Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Life Sciences (9526)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (5981)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (5501)
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (4488)
- Education (2442)
-
- Plant Sciences (2288)
- Engineering (2087)
- Biology (2057)
- Earth Sciences (1952)
- Arts and Humanities (1928)
- Plant Biology (1779)
- Agronomy and Crop Sciences (1764)
- Agricultural Science (1707)
- Plant Pathology (1591)
- Soil Science (1575)
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (1547)
- Weed Science (1530)
- Environmental Sciences (1424)
- Law (1312)
- Medical Specialties (1284)
- Medical Sciences (1226)
- Psychology (1166)
- Animal Sciences (970)
- Public Health (919)
- Higher Education (908)
- Chemistry (900)
- Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology (750)
- Agriculture (640)
- Diseases (553)
- Sustainability (548)
- Institution
-
- University of Kentucky (2101)
- University of Nebraska - Lincoln (1371)
- University of Memphis (868)
- Washington University School of Medicine (737)
- TÜBİTAK (700)
-
- Louisiana State University (545)
- San Jose State University (506)
- University of Plymouth (495)
- Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School (488)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (459)
- University of South Florida (459)
- Utah State University (447)
- University of Arkansas, Fayetteville (424)
- The Texas Medical Center Library (422)
- Chulalongkorn University (405)
- Walden University (376)
- University of South Carolina (375)
- Nova Southeastern University (361)
- University of Mississippi (360)
- University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (357)
- Thomas Jefferson University (324)
- University of Rhode Island (316)
- University of Montana (314)
- Portland State University (301)
- Brigham Young University (297)
- Yale University (281)
- University of Central Florida (280)
- University of New Hampshire (275)
- Old Dominion University (263)
- Washington University in St. Louis (260)
- Keyword
-
- COVID-19 (581)
- Humans (528)
- Animals (259)
- University of Memphis. (235)
- Female (230)
-
- Memphis State University. (227)
- Biology (206)
- Male (203)
- Climate change (197)
- SARS-CoV-2 (178)
- Mice (174)
- Education (173)
- Biological Sciences (167)
- Machine learning (156)
- Gender (153)
- Cancer (141)
- Undergraduate (137)
- Inflammation (135)
- Conservation (132)
- Depression (121)
- Pandemic (121)
- Mental health (120)
- Adult (119)
- Biodiversity (116)
- Obesity (114)
- Stress (114)
- Ecology (104)
- Children (101)
- Race (98)
- Anxiety (96)
- Publication
-
- IGC Proceedings (1977-2023) (1504)
- Theses and Dissertations (1055)
- Faculty Publications (596)
- Open Access Publications (591)
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations (461)
-
- Bulletins (365)
- Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal) (361)
- Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD) (355)
- Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies (343)
- Dissertations (306)
- Honors Theses (282)
- USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations (201)
- Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences (179)
- Research outputs 2014 to 2021 (178)
- Publications and Research (175)
- Graduate Theses and Dissertations (174)
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences (170)
- Master's Theses (168)
- Faculty, Staff and Students Publications (166)
- Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations (166)
- Theses (156)
- Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations (155)
- Food and Machinery (154)
- 2020-Current year OA Pubs (141)
- Commencements (141)
- Articles (140)
- United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications (136)
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023 (130)
- Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects (126)
- Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD) (118)
- Publication Type
Articles 23611 - 23640 of 33822
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
January 2021 Academic Affairs Minutes, University Of Nebraska At Kearney Academic Affairs Committee
January 2021 Academic Affairs Minutes, University Of Nebraska At Kearney Academic Affairs Committee
Academic Affairs Committee Minutes
No abstract provided.
