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Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Population-Matched Transcriptome Prediction Increases Discovery And Replication Rate In Twas, Elyse Geoffroy
Population-Matched Transcriptome Prediction Increases Discovery And Replication Rate In Twas, Elyse Geoffroy
Master's Theses
Most genome-wide and transcriptome-wide association studies (GWAS, TWAS) focus on European populations; however, these results cannot always be accurately applied to non-European populations due to differences in genetic architecture. Using summary statistics from GWAS in the Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) study, which comprises ~50,000 Hispanic/Latinos, African Americans, Asians, Native Hawaiians, and Native Americans, we perform transcriptome-wide association studies to determine gene-trait associations. Initially, we compared results using two transcriptome prediction models derived from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) populations: the African American (AFA) model and the Hispanic/Latino (HIS) model. We identified 141 unique genome-wide significant trait-associated …
Function Of Mllt3 In Liver Metabolism, Grace Ann Hammack
Function Of Mllt3 In Liver Metabolism, Grace Ann Hammack
Master's Theses
The chromatin regulator MLLT3 recognizes target genes through the YEATS domain that identifies post-translationally modified histones, with preference for crotonyl and acetyl marks, and recruits different multiprotein effector complexes through its C-terminal domain to target genes. To study the role of MLLT3 in gene regulation, the Zeleznik-Le and Hemenway labs developed Mllt3 whole-body knockout (Mllt3;Rosa26-CreERT2) mice. These mice have a hematopoietic stem cell phenotype and an unexpected obesity and hepatic steatosis phenotype. It was unknown whether these phenotypes were from liver intrinsic effects or influenced by other parts of the body. To study this fatty liver phenotype further, Mllt3;Alb-Cre were …
Assessing The Role Of The Interaction Between Polyamines And Heparan Sulfate In Coxsackievirus B3 Viral Infection, Oreoluwa Omoba
Assessing The Role Of The Interaction Between Polyamines And Heparan Sulfate In Coxsackievirus B3 Viral Infection, Oreoluwa Omoba
Master's Theses
Non-polioenteroviruses are highly infectious viruses that typically cause mild asymptomatic cases but can cause severe disease such as aseptic meningitis and dilated cardiomyopathy. Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is a member of this group and is prevalent in the United States and Eastern Asia. Viruses like CVB3 rely on the host cell for many molecules in order to replicate. One such set of molecules is the polyamines. Polyamines are small, positively charged molecules that play a role in a multitude of cellular processes including RNA/DNA stabilization, gene expression, translation, and regulating membrane fluidity. Previous studies have shown CVB3 relies on polyamines for …
Elucidating Regulatory Connections Between The Second Messenger Cyclic-Di-Gmp With Biofilm And Motility Phenotypes Of Vibrio Fischeri, Ali Razvi
Master's Theses
The symbiosis between the gram-negative marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri and its host Euprymna Scolopes occurs when the bacteria reaches and colonizes the light organ. This pathway to colonization begins in the outer marine environment and finishes within the deep crypts of the light organ, with states of biofilm formation and dispersal in between. This switch between biofilm formation to dispersal is important as the bacteria transitions from the surface on the light organ into a pore leading to the interior of the light organ. This dispersal is regulated by LAP system which is dependent on the second messenger c-di-GMP. Through …
Characterization Of Alcohol-Mediated Promotion Of Breast Cancer Stem Cells, Mckenna Below
Characterization Of Alcohol-Mediated Promotion Of Breast Cancer Stem Cells, Mckenna Below
Master's Theses
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in women globally, and one in eight women will be diagnosed with breast cancer at some point in her life. Alcohol consumption has been linked to increase breast cancer risk and increased risk of tumor recurrence. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of modifiable lifestyle factors such as alcohol consumption will help to lower these risks and design more effective therapeutic approaches. Estrogen Receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer comprises approximately 70% of all breast cancers, and these tumors are effectively targeted by endocrine therapy in the form of estrogen deprivation with aromatase inhibitors, …
Advancing Our Understanding Of Mechanosensitive Microtubule Acetylation In Neurons, Margaret Earl Utgaard
Advancing Our Understanding Of Mechanosensitive Microtubule Acetylation In Neurons, Margaret Earl Utgaard
