to investigate preclinical antimicrobial efficacy of plant-derived natural products, and the associated limitations and challenges in the provision of new antimicrobial drugs from plants is …

Retrospective Review Of Pharmacogenetic Testing At An Academic Children's Hospital., Timothy A. Roberts, Jennifer A. Wagner, Tracy L. Sandritter, Benjamin T. Black, Andrea Gaedigk, Stephani L. Stancil

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

There is limited evidence to support pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing in children. We conducted a retrospective review of PGx testing among 452 patients at an academic children's hospital to determine the potential utility of PGx in diseases of childhood and to identify targets for future pediatric pharmacogenetic research. An actionable gene-drug pair associated with the 28 genes tested (Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) level A or B, Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base (PharmGKB) level 1A or B, or US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommendation and a PharmGKB level) was present in 98.7% of patients. We identified 203 actionable gene-drug-diagnosis groups based on …

Forensic Experts’ Perspectives On Australian Indigenous Sexual Offenders And Factors Important In Evaluating The Risk Of Recidivism, Alfred Allan, Cate L. Parry, Hilde Tubex, Caroline Spiranovic, Frank Morgan

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Law and ethics require that risk assessment should be cross-culturally valid and fair, but Australian research in this regard is underdeveloped. A logical first step in progressing the work required to build a strong evidence base on culturally sensitive risk assessment in Australia is to determine the expert views of those in the field. We interviewed 13 Australian evaluators who assess Indigenous sexual offenders’ recidivism risk to determine their perceptions of the risk assessment instruments they use and the attributes they believe evaluators doing cross-cultural assessments should have. Our central findings are that evaluators use the available instruments because they …

Awareness And Knowledge Of Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Survey Of Caregivers, Teachers, Allied Health Professionals And Medical Professionals In Australia, Jacqui Hunt, Jill G. Zwicker, Erin Godecke, Annette Raynor

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background:

To allow for accurate and timely diagnosis of developmental coordination disorder (DCD) key stakeholders must be familiar with and be able to identify features of this disorder. No studies to date have investigated the awareness of DCD among key stakeholders in Australia.

Methods:

An online survey was complete by 494 Australian participants: primary caregivers (n = 153), teachers (n = 149), allied health professionals (n = 165) and medical professionals (n = 27).

Results:

DCD and related terms were among the least known childhood disorders. Approximately half of the sample were familiar with the term …

What Lies Beneath: Predicting Seagrass Below-Ground Biomass From Above-Ground Biomass, Environmental Conditions And Seagrass Community Composition, C. J. Collier, L. M. Langlois, Kathryn M. Mcmahon, J. Udy, M. Rasheed, E. Lawrence, A. B. Carter, M. W. Fraser, L. J. Mckenzie

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 Seagrass condition, resilience and ecosystem services are affected by the below-ground tissues (BGr) but these are rarely monitored. In this study we compiled historical data across northern Australia to investigate biomass allocation strategies in 13 tropical seagrass species. There was sufficient data to undertake statistical analysis for five species: Cymodocea serrulata, Halophila ovalis, Halodule uninervis, Thalassia hemprichii, and Zostera muelleri. The response of below-ground biomass (BGr) to above-ground biomass (AGr) and other environmental and seagrass community composition predictor variables were assessed using Generalized Linear Models. Environmental data included: region, season, sediment type, water depth, proximity to land-based sources …

Towards Predicting Dnapl Source Zone Formation To Improve Plume Assessment: Using Robust Laboratory And Numerical Experiments To Evaluate The Relevance Of Retention Curve Characteristics, Christian Engelmann, Kaveh Sookhak Lari, Luisa Schmidt, Charles J. Werth, Marc Walther

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 The Authors We conducted multiple laboratory trials in a robust and repeatable experimental layout to study dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) source zone formation. We extended an image processing and analysis framework to derive DNAPL saturation distributions from reflective optical imaging data, with volume balance deviations < 5.07%. We used a multiphase flow model to simulate source zone formation in a Monte Carlo approach, where the parameter space was defined by the variation of retention curve parameters. Integral and geometric measures were used to characterize the source zones and implemented into a multi-criteria objective function. The latter showed good agreement between observation data and simulation results for effective DNAPL saturation values > 0.04, especially for early stages of DNAPL migration. The common hypothesis that parameters defining the DNAPL-water retention curves are constant over time was not confirmed. Once DNAPL pooling started, the optimal fit in the parameter space was significantly different compared to the earlier DNAPL migration stages. We suspect more complex processes (e.g., …

Mental Health Consequences Of Covid-19 Media Coverage: The Need For Effective Crisis Communication Practices, Zhaohui Su, Dean Mcdonnell, Jun Wen, Metin Kozak, Jaffar Abbas, Sabina Šegalo, Xiaoshan Li, Junaid Ahmad, Ali Cheshmehzangi, Yuyang Cai, Ling Yang, Yu Tao Xiang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2021, The Author(s). During global pandemics, such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), crisis communication is indispensable in dispelling fears, uncertainty, and unifying individuals worldwide in a collective fight against health threats. Inadequate crisis communication can bring dire personal and economic consequences. Mounting research shows that seemingly endless newsfeeds related to COVID-19 infection and death rates could considerably increase the risk of mental health problems. Unfortunately, media reports that include infodemics regarding the influence of COVID-19 on mental health may be a source of the adverse psychological effects on individuals. Owing partially to insufficient crisis communication practices, media and news …