Evaluating The Use Of Marine Protected Areas By Endangered Species: A Habitat Selection Approach, Kelsey E. Roberts, Brian J. Smith, Derek Burkholder, Kristen M. Hart
Evaluating The Use Of Marine Protected Areas By Endangered Species: A Habitat Selection Approach, Kelsey E. Roberts, Brian J. Smith, Derek Burkholder, Kristen M. Hart
Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles
1. Optimizing the design of marine protected area (MPA) networks for the conservation of migratory marine species and their habitats involves a suite of important considerations, such as appropriate scale requirements and the distribution of anthropogenic impacts. Often, a fundamental component of the conservation planning process is delineating areas of high use or high biodiversity within a region of interest.
2. However, basing conservation strategies off merely the number of individuals in an ecosystem is outdated and potentially subject to arbitrary thresholds. To be effective at protecting marine megafauna, MPAs would ideally encompass habitats used by focal species. Through satellite-tracking …
Jaguars' Advice For A Successful Remote Semester, Office Of Marketing And Communications
Jaguars' Advice For A Successful Remote Semester, Office Of Marketing And Communications
Newsroom
Students and Staff speak on thier experiances working from home and being successful and the meaning of a balanced approach to education.
Review Of Contemporary Self-Assembled Systems For The Controlled Delivery Of Therapeutics In Medicine., Laura L Osorno, Alyssa N Brandley, Daniel E Maldonado, Alex Yiantsos, Robert J Mosley, Mark Byrne
Review Of Contemporary Self-Assembled Systems For The Controlled Delivery Of Therapeutics In Medicine., Laura L Osorno, Alyssa N Brandley, Daniel E Maldonado, Alex Yiantsos, Robert J Mosley, Mark Byrne
Henry M. Rowan College of Engineering Departmental Research
The novel and unique design of self-assembled micro and nanostructures can be tailored and controlled through the deep understanding of the self-assembly behavior of amphiphilic molecules. The most commonly known amphiphilic molecules are surfactants, phospholipids, and block copolymers. These molecules present a dual attraction in aqueous solutions that lead to the formation of structures like micelles, hydrogels, and liposomes. These structures can respond to external stimuli and can be further modified making them ideal for specific, targeted medical needs and localized drug delivery treatments. Biodegradability, biocompatibility, drug protection, drug bioavailability, and improved patient compliance are among the most important benefits …
Predicting Transcriptional Responses To Cold Stress Across Plant Species, Xiaoxi Meng, Zhikai Liang, Xiuru Dai, Yang Zhang, Samira Mahboub, Daniel W. Ngu, Rebecca L. Roston, James C. Schnable
Predicting Transcriptional Responses To Cold Stress Across Plant Species, Xiaoxi Meng, Zhikai Liang, Xiuru Dai, Yang Zhang, Samira Mahboub, Daniel W. Ngu, Rebecca L. Roston, James C. Schnable
Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications
Although genome-sequence assemblies are available for a growing number of plant species, gene-expression responses to stimuli have been cataloged for only a subset of these species. Many genes show altered transcription patterns in response to abiotic stresses. However, orthologous genes in related species often exhibit different responses to a given stress. Accordingly, data on the regulation of gene expression in one species are not reliable predictors of orthologous gene responses in a related species. Here, we trained a supervised classification model to identify genes that transcriptionally respond to cold stress. A model trained with only features calculated directly from genome …
Technology-Dependent Pedagogical Process Redesign: Leveraging Lean Methods, Kimberly Deranek, Steven B. Kramer, Sharon C. Siegel
Technology-Dependent Pedagogical Process Redesign: Leveraging Lean Methods, Kimberly Deranek, Steven B. Kramer, Sharon C. Siegel
HCBE Faculty Articles
Purpose
This research compared the efficacy of process outcomes leveraging lean methods versus traditional pedagogy applied to dental education dependent on emerging technology. The pedagogical objective was to improve system efficiency without compromising traditional outcomes of effectiveness (quality).