Master's Theses
Stiffness is a signaling cue in the brain, and neuronal response to stiffness impacts development, injury and disease. Mechanotransduction is the process of cells interpreting and converting mechanical cues to biochemical signals. Tubulin acetylation increases microtubule stability and could be mechanosensitive. The impact of stiffness on tubulin acetylation and role of septins is the focus of this project.It was hypothesized that stiffer surfaces would increase tubulin acetylation. SH-SY5Y cells were plated on varying stiffness and the ratio of acetylated to alpha tubulin was measured using immunocytochemistry. This study found SH-SY5Y cells had the highest acetylation on hard surfaces. SH-SY5Y cells …
Characterization And Targeting Of Voltage-Gated Ion Channels In Meningioma Cell Lines, Erik White
Characterization And Targeting Of Voltage-Gated Ion Channels In Meningioma Cell Lines, Erik White
Master's Theses
Meningiomas (MN) are primary brain tumors originating in the meningeal covering of the central nervous system. These tissues can evolve through familial inheritance (NF2, Cowden Syndrome, or Werner Syndrome) or sporadic mutations. The WHO categorizes MNs into three grades (I-III); Grade I contain benign tumors and Grade III the most aggressive. Increasing grade coincides with an increase in genetic diversity, making universal treatments difficult. MNs are typically treated with hydroxyurea (HU), but this chemotherapy agent has many adverse side effects, leading to research in less toxic options. This study uses ion channel antagonists for T- and L-type calcium channels using …
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Prophages And Engineered Temperate Phages, Genevieve Johnson
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Prophages And Engineered Temperate Phages, Genevieve Johnson
Master's Theses
The rising rate of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a global health concern, and the Pseudomonas aeruginosa is estimated to be a leader in serious threats. Bacteriophages, or viruses that infect bacteria, have gained renewed interest in Western Medicine as an alternative to antibiotics. Phage therapy of P. aeruginosa infections has primarily focused on obligately lytic phages. However, prophages, or phages in the lysogenic life cycle, are estimated to far outnumber obligately lytic phages. In theory, these prophages can be genetically modified to be obligately lytic and thus ideal candidates for phage therapy. To date there has not been a comprehensive analysis …
Ethnic Racial Socialization, Ethnic Identity, And Internalizing Outcomes In The Context Of Stress Among Mexican Origin Families, Sarah Alicia Jolie
Ethnic Racial Socialization, Ethnic Identity, And Internalizing Outcomes In The Context Of Stress Among Mexican Origin Families, Sarah Alicia Jolie
Master's Theses
Research demonstrates that it is important to study the impact of cultural factors on child development and well-being (Garcia Coll et al., 1996). Among Latino youth, ethnic racial socialization and ethnic identity have been associated with positive outcomes, such as academic competence and lower reports of internalizing problems (Liu & Lau, 2013; Berkel et al., 2010; Umaña-Taylor & Guimond, 2010). Additionally, there is evidence of ethnic identity mediating the association between ethnic racial socialization and child internalizing symptoms among Mexican-origin adolescents (Umaña-Taylor et al., 2014). However, more research is needed in examining these associations within stressful contexts relevant to Latino …
Rethinking Intimacy: Liberation Through Decolonial & Queer World-Making, Michelle Mae Mcguire
Rethinking Intimacy: Liberation Through Decolonial & Queer World-Making, Michelle Mae Mcguire
Master's Theses
Relationships play an important role in both the private and public spheres of our lives. If we understand our bodies to be the vessels through which we interact with all other objects, we come to understand the process of world-making as a summation of our relationships. Intimacy is the prevailing structure that helps assign meaning to these relationships. Intimacy binds together unfixed spatial and social relations that stretch across time and space. This essay examines the three intersecting sets of relations involved in intimacy as a means to deconstruct heteropatriarchal order and highlight the multiplicity of attachments and relationships that …
Lactobacillus Metabolite-Mediated Induction Of Bacteriophage, Taylor Miller-Ensminger
Lactobacillus Metabolite-Mediated Induction Of Bacteriophage, Taylor Miller-Ensminger
Master's Theses
