Digital Commons Network^™

Integrated Domestic Violence Courts: One Solution To Mexico’S Fem-Icide Epidemic, Sasha Ramirez

California Western International Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Retention By Program Fall 2021, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

Student Outcomes

This is a Student Outcome and Retention Report produced by the SWOSU Office of Institutional Research.

Understanding And Promoting The Human Rights Of Autistic People, Keri E. Iyall Smith Phd

Societies Without Borders

Rates of autism diagnosis are on the rise and autistic people are entering the public sphere in new ways, represented in theater, on television, as international experts, and more. Yet, do autistic people experience their full human rights? Experts argue that autistic people suffer discrimination and violations of their human rights, noting that more must be done to ensure the full entitlement of human rights for autistic people (Autism Society ND, Baron-Cohen 2017 and Sarrett 2012). To better understand and promote the human rights of autistic people, this paper applies theories of disability to autism, looking at the biomedical model, …

Drug Testing Policies And Practices: Predicting Successful Outcomes Among Juveniles Participating In Pretrial Diversion Programs, Chelsea W. Harris, Lindsey E. Wylie

Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Drug testing is a frequent condition of juvenile justice programs, although research on the effects of drug testing juveniles – especially early system-involved youth – is scarce. The risk-needsresponsivity (RNR) model suggests drug testing would only be a beneficial intervention if substance use contributes to a youth’s criminal behavior and has a rehabilitative component. We examined drug testing policies and practices in one Midwestern state utilizing interviews with 27 diversion program managers and a statewide sample of 665 youth referred to pretrial diversion. Analysis tested whether drug testing juveniles with and without a substance use need predicted successful completion of …

Much Cry And Little Wool?: Determining The Exact Role Of The Inter-National Criminal Court In Transitional Justice Efforts, Juan-Pablo Perez-Leon-Acevedo

California Western International Law Journal

No abstract provided.

An Unwelcome Burden: Sexual Harassment, Consent And Legal Complaints, Bethany Hastie

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

The legal definition of sexual harassment was set down thirty years ago in the Supreme Court of Canada decision of Janzen v. Platy Enterprises as “unwelcome conduct of a sexual nature that detrimentally affects the work environment or leads to adverse job-related consequences for the victim of the harassment.” Remarkably little has changed in the interpretation and application of these elements since Janzen was decided. However, both legal and social norms concerning sexual misconduct and consent have substantially developed in that time. This article unpacks the problematic consequences flowing from the treatment of consent in sexual harassment complaints under human …

Marijuana-Related Crime In Oregon Following Legalization Of Recreational Use, Ana Alicia Soto

Dissertations and Theses

In this decade we are seeing the legalization of recreational marijuana occurring across the nation, with new legislation being passed every year. This necessitates research into what works within the regulatory framework of states where MJ has been legalized. This study sets out to look at Oregon's implementation of recreational marijuana and its impact on marijuana-related offenses. Using NIBRS, we examine marijuana-related offenses across 13 counties with crime data from 41 agencies in Oregon from pre-legalization to post-legalization (2010 to 2019). This study uses elements of legalization, licenses, and production to analyze the association between these aspects and offenses that …

Neurointerventions, Crime, And Punishment: Ethical Considerations By Jesper Ryberg, Fiona Sarazin

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

A UNIQUE HALLMARK OF CRIMINAL LAW is that it concerns itself with the moral culpability of offenders. Penal theory has long purported to align with the prevalent orthodoxies of criminology, which have been increasingly informed by cognitive science. Recent advancements in brain imaging and neuroscience have revealed a growing ability to target structural and functional impairments that predispose psychopathy and violent tendencies. Neurointerventions, Crime, and Punishment delineates the ethical objections to the use of brain interventions, or “neurointerventions” (NIs) on offenders within a criminal justice framework for the purpose of crime prevention.

Book Review: The Rights Of Women: The Authoritative Aclu Guide To Women’S Rights (Fourth Edition), Maxcy Grasso

Journal of International Women's Studies

No abstract provided.