Design/methodology/approach
The research team tested the efficacy of a lean A3 framework to identify, remove waste and redesign a technology-dependent simulation laboratory course (CAD/CAM/IR Restorative Dentistry). Students were also sensitized to time-in-chair to introduce a stronger patient focus. Baseline data collected from a control group were statistically compared to the research group's data after the course redesign. In addition, course time allocations …
Cognitive Reserve In Model Systems For Mechanistic Discovery: The Importance Of Longitudinal Studies., Joseph A Mcquail, Amy R Dunn, Yaakov Stern, Carol A Barnes, Gerd Kempermann, Peter R Rapp, Catherine C Kaczorowski, Thomas C Foster
Cognitive Reserve In Model Systems For Mechanistic Discovery: The Importance Of Longitudinal Studies., Joseph A Mcquail, Amy R Dunn, Yaakov Stern, Carol A Barnes, Gerd Kempermann, Peter R Rapp, Catherine C Kaczorowski, Thomas C Foster
Faculty Research 2021
The goal of this review article is to provide a resource for longitudinal studies, using animal models, directed at understanding and modifying the relationship between cognition and brain structure and function throughout life. We propose that forthcoming longitudinal studies will build upon a wealth of knowledge gleaned from prior cross-sectional designs to identify early predictors of variability in cognitive function during aging, and characterize fundamental neurobiological mechanisms that underlie the vulnerability to, and the trajectory of, cognitive decline. Finally, we present examples of biological measures that may differentiate mechanisms of the cognitive reserve at the molecular, cellular, and network level.
Minutes, College Of Liberal Arts Faculty Meeting, Thursday, January 21, 2021, College Of Liberal Arts Faculty, Rollins College
Minutes, College Of Liberal Arts Faculty Meeting, Thursday, January 21, 2021, College Of Liberal Arts Faculty, Rollins College
The College of Liberal Arts Faculty Minutes
No abstract provided.
Diet Of An Important Wetland Resident, The California Killifish, Fundulus Parvipinnis, In A Natural And Created Marsh Habitat In Mission Bay, California, Katie Robinson-Filipp
Diet Of An Important Wetland Resident, The California Killifish, Fundulus Parvipinnis, In A Natural And Created Marsh Habitat In Mission Bay, California, Katie Robinson-Filipp
Theses
The California killifish, Fundulus parvipinnis Girard, is an ecologically important marsh resident. Fundulus parvipinnis is a low-level carnivore, displaying high-site fidelity and occurring in high densities across a range of environmental conditions. Despite the importance of F. parvipinnis to the ecosystem functions of the threatened coastal wetlands of southern California and the Baja California Peninsula, there are critical gaps in our knowledge of this species. In particular, information on their diet and food habits is lacking.
Understanding wetland food web linkages, interactions, and trophic transfer is essential for informing effective habitat management and contributes to our ability to evaluate the …
Graduate Student Coordinates Event To Support Organization That Helps People With Disabilities, Office Of University Communications
Graduate Student Coordinates Event To Support Organization That Helps People With Disabilities, Office Of University Communications
Gardner-Webb NewsCenter Archive
Before Lee Anne Tourigny graduated from Gardner-Webb University in May 2020, she was a summer intern with ConnectAbility in her hometown of Dahlonega, Ga. Through its various programs, ConnectAbility, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization, works to create an inclusive community, where people of all abilities are valued, included and empowered.
Creating Community In The Classroom - Wherever That Is, Matt Windsor
Creating Community In The Classroom - Wherever That Is, Matt Windsor
Browse All News
No abstract provided.
The Intrinsic Structure Of Nuclear Chemistry: A Scientometric Study, Sivamani Muthusamy, Sarangapani R, Shyamala R
The Intrinsic Structure Of Nuclear Chemistry: A Scientometric Study, Sivamani Muthusamy, Sarangapani R, Shyamala R
Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)
: In the last two decades, the research in nuclear chemistry has experienced a regular as well as voluminous structural changes and has grown notably with interaction from other fields in terms of theory building, methodology, and applications. This study focus a quantitative assessment of the scientific literature for mapping the intellectual structure of nuclear chemistry research and its scientific development over a 11-year period from 2008 till 2018. A total of 109281 publications were subjected to examination in order to draw statistics and depict dynamic changes to shed new light upon the growth, dispersion and structure of the studied …
Lindenwood Sciences Prepare Students For Real Success, Lindenwood University
Lindenwood Sciences Prepare Students For Real Success, Lindenwood University
Archived Lindenwood Press Releases
No abstract provided.