Titanium Nitride Thin Film Based Low‐Redox‐Interference Potentiometric Ph Sensing Electrodes, Shimrith Paul Shylendra, Wade Lonsdale, Magdalena Wajrak, Mohammad Nur‐E‐Alam, Kamal Alameh

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

In this work, a solid‐state potentiometric pH sensor is designed by incorporating a thin film of Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtered (RFMS) Titanium Nitride (TiN) working electrode and a commercial Ag|AgCl|KCl double junction reference electrode. The sensor shows a linear pH slope of −59.1 mV/pH, R2 = 0.9997, a hysteresis as low as 1.2 mV, and drift below 3.9 mV/hr. In addition, the redox interference performance of TiN electrodes is compared with that of Iridium Oxide (IrO2) counterparts. Experimental results show −32mV potential shift (E0 value) in 1 mM ascorbic acid (reducing …

Using Social Media In Health Literacy Research: A Promising Example Involving Facebook With Young Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Males From The Top End Of The Northern Territory, James A. Smith, Anthony Merlino, Ben Christie, Mick Adams, Jason Bonson, Richard H. Osborne, Murray Drummond, Barry Judd, David Aanundsen, Jesse Fleay, Himanshu Gupta

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This brief report describes three key lessons learned during a health literacy research project with young Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander males from the Top End of the Northern Territory (NT), Australia. More specifically, it is a methodologically focused paper that discusses processes associated with using a combination of yarning sessions and social media content as tools to unpack conceptualisations of health and well‐being among this marginalised population. The lessons discussed include (a) the utility of using social media in providing an authentic window into the lives of a hard‐to‐reach populations; (b) the need to carefully consider ethical implications; and …

For The Children? A Mixed Methods Analysis Of World Bank Structural Adjustment Loans, Health Projects, And Infant Mortality In Latin America, Shiri Noy

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Prevalence And Correlates Of Physical Health Conditions In Jamaica And Guyana, Krim K. Lacey, Karen Powell Sears, Tazhmoye V. Crawford, Letroy O. Cummings, Sasha R. Drummond-Lewis, Rohan D. Jeremiah, James S. Jackson

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Body Temperature On Initial Bite Force In Three Species Of Rock- And Crevice-Dwelling Lizards From Mexico, Guillermo A. Woolrich-Piña, Geoffrey R. Smith, Norberto Martínez-Méndez, Julio A. Lemos-Espinal, Héctor Gadsden-Esparz

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Fecal Pellet Mass As A Function Of Body Size, Color Morph, And Season In Plethodon Cinereus (Green, 1818) (Amphibia: Plethodontidae), Geoffrey R. Smith, Abhishek V. Henry, Logan E. Smith, Wesley O. Smith

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Physical Intimate Partner Violence, Childhood Physical Abuse And Mental Health Of U.S. Caribbean Women: The Interrelationship Of Social, Contextual, And Migratory Influences, Krims K. Lacey, Regina Parnell, Sasha R. Drummond-Lewis, Maxine Wood, Karen Powell Sears

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Visions Of Childhood, Notions Of Rurality, And Anti-Bias Education: Emerging Educators Strive For Praxis, Emily Nemeth, Heather Hill

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Data Science In Undergraduate Life Science Education: A Need For Instructor Skills Training, Nathan C. Emery, Erika Crispo, Sarah R. Supp, Kaitlin J. Farrell, Andrew J. Kerkhoff

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Statistical Analysis Of Drug Seizures And Opioid Overdose Deaths In Ohio From 2014 To 2018, David White, Lam Tran, Lin Ma

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Bright Chromenylium Polymethine Dyes Enable Fast, Four-Color "In Vivo" Imaging With Shortwave Infrared Detection, Emily D. Cosco, Bernardo A. Arús, Anthony L. Spearman, Timothy Luke Atallah, Irene Lim

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Tubular J-Aggregates Of Cyanine Dyes In The Near-Infrared, Austin Bailey, Arundhati Deshmukh, Timothy Luke Atallah, Ulugbek Barotov, Monica Pengshung

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Data Science In Undergraduate Life Science Education: A Need For Instructor Skills Training, Nathan C. Emery, Erika Crispo, Sarah R. Supp, Kaitlin J. Farrell, Andrew J. Kerkhoff

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Estimating The Movements Of Terrestrial Animal Populations Using Broad-Scale Occurrence Data, Sarah R. Supp, Gil Bohrer, John Fieberg, Frank A. La Sorte

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Long‐Term Changes In Temperate Marine Fish Assemblages Are Driven By A Small Subset Of Species, Nicholas J. Gotelli, Faye Moyes, Laura H. Antão, Shane A. Blowes, Sarah R. Supp

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Maturity And Personality: What Does It Mean To Be Mature?, Samuel Mazo

Student Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Kpop's Influence On Redefining Masculinity Within Heternormative Regimes, Katherine Stolze

Student Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Race For Post Quantum Cryptography: Quantum Computing And Cyber Security, Ishaq Kothari

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

Fire Regimes Of The Anthropocene: The Influence Of Climate Change On A New Era Of Wildfires In The American West, Eric Schank

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

Green Energy In Industry: Put Green In, Get Green Out, Kayri Craig

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.