The Myth Of Mental Disorder: Transsubstantive Behavior And Taxometric Psychiatry, Steven K. Erickson

Akron Law Review

This article argues that three factors are primarily responsible for this current state of affairs: (1) the proliferation of mental disorders in the nosology of psychiatry; (2) the departure from traditional notions of illness in psychiatry towards a vague definition of "mental disorders"; (3) the inclusion of "personality disorders" and other phenomenon as diagnosable mental disorders that, at first blush, appear arbitrarily construed and sit in place of what is (or once was) considered poor moral character. When psychiatry turned away from the term "mental illness" to the expansive "mental disorder," it opened a Pandora's Box whereby almost any behavior …

The Trauma, Substance Use, And Crime Connection: Characteristics And Recidivism Outcomes Of Adult Offenders, Kathryn F. Fokas

Psychology ETDs

Despite exceptionally high rates of trauma and substance use among incarcerated offenders, treatments remain limited in scope and availability within the criminal justice system. Identifying shared underlying mechanisms and potential gender differences could facilitate the development of interventions to target the vicious cycle of trauma, substance use, and crime. This study aimed to test a novel conceptualization of trauma, substance use, and criminal history as a composite risk factor for recidivism, including posttraumatic world assumptions as a hypothesized mediator and gender as a potential moderator. Participants were adult offenders from a community corrections program. Due to many institutional barriers and …

Long Term Effects Of Cash Transfer Programs In Colombia, Orazio Attanasio, Lina Cardona-Sosa, Carlos Medina, Costas Meghir, Christian Posso

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Conditional Cash transfer (CCT) programs have been shown to have positive effects on a variety of outcomes including education, consumption and health visits, amongst others. We estimate the long-run impacts of the urban version of Familias en Acción, the Colombian CCT program on crime, teenage pregnancy, high school dropout and college enrollment using a Regression Discontinuity design on administrative data. ITT estimates show a reduction on arrest rates of 2.7pp for men and a reduction on teenage pregnancy of 2.3pp for women. High school dropout rates were reduced by 5.8pp and college enrollment was increased by 1.7pp for men.

Conducting A Systematic Social Observation Of Body-Camera Footage: Methodological And Practical Insights, Vijay Chillar, Eric Piza, Victoria Sytsma

Qualitative Criminology (QC)

"Increased use of video recording technologies such as drones, smartphones, CCTV, and body-worn cameras (BWCs), provides researchers with modes for observing human behavior in their natural settings. Although not originally intended for empirical inquiry, these data sources facilitate a video data analysis (VDA) framework used in the social sciences. BWCs represent an emerging technology within this framework, and BWC footage provides valuable insight into situational dynamics at play during various social phenomena. When combined with systematic social observation (SSO), researchers are well-equipped to unpack social phenomena in a manner that overcomes many challenges of traditional qualitative methodologies. This article incorporates …

Opioids And Dentistry, Anne E. Wampler

Pacific Journal of Health

Dental professionals are among the leading prescribers of opioids in the United States and play a significant role in the current opioid epidemic. While dental professionals prescribe these potent pain killers to provide relief to patients, the serious implications of their prescription and distribution must be considered. This manuscript covers the science behind opioids, history of the opioid epidemic, the affliction it is currently causing in the U.S., the immense impact dentists have in providing opioid prescriptions along with gross over-prescription practices, and much more. Other topics discussed include alternative pain management, safe prescribing practices, naloxone, and how dentists can …

Community Needs Assessment For Mclean County, Hannah Lynn Curry

Theses and Dissertations

A community needs assessment was conducted for McLean County, Illinois assessing the community level resources that are in place for ex-offenders reintegrating into the community and further resources that are needed. The purposive sample included 7 local agencies that provided a range of reentry services. Intensive interviewing was conducted with respondents of local agencies. Audio-recordings of interviews were transcribed, coded through software and analyzed. Results indicated that boundary spanners and mental health services are the common types of resources in place for ex-offenders in McLean County. Further resources that are needed include housing, employment and mental health services.