2021-January-21-Tiny Mammal Teeth Reveal Ancient Climates, University Marketing And Communication, East Tennessee State University
2021-January-21-Tiny Mammal Teeth Reveal Ancient Climates, University Marketing And Communication, East Tennessee State University
ETSU News
JOHNSON CITY (January 21, 2021) – If you were planning a visit to Gray, Tennessee, five million years ago, you would want to dress like you were headed to Atlanta, Georgia, but pack rain gear like you would for Tampa, Florida. That’s according to an estimate of the ancient climate of the Gray Fossil Site, part of the results of a new study that uses fossil teeth to explore how climate has changed across North America over the past 37 million years.
It might not seem obvious at first, but teeth are related to climate. In any given place, the …
Patterns Of Relative And Quantitative Abundances Of Marine Bacteria In Surface Waters Of The Subtropical Northwest Pacific Ocean Estimated With High-Throughput Quantification Sequencing, Jie Kong, Xin Liu, Lei Wang, Hao Huang, Danyun Ou, Jiayu Guo, Edward A. Laws, Bangqin Huang
Patterns Of Relative And Quantitative Abundances Of Marine Bacteria In Surface Waters Of The Subtropical Northwest Pacific Ocean Estimated With High-Throughput Quantification Sequencing, Jie Kong, Xin Liu, Lei Wang, Hao Huang, Danyun Ou, Jiayu Guo, Edward A. Laws, Bangqin Huang
Faculty Publications
Bacteria play a pivotal role in shaping ecosystems and contributing to elemental cycling and energy flow in the oceans. However, few studies have focused on bacteria at a trans-basin scale, and studies across the subtropical Northwest Pacific Ocean (NWPO), one of the largest biomes on Earth, have been especially lacking. Although the recently developed high-throughput quantitative sequencing methodology can simultaneously provide information on relative abundance, quantitative abundance, and taxonomic affiliations, it has not been thoroughly evaluated. We collected surface seawater samples for high-throughput, quantitative sequencing of 16S rRNA genes on a transect across the subtropical NWPO to elucidate the distribution …
Comprehensive Analysis Of Nac Transcription Factor Family Uncovers Drought And Salinity Stress Response In Pearl Millet (Pennisetum Glaucum), Ambika Dudhate, Harshraj Shinde, Pei Yu, Daisuke Tsugama, Shashi Kumar Gupta, Shenkui Liu, Tetsuo Takano
Comprehensive Analysis Of Nac Transcription Factor Family Uncovers Drought And Salinity Stress Response In Pearl Millet (Pennisetum Glaucum), Ambika Dudhate, Harshraj Shinde, Pei Yu, Daisuke Tsugama, Shashi Kumar Gupta, Shenkui Liu, Tetsuo Takano
Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications
BACKGROUND: Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is a cereal crop that possesses the ability to withstand drought, salinity and high temperature stresses. The NAC [NAM (No Apical Meristem), ATAF1 (Arabidopsis thaliana Activation Factor 1), and CUC2 (Cup-shaped Cotyledon)] transcription factor family is one of the largest transcription factor families in plants. NAC family members are known to regulate plant growth and abiotic stress response. Currently, no reports are available on the functions of the NAC family in pearl millet.