Once considered sterile in the absence of an infection, the female urinary tract is home to a diverse community (microbiota) of bacterial species and bacteriophage (phage), viruses that infect bacteria A dominant member of the female urinary microbiota is the bacterial genus Lactobacillus. Several Lactobacillus species are even associated with urinary health. Phage infectious of bacteria in the urinary tract tend to replicate through one of two life cycles: the lytic (active) life cycle or the lysogenic (dormant) life cycle. Temperate phage can switch from the lysogenic life cycle to the lytic life cycle in the presence of an environmental …
The Role Of Intersensory Redundancy In Face Recognition In 5- And 12-Month-Old Infants, Aslı Bursalıoğlu
The Role Of Intersensory Redundancy In Face Recognition In 5- And 12-Month-Old Infants, Aslı Bursalıoğlu
Master's Theses
The goal of this study was to examine the role of audiovisual synchrony in 5- and 12-month-old infants’ attention to and processing of face stimuli. Infants were tested using an online platform called Lookit. In the first phase of the experiment, infants were familiarized with two videos presented simultaneously and side-by-side. Each video displayed a woman speaking in an infant-directed manner. A soundtrack was played that matched one of the videos (experimental condition) or neither of the videos (control condition). It was hypothesized that synchronous audiovisual presentation would attract infants’ attention and promote processing, especially among 12-month-olds. Visual-paired comparison (VPC) …
Menstrual Pain Trajectories And Their Psychological And Behavioral Predictors, Hannah Marie Alves Hagy
Menstrual Pain Trajectories And Their Psychological And Behavioral Predictors, Hannah Marie Alves Hagy
Master's Theses
Despite the high prevalence of menstrual pain (i.e., dysmenorrhea) and the negative impact on quality of life, there is a dearth of research on how menstrual pain changes over time. There is also a critical need to understand psychological and behavioral predictors of these menstrual pain trajectories because dysmenorrhea is a known risk factor for the development of chronic pelvic pain (CPP) and chronic non-pelvic pain (CNPP). Given that current treatments for CPP and CNPP have had limited success, developing preventative strategies for dysmenorrhea is of high importance. Relying on longitudinal survey data collected as part of a larger investigation, …
Kinship Involvement And Strength Development In The Child Welfare System, Nicole Amper Hodgkinson
Kinship Involvement And Strength Development In The Child Welfare System, Nicole Amper Hodgkinson
Master's Theses
For youth involved in the Child Welfare System (CWS), maltreatment and ecological losses pose enormous challenges to healthy development. Kin and fictive kin involvement, a current CWS priority, may have the potential to aid in strength development; however, little is known about its role in this process. The current study explored the following aims: (1) identify the role of kin and fictive kin in strength development (2) investigate the impact of maltreatment on initial strength levels and their development over time and (3) examine the extent to which kinship involvement interacts with prior maltreatment to buffer the impact of maltreatment …
Risk Factors And Knowledge Associated With High Unintended Pregnancy Rates And Low Family Planning Use Among Pregnant Women In Papua New Guinea, Elizabeth Peach, Christopher Morgan, Michelle J. L. Scoullar, Freya J. I. Fowkes, Elissa Kennedy, Pele Melepia, Primrose Homiehombo, Lucy Au, Stanley Luchters, Alexandra J. Umbers
Risk Factors And Knowledge Associated With High Unintended Pregnancy Rates And Low Family Planning Use Among Pregnant Women In Papua New Guinea, Elizabeth Peach, Christopher Morgan, Michelle J. L. Scoullar, Freya J. I. Fowkes, Elissa Kennedy, Pele Melepia, Primrose Homiehombo, Lucy Au, Stanley Luchters, Alexandra J. Umbers
Population Health, East Africa
Unintended pregnancy is a major driver of poor maternal and child health in resource-limited settings. Data on pregnancy intention and use of family planning (FP) is scarce in Papua New Guinea (PNG), but are needed to inform public health strategies to improve FP accessibility and uptake. Data from a facility-based cross-sectional sample of 699 pregnant women assessed prevalence and predictors of unintended pregnancy and modern FP use among pregnant women in East New Britain Province, PNG. More than half (55%) the women reported their pregnancy as unintended. Few (18%) reported ever having used a modern FP method, and knowledge of …
Developing A Self-Assessment Instrument To Evaluate Practice-Readiness Among Student Pharmacists, Channing Ford, Kevin N. Astle, Erika L. Kleppinger, Jeanna Sewell, Amber Hutchison, Kimberly B. Garza
Developing A Self-Assessment Instrument To Evaluate Practice-Readiness Among Student Pharmacists, Channing Ford, Kevin N. Astle, Erika L. Kleppinger, Jeanna Sewell, Amber Hutchison, Kimberly B. Garza
Research, Publications & Creative Work
This chapter explores the role of self-assessment in the development of professional identity formation within student pharmacists.