Examining Associations Between Trauma, The Parent-Child Relationship, And Children's Functioning During Middle Childhood, Candice Blair Crossnine

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Children's adaptive and maladaptive functioing may be influenced by several individual and relational factors, including aspects of the parent-child relationship. Specifically, a parent-child relationship that is characterized by closeness and affection may strengthen adaptive skills, while a parent-child relationship that is high in conflict may contribute to children's externaliziing and internalizing problems. The current study assessed associations between parent and child trauma exposure, aspects of the parent-child relationship, and children's adaptive and maladaptive functioning. Participants included 53 cargivers (Mage = 35.48; SD = 9.95) of children aged 6 to 11 years who were recruited organizations in the MidSouth, United States. …

Meek Mill’S Trauma: Brutal Policing As An Adverse Childhood Experience, Todd J. Clark, Caleb Gregory Conrad, André Douglas Pond Cummings, Amy Dunn Johnson

Law Faculty Scholarship

Meek Mill’s life and career have been punctuated by trauma, from his childhood lived on the streets of Philadelphia, through his rise to fame and eventual arrival as one of hip hop’s household names. his 2018 track "Trauma," Meek Mill describes, in revealing prose, just how the traumatic experiences he endured personally impacted and harmed him. He also embodies a role as narrator in describing the same traumas and harms that impact the daily lives of countless similarly situated young Black people in the United States. As a child, Mill’s lived experience was one of pervasive poverty and fear, as …

“I’M Doing Everything Right All Over Again”: How Women Manage Exiting Street Prostitution Over Time, Nili Gesser, Corey Shdaimah

Qualitative Criminology (QC)

"Exiting the criminalized sale of sex, which we refer to as prostitution, is a complex, recursive process which has been rarely studied longitudinally. Using typical case sampling, we selected two respondents from a two-year ethnographic study of a courtaffiliated diversion program in Philadelphia who participated in a total of eight interviews. Saldaña’s (2009) seldom-used longitudinal coding method was applied to conduct a fine-grained analysis of participants’ perceptions of exiting prostitution over time, focusing on participants’ motivations and actions. Respondents managed expectations of others and themselves and their sense of self-worth within a context of changing relationships, structural opportunities, accomplishments and …

The Use Of Problem Solving Skills Training To Treat Disruptive Behavior In Schools, Emma Larson

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Disruptive behaviors in children are a class of behaviors that involve problems with impulse control, regulating emotions, compliance, aggression, and respecting the rights of others or societal norms (American Psychiatric Association, 2013; Nelson, 1996). The presence of these disruptive behaviors take a negative toll on the environment including the education setting, criminal justice system, public health services, and families (Tolan and Leventhal, 2013; Cuffel, 1997). Meta-analyses have shown several evidence-based treatments for disruptive behavior with cognitive-behavioral therapy being an effective approach (Eyeberg, Nelson, & Boggs, 2008; McCart & Sheidow, 2016). One such cognitive-behavioral therapy that is effective for decreasing disruptive …

Dean's Spotlight July 12, 2021, Seattle University School Of Law Dean

Dean's Spotlight

No abstract provided.

Examining Police Officers’ Perceptions Of Stress: The Role Of Person−Environment Fit, Rachael Rief, Samantha S. Clinkinbeard

Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Purpose

The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between officer perceptions of fit in their organization and stress (organizational and operational), overall job satisfaction and turnover contemplation (within the last 6 months).

Design/methodology/approach

The authors used cross-sectional survey data from a sample of 832 officers from two Midwest police departments to examine the relationships between fit, stress and work-related attitudes.

Findings

Perceived stress and organizational fit were strong predictors of overall job satisfaction and turnover contemplation; organizational fit accounted for the most variation in stress, satisfaction and turnover contemplation. Organizational stress partially mediated the relationship between organizational …

"Technology: Present And Future" Featuring Dr. Jose Morey, Armando F. Sanchez Productions

Armando F. Sanchez Productions collection

Video recording from the "Technology: Present and Future" series featuring host Armando F. Sanchez and his guest Dr. Jose Morey, CEO and founder of Ad Astra Media LLC that provides role models and educational STEAM content to encourage more diversity in STEAM related fields.