RESULTS: Our genome-wide analysis found 151 NAC transcription factor genes (PgNACs) in the pearl millet genome. Thirty-eight …
Finnish Adolescent Girls’ Activity Patterns And The Effects Of An Activity-Based Homework Intervention On Their Physical Activity, Mari Kääpä, Sanna Palomäki, Henri Vähä-Ypyä, Tommi Vasankari, Mirja Hirvensalo, Alicia Fedewa
Finnish Adolescent Girls’ Activity Patterns And The Effects Of An Activity-Based Homework Intervention On Their Physical Activity, Mari Kääpä, Sanna Palomäki, Henri Vähä-Ypyä, Tommi Vasankari, Mirja Hirvensalo, Alicia Fedewa
Educational, School, and Counseling Psychology Faculty Publications
Purpose: The insufficient physical activity (PA) of adolescents is a global challenge, and there is a need to find opportunities to engage youth in active lifestyles. The majority of adolescents do not meet the recommended guidelines of physical activity, and especially females have low levels of activity as they approach adolescence. The goal of this study was to obtain insight into Finnish adolescent girls’ objectively measured physical activity by evaluating the effects of an activity-based homework intervention on low, medium, and high-active girls during after-school hours.
Method: A physical activity homework intervention was put into place for female adolescent girls. …
Inhibition Of Biofilm Formation By The Synergistic Action Of Egcg-S And Antibiotics, Shrameeta Shinde, Lee Lee, Tinchun Chu
Inhibition Of Biofilm Formation By The Synergistic Action Of Egcg-S And Antibiotics, Shrameeta Shinde, Lee Lee, Tinchun Chu
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Biofilm, a stress-induced physiological state, is an established means of antimicrobial tolerance. A perpetual increase in multidrug resistant (MDR) infections associated with high mortality and morbidity have been observed in healthcare settings. Multiple studies have indicated that the use of natural products can prevent bacterial growth. Recent studies in the field have identified that epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a green tea polyphenol, could disrupt bacterial biofilms. A modified lipid-soluble EGCG, epigallocatechin-3-gallate-stearate (EGCG-S), has enhanced the beneficial properties of green tea. This study focuses on utilizing EGCG-S as a novel synergistic agent with antibiotics to prevent or control biofilm. Different formulations of …
Chanticleer | January 21, 2021, Jacksonville State University
Chanticleer | January 21, 2021, Jacksonville State University
Chanticleer
No abstract provided.
The Effect Of Barometric Pressure, Temperature, And Precipitation On Preterm Labor In Expecting Women In South Carolina, Allison K. Fletcher
The Effect Of Barometric Pressure, Temperature, And Precipitation On Preterm Labor In Expecting Women In South Carolina, Allison K. Fletcher
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science
Each year, approximately 9.9% of infants in the United States are born prematurely at less than 37 weeks of gestation with unidentified causes. From 2014 to 2016, the total preterm birth rate rose 3%, and late preterm birth rates rose almost 4%. One source of preterm labor that has been examined in recent years is its potential correlation with meteorological phenomena, including barometric pressure, temperature, and precipitation. In September of 2019, birth data recording 322 deliveries from two South Carolina hospitals was collected along with weather data on the given dates. The changes in temperature, barometric pressure, and precipitation for …
The Effect Of The Difference In The Perception Of Temperature Between Sexes On The Academic Performance Of Chapin High School Students, Tiffany V. Phan
The Effect Of The Difference In The Perception Of Temperature Between Sexes On The Academic Performance Of Chapin High School Students, Tiffany V. Phan
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science
Mental performance and mental functions may be negatively affected by decreases in thermal comfort as a result of large differences in temperature. Additionally, females are seen to be less content with room temperatures and actually prefer rooms with higher temperatures in comparison to males. This investigation explored the potential effect that sex plays in thermal perception and the impact it may yield on academic performance within a high school population. It was hypothesized that female students would experience an increase in academic performance as the temperature increased while males would experience the opposite effect. A quasi-experimental approach was used to …
The Effect Of Biochar Feedstock On The Remediation Of Acidic Soils And Improvement Of Pisum Sativum V. Saccharatum Growth, Ridha Fatima
The Effect Of Biochar Feedstock On The Remediation Of Acidic Soils And Improvement Of Pisum Sativum V. Saccharatum Growth, Ridha Fatima
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
The Effect Of Alcalase Concentration On The Proteins From The Shells Of Litopenaeus Setiferus (White Shrimp), Liam T. Quan
The Effect Of Alcalase Concentration On The Proteins From The Shells Of Litopenaeus Setiferus (White Shrimp), Liam T. Quan
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science
Chitin is a naturally abundant polymer that also happens to be biodegradable. Chitin can be used in a variety of different products such as biodegradable plastics, papers, medical products, foods, and medical treatments. To extract chitin, shells must be demineralized and deproteinized. The goal of this experiment was to examine the effect of the protease Alcalase in the deproteinization of litopenaeus setiferus shells. The hypothesis was that if the concentration of Alcalase increased, then the absorbance of proteins in the spectrophotometer reading would increase. The null hypothesis was that if the concentration increased there would be no change in absorption. …
Investigating Alternative Synthesis And Impregnation Methods For Silver Nanoparticles, Yash Patel
Investigating Alternative Synthesis And Impregnation Methods For Silver Nanoparticles, Yash Patel
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
The Effect Of Whey, Azadirachta Indica, And Powdered Whole Milk On Monilinia Fructicola, Evelyn Plakal
The Effect Of Whey, Azadirachta Indica, And Powdered Whole Milk On Monilinia Fructicola, Evelyn Plakal
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Intergenerative Transdisciplinarity In “Glocal” Learning And Collaboration, Peter J. Whitehouse
Intergenerative Transdisciplinarity In “Glocal” Learning And Collaboration, Peter J. Whitehouse
Faculty Scholarship
In this report, authors from North America, Africa, Europe, and Asia share commonalities and differences in the lessons we are learning from COVID-19, especially about scholarship and collaboration. We represent different ages and disciplines hence our focus on intergenerational perspectives and transdisciplinary considerations. Our work is intergenerative{that is going "between to go beyond" by connecting creative sources of culture and focusing on the emergent, that is responding to changes in the context in which we work. And importantly in our view, we will point beyond whatever the next phase of COVID or even the next pandemic brings to a more …
Graduate Committee Minutes, Shelli L. Casler-Failing
Graduate Committee Minutes, Shelli L. Casler-Failing
Faculty Senate Graduate Committee Minutes
No abstract provided.
Assessing Intervals Of Epigallocatechin Gallate (Egcg) And Cannabidiol (Cbd) On Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Cell Reproduction As A Possible Application On Cancer Cell Proliferation, Spandana Anchoori
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
What Can A Worm Learn? Nonlinear Categorization By Caenorhabditis Elegans Using A Hydrochloric Acid Gradient, Parth Desai
What Can A Worm Learn? Nonlinear Categorization By Caenorhabditis Elegans Using A Hydrochloric Acid Gradient, Parth Desai
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Clinical Performance Of The Point-Of-Care Cobas Liat For Detection Of Sars-Cov-2 In 20 Minutes: A Multicenter Study., Glen Hansen, Jamie Marino, Zi-Xuan Wang, Kathleen G Beavis, John Rodrigo, Kylie Labog, Lars F Westblade, Run Jin, Nedra Love, Karen Ding, Sachin Garg, Alan Huang, Joanna Sickler, Nam K Tran
Clinical Performance Of The Point-Of-Care Cobas Liat For Detection Of Sars-Cov-2 In 20 Minutes: A Multicenter Study., Glen Hansen, Jamie Marino, Zi-Xuan Wang, Kathleen G Beavis, John Rodrigo, Kylie Labog, Lars F Westblade, Run Jin, Nedra Love, Karen Ding, Sachin Garg, Alan Huang, Joanna Sickler, Nam K Tran
Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers
Highly accurate testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) at the point of care (POC) is an unmet diagnostic need in emergency care and time-sensitive outpatient care settings. Reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) technology is the gold standard for SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics. We performed a multisite U.S. study comparing the clinical performance of the first U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-authorized POC RT-PCR for detection of SARS-CoV-2 in 20 min, the cobas Liat SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A/B nucleic acid test, to the most widely used RT-PCR laboratory test, the cobas 68/8800 SARS-CoV-2 test. Clinical nasopharyngeal swab specimens from 444 patients with …