Evaluating The Impact Of A Longitudinal Patient Case On The Development Of Professionalism And Professional Identity, Kimberly B. Garza, Lindsey E. Moseley, Bradley M. Wright, Channing R. Ford
Evaluating The Impact Of A Longitudinal Patient Case On The Development Of Professionalism And Professional Identity, Kimberly B. Garza, Lindsey E. Moseley, Bradley M. Wright, Channing R. Ford
Research, Publications & Creative Work
This article explores the student outcomes of a progressive case on the development of professional identity and professionalism within first-year student pharmacists.
Victim-Blaming In Disguise? Supervisors’ Accounts Of Problems In Healthcare Delivery, Kendra Jason, Brianna Turgeon
Victim-Blaming In Disguise? Supervisors’ Accounts Of Problems In Healthcare Delivery, Kendra Jason, Brianna Turgeon
Research, Publications & Creative Work
Using data from 77 supervisors in seven hospitals across the U.S. that participated in a national workforce development program for low-wage frontline workers, we explain how supervisors justified and reproduced social inequalities by accepting culture of poverty and neoliberal discourses and how supervisors used these discourses to resolve identity-work dilemmas. We demonstrate how supervisors engaged in identity talk that justified deprivation for workers and shielded management from blame. We discuss how supervisors subtly invoked class, race, and gender stereotypes—and thus reproduced ideologies supportive of structural inequalities—as they crafted accounts that drew attention away from economic and organizational problems and focused …
Effects Of Beetroot Juice Supplementation On Cognitive Function, Aerobic And Anaerobic Performances Of Trained Male Taekwondo Athletes: A Pilot Study, Hossein Miraftabi, Zahra Avazpoor, Erfan Berjisian, Amir Sarshin, Sajjad Rezaei, Raul Dominguez, Reid Reale, Emerson Franchini, Mohammad Hossein Samanipour, Majid S. Koozehchian, Mark E.T. Willems, Ramin Rafiei, Alireza Naderi
Effects Of Beetroot Juice Supplementation On Cognitive Function, Aerobic And Anaerobic Performances Of Trained Male Taekwondo Athletes: A Pilot Study, Hossein Miraftabi, Zahra Avazpoor, Erfan Berjisian, Amir Sarshin, Sajjad Rezaei, Raul Dominguez, Reid Reale, Emerson Franchini, Mohammad Hossein Samanipour, Majid S. Koozehchian, Mark E.T. Willems, Ramin Rafiei, Alireza Naderi
Research, Publications & Creative Work
: Studies have shown that nitrate (NO3 −)-rich beetroot juice (BJ) supplementation improves endurance and high-intensity intermittent exercise. The dose–response effects on taekwondo following BJ supplementation are yet to be determined. This study aimed to investigate two acute doses of 400 mg of NO3 − (BJ-400) and 800 mg of NO3 − (BJ-800) on taekwondo-specific performance and cognitive function tests compared with a placebo (PL) and control (CON) conditions. Eight trained male taekwondo athletes (age: 20 ± 4 years, height: 180 ± 2 cm, body mass: 64.8 ± 4.0 kg) completed four experimental trials using a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled design: …
Exploring Standardized Persons' Expectations For Practice-Readiness Among Student Pharmacists, Channing R. Ford, Kevin N. Astle, Kimberly B. Garza, Erika L. Kleppinger
Exploring Standardized Persons' Expectations For Practice-Readiness Among Student Pharmacists, Channing R. Ford, Kevin N. Astle, Kimberly B. Garza, Erika L. Kleppinger
Research, Publications & Creative Work
Although patient expectations and preferences for healthcare selection have been described in the literature, there are no studies exploring what qualities and behaviors standardized persons (SPs) identify for the practice-ready pharmacist. This manuscript explores those qualities and behaviors within an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) to determine SP interest in having the student as their pharmacy provider. Methods: Using open-ended questions via a Qualtrics survey, SPs were asked to provide qualities and behaviors they associated with each of three practice-readiness rating levels. Using a constant comparative approach, the researchers coded the collected data over multiple stages to allow for authentic …
Student Perceptions Of Authoring A Publication Stemming From A Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience (Cure), Ashley N. Turner, Anil K. Challa, Katelyn M. Cooper
Student Perceptions Of Authoring A Publication Stemming From A Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience (Cure), Ashley N. Turner, Anil K. Challa, Katelyn M. Cooper
Research, Publications & Creative Work
Course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) engage students in authentic research experiences in a course format and can sometimes result in the publication of that research. However, little is known about student-author perceptions of CURE publications. In this study, we examined how students perceive they benefit from authoring a CURE publication and what they believe is required for authorship of a manuscript in a peer-reviewed journal. All 16 students who were enrolled in a molecular genetics CURE during their first year of college participated in semistructured interviews during their fourth year. At the time of the interviews, students had been authors …
The Spinning Cube: An Algebraic Excursion, Lingguo Bu
The Spinning Cube: An Algebraic Excursion, Lingguo Bu
The Mathematics Enthusiast
What shapes do you get when you spin a cube on one of its vertices? This article explores the algebraic aspects of a spinning cube and establishes equations for the two cones and the hyperboloid using secondary school mathematics. Both the analysis and the verification take advantage of dynamic mathematics learning technologies.
Indigenous Culture-Based School Mathematics In Action Part Ii: The Study’S Results: What Support Do Teachers Need?, Sharon Meyer, Glen Aikenhead
Indigenous Culture-Based School Mathematics In Action Part Ii: The Study’S Results: What Support Do Teachers Need?, Sharon Meyer, Glen Aikenhead
The Mathematics Enthusiast
This second part of two related articles reports the answers to the research question: What precise supports must be in place for Grades 5 to 12 teachers to enhance their mathematics classes in a sustainable way with Indigenous mathematizing and Indigenous worldview perspectives? In addition to various logistical supports, two other types of supports were identified: supports for learning and unlearning ways of perceiving the world generally and perceiving Western mathematics specifically. These needed supports came to light when we mentored the teachers. On the one hand, the co-researching teachers learned, or had already learned: (a) the plurality of mathematical …
Impediments To Mathematical Creativity: Fixation And Flexibility In Proof Validation, Per Øystein Haavold
Impediments To Mathematical Creativity: Fixation And Flexibility In Proof Validation, Per Øystein Haavold
The Mathematics Enthusiast
Mathematical techniques in proof writing can be narrowed down to specific proof styles. Simply put, proofs can be direct or indirect- the latter using the Law of the Excluded Middle from logic as well as the axiom of Choice, to prove existence of mathematical objects. However, the thinking skills involved in writing indirect proofs are prone to errors, especially from novice proof writers such as prospective teachers. Creativity in mathematics entails the use of both direct and indirect approaches to determine the validity of a statement. In this article, I shed some light on this relationship, by reporting on some …
The Academic Community’S Perceptions Of The Two-Column Proof, Jeffrey Pair, Susanne Strachota, Rashmi Singh
The Academic Community’S Perceptions Of The Two-Column Proof, Jeffrey Pair, Susanne Strachota, Rashmi Singh
The Mathematics Enthusiast
Our research team surveyed members of the mathematics education scholarly community to gain insight into the community’s perceptions of the two-column proof and its role in high school geometry. We created an email survey, which we sent to email addresses gathered from public lists of conference participants and speakers from recent mathematics education conferences. We asked study participants to describe the value of the two-column proof and discuss whether they would be in favor of eliminating it from the high school geometry curriculum. There was a wide range of diversity in the responses, and we present several themes that we …
Unit Shapes And A Wealth Of Calculus Problems, Robert G. Donnelly, Alexander F. Thome
Unit Shapes And A Wealth Of Calculus Problems, Robert G. Donnelly, Alexander F. Thome
The Mathematics Enthusiast
For a given family of similar shapes, what we call a \unit shape" strongly analogizes the role of the unit circle within the family of all circles. Within many such families of similar shapes, we present what we believe is naturally and intrinsically unital about their unit shapes. We present a number of calculus problems related to extremal questions about collections of unit shapes, and we recapitulate some isoperimetric problems in terms of unit shapes. We close by presenting some problems (some of which are open) and by proffering perhaps a new perspective on the pi vs. t debate.
Real Numbers As Infinite Decimals, Nicolas Fardin, Liangpan Li
Real Numbers As Infinite Decimals, Nicolas Fardin, Liangpan Li
The Mathematics Enthusiast
Stemming from an idea put forward by Loo-Keng Hua in 1962, this article describes an original way to perform arithmetic directly on infinite decimals. This approach leads to a new and elementary construction of the real number system via decimal representation. Based on the least upper bound property, a definition of trigonometric functions is also included, which settles an issue that Godfrey H. Hardy called \a fatal defect" in his Course of Pure Mathematics.
Archimedes’ Works In Conoids As A Basis For The Development Of Mathematics, Kenton Ke
Archimedes’ Works In Conoids As A Basis For The Development Of Mathematics, Kenton Ke
The Mathematics Enthusiast
This paper explores Archimedes’ works in conoids, which are three dimensional versions of conic sections, and will discuss ideas that came up in Archimedes’ book On Conoids and Spheroids. In particular, paraboloids, or three dimensional parabolas, will be the primary focus, and a proof of one of the propositions is provided for a clearer understanding of how Archimedes proved many of his propositions. His main method is called method of exhaustion, with results justified by double contradiction. This paper will compare the ideas and problems brought up in On Conoids and Spheroids and how they relate to modern day calculus. …
The History Of Bootstrapping: Tracing The Development Of Resampling With Replacement, Denise Lafontaine
The History Of Bootstrapping: Tracing The Development Of Resampling With Replacement, Denise Lafontaine
The Mathematics Enthusiast
Sampling is one of the most fundamental concepts in statistics, as the quality and accuracy of the statistical inferences made, heavily depend on the method used to obtain the sample and the sample’s ability to represent the population of inference. Despite being a simple concept, sampling presents researchers with many challenges. Generally, due to monetary and time constraints, researchers must take a smaller sample size than they would ideally use. Using statistics from these small samples, estimates for population parameters can be made, typically in the form of a confidence interval. However, the validity of these confidence intervals depends on …
Beauty Is In The Blind Spot Of The Beholder, Ron Aharoni
Beauty Is In The Blind Spot Of The Beholder, Ron Aharoni
The Mathematics Enthusiast
The paper addresses the time-old question of what is beauty. A rather ambitious, if not to say presumptuous, endeavour. But I do not aim high – I do not claim to get anywhere near unearthing the secret. Rather, I will use examples from mathematics, poetry, music and chess to substantiate one thesis: that the elusory character of beauty is not incidental. Its defiance of definition is part of its essence. The aesthetic sensation requires unawareness of its precise origin. Beauty is felt when some order is perceived, that is not fully comprehended. The order is too complex, or well hidden, …