Board Of Directors Meeting Minutes (July 12, 2021), Dmacc

Board of Directors Meeting Minutes

This file contains the minutes from the Des Moines Area Community College Board meeting held on July 12, 2021.

The Relationship Between Emotion Regulation And Substance Use Treatment Attrition, Melanie Ruth Roys

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Severe substance use disorders are characterized by chronic cycles of relapse; however, individuals who complete substance use treatment are less likely to experience relapse. Research has focused on trying to identify factors that predict treatment dropout to help improve treatment outcomes. Most of this research has focused on examining demographic and patient-specific factors, with little success in reliably predicting treatment attrition. There has been less focus on investigating transdiagnostic factors that span across discrete psychological diagnoses and demographics. The present study sought to determine if self-report and behavioral measures related to emotion regulation predicted inpatient substance use treatment dropout above …

Guns And The Limits Of Numeracy: Review Of How America Got Its Guns: A History Of The Gun Violence Crisis, By William Briggs., Joel Best

Numeracy

William Briggs. 2017. How America Got Its Guns: A History of the Gun Violence Crisis; (Albuquerque, University of New Mexico Press). Paperback: ISBN 978-0-8263-5813-4. E-book ISBN 978-0-8263-5814-1.

Mathematician William Briggs (co-author of the well-regarded Understanding and Using Mathematics) has written a remarkably thorough and evenhanded analysis of gun policy in the United States that draws upon the work of historians, legal scholars, social scientists, and advocates. He gives respectful hearings to claims about the importance of both gun rights and gun control. The breadth of his coverage makes it almost certain that any reader will discover new angles …

Considering What Counts: Claims About Nearly-Ubiquitous Social Problems, Joel Best

Numeracy

Press coverage of a recent survey suggests that sexual harassment is nearly ubiquitous in the UK. Thinking critically about claims of nearly-ubiquitous social problems requires: (1) asking how the statistic was produced; (2) considering questions of measurement; and (3) recognizing that the the most severe forms that social problems take tend to be much less common than less serious forms

"Not For Human Consumption": Prison Food's Absent Regulatory Regime, Amanda Chan, Anna Nathanson

William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal

Prison food is poor quality. The regulations which govern prison food are subpar and unenforceable by prisoners, due in large part to Sandin v. Conner and the Prison Litigation Reform Act. This Article aims to draw attention to the dire food conditions in prisons, explain the lax federal administrative law that permits these conditions, highlight the role of Sandin v. Conner and the Prison Litigation Reform Act in curtailing prisoners’ rights, and criticize the role of the private entity American Correctional Association in enabling mass neglect of prison food. The authors recommend that the Prison Litigation Reform Act be repealed, …

Yes, Allegheny Co. Da Zappala Should Resign Or Be Impeached. No, He Shouldn't Be The Target Of Legal Discipline, Bruce Ledewitz

Newspaper Columns

Collected biweekly contributions to the Pennsylvania Capital-Star, a nonpartisan, nonprofit news site.

Improving K-12 Education For Hispanic Students In Las Vegas And Beyond, Richard Reeves, Ember Smith

Policy Briefs and Reports

Public K-12 education serves as a launching pad for economic mobility and opportunity, preparing students for college or a good-paying job. Despite K-12 education’s influence on later-in-life outcomes, schools often underserve students of color. Hispanic students in particular constitute a significant and growing portion of the U.S. student population yet are often overlooked in education literature because they are not the lowest performing demographic. In this brief, we examine how well public K-12 education serves Hispanic students in Clark County, where nearly half of students are Hispanic. We then consider factors that may influence student performance, including both in-school factors …

Alumni Legal Community Help Give High School Students Handson Experience In Summer Law Trial Institute, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

No abstract